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Chapter 3. Getting started
To get started with the installation, first review the boot menu and the available boot options. Then, depending on the choice you make, proceed to boot the installation.
3.1. Booting the installation
After you have created bootable media you are ready to boot the Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation.
3.1.2. Types of boot options
The two types of boot options are those with an equals "=" sign, and those without an equals "=" sign. Boot options are appended to the boot command line and you can append multiple options separated by space. Boot options that are specific to the installation program always start with inst
.
- Options with an equals "=" sign
-
You must specify a value for boot options that use the
=
symbol. For example, theinst.vncpassword=
option must contain a value, in this example, a password. The correct syntax for this example isinst.vncpassword=password
. - Options without an equals "=" sign
-
This boot option does not accept any values or parameters. For example, the
rd.live.check
option forces the installation program to verify the installation media before starting the installation. If this boot option is present, the installation program performs the verification and if the boot option is not present, the verification is skipped.
3.1.3. Editing the boot: prompt in BIOS
When using the boot:
prompt, the first option must always specify the installation program image file that you want to load. In most cases, you can specify the image using the keyword. You can specify additional options according to your requirements.
Prerequisites
- You have created bootable installation media (USB, CD or DVD).
- You have booted the installation from the media, and the installation boot menu is open.
Procedure
- With the boot menu open, press the Esc key on your keyboard.
-
The
boot:
prompt is now accessible. - Press the Tab key on your keyboard to display the help commands.
-
Press the Enter key on your keyboard to start the installation with your options. To return from the
boot:
prompt to the boot menu, restart the system and boot from the installation media again.
The boot:
prompt also accepts dracut
kernel options. A list of options is available in the dracut.cmdline(7)
man page.
3.1.4. Editing predefined boot options using the > prompt
In BIOS-based AMD64 and Intel 64 systems, you can use the >
prompt to edit predefined boot options. To display a full set of options, select Test this media and install RHEL 8
from the boot menu.
Prerequisites
- You have created bootable installation media (USB, CD or DVD).
- You have booted the installation from the media, and the installation boot menu is open.
Procedure
-
From the boot menu, select an option and press the Tab key on your keyboard. The
>
prompt is accessible and displays the available options. -
Append the options that you require to the
>
prompt. - Press Enter to start the installation.
- Press Esc to cancel editing and return to the boot menu.
3.1.6. Booting the installation from a USB, CD, or DVD
Follow the steps in this procedure to boot the Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation using a USB, CD, or DVD. The following steps are generic. Consult your hardware manufacturer’s documentation for specific instructions.
Prerequisite
You have created bootable installation media (USB, CD or DVD). See Creating a bootable DVD or CD for more information.
Procedure
- Power off the system to which you are installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
- Disconnect any drives from the system.
- Power on the system.
- Insert the bootable installation media (USB, DVD, or CD).
- Power off the system but do not remove the boot media.
Power on the system.
NoteYou might need to press a specific key or combination of keys to boot from the media or configure the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) of your system to boot from the media. For more information, see the documentation that came with your system.
- The Red Hat Enterprise Linux boot window opens and displays information about a variety of available boot options.
Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to select the boot option that you require, and press Enter to select the boot option. The Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux window opens and you can install Red Hat Enterprise Linux using the graphical user interface.
NoteThe installation program automatically begins if no action is performed in the boot window within 60 seconds.
Optionally, edit the available boot options:
- UEFI-based systems: Press E to enter edit mode. Change the predefined command line to add or remove boot options. Press Enter to confirm your choice.
- BIOS-based systems: Press the Tab key on your keyboard to enter edit mode. Change the predefined command line to add or remove boot options. Press Enter to confirm your choice.
Additional Resources
3.1.7. Booting the installation from a network using PXE
When installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux on a large number of systems simultaneously, the best approach is to boot from a PXE server and install from a source in a shared network location. Follow the steps in this procedure to boot the Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation from a network using PXE.
To boot the installation process from a network using PXE, you must use a physical network connection, for example, Ethernet. You cannot boot the installation process with a wireless connection.
Prerequisites
- You have configured a TFTP server, and there is a network interface in your system that supports PXE. See Additional resources for more information.
- You have configured your system to boot from the network interface. This option is in the BIOS, and can be labeled Network Boot or Boot Services.
- You have verified that the BIOS is configured to boot from the specified network interface and supports the PXE standard. For more information, see your hardware’s documentation.
Procedure
- Verify that the network cable is attached. The link indicator light on the network socket should be lit, even if the computer is not switched on.
Switch on the system.
Depending on your hardware, some network setup and diagnostic information can be displayed before your system connects to a PXE server. When connected, a menu is displayed according to the PXE server configuration.
Press the number key that corresponds to the option that you require.
NoteIn some instances, boot options are not displayed. If this occurs, press the Enter key on your keyboard or wait until the boot window opens.
The Red Hat Enterprise Linux boot window opens and displays information about a variety of available boot options.
Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to select the boot option that you require, and press Enter to select the boot option. The Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux window opens and you can install Red Hat Enterprise Linux using the graphical user interface.
NoteThe installation program automatically begins if no action is performed in the boot window within 60 seconds.
Optionally, edit the available boot options:
- UEFI-based systems: Press E to enter edit mode. Change the predefined command line to add or remove boot options. Press Enter to confirm your choice.
- BIOS-based systems: Press the Tab key on your keyboard to enter edit mode. Change the predefined command line to add or remove boot options. Press Enter to confirm your choice.
Additional Resources
3.2. Installing RHEL using an ISO image from the Customer Portal
Use this procedure to install RHEL using a DVD ISO image that you downloaded from the Customer Portal. The steps provide instructions to follow the RHEL Installation Program.
When performing a GUI installation using the DVD ISO image file, a race condition in the installer can sometimes prevent the installation from proceeding until you register the system using the Connect to Red Hat feature. For more information, see BZ#1823578 in the Known Issues section of the RHEL Release Notes document.
Prerequisites
- You have downloaded the DVD ISO image file from the Customer Portal. For more information, see Downloading beta installation images.
- You have created bootable installation media. For more information, see Creating a bootable DVD or CD.
- You have booted the installation program and the boot menu is displayed. For more information, see Booting the installer.
Procedure
- From the boot menu, select Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8, and press Enter on your keyboard.
- In the Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 window, select your language and location, and click . The Installation Summary window opens and displays the default values for each setting.
- Select System > Installation Destination, and in the Local Standard Disks pane, select the target disk and then click . The default settings are selected for the storage configuration.
- Select System > Network & Host Name. The Network and Hostname window opens.
- In the Network and Hostname window, toggle the Ethernet switch to ON, and then click . The installer connects to an available network and configures the devices available on the network. If required, from the list of networks available, you can choose a desired network and configure the devices that are available on that network.
- Select User Settings > Root Password. The Root Password window opens.
- In the Root Password window, type the password that you want to set for the root account, and then click . A root password is required to finish the installation process and to log in to the system administrator user account.
- Optional: Select User Settings > User Creation to create a user account for the installation process to complete. In place of the root account, you can use this user account to perform any system administrative tasks.
In the Create User window, perform the following, and then click .
- Type a name and user name for the account that you want to create.
- Select the Make this user administrator and the Require a password to use this account check boxes. The installation program adds the user to the wheel group, and creates a password protected user account with default settings. It is recommended to create a password protected administrative user account.
- Click to start the installation, and wait for the installation to complete. It might take a few minutes.
- When the installation process is complete, click to restart the system.
Remove any installation media if it is not ejected automatically upon reboot.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 starts after your system’s normal power-up sequence is complete. If your system was installed on a workstation with the X Window System, applications to configure your system are launched. These applications guide you through initial configuration and you can set your system time and date, register your system with Red Hat, and more. If the X Window System is not installed, a
login:
prompt is displayed.NoteIf you have installed a Red Hat Enterprise Linux Beta release, on systems having UEFI Secure Boot enabled, then add the Beta public key to the system’s Machine Owner Key (MOK) list.
- From the Initial Setup window, accept the licensing agreement and register your system.
Additional resources
3.3. Registering and installing RHEL from the CDN using the GUI
This section contains information about how to register your system, attach RHEL subscriptions, and install RHEL from the Red Hat Content Delivery Network (CDN) using the GUI.
3.3.1. What is the Content Delivery Network
The Red Hat Content Delivery Network (CDN), available from cdn.redhat.com, is a geographically distributed series of static web servers that contain content and errata that is consumed by systems. The content can be consumed directly, such as using a system registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. The CDN is protected by x.509 certificate authentication to ensure that only valid users have access. When a system is registered to Red Hat Subscription Management, the attached subscriptions govern which subset of the CDN the system can access.
Registering and installing RHEL from the CDN provides the following benefits:
- The CDN installation method supports the Boot ISO and the DVD ISO image files. However, the use of the smaller Boot ISO image file is recommended as it consumes less space than the larger DVD ISO image file.
- The CDN uses the latest packages resulting in a fully up-to-date system right after installation. There is no requirement to install package updates immediately after installation as is often the case when using the DVD ISO image file.
- Integrated support for connecting to Red Hat Insights and enabling System Purpose.
Registering and installing RHEL from the CDN is supported by the GUI and Kickstart. For information about how to register and install RHEL using the GUI, see the Performing a standard RHEL 8 installation document. For information about how to register and install RHEL using Kickstart, see the Performing an advanced RHEL 8 installation document.
3.3.2. Registering and installing RHEL from the CDN
Use this procedure to register your system, attach RHEL subscriptions, and install RHEL from the Red Hat Content Delivery Network (CDN) using the GUI.
The CDN feature is supported by the Boot ISO and DVD ISO image files. However, it is recommended that you use the Boot ISO image file as the installation source defaults to CDN for the Boot ISO image file.
Prerequisites
- Your system is connected to a network that can access the CDN.
- You have downloaded the Boot ISO image file from the Customer Portal.
- You have created bootable installation media.
- You have booted the installation program and the boot menu is displayed. Note that the installation repository used after system registration is dependent on how the system was booted.
Procedure
- From the boot menu, select Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8, and press Enter on your keyboard.
- In the Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 window, select your language and location, and click . The Installation Summary window opens and displays the default values for each setting.
- Select System > Installation Destination, and in the Local Standard Disks pane, select the target disk and then click . The default settings are selected for the storage configuration. For more information about customizing the storage settings, see Configuring software settings, Storage devices, Manual partitioning.
- Select System > Network & Host Name. The Network and Hostname window opens.
- In the Network and Hostname window, toggle the Ethernet switch to ON, and then click . The installer connects to an available network and configures the devices available on the network. If required, from the list of networks available, you can choose a desired network and configure the devices that are available on that network. For more information about configuring a network or network devices, see Network hostname.
- Select Software > Connect to Red Hat. The Connect to Red Hat window opens.
In the Connect to Red Hat window, perform the following steps:
Select the Authentication method, and provide the details based on the method you select.
For Account authentication method: Enter your Red Hat Customer Portal username and password details.
For Activation Key authentication method: Enter your organization ID and activation key. You can enter more than one activation key, separated by a comma, as long as the activation keys are registered to your subscription.
Select the Set System Purpose check box, and then select the required Role, SLA, and Usage from the corresponding drop-down lists.
With System Purpose you can record the intended use of a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 system, and ensure that the entitlement server auto-attaches the most appropriate subscription to your system.
The Connect to Red Hat Insights check box is enabled by default. Clear the check box if you do not want to connect to Red Hat Insights.
Red Hat Insights is a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) offering that provides continuous, in-depth analysis of registered Red Hat-based systems to proactively identify threats to security, performance and stability across physical, virtual and cloud environments, and container deployments.
Optionally, expand Options, and select the network communication type.
- Select the Use HTTP proxy check box if your network environment allows external Internet access only or accesses the content servers through an HTTP proxy.
Click Connect to Red Hat window displays the attached subscription details.
. When the system is successfully registered and subscriptions are attached, theDepending on the amount of subscriptions, the registration and attachment process might take up to a minute to complete.
Click
.A Registered message is displayed under Connect to Red Hat.
- Select User Settings > Root Password. The Root Password window opens.
In the Root Password window, type the password that you want to set for the root account, and then click . A root password is required to finish the installation process and to log in to the system administrator user account.
For more details about the requirements and recommendations for creating a password, see Configuring a root password.
- Optional: Select User Settings > User Creation to create a user account for the installation process to complete. In place of the root account, you can use this user account to perform any system administrative tasks.
- In the Create User window, perform the following, and then click .
- Type a name and user name for the account that you want to create.
Select the Make this user administrator and the Require a password to use this account check boxes. The installation program adds the user to the wheel group, and creates a password protected user account with default settings. It is recommended to create a password protected administrative user account.
For more information about editing the default settings for a user account, see Creating a user account.
- Click to start the installation, and wait for the installation to complete. It might take a few minutes.
- When the installation process is complete, click to restart the system.
Remove any installation media if it is not ejected automatically upon reboot.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 starts after your system’s normal power-up sequence is complete. If your system was installed on a workstation with the X Window System, applications to configure your system are launched. These applications guide you through initial configuration and you can set your system time and date, register your system with Red Hat, and more. If the X Window System is not installed, a
login:
prompt is displayed.NoteIf you have installed a Red Hat Enterprise Linux Beta release, on systems having UEFI Secure Boot enabled, then add the Beta public key to the system’s Machine Owner Key (MOK) list.
- From the Initial Setup window, accept the licensing agreement and register your system.
Additional resources
- How to customize your network, connect to Red Hat, system purpose, installation destination, KDUMP, and security policy
- Red Hat Insights product documentation
- Understanding Activation Keys
-
For information about setting up an HTTP proxy for Subscription Manager, see the
PROXY CONFIGURATION
section in thesubscription-manager
man page.
3.3.2.1. Installation source repository after system registration
The installation source repository used after system registration is dependent on how the system was booted.
- System booted from the Boot ISO or the DVD ISO image file
-
If you booted the RHEL installation using either the
Boot ISO
or theDVD ISO
image file with the default boot parameters, the installation program automatically switches the installation source repository to the CDN after registration. - System booted with the
inst.repo=<URL>
boot parameter -
If you booted the RHEL installation with the
inst.repo=<URL>
boot parameter, the installation program does not automatically switch the installation source repository to the CDN after registration. If you want to use the CDN to install RHEL, you must manually switch the installation source repository to the CDN by selecting the Red Hat CDN option in the Installation Source window of the graphical installation. If you do not manually switch to the CDN, the installation program installs the packages from the repository specified on the kernel command line.
-
You can switch the installation source repository to the CDN using the
rhsm
Kickstart command only if you do not specify an installation source usinginst.repo=
on the kernel command line or theurl
command in the Kickstart file. You must useinst.stage2=<URL>
on the kernel command line to fetch the installation image, but not specify the installation source. -
An installation source URL specified using a boot option or included in a Kickstart file takes precedence over the CDN, even if the Kickstart file contains the
rhsm
command with valid credentials. The system is registered, but it is installed from the URL installation source. This ensures that earlier installation processes operate as normal.
3.3.3. Verifying your system registration from the CDN
Use this procedure to verify that your system is registered to the CDN using the GUI.
You can only verify your registration from the CDN if you have not clicked the Begin Installation button from the Installation Summary window. Once the Begin Installation button is clicked, you cannot return to the Installation Summary window to verify your registration.
Prerequisite
- You have completed the registration process as documented in the Register and install from CDN using GUI and Registered is displayed under Connect to Red Hat on the Installation Summary window.
Procedure
- From the Installation Summary window, select Connect to Red Hat.
The window opens and displays a registration summary:
- Method
- The registered account name or activation keys are displayed.
- System Purpose
- If set, the role, SLA, and usage details are displayed.
- Insights
- If enabled, the Insights details are displayed.
- Number of subscriptions
- The number of subscriptions attached are displayed. Note: In the simple content access mode, no subscription being listed is a valid behavior.
- Verify that the registration summary matches the details that were entered.
Additional resources
3.3.4. Unregistering your system from the CDN
Use this procedure to unregister your system from the CDN using the GUI.
- You can unregister from the CDN if you have not clicked the button from the Installation Summary window. Once the button is clicked, you cannot return to the Installation Summary window to unregister your registration.
When unregistering, the installation program switches to the first available repository, in the following order:
- The URL used in the inst.repo=<URL> boot parameter on the kernel command line.
- An automatically detected repository on the installation media (USB or DVD).
Prerequisite
- You have completed the registration process as documented in the Registering and installing RHEL from the CDN and Registered is displayed under Connect to Red Hat on the Installation Summary window.
Procedure
- From the Installation Summary window, select Connect to Red Hat.
The Connect to Red Hat window opens and displays a registration summary:
- Method
- The registered account name or activation keys used are displayed.
- System Purpose
- If set, the role, SLA, and usage details are displayed.
- Insights
- If enabled, the Insights details are displayed.
- Number of subscriptions
- The number of subscriptions attached are displayed. Note: In the simple content access mode, no subscription being listed is a valid behavior.
- Click Not registered message displayed in the lower-middle part of the window. to remove the registration from the CDN. The original registration details are displayed with a
- Click Installation Summary window. to return to the
- Connect to Red Hat displays a Not registered message, and Software Selection displays a Red Hat CDN requires registration message.
After unregistering, it is possible to register your system again. Click Connect to Red Hat. The previously entered details are populated. Edit the original details, or update the fields based on the account, purpose, and connection. Click to complete.
3.4. Completing the installation
Wait for the installation to complete. It might take a few minutes.
After the installation is complete, remove any installation media if it is not ejected automatically upon reboot.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 starts after your system’s normal power-up sequence is complete. If your system was installed on a workstation with the X Window System, applications to configure your system are launched. These applications guide you through initial configuration and you can set your system time and date, register your system with Red Hat, and more. If the X Window System is not installed, a login:
prompt is displayed.
To learn how to complete initial setup, register, and secure your system, see the Completing post-installation tasks section of the Performing a standard RHEL 8 installation document.