9.4. Implement an HA Singleton

Procedure 9.3. Implement an HA Singleton Service

1. Write the HA singleton service application.

   The following is a simple example of a Service that is wrapped with the SingletonService decorator to be deployed as a singleton service. A complete example can be found in the cluster-ha-singleton quickstart that ships with Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 6. This quickstart contains all the instructions to build and deploy the application.

   1. Create a service.

      The following listing is an example of a service:

      package org.jboss.as.quickstarts.cluster.hasingleton.service.ejb;
      
      import java.util.Date;
      import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
      
      import javax.naming.InitialContext;
      import javax.naming.NamingException;
      
      import org.jboss.logging.Logger;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.Service;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceName;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.StartContext;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.StartException;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.StopContext;
      
      
      /**
       * @author <a href="mailto:wfink@redhat.com">Wolf-Dieter Fink</a>
       */
      public class HATimerService implements Service<String> {
          private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(HATimerService.class);
          public static final ServiceName SINGLETON_SERVICE_NAME = ServiceName.JBOSS.append("quickstart", "ha", "singleton", "timer");
      
          /**
           * A flag whether the service is started.
           */
          private final AtomicBoolean started = new AtomicBoolean(false);
      
          /**
           * @return the name of the server node
           */
          public String getValue() throws IllegalStateException, IllegalArgumentException {
              LOGGER.infof("%s is %s at %s", HATimerService.class.getSimpleName(), (started.get() ? "started" : "not started"), System.getProperty("jboss.node.name"));
              return "";
          }
      
          public void start(StartContext arg0) throws StartException {
              if (!started.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
                  throw new StartException("The service is still started!");
              }
              LOGGER.info("Start HASingleton timer service '" + this.getClass().getName() + "'");
      
              final String node = System.getProperty("jboss.node.name");
              try {
                  InitialContext ic = new InitialContext();
                  ((Scheduler) ic.lookup("global/jboss-cluster-ha-singleton-service/SchedulerBean!org.jboss.as.quickstarts.cluster.hasingleton.service.ejb.Scheduler")).initialize("HASingleton timer @" + node + " " + new Date());
              } catch (NamingException e) {
                  throw new StartException("Could not initialize timer", e);
              }
          }
      
          public void stop(StopContext arg0) {
              if (!started.compareAndSet(true, false)) {
                  LOGGER.warn("The service '" + this.getClass().getName() + "' is not active!");
              } else {
                  LOGGER.info("Stop HASingleton timer service '" + this.getClass().getName() + "'");
                  try {
                      InitialContext ic = new InitialContext();
                      ((Scheduler) ic.lookup("global/jboss-cluster-ha-singleton-service/SchedulerBean!org.jboss.as.quickstarts.cluster.hasingleton.service.ejb.Scheduler")).stop();
                  } catch (NamingException e) {
                      LOGGER.error("Could not stop timer", e);
                  }
              }
          }
      }
      

   2. Create an activator that installs the Service as a clustered singleton.

      The following listing is an example of a Service activator that installs the HATimerService as a clustered singleton service:

      package org.jboss.as.quickstarts.cluster.hasingleton.service.ejb;
      
      import org.jboss.as.clustering.singleton.SingletonService;
      import org.jboss.logging.Logger;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.DelegatingServiceContainer;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceActivator;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceActivatorContext;
      import org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceController;
      
      
      /**
       * Service activator that installs the HATimerService as a clustered singleton service
       * during deployment.
       *
       * @author Paul Ferraro
       */
      public class HATimerServiceActivator implements ServiceActivator {
          private final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());
      
          @Override
          public void activate(ServiceActivatorContext context) {
              log.info("HATimerService will be installed!");
      
              HATimerService service = new HATimerService();
              SingletonService<String> singleton = new SingletonService<String>(service, HATimerService.SINGLETON_SERVICE_NAME);
              /*
               * To pass a chain of election policies to the singleton, for example, 
               * to tell JGroups to prefer running the singleton on a node with a
               * particular name, uncomment the following line:
               */
              // singleton.setElectionPolicy(new PreferredSingletonElectionPolicy(new SimpleSingletonElectionPolicy(), new NamePreference("node2/cluster")));
      
              singleton.build(new DelegatingServiceContainer(context.getServiceTarget(), context.getServiceRegistry()))
                      .setInitialMode(ServiceController.Mode.ACTIVE)
                      .install()
              ;
          }
      }
      

      Note

      The above code example uses a class, org.jboss.as.clustering.singleton.SingletonService, that is part of the JBoss EAP private API. A public API will become available in the EAP 7 release and the private class will be deprecated, but this classes will be maintained and available for the duration of the EAP 6.x release cycle.

   3. Create a ServiceActivator File

      Create a file named org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceActivator in the application's resources/META-INF/services/ directory. Add a line containing the fully qualified name of the ServiceActivator class created in the previous step.

      org.jboss.as.quickstarts.cluster.hasingleton.service.ejb.HATimerServiceActivator 

   4. Create a Singleton bean that implements a timer to be used as a cluster-wide singleton timer.

      This Singleton bean must not have a remote interface and you must not reference its local interface from another EJB in any application. This prevents a lookup by a client or other component and ensures the SingletonService has total control of the Singleton.

      1. Create the Scheduler interface

         package org.jboss.as.quickstarts.cluster.hasingleton.service.ejb;
         
         /**
          * @author <a href="mailto:wfink@redhat.com">Wolf-Dieter Fink</a>
          */
         public interface Scheduler {
         
             void initialize(String info);
         
             void stop();
         
         }
         

      2. Create the Singleton bean that implements the cluster-wide singleton timer.

         package org.jboss.as.quickstarts.cluster.hasingleton.service.ejb;
         
         import javax.annotation.Resource;
         import javax.ejb.ScheduleExpression;
         import javax.ejb.Singleton;
         import javax.ejb.Timeout;
         import javax.ejb.Timer;
         import javax.ejb.TimerConfig;
         import javax.ejb.TimerService;
         
         import org.jboss.logging.Logger;
         
         
         /**
          * A simple example to demonstrate a implementation of a cluster-wide singleton timer.
          *
          * @author <a href="mailto:wfink@redhat.com">Wolf-Dieter Fink</a>
          */
         @Singleton
         public class SchedulerBean implements Scheduler {
             private static Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(SchedulerBean.class);
             @Resource
             private TimerService timerService;
         
             @Timeout
             public void scheduler(Timer timer) {
                 LOGGER.info("HASingletonTimer: Info=" + timer.getInfo());
             }
         
             @Override
             public void initialize(String info) {
                 ScheduleExpression sexpr = new ScheduleExpression();
                 // set schedule to every 10 seconds for demonstration
                 sexpr.hour("*").minute("*").second("0/10");
                 // persistent must be false because the timer is started by the HASingleton service
                 timerService.createCalendarTimer(sexpr, new TimerConfig(info, false));
             }
         
             @Override
             public void stop() {
                 LOGGER.info("Stop all existing HASingleton timers");
                 for (Timer timer : timerService.getTimers()) {
                     LOGGER.trace("Stop HASingleton timer: " + timer.getInfo());
                     timer.cancel();
                 }
             }
         }
         

2. Start each JBoss EAP 6 instance with clustering enabled.

   To enable clustering for standalone servers, you must start each server with the HA profile, using a unique node name and port offset for each instance.
   • For Linux, use the following command syntax to start the servers:

     EAP_HOME/bin/standalone.sh --server-config=standalone-ha.xml -Djboss.node.name=UNIQUE_NODE_NAME -Djboss.socket.binding.port-offset=PORT_OFFSET

     Example 9.5. Start multiple standalone servers on Linux

     $ EAP_HOME/bin/standalone.sh --server-config=standalone-ha.xml -Djboss.node.name=node1
     $ EAP_HOME/bin/standalone.sh --server-config=standalone-ha.xml -Djboss.node.name=node2 -Djboss.socket.binding.port-offset=100

   • For Microsoft Windows, use the following command syntax to start the servers:

     EAP_HOME\bin\standalone.bat --server-config=standalone-ha.xml -Djboss.node.name=UNIQUE_NODE_NAME -Djboss.socket.binding.port-offset=PORT_OFFSET

     Example 9.6. Start multiple standalone servers on Microsoft Windows

     C:> EAP_HOME\bin\standalone.bat --server-config=standalone-ha.xml -Djboss.node.name=node1
     C:> EAP_HOME\bin\standalone.bat --server-config=standalone-ha.xml -Djboss.node.name=node2 -Djboss.socket.binding.port-offset=100

   Note

   If you prefer not to use command line arguments, you can configure the standalone-ha.xml file for each server instance to bind on a separate interface.

3. Deploy the application to the servers

   The following Maven command deploys the application to a standalone server running on the default ports.

   mvn clean install jboss-as:deploy

   To deploy to additional servers, pass the server name. if it is on a different host, pass the host name and port number on the command line:

   mvn clean package jboss-as:deploy -Djboss-as.hostname=localhost -Djboss-as.port=10099

   See the cluster-ha-singleton quickstart that ships with JBoss EAP 6 for Maven configuration and deployment details.