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Chapter 34. Using Ansible to configure HBAC and sudo rules in IdM

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Using host-based access control (HBAC) in Identity Management (IdM), you can define policies that restrict access to hosts or services based on the following:

  • The user attempting to log in and this user’s groups
  • The host that a user is trying to access and the host groups to which that host belongs
  • The service that is being used to access a host

Using sudo, a user can run programs as another user, with different privileges, for example root privileges. In IdM, you can manage sudo rules centrally. You can define sudo rules based on user groups, host groups and command groups, as well as individual users, hosts and commands.

Complete this procedure to ensure the presence of the following HBAC and sudo rules for IdM users:

  • jane can only access host client01.idm.example.com.
  • john can only access host client02.idm.example.com.
  • Members of the admins group, which includes the default admin user as well as the regular alice user, can access any IdM host.
  • Members of the admins group can run sudo with the following commands on any IdM host:

    • /usr/sbin/reboot
    • /usr/bin/less
    • /usr/sbin/setenforce

The following diagram represents the desired configuration described above:

Figure 34.1. IdM HBAC and SUDO rules diagram

An image of IdM users and hosts showing different types of host access and sudo privileges for different users

Prerequisites

  • On the control node:

    • You are using Ansible version 2.14 or later.
    • You have installed the ansible-freeipa package.
    • You have created an Ansible inventory file with the fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) of the IdM server in the ~/MyPlaybooks/ directory.
    • You have stored your ipaadmin_password in the secret.yml Ansible vault.
  • The users jane, john and alice exist in IdM. Passwords are configured for these accounts.

Procedure

  1. Create your Ansible playbook file add-hbac-and-sudo-rules-to-idm.yml with the following content:

    ---
    - name: Playbook to manage IPA HBAC and SUDO rules
      hosts: ipaserver
      become: false
      gather_facts: false
    
      vars_files:
      - /home/<user_name>/MyPlaybooks/secret.yml
    
      module_defaults:
        ipahbacrule:
          ipaadmin_password: "{{ ipaadmin_password }}"
        ipagroup:
          ipaadmin_password: "{{ ipaadmin_password }}"
        ipasudocmd:
          ipaadmin_password: "{{ ipaadmin_password }}"
        ipasudocmdgroup:
          ipaadmin_password: "{{ ipaadmin_password }}"
        ipasudorule:
          ipaadmin_password: "{{ ipaadmin_password }}"
    
      tasks:
      - name: HBAC Rule for Jane - can log in to client01
        ipahbacrule: # Creates the rule
          name: Jane_rule
          hbacsvc:
          - sshd
          - login
          host: # Host name
          - client01.idm.example.com
          user:
          - jane
    
      - name: HBAC Rule for John - can log in to client02
        ipahbacrule: # Creates the rule
          name: john_rule
          hbacsvc:
          - sshd
          - login
          host: # Host name
          - client02.idm.example.com
          user:
          - john
    
      - name: Add user member alice to group admins
        ipagroup:
          name: admins
          action: member
          user:
          - alice
    
      - name: HBAC Rule for IdM administrators
        ipahbacrule: # Rule to allow admins full access
          name: admin_access # Rule name
          servicecat: all # All services
          hostcat: all # All hosts
          group: # User group
          - admins
    
        - name: Add reboot command to SUDO
          ipasudocmd:
            name: /usr/sbin/reboot
            state: present
        - name: Add less command to SUDO
          ipasudocmd:
            name: /usr/bin/less
            state: present
        - name: Add setenforce command to SUDO
          ipasudocmd:
            name: /usr/sbin/setenforce
            state: present
    
      - name: Create a SUDO command group
        ipasudocmdgroup:
          name: cmd_grp_1
          description: "Group of important commands"
          sudocmd:
          - /usr/sbin/setenforce
          - /usr/bin/less
          - /usr/sbin/reboot
          action: sudocmdgroup
          state: present
    
      - name: Create a SUDO rule with a SUDO command group
        ipasudorule:
          name: sudo_rule_1
          allow_sudocmdgroup:
          - cmd_grp_1
          group: admins
          state: present
    
      - name: Disable allow_all HBAC Rule
        ipahbacrule: # Rule to allow admins full access
          name: allow_all # Rule name
          state: disabled # Disables rule to allow everyone the ability to login
  2. Run the playbook:

    $ ansible-playbook --vault-password-file=password_file -i inventory add-hbac-and-sudo-rules-to-idm.yml

Verification

  1. Connect to client01 as the jane user:

    ~]$ ssh jane@client01
    Password:
    
    Last login: Fri Aug 11 15:32:18 2023 from 192.168.122.1
    [jane@client01 ~]$

    The output verifies that jane has logged in to client01.

  2. Try to connect to client02 as the jane user:

    ~]$ ssh jane@client02
    Password:
    Connection closed by 192.168.122.47 port 22

    The output verifies that jane cannot log in to client02.

  3. Connect to client02 as the alice user:

    ~]$ ssh alice@client02
    Password:
    
    Last login: Fri Aug 10 16:13:43 2023 from 192.168.122.1

    The output verifies that alice has logged in to client02.

  4. Try to view the contents of the /etc/sssd/sssd.conf file using less without invoking the superuser privileges:

    [alice@client02 ~]$ less /etc/sssd/sssd.conf
    /etc/sssd/sssd.conf: Permission denied

    The attempt fails as the file is not readable by anyone except the owner of the file, which is root.

  5. Invoke the root privileges to view the contents of the /etc/sssd/sssd.conf file using less:

    [alice@client02 ~]$ sudo less /etc/sssd/sssd.conf
    [sudo] password for alice:
    
    [domain/idm.example.com]
    
    id_provider = ipa
    ipa_server_mode = True
    [...]

    The output verifies that alice can execute the less command on the /etc/sssd/sssd.conf file.

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