Installing and using the Migration Toolkit for Virtualization


Migration Toolkit for Virtualization 2.5

Migrating from VMware vSphere or Red Hat Virtualization to Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization

Red Hat Modernization and Migration Documentation Team

Abstract

The Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) enables you to migrate virtual machines from VMware vSphere, Red Hat Virtualization, or OpenStack to OpenShift Virtualization running on Red Hat OpenShift.

Making open source more inclusive

Red Hat is committed to replacing problematic language in our code, documentation, and web properties. We are beginning with these four terms: master, slave, blacklist, and whitelist. Because of the enormity of this endeavor, these changes will be implemented gradually over several upcoming releases. For more details, see our CTO Chris Wright’s message.

Chapter 1. About the Migration Toolkit for Virtualization

You can use the Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) to migrate virtual machines from the following source providers to OpenShift Virtualization destination providers:

  • VMware vSphere
  • Red Hat Virtualization (RHV)
  • OpenStack
  • Open Virtual Appliances (OVAs) that were created by VMware vSphere
  • Remote OpenShift Virtualization clusters

Migration using one or more Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) files as a source provider is a Technology Preview.

Important

Migration using one or more Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) files as a source provider is a Technology Preview feature only. Technology Preview features are not supported with Red Hat production service level agreements (SLAs) and might not be functionally complete. Red Hat does not recommend using them in production. These features provide early access to upcoming product features, enabling customers to test functionality and provide feedback during the development process.

For more information about the support scope of Red Hat Technology Preview features, see https://access.redhat.com/support/offerings/techpreview/.

Note

Migration using OpenStack source providers only supports VMs that use only Cinder volumes.

1.1. About cold and warm migration

MTV supports cold migration from:

  • VMware vSphere
  • Red Hat Virtualization (RHV)
  • OpenStack
  • Remote OpenShift Virtualization clusters

MTV supports warm migration from VMware vSphere and from RHV.

Note

Migration using OpenStack source providers only supports VMs that use only Cinder volumes.

1.1.1. Cold migration

Cold migration is the default migration type. The source virtual machines are shut down while the data is copied.

1.1.2. Warm migration

Most of the data is copied during the precopy stage while the source virtual machines (VMs) are running.

Then the VMs are shut down and the remaining data is copied during the cutover stage.

Precopy stage

The VMs are not shut down during the precopy stage.

The VM disks are copied incrementally using changed block tracking (CBT) snapshots. The snapshots are created at one-hour intervals by default. You can change the snapshot interval by updating the forklift-controller deployment.

Important

You must enable CBT for each source VM and each VM disk.

A VM can support up to 28 CBT snapshots. If the source VM has too many CBT snapshots and the Migration Controller service is not able to create a new snapshot, warm migration might fail. The Migration Controller service deletes each snapshot when the snapshot is no longer required.

The precopy stage runs until the cutover stage is started manually or is scheduled to start.

Cutover stage

The VMs are shut down during the cutover stage and the remaining data is migrated. Data stored in RAM is not migrated.

You can start the cutover stage manually by using the MTV console or you can schedule a cutover time in the Migration manifest.

Chapter 2. Prerequisites

Review the following prerequisites to ensure that your environment is prepared for migration.

2.1. Software requirements

You must install compatible versions of Red Hat OpenShift and OpenShift Virtualization.

2.2. Storage support and default modes

MTV uses the following default volume and access modes for supported storage.

Table 2.1. Default volume and access modes
ProvisionerVolume modeAccess mode

kubernetes.io/aws-ebs

Block

ReadWriteOnce

kubernetes.io/azure-disk

Block

ReadWriteOnce

kubernetes.io/azure-file

Filesystem

ReadWriteMany

kubernetes.io/cinder

Block

ReadWriteOnce

kubernetes.io/gce-pd

Block

ReadWriteOnce

kubernetes.io/hostpath-provisioner

Filesystem

ReadWriteOnce

manila.csi.openstack.org

Filesystem

ReadWriteMany

openshift-storage.cephfs.csi.ceph.com

Filesystem

ReadWriteMany

openshift-storage.rbd.csi.ceph.com

Block

ReadWriteOnce

kubernetes.io/rbd

Block

ReadWriteOnce

kubernetes.io/vsphere-volume

Block

ReadWriteOnce

Note

If the OpenShift Virtualization storage does not support dynamic provisioning, you must apply the following settings:

  • Filesystem volume mode

    Filesystem volume mode is slower than Block volume mode.

  • ReadWriteOnce access mode

    ReadWriteOnce access mode does not support live virtual machine migration.

See Enabling a statically-provisioned storage class for details on editing the storage profile.

Note

If your migration uses block storage and persistent volumes created with an EXT4 file system, increase the file system overhead in CDI to be more than 10%. The default overhead that is assumed by CDI does not completely include the reserved place for the root partition. If you do not increase the file system overhead in CDI by this amount, your migration might fail.

Note

When migrating from OpenStack or running a cold-migration from RHV to the OCP cluster that MTV is deployed on, the migration allocates persistent volumes without CDI. In these cases, you might need to adjust the file system overhead.

If the configured file system overhead, which has a default value of 10%, is too low, the disk transfer will fail due to lack of space. In such a case, you would want to increase to increase the file system overhead.

In some cases, however, you might want to decrease the file system overhead to reduce storage consumption.

You can change the file system overhead by changing the value of the controller_filesystem_overhead in the spec portion of the forklift-controller CR, as described in Configuring the MTV Operator.

2.3. Network prerequisites

The following prerequisites apply to all migrations:

  • IP addresses, VLANs, and other network configuration settings must not be changed before or during migration. The MAC addresses of the virtual machines are preserved during migration.
  • The network connections between the source environment, the OpenShift Virtualization cluster, and the replication repository must be reliable and uninterrupted.
  • If you are mapping more than one source and destination network, you must create a network attachment definition for each additional destination network.

2.3.1. Ports

The firewalls must enable traffic over the following ports:

Table 2.2. Network ports required for migrating from VMware vSphere
PortProtocolSourceDestinationPurpose

443

TCP

OpenShift nodes

VMware vCenter

VMware provider inventory

Disk transfer authentication

443

TCP

OpenShift nodes

VMware ESXi hosts

Disk transfer authentication

902

TCP

OpenShift nodes

VMware ESXi hosts

Disk transfer data copy

Table 2.3. Network ports required for migrating from Red Hat Virtualization
PortProtocolSourceDestinationPurpose

443

TCP

OpenShift nodes

RHV Engine

RHV provider inventory

Disk transfer authentication

443

TCP

OpenShift nodes

RHV hosts

Disk transfer authentication

54322

TCP

OpenShift nodes

RHV hosts

Disk transfer data copy

2.4. Source virtual machine prerequisites

The following prerequisites apply to all migrations:

  • ISO/CDROM disks must be unmounted.
  • Each NIC must contain one IPv4 and/or one IPv6 address.
  • The VM operating system must be certified and supported for use as a guest operating system with OpenShift Virtualization.
  • VM names must contain only lowercase letters (a-z), numbers (0-9), or hyphens (-), up to a maximum of 253 characters. The first and last characters must be alphanumeric. The name must not contain uppercase letters, spaces, periods (.), or special characters.
  • VM names must not duplicate the name of a VM in the OpenShift Virtualization environment.

    Note

    Migration Toolkit for Virtualization automatically assigns a new name to a VM that does not comply with the rules.

    Migration Toolkit for Virtualization makes the following changes when it automatically generates a new VM name:

    • Excluded characters are removed.
    • Uppercase letters are switched to lowercase letters.
    • Any underscore (_) is changed to a dash (-).

    This feature allows a migration to proceed smoothly even if someone entered a VM name that does not follow the rules.

2.5. Red Hat Virtualization prerequisites

The following prerequisites apply to Red Hat Virtualization migrations:

  • You must use a compatible version of Red Hat Virtualization.
  • You must have the Manager CA certificate, unless it was replaced by a third-party certificate, in which case, specify the Manager Apache CA certificate.

    You can obtain the Manager CA certificate by navigating to https://<engine_host>/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA in a browser.

  • If you are migrating a virtual machine with a direct LUN disk, ensure that the nodes in the OpenShift Virtualization destination cluster that the VM is expected to run on can access the backend storage.
Note
  • Unlike disk images that are copied from a source provider to a target provider, LUNs are detached, but not removed, from virtual machines in the source provider and then attached to the virtual machines (VMs) that are created in the target provider.
  • LUNs are not removed from the source provider during the migration in case fallback to the source provider is required. However, before re-attaching the LUNs to VMs in the source provider, ensure that the LUNs are not used by VMs on the target environment at the same time, which might lead to data corruption.
  • Migration of Fibre Channel LUNs is not supported.

2.6. OpenStack prerequisites

The following prerequisites apply to OpenStack migrations:

Note

Migration using OpenStack source providers only supports VMs that use only Cinder volumes.

2.6.1. Additional authentication methods for migrations with OpenStack source providers

MTV versions 2.5 and later support the following authentication methods for migrations with OpenStack source providers in addition to the standard username and password credential set:

  • Token authentication
  • Application credential authentication

You can use these methods to migrate virtual machines with OpenStack source providers using the CLI the same way you migrate other virtual machines, except for how you prepare the Secret manifest.

2.6.1.1. Using token authentication with an OpenStack source provider

You can use token authentication, instead of username and password authentication, when you create an OpenStack source provider.

MTV supports both of the following types of token authentication:

  • Token with user ID
  • Token with user name

For each type of token authentication, you need to use data from OpenStack to create a Secret manifest.

Prerequisites

Have an OpenStack account.

Procedure

  1. In the dashboard of the OpenStack web console, click Project > API Access.
  2. Expand Download OpenStack RC file and click OpenStack RC file.

    The file that is downloaded, referred to here as <openstack_rc_file>, includes the following fields used for token authentication:

    OS_AUTH_URL
    OS_PROJECT_ID
    OS_PROJECT_NAME
    OS_DOMAIN_NAME
    OS_USERNAME
  3. To get the data needed for token authentication, run the following command:

    $ openstack token issue

    The output, referred to here as <openstack_token_output>, includes the token, userID, and projectID that you need for authentication using a token with user ID.

  4. Create a Secret manifest similar to the following:

    • For authentication using a token with user ID:

      cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
      apiVersion: v1
      kind: Secret
      metadata:
        name: openstack-secret-tokenid
        namespace: openshift-mtv
        labels:
          createdForProviderType: openstack
      type: Opaque
      stringData:
        authType: token
        token: <token_from_openstack_token_output>
        projectID: <projectID_from_openstack_token_output>
        userID: <userID_from_openstack_token_output>
        url: <OS_AUTH_URL_from_openstack_rc_file>
      EOF
    • For authentication using a token with user name:

      cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
      apiVersion: v1
      kind: Secret
      metadata:
        name: openstack-secret-tokenname
        namespace: openshift-mtv
        labels:
          createdForProviderType: openstack
      type: Opaque
      stringData:
        authType: token
        token: <token_from_openstack_token_output>
        domainName: <OS_DOMAIN_NAME_from_openstack_rc_file>
        projectName: <OS_PROJECT_NAME_from_openstack_rc_file>
        username: <OS_USERNAME_from_openstack_rc_file>
        url: <OS_AUTH_URL_from_openstack_rc_file>
      EOF
  5. Continue migrating your virtual machine according to the procedure in Migrating virtual machines, starting with step 2, "Create a Provider manifest for the source provider."
2.6.1.2. Using application credential authentication with an OpenStack source provider

You can use application credential authentication, instead of username and password authentication, when you create an OpenStack source provider.

MTV supports both of the following types of application credential authentication:

  • Application credential ID
  • Application credential name

For each type of application credential authentication, you need to use data from OpenStack to create a Secret manifest.

Prerequisites

You have an OpenStack account.

Procedure

  1. In the dashboard of the OpenStack web console, click Project > API Access.
  2. Expand Download OpenStack RC file and click OpenStack RC file.

    The file that is downloaded, referred to here as <openstack_rc_file>, includes the following fields used for application credential authentication:

    OS_AUTH_URL
    OS_PROJECT_ID
    OS_PROJECT_NAME
    OS_DOMAIN_NAME
    OS_USERNAME
  3. To get the data needed for application credential authentication, run the following command:

    $ openstack application credential create --role member --role reader --secret redhat forklift

    The output, referred to here as <openstack_credential_output>, includes:

    • The id and secret that you need for authentication using an application credential ID
    • The name and secret that you need for authentication using an application credential name
  4. Create a Secret manifest similar to the following:

    • For authentication using the application credential ID:

      cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
      apiVersion: v1
      kind: Secret
      metadata:
        name: openstack-secret-appid
        namespace: openshift-mtv
        labels:
          createdForProviderType: openstack
      type: Opaque
      stringData:
        authType: applicationcredential
        applicationCredentialID: <id_from_openstack_credential_output>
        applicationCredentialSecret: <secret_from_openstack_credential_output>
        url: <OS_AUTH_URL_from_openstack_rc_file>
      EOF
    • For authentication using the application credential name:

      cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
      apiVersion: v1
      kind: Secret
      metadata:
        name: openstack-secret-appname
        namespace: openshift-mtv
        labels:
          createdForProviderType: openstack
      type: Opaque
      stringData:
        authType: applicationcredential
        applicationCredentialName: <name_from_openstack_credential_output>
        applicationCredentialSecret: <secret_from_openstack_credential_output>
        domainName: <OS_DOMAIN_NAME_from_openstack_rc_file>
        username: <OS_USERNAME_from_openstack_rc_file>
        url: <OS_AUTH_URL_from_openstack_rc_file>
      EOF
  5. Continue migrating your virtual machine according to the procedure in Migrating virtual machines, starting with step 2, "Create a Provider manifest for the source provider."

2.7. VMware prerequisites

It is strongly recommended to create a VDDK image to accelerate migrations. For more information, see Creating a VDDK image.

The following prerequisites apply to VMware migrations:

  • You must use a compatible version of VMware vSphere.
  • You must be logged in as a user with at least the minimal set of VMware privileges.
  • You must install VMware Tools on all source virtual machines (VMs).
  • The VM operating system must be certified and supported for use as a guest operating system with OpenShift Virtualization and for conversion to KVM with virt-v2v.
  • If you are running a warm migration, you must enable changed block tracking (CBT) on the VMs and on the VM disks.
  • You must obtain the SHA-1 fingerprint of the vCenter host.
  • If you are migrating more than 10 VMs from an ESXi host in the same migration plan, you must increase the NFC service memory of the host.
  • It is strongly recommended to disable hibernation because Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) does not support migrating hibernated VMs.
Important

In the event of a power outage, data might be lost for a VM with disabled hibernation. However, if hibernation is not disabled, migration will fail

Note

Neither MTV nor OpenShift Virtualization support conversion of Btrfs for migrating VMs from VMWare.

VMware privileges

The following minimal set of VMware privileges is required to migrate virtual machines to OpenShift Virtualization with the Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV).

Table 2.4. VMware privileges
PrivilegeDescription

Virtual machine.Interaction privileges:

Virtual machine.Interaction.Power Off

Allows powering off a powered-on virtual machine. This operation powers down the guest operating system.

Virtual machine.Interaction.Power On

Allows powering on a powered-off virtual machine and resuming a suspended virtual machine.

Virtual machine.Provisioning privileges:

Note

All Virtual machine.Provisioning privileges are required.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Allow disk access

Allows opening a disk on a virtual machine for random read and write access. Used mostly for remote disk mounting.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Allow file access

Allows operations on files associated with a virtual machine, including VMX, disks, logs, and NVRAM.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Allow read-only disk access

Allows opening a disk on a virtual machine for random read access. Used mostly for remote disk mounting.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Allow virtual machine download

Allows read operations on files associated with a virtual machine, including VMX, disks, logs, and NVRAM.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Allow virtual machine files upload

Allows write operations on files associated with a virtual machine, including VMX, disks, logs, and NVRAM.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Clone template

Allows cloning of a template.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Clone virtual machine

Allows cloning of an existing virtual machine and allocation of resources.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Create template from virtual machine

Allows creation of a new template from a virtual machine.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Customize guest

Allows customization of a virtual machine’s guest operating system without moving the virtual machine.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Deploy template

Allows deployment of a virtual machine from a template.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Mark as template

Allows marking an existing powered-off virtual machine as a template.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Mark as virtual machine

Allows marking an existing template as a virtual machine.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Modify customization specification

Allows creation, modification, or deletion of customization specifications.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Promote disks

Allows promote operations on a virtual machine’s disks.

Virtual machine.Provisioning.Read customization specifications

Allows reading a customization specification.

Virtual machine.Snapshot management privileges:

Virtual machine.Snapshot management.Create snapshot

Allows creation of a snapshot from the virtual machine’s current state.

Virtual machine.Snapshot management.Remove Snapshot

Allows removal of a snapshot from the snapshot history.

2.7.1. Creating a VDDK image

The Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) uses the VMware Virtual Disk Development Kit (VDDK) SDK to accelerate transferring virtual disks from VMware vSphere. Therefore, creating a VDDK image, although optional, is highly recommended.

To make use of this feature, you download the VMware Virtual Disk Development Kit (VDDK), build a VDDK image, and push the VDDK image to your image registry.

The VDDK package contains symbolic links, therefore, the procedure of creating a VDDK image must be performed on a file system that preserves symbolic links (symlinks).

Note

Storing the VDDK image in a public registry might violate the VMware license terms.

Prerequisites

  • Red Hat OpenShift image registry.
  • podman installed.
  • You are working on a file system that preserves symbolic links (symlinks).
  • If you are using an external registry, OpenShift Virtualization must be able to access it.

Procedure

  1. Create and navigate to a temporary directory:

    $ mkdir /tmp/<dir_name> && cd /tmp/<dir_name>
  2. In a browser, navigate to the VMware VDDK version 8 download page.
  3. Select version 8.0.1 and click Download.

    Note

    In order to migrate to OpenShift Virtualization 4.12, download VDDK version 7.0.3.2 from the VMware VDDK version 7 download page.

  4. Save the VDDK archive file in the temporary directory.
  5. Extract the VDDK archive:

    $ tar -xzf VMware-vix-disklib-<version>.x86_64.tar.gz
  6. Create a Dockerfile:

    $ cat > Dockerfile <<EOF
    FROM registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal
    USER 1001
    COPY vmware-vix-disklib-distrib /vmware-vix-disklib-distrib
    RUN mkdir -p /opt
    ENTRYPOINT ["cp", "-r", "/vmware-vix-disklib-distrib", "/opt"]
    EOF
  7. Build the VDDK image:

    $ podman build . -t <registry_route_or_server_path>/vddk:<tag>
  8. Push the VDDK image to the registry:

    $ podman push <registry_route_or_server_path>/vddk:<tag>
  9. Ensure that the image is accessible to your OpenShift Virtualization environment.

2.7.2. Obtaining the SHA-1 fingerprint of a vCenter host

You must obtain the SHA-1 fingerprint of a vCenter host in order to create a Secret CR.

Procedure

  • Run the following command:

    $ openssl s_client \
        -connect <vcenter_host>:443 \ 1
        < /dev/null 2>/dev/null \
        | openssl x509 -fingerprint -noout -in /dev/stdin \
        | cut -d '=' -f 2
    1
    Specify the IP address or FQDN of the vCenter host.

    Example output

    01:23:45:67:89:AB:CD:EF:01:23:45:67:89:AB:CD:EF:01:23:45:67

2.7.3. Increasing the NFC service memory of an ESXi host

If you are migrating more than 10 VMs from an ESXi host in the same migration plan, you must increase the NFC service memory of the host. Otherwise, the migration will fail because the NFC service memory is limited to 10 parallel connections.

Procedure

  1. Log in to the ESXi host as root.
  2. Change the value of maxMemory to 1000000000 in /etc/vmware/hostd/config.xml:

    ...
          <nfcsvc>
             <path>libnfcsvc.so</path>
             <enabled>true</enabled>
             <maxMemory>1000000000</maxMemory>
             <maxStreamMemory>10485760</maxStreamMemory>
          </nfcsvc>
    ...
  3. Restart hostd:

    # /etc/init.d/hostd restart

    You do not need to reboot the host.

2.8. Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) prerequisites

The following prerequisites apply to Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) file migrations:

  • All OVA files are created by VMware vSphere.
Note

Migration of OVA files that were not created by VMware vSphere but are compatible with vSphere might succeed. However, migration of such files is not supported by MTV. MTV supports only OVA files created by VMware vSphere.

  • The OVA files are in one or more folders under an NFS shared directory in one of the following structures:

    • In one or more compressed Open Virtualization Format (OVF) packages that hold all the VM information.

      The filename of each compressed package must have the .ova extension. Several compressed packages can be stored in the same folder.

      When this structure is used, MTV scans the root folder and the first-level subfolders for compressed packages.

      For example, if the NFS share is, /nfs, then:
      The folder /nfs is scanned.
      The folder /nfs/subfolder1 is scanned.
      But, /nfs/subfolder1/subfolder2 is not scanned.

    • In extracted OVF packages.

      When this structure is used, MTV scans the root folder, first-level subfolders, and second-level subfolders for extracted OVF packages. However, there can be only one .ovf file in a folder. Otherwise, the migration will fail.

      For example, if the NFS share is, /nfs, then:
      The OVF file /nfs/vm.ovf is scanned.
      The OVF file /nfs/subfolder1/vm.ovf is scanned.
      The OVF file /nfs/subfolder1/subfolder2/vm.ovf is scanned.
      But, the OVF file /nfs/subfolder1/subfolder2/subfolder3/vm.ovf is not scanned.

2.9. Software compatibility guidelines

You must install compatible software versions.

Table 2.5. Compatible software versions
Migration Toolkit for VirtualizationRed Hat OpenShiftOpenShift VirtualizationVMware vSphereRed Hat VirtualizationOpenStack

2.5.7

4.12 or later

4.12 or later

6.5 or later

4.4 SP1 or later

16.1 or later

Migration from Red Hat Virtualization 4.3

MTV 2.5 was tested only with Red Hat Virtualization (RHV) 4.4 SP1. Migration from Red Hat Virtualization (RHV) 4.3 has not been tested with MTV 2.5.

As RHV 4.3 lacks the improvements that were introduced in RHV 4.4 for MTV, and new features were not tested with RHV 4.3, migrations from RHV 4.3 may not function at the same level as migrations from RHV 4.4, with some functionality may be missing.

Therefore, it is recommended to upgrade RHV to the supported version above before the migration to OpenShift Virtualization.

However, migrations from RHV 4.3.11 were tested with MTV 2.3, and may work in practice in many environments using MTV 2.5. In this case, we advise upgrading Red Hat Virtualization Manager (RHVM) to the previously mentioned supported version before the migration to OpenShift Virtualization.

Note

Deployment of MTV 2.5.3 and later is enabled on OpenShift Kubernetes Engine (OKE). For more information, see About OpenShift Kubernetes Engine.

2.9.1. OpenShift Operator Life Cycles

For more information about the software maintenance Life Cycle classifications for Operators shipped by Red Hat for use with OpenShift Container Platform, see OpenShift Operator Life Cycles.

Chapter 3. Installing and configuring the MTV Operator

You can install the MTV Operator by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console or the command line interface (CLI).

In Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) version 2.4 and later, the MTV Operator includes the MTV plugin for the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

After you install the MTV Operator by using either the Red Hat OpenShift web console or the CLI, you can configure the Operator.

3.1. Installing the MTV Operator by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console

You can install the MTV Operator by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Prerequisites

  • Red Hat OpenShift 4.12 or later installed.
  • OpenShift Virtualization Operator installed on an OpenShift migration target cluster.
  • You must be logged in as a user with cluster-admin permissions.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click OperatorsOperatorHub.
  2. Use the Filter by keyword field to search for mtv-operator.
  3. Click Migration Toolkit for Virtualization Operator and then click Install.
  4. Click Create ForkliftController when the button becomes active.
  5. Click Create.

    Your ForkliftController appears in the list that is displayed.

  6. Click WorkloadsPods to verify that the MTV pods are running.
  7. Click OperatorsInstalled Operators to verify that Migration Toolkit for Virtualization Operator appears in the openshift-mtv project with the status Succeeded.

    When the plugin is ready you will be prompted to reload the page. The Migration menu item is automatically added to the navigation bar, displayed on the left of the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

3.2. Installing the MTV Operator from the command line interface

You can install the MTV Operator from the command line interface (CLI).

Prerequisites

  • Red Hat OpenShift 4.12 or later installed.
  • OpenShift Virtualization Operator installed on an OpenShift migration target cluster.
  • You must be logged in as a user with cluster-admin permissions.

Procedure

  1. Create the openshift-mtv project:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: project.openshift.io/v1
    kind: Project
    metadata:
      name: openshift-mtv
    EOF
  2. Create an OperatorGroup CR called migration:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1
    kind: OperatorGroup
    metadata:
      name: migration
      namespace: openshift-mtv
    spec:
      targetNamespaces:
        - openshift-mtv
    EOF
  3. Create a Subscription CR for the Operator:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1
    kind: Subscription
    metadata:
      name: mtv-operator
      namespace: openshift-mtv
    spec:
      channel: release-v2.5
      installPlanApproval: Automatic
      name: mtv-operator
      source: redhat-operators
      sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace
      startingCSV: "mtv-operator.v2.5.7"
    EOF
  4. Create a ForkliftController CR:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: ForkliftController
    metadata:
      name: forklift-controller
      namespace: openshift-mtv
    spec:
      olm_managed: true
    EOF
  5. Verify that the MTV pods are running:

    $ oc get pods -n openshift-mtv

    Example output

    NAME                                                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
    forklift-api-bb45b8db4-cpzlg                            1/1     Running   0          6m34s
    forklift-controller-7649db6845-zd25p                    2/2     Running   0          6m38s
    forklift-must-gather-api-78fb4bcdf6-h2r4m               1/1     Running   0          6m28s
    forklift-operator-59c87cfbdc-pmkfc                      1/1     Running   0          28m
    forklift-ui-plugin-5c5564f6d6-zpd85                     1/1     Running   0          6m24s
    forklift-validation-7d84c74c6f-fj9xg                    1/1     Running   0          6m30s
    forklift-volume-populator-controller-85d5cb64b6-mrlmc   1/1     Running   0          6m36s

3.3. Configuring the MTV Operator

You can configure the following settings of the MTV Operator using either the CLI or the user interface.

  • Maximum number of virtual machines (VMs) per plan that can be migrated simultaneously
  • How long must gather reports are retained before being automatically deleted
  • CPU limit allocated to the main controller container
  • Memory limit allocated to the main controller container
  • Interval at which a new snapshot is requested before initiating a warm migration
  • Frequency with which the system checks the status of snapshot creation or removal during a warm migration
  • Percentage of space in persistent volumes allocated as file system overhead when the storageclass is filesystem (CLI only)

These settings are configured by changing the default of the appropriate parameter in the spec part of the forklift-controller CR.

The procedure for configuring these settings using the user interface is presented in Configuring MTV settings. The procedure for configuring these settings using the CLI is presented following.

Procedure

  • Change a parameter’s value in the spec portion of the forklift-controller CR by adding the label and value as follows:
spec:
  label: value 1
1
Labels you can configure using the CLI are shown in the table that follows, along with a description of each label and its default value.
Table 3.1. MTV Operator labels
LabelDescriptionDefault value

controller_max_vm_inflight

The maximum number of VMs per plan that can be migrated simultaneously.

20

must_gather_api_cleanup_max_age

The duration in hours for retaining must gather reports before they are automatically deleted.

-1 (disabled)

controller_container_limits_cpu

The CPU limit allocated to the main controller container.

500m

controller_container_limits_memory

The memory limit allocated to the main controller container.

800Mi

controller_precopy_interval

The interval in minutes at which a new snapshot is requested before initiating a warm migration.

60

controller_snapshot_status_check_rate_seconds

The frequency in seconds with which the system checks the status of snapshot creation or removal during a warm migration.

10

controller_filesystem_overhead

Percentage of space in persistent volumes allocated as file system overhead when the storageclass is filesystem. Note, this setting can only be changed using the CLI.

10

controller_block_overhead

Fixed amount of additional space allocated in persistent block volumes. This setting is applicable for any storageclass that is block-based. It can be used when data, such as encryption headers, is written to the persistent volumes in addition to the content of the virtual disk. Note, this setting can only be changed using the CLI.

0

Chapter 4. Migrating virtual machines by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console

You can migrate virtual machines (VMs) to OpenShift Virtualization by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Important

You must ensure that all prerequisites are met.

VMware only: You must have the minimal set of VMware privileges.

VMware only: Creating a VMware Virtual Disk Development Kit (VDDK) image will increase migration speed.

4.1. The MTV user interface

The Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) user interface is integrated into the OpenShift web console.

In the left-hand panel, you can choose a page related to a component of the migration progress, for example, Providers for Migration, or, if you are an administrator, you can choose Overview, which contains information about migrations and lets you configure MTV settings.

Figure 4.1. MTV extension interface

MTV user interface

In pages related to components, you can click on the Projects list, which is in the upper-left portion of the page, and see which projects (namespaces) you are allowed to work with.

  • If you are an administrator, you can see all projects.
  • If you are a non-administrator, you can see only the projects that you have permissions to work with.

4.2. The MTV Overview page

The Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) Overview page displays system-wide information about migrations and a list of Settings you can change.

If you have Administrator privileges, you can access the Overview page by clicking MigrationOverview in the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

The Overview page displays the following information:

  • Migrations: The number of migrations performed using MTV:

    • Total
    • Running
    • Failed
    • Succeeded
    • Canceled
  • Virtual Machine Migrations: The number of VMs migrated using MTV:

    • Total
    • Running
    • Failed
    • Succeeded
    • Canceled
  • Operator: The namespace on which the MTV Operator is deployed and the status of the Operator.
  • Conditions: Status of the MTV Operator:

    • Failure: Last failure. False indicates no failure since deployment.
    • Running: Whether the Operator is currently running and waiting for the next reconciliation.
    • Successful: Last successful reconciliation.

4.3. Configuring MTV settings

If you have Administrator privileges, you can access the Overview page and change the following settings in it:

Table 4.1. MTV settings
SettingDescriptionDefault value

Max concurrent virtual machine migrations

The maximum number of VMs per plan that can be migrated simultaneously

20

Must gather cleanup after (hours)

The duration for retaining must gather reports before they are automatically deleted

Disabled

Controller main container CPU limit

The CPU limit allocated to the main controller container

500 m

Controller main container Memory limit

The memory limit allocated to the main controller container

800 Mi

Precopy internal (minutes)

The interval at which a new snapshot is requested before initiating a warm migration

60

Snapshot polling interval (seconds)

The frequency with which the system checks the status of snapshot creation or removal during a warm migration

10

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationOverview. The Settings list is on the right-hand side of the page.
  2. In the Settings list, click the Edit icon of the setting you want to change.
  3. Choose a setting from the list.
  4. Click Save.

4.4. Adding providers

You can add source providers and destination providers for a virtual machine migration by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

4.4.1. Adding source providers

You can use MTV to migrate VMs from the following source providers:

  • VMware vSphere
  • Red Hat Virtualization
  • OpenStack
  • Open Virtual Appliances (OVAs) that were created by VMware vSphere
  • OpenShift Virtualization

You can add a source provider by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

4.4.1.1. Adding a VMware vSphere source provider

You can add a VMware vSphere source provider by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Important

EMS enforcement is disabled for migrations with VMware vSphere source providers in order to enable migrations from versions of vSphere that are supported by Migration Toolkit for Virtualization but do not comply with the 2023 FIPS requirements. Therefore, users should consider whether migrations from vSphere source providers risk their compliance with FIPS. Supported versions of vSphere are specified in Software compatibility guidelines.

Prerequisites

  • VMware Virtual Disk Development Kit (VDDK) image in a secure registry that is accessible to all clusters.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationProviders for virtualization.
  2. Click Create Provider.
  3. Click vSphere.
  4. Specify the following fields:

    • Provider resource name: Name of the source provider.
    • URL: URL of the SDK endpoint of the vCenter on which the source VM is mounted. Ensure that the URL includes the sdk path, usually /sdk. For example, https://vCenter-host-example.com/sdk. If a certificate for FQDN is specified, the value of this field needs to match the FQDN in the certificate.
    • VDDK init image: VDDKInitImage path. It is strongly recommended to create a VDDK init image to accelerate migrations. For more information, see Creating a VDDK image.
    • Username: vCenter user. For example, user@vsphere.local.
    • Password: vCenter user password.
    • SHA-1 fingerprint: The provider currently requires the SHA-1 fingerprint of the vCenter Server’s TLS certificate in all circumstances. vSphere calls this the server’s thumbprint.
  5. Choose one of the following options for validating CA certificates:

    • Skip certificate validation : Migrate without validating a CA certificate.
    • Use the system CA certificates: Migrate after validating the system CA certificates.

      1. To skip certificate validation, select the Skip certificate validation check box.
      2. To validate the system CA certificates, leave the Skip certificate validation check box cleared.
  6. Click Create to add and save the provider.

    The provider appears in the list of providers.

4.4.1.2. Adding a Red Hat Virtualization source provider

You can add a Red Hat Virtualization source provider by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Prerequisites

  • Manager CA certificate, unless it was replaced by a third-party certificate, in which case, specify the Manager Apache CA certificate

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationProviders for virtualization.
  2. Click Create Provider.
  3. Click Red Hat Virtualization
  4. Specify the following fields:

    • Provider resource name: Name of the source provider.
    • URL: URL of the API endpoint of the Red Hat Virtualization Manager (RHVM) on which the source VM is mounted. Ensure that the URL includes the path leading to the RHVM API server, usually /ovirt-engine/api. For example, https://rhv-host-example.com/ovirt-engine/api.
    • Username: Username.
    • Password: Password.
  5. Choose one of the following options for validating CA certificates:

    • Skip certificate validation : Migrate without validating a CA certificate.
    • Use a custom CA certificate: Migrate after validating a custom CA certificate.

      1. To skip certificate validation, select the Skip certificate validation check box.
      2. To validate a custom CA certificate, leave the Skip certificate validation check box cleared and either drag the CA certificate to the text box or browse for it and click Select.
  6. Click Create to add and save the provider.

    The provider appears in the list of providers.

4.4.1.3. Adding an OpenStack source provider

You can add an OpenStack source provider by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Note

Migration using OpenStack source providers only supports VMs that use only Cinder volumes.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationProviders for virtualization.
  2. Click Create Provider.
  3. Click OpenStack.
  4. Specify the following fields:

    • Provider resource name: Name of the source provider.
    • URL: URL of the OpenStack Identity (Keystone) endpoint. For example, http://controller:5000/v3.
    • Authentication type: Choose one of the following methods of authentication and supply the information related to your choice. For example, if you choose Application credential ID as the authentication type, the Application credential ID and the Application credential secret fields become active, and you need to supply the ID and the secret.

      • Application credential ID

      • Application credential name

        • Application credential name: OpenStack application credential name
        • Application credential secret: : OpenStack application credential Secret
        • Username: OpenStack username
        • Domain: OpenStack domain name
      • Token with user ID

        • Token: OpenStack token
        • User ID: OpenStack user ID
        • Project ID: OpenStack project ID
      • Token with user Name

        • Token: OpenStack token
        • Username: OpenStack username
        • Project: OpenStack project
        • Domain name: OpenStack domain name
      • Password

        • Username: OpenStack username
        • Password: OpenStack password
        • Project: OpenStack project
        • Domain: OpenStack domain name
  5. Choose one of the following options for validating CA certificates:

    • Skip certificate validation : Migrate without validating a CA certificate.
    • Use a custom CA certificate: Migrate after validating a custom CA certificate.

      1. To skip certificate validation, select the Skip certificate validation check box.
      2. To validate a custom CA certificate, leave the Skip certificate validation check box cleared and either drag the CA certificate to the text box or browse for it and click Select.
  6. Click Create to add and save the provider.

    The provider appears in the list of providers.

4.4.1.4. Adding an Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) source provider

You can add Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) files that were created by VMware vSphere as a source provider by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Migration using one or more Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) files as a source provider is a Technology Preview.

Important

Migration using one or more Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) files as a source provider is a Technology Preview feature only. Technology Preview features are not supported with Red Hat production service level agreements (SLAs) and might not be functionally complete. Red Hat does not recommend using them in production. These features provide early access to upcoming product features, enabling customers to test functionality and provide feedback during the development process.

For more information about the support scope of Red Hat Technology Preview features, see https://access.redhat.com/support/offerings/techpreview/.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationProviders for virtualization.
  2. Click Create Provider.
  3. Click Open Virtual Appliance (OVA).
  4. Specify the following fields:

    • Provider resource name: Name of the source provider
    • URL: URL of the NFS file share that serves the OVA
  5. Click Create to add and save the provider.

    The provider appears in the list of providers.

    Note

    An error message might appear that states that an error has occurred. You can ignore this message.

4.4.1.5. Adding a Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization source provider

You can use a Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization provider as both a source provider and destination provider.

Specifically, the host cluster that is automatically added as a OpenShift Virtualization provider can be used as both a source provider and a destination provider.

You can migrate VMs from the cluster that MTV is deployed on to another cluster, or from a remote cluster to the cluster that MTV is deployed on.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationProviders for virtualization.
  2. Click Create Provider.
  3. Click OpenShift Virtualization.
  4. Specify the following fields:

    • Provider resource name: Name of the source provider
    • URL: URL of the endpoint of the API server
    • Service account bearer token: Token for a service account with cluster-admin privileges

      If both URL and Service account bearer token are left blank, the local OpenShift cluster is used.

  5. Click Create to add and save the provider.

    The provider appears in the list of providers.

4.4.2. Adding destination providers

You can add a OpenShift Virtualization destination provider by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

4.4.2.1. Adding an OpenShift Virtualization destination provider

You can use a Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization provider as both a source provider and destination provider.

Specifically, the host cluster that is automatically added as a OpenShift Virtualization provider can be used as both a source provider and a destination provider.

You can also add another OpenShift Virtualization destination provider to the Red Hat OpenShift web console in addition to the default OpenShift Virtualization destination provider, which is the cluster where you installed MTV.

You can migrate VMs from the cluster that MTV is deployed on to another cluster, or from a remote cluster to the cluster that MTV is deployed on.

Prerequisites

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationProviders for virtualization.
  2. Click Create Provider.
  3. Click OpenShift Virtualization.
  4. Specify the following fields:

    • Provider resource name: Name of the source provider
    • URL: URL of the endpoint of the API server
    • Service account bearer token: Token for a service account with cluster-admin privileges

      If both URL and Service account bearer token are left blank, the local OpenShift cluster is used.

  5. Click Create to add and save the provider.

    The provider appears in the list of providers.

4.4.2.2. Selecting a migration network for an OpenShift Virtualization provider

You can select a default migration network for an OpenShift Virtualization provider in the Red Hat OpenShift web console to improve performance. The default migration network is used to transfer disks to the namespaces in which it is configured.

If you do not select a migration network, the default migration network is the pod network, which might not be optimal for disk transfer.

Note

You can override the default migration network of the provider by selecting a different network when you create a migration plan.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationProviders for virtualization.
  2. On the right side of the provider, select Select migration network from the Options menu kebab .
  3. Select a network from the list of available networks and click Select.

4.5. Creating a network mapping

You can create one or more network mappings by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console to map source networks to OpenShift Virtualization networks.

Prerequisites

  • Source and target providers added to the Red Hat OpenShift web console.
  • If you map more than one source and target network, each additional OpenShift Virtualization network requires its own network attachment definition.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationNetworkMaps for virtualization.
  2. Click Create NetworkMap.
  3. Specify the following fields:

    • Name: Enter a name to display in the network mappings list.
    • Source provider: Select a source provider.
    • Target provider: Select a target provider.
  4. Select a Source network and a Target namespace/network.
  5. Optional: Click Add to create additional network mappings or to map multiple source networks to a single target network.
  6. If you create an additional network mapping, select the network attachment definition as the target network.
  7. Click Create.

    The network mapping is displayed on the NetworkMaps screen.

4.6. Creating a storage mapping

You can create a storage mapping by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console to map source disk storages to OpenShift Virtualization storage classes.

Prerequisites

  • Source and target providers added to the Red Hat OpenShift web console.
  • Local and shared persistent storage that support VM migration.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationStorageMaps for virtualization.
  2. Click Create StorageMap.
  3. Specify the following fields:

    • Name: Enter a name to display in the storage mappings list.
    • Source provider: Select a source provider.
    • Target provider: Select a target provider.
  4. To create a storage mapping, click Add and map storage sources to target storage classes as follows:

    1. If your source provider is VMware vSphere, select a Source datastore and a Target storage class.
    2. If your source provider is Red Hat Virtualization, select a Source storage domain and a Target storage class.
    3. If your source provider is OpenStack, select a Source volume type and a Target storage class.
    4. If your source provider is a set of one or more OVA files, select a Source and a Target storage class for the dummy storage that applies to all virtual disks within the OVA files.
    5. If your storage provider is OpenShift Virtualization. select a Source storage class and a Target storage class.
    6. Optional: Click Add to create additional storage mappings, including mapping multiple storage sources to a single target storage class.
  5. Click Create.

    The mapping is displayed on the StorageMaps page.

4.7. Creating a migration plan

You can create a migration plan by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

A migration plan allows you to group virtual machines to be migrated together or with the same migration parameters, for example, a percentage of the members of a cluster or a complete application.

You can configure a hook to run an Ansible playbook or custom container image during a specified stage of the migration plan.

Prerequisites

  • If MTV is not installed on the target cluster, you must add a target provider on the Providers page of the web console.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationPlans for virtualization.
  2. Click Create plan.
  3. Specify the following fields:

    • Plan name: Enter a migration plan name to display in the migration plan list.
    • Plan description: Optional: Brief description of the migration plan.
    • Source provider: Select a source provider.
    • Target provider: Select a target provider.
    • Target namespace: Do one of the following:

      • Select a target namespace from the list
      • Create a target namespace by typing its name in the text box, and then clicking create "<the_name_you_entered>"
    • You can change the migration transfer network for this plan by clicking Select a different network, selecting a network from the list, and then clicking Select.

      If you defined a migration transfer network for the OpenShift Virtualization provider and if the network is in the target namespace, the network that you defined is the default network for all migration plans. Otherwise, the pod network is used.

  4. Click Next.
  5. Select options to filter the list of source VMs and click Next.
  6. Select the VMs to migrate and then click Next.
  7. Select an existing network mapping or create a new network mapping.
  8. . Optional: Click Add to add an additional network mapping.

    To create a new network mapping:

    • Select a target network for each source network.
    • Optional: Select Save current mapping as a template and enter a name for the network mapping.
  9. Click Next.
  10. Select an existing storage mapping, which you can modify, or create a new storage mapping.

    To create a new storage mapping:

    1. If your source provider is VMware, select a Source datastore and a Target storage class.
    2. If your source provider is Red Hat Virtualization, select a Source storage domain and a Target storage class.
    3. If your source provider is OpenStack, select a Source volume type and a Target storage class.
  11. Optional: Select Save current mapping as a template and enter a name for the storage mapping.
  12. Click Next.
  13. Select a migration type and click Next.

    • Cold migration: The source VMs are stopped while the data is copied.
    • Warm migration: The source VMs run while the data is copied incrementally. Later, you will run the cutover, which stops the VMs and copies the remaining VM data and metadata.

      Note

      Warm migration is supported only from vSphere and Red Hat Virtualization.

  14. Click Next.
  15. Optional: You can create a migration hook to run an Ansible playbook before or after migration:

    1. Click Add hook.
    2. Select the Step when the hook will be run: pre-migration or post-migration.
    3. Select a Hook definition:

      • Ansible playbook: Browse to the Ansible playbook or paste it into the field.
      • Custom container image: If you do not want to use the default hook-runner image, enter the image path: <registry_path>/<image_name>:<tag>.

        Note

        The registry must be accessible to your Red Hat OpenShift cluster.

  16. Click Next.
  17. Review your migration plan and click Finish.

    The migration plan is saved on the Plans page.

    You can click the Options menu kebab of the migration plan and select View details to verify the migration plan details.

4.8. Running a migration plan

You can run a migration plan and view its progress in the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Prerequisites

  • Valid migration plan.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationPlans for virtualization.

    The Plans list displays the source and target providers, the number of virtual machines (VMs) being migrated, the status, and the description of each plan.

  2. Click Start beside a migration plan to start the migration.
  3. Click Start in the confirmation window that opens.

    The Migration details by VM screen opens, displaying the migration’s progress

    Warm migration only:

    • The precopy stage starts.
    • Click Cutover to complete the migration.
  4. If the migration fails:

    1. Click Get logs to retrieve the migration logs.
    2. Click Get logs in the confirmation window that opens.
    3. Wait until Get logs changes to Download logs and then click the button to download the logs.
  5. Click a migration’s Status, whether it failed or succeeded or is still ongoing, to view the details of the migration.

    The Migration details by VM screen opens, displaying the start and end times of the migration, the amount of data copied, and a progress pipeline for each VM being migrated.

  6. Expand an individual VM to view its steps and the elapsed time and state of each step.

4.9. Migration plan options

On the Plans for virtualization page of the Red Hat OpenShift web console, you can click the Options menu kebab beside a migration plan to access the following options:

  • Get logs: Retrieves the logs of a migration. When you click Get logs, a confirmation window opens. After you click Get logs in the window, wait until Get logs changes to Download logs and then click the button to download the logs.
  • Edit: Edit the details of a migration plan. You cannot edit a migration plan while it is running or after it has completed successfully.
  • Duplicate: Create a new migration plan with the same virtual machines (VMs), parameters, mappings, and hooks as an existing plan. You can use this feature for the following tasks:

    • Migrate VMs to a different namespace.
    • Edit an archived migration plan.
    • Edit a migration plan with a different status, for example, failed, canceled, running, critical, or ready.
  • Archive: Delete the logs, history, and metadata of a migration plan. The plan cannot be edited or restarted. It can only be viewed.

    Note

    The Archive option is irreversible. However, you can duplicate an archived plan.

  • Delete: Permanently remove a migration plan. You cannot delete a running migration plan.

    Note

    The Delete option is irreversible.

    Deleting a migration plan does not remove temporary resources such as importer pods, conversion pods, config maps, secrets, failed VMs, and data volumes. (BZ#2018974) You must archive a migration plan before deleting it in order to clean up the temporary resources.

  • View details: Display the details of a migration plan.
  • Restart: Restart a failed or canceled migration plan.
  • Cancel scheduled cutover: Cancel a scheduled cutover migration for a warm migration plan.

4.10. Canceling a migration

You can cancel the migration of some or all virtual machines (VMs) while a migration plan is in progress by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click Plans for virtualization.
  2. Click the name of a running migration plan to view the migration details.
  3. Select one or more VMs and click Cancel.
  4. Click Yes, cancel to confirm the cancellation.

    In the Migration details by VM list, the status of the canceled VMs is Canceled. The unmigrated and the migrated virtual machines are not affected.

You can restart a canceled migration by clicking Restart beside the migration plan on the Migration plans page.

Chapter 5. Migrating virtual machines from the command line

You can migrate virtual machines to OpenShift Virtualization from the command line.

Important

5.1. Permissions needed by non-administrators to work with migration plan components

If you are an administrator, you can work with all components of migration plans (for example, providers, network mappings, and migration plans).

By default, non-administrators have limited ability to work with migration plans and their components. As an administrator, you can modify their roles to allow them full access to all components, or you can give them limited permissions.

For example, administrators can assign non-administrators one or more of the following cluster roles for migration plans:

Table 5.1. Example migration plan roles and their privileges
RoleDescription

plans.forklift.konveyor.io-v1beta1-view

Can view migration plans but not to create, delete or modify them

plans.forklift.konveyor.io-v1beta1-edit

Can create, delete or modify (all parts of edit permissions) individual migration plans

plans.forklift.konveyor.io-v1beta1-admin

All edit privileges and the ability to delete the entire collection of migration plans

Note that pre-defined cluster roles include a resource (for example, plans), an API group (for example, forklift.konveyor.io-v1beta1) and an action (for example, view, edit).

As a more comprehensive example, you can grant non-administrators the following set of permissions per namespace:

  • Create and modify storage maps, network maps, and migration plans for the namespaces they have access to
  • Attach providers created by administrators to storage maps, network maps, and migration plans
  • Not be able to create providers or to change system settings
Table 5.2. Example permissions required for non-adminstrators to work with migration plan components but not create providers
ActionsAPI groupResource

get, list, watch, create, update, patch, delete

forklift.konveyer.io

plans

get, list, watch, create, update, patch, delete

forklift.konveyer.io

migrations

get, list, watch, create, update, patch, delete

forklift.konveyer.io

hooks

get, list, watch

forklift.konveyer.io

providers

get, list, watch, create, update, patch, delete

forklift.konveyer.io

networkmaps

get, list, watch, create, update, patch, delete

forklift.konveyer.io

storagemaps

get, list, watch

forklift.konveyer.io

forkliftcontrollers

Note

Non-administrators need to have the create permissions that are part of edit roles for network maps and for storage maps to create migration plans, even when using a template for a network map or a storage map.

5.2. Retrieving a VMware vSphere moRef

When you migrate VMs with a VMware vSphere source provider using Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) from the CLI, you need to know the managed object reference (moRef) of certain entities in vSphere, such as datastores, networks, and VMs.

You can retrieve the moRef of one or more vSphere entities from the Inventory service. You can then use each moRef as a reference for retrieving the moRef of another entity.

Procedure

  1. Retrieve the routes for the project:

    oc get route -n openshift-mtv
  2. Retrieve the Inventory service route:

    $ oc get route <inventory_service> -n openshift-mtv
  3. Retrieve the access token:

    $ TOKEN=$(oc whoami -t)
  4. Retrieve the moRef of a VMware vSphere provider:

    $ curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"  https://<inventory_service_route>/providers/vsphere -k
  5. Retrieve the datastores of a VMware vSphere source provider:

    $ curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"  https://<inventory_service_route>/providers/vsphere/<provider id>/datastores/ -k

    Example output

    [
      {
        "id": "datastore-11",
        "parent": {
          "kind": "Folder",
          "id": "group-s5"
        },
        "path": "/Datacenter/datastore/v2v_general_porpuse_ISCSI_DC",
        "revision": 46,
        "name": "v2v_general_porpuse_ISCSI_DC",
        "selfLink": "providers/vsphere/01278af6-e1e4-4799-b01b-d5ccc8dd0201/datastores/datastore-11"
      },
      {
        "id": "datastore-730",
        "parent": {
          "kind": "Folder",
          "id": "group-s5"
        },
        "path": "/Datacenter/datastore/f01-h27-640-SSD_2",
        "revision": 46,
        "name": "f01-h27-640-SSD_2",
        "selfLink": "providers/vsphere/01278af6-e1e4-4799-b01b-d5ccc8dd0201/datastores/datastore-730"
      },
     ...

In this example, the moRef of the datastore v2v_general_porpuse_ISCSI_DC is datastore-11 and the moRef of the datastore f01-h27-640-SSD_2 is datastore-730.

5.3. Migrating virtual machines

You migrate virtual machines (VMs) from the command line (CLI) by creating MTV custom resources (CRs).

Important

You must specify a name for cluster-scoped CRs.

You must specify both a name and a namespace for namespace-scoped CRs.

Migration using one or more Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) files as a source provider is a Technology Preview.

Important

Migration using one or more Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) files as a source provider is a Technology Preview feature only. Technology Preview features are not supported with Red Hat production service level agreements (SLAs) and might not be functionally complete. Red Hat does not recommend using them in production. These features provide early access to upcoming product features, enabling customers to test functionality and provide feedback during the development process.

For more information about the support scope of Red Hat Technology Preview features, see https://access.redhat.com/support/offerings/techpreview/.

Note

Migration using OpenStack source providers only supports VMs that use only Cinder volumes.

Prerequisites

  • VMware only: You must have a VMware Virtual Disk Development Kit (VDDK) image in a secure registry that is accessible to all clusters.
  • Red Hat Virtualization (RHV) only: If you are migrating a virtual machine with a direct LUN disk, ensure that the nodes in the OpenShift Virtualization destination cluster that the VM is expected to run on can access the backend storage.
Note
  • Unlike disk images that are copied from a source provider to a target provider, LUNs are detached, but not removed, from virtual machines in the source provider and then attached to the virtual machines (VMs) that are created in the target provider.
  • LUNs are not removed from the source provider during the migration in case fallback to the source provider is required. However, before re-attaching the LUNs to VMs in the source provider, ensure that the LUNs are not used by VMs on the target environment at the same time, which might lead to data corruption.
  • Migration of Fibre Channel LUNs is not supported.

Procedure

  1. Create a Secret manifest for the source provider credentials:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Secret
    metadata:
      name: <secret>
      namespace: <namespace>
      ownerReferences: 1
        - apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
          kind: Provider
          name: <provider_name>
          uid: <provider_uid>
      labels:
        createdForProviderType: <provider_type> 2
        createdForResourceType: providers
    type: Opaque
    stringData: 3
      user: <user> 4
      password: <password> 5
      insecureSkipVerify: <true/false> 6
      domainName: <domain_name> 7
      projectName: <project_name> 8
      regionName: <region name> 9
      cacert: | 10
        <ca_certificate>
      url: <api_end_point> 11
      thumbprint: <vcenter_fingerprint> 12
      token: <service_account_bearer_token> 13
    EOF
    1
    The ownerReferences section is optional.
    2
    Specify the type of source provider. Allowed values are ovirt, vsphere, openstack, ova, and openshift. This label is needed to verify the credentials are correct when the remote system is accessible and, for RHV, to retrieve the Manager CA certificate when a third-party certificate is specified.
    3
    The stringData section for OVA is different and is described in a note that follows the description of the Secret manifest.
    4
    Specify the vCenter user, the RHV Manager user, or the OpenStack user.
    5
    Specify the user password.
    6
    Specify <true> to skip certificate verification, which proceeds with an insecure migration and then the certificate is not required. Insecure migration means that the transferred data is sent over an insecure connection and potentially sensitive data could be exposed. Specifying <false> verifies the certificate.
    7
    OpenStack only: Specify the domain name.
    8
    OpenStack only: Specify the project name.
    9
    OpenStack only: Specify the name of the OpenStack region.
    10
    RHV and OpenStack only: For RHV, enter the Manager CA certificate unless it was replaced by a third-party certificate, in which case, enter the Manager Apache CA certificate. You can retrieve the Manager CA certificate at https://<engine_host>/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA. For OpenStack, enter the CA certificate for connecting to the source environment. The certificate is not used when insecureSkipVerify is set to <true>.
    11
    Specify the API end point URL, for example, https://<vCenter_host>/sdk for vSphere, https://<engine_host>/ovirt-engine/api for RHV, or https://<identity_service>/v3 for OpenStack.
    12
    VMware only: Specify the vCenter SHA-1 fingerprint.
    13
    OpenShift only: Token for a service account with cluster-admin privileges.
    Note

    The stringData section for an OVA Secret manifest is as follows:

    stringData:
      url: <nfs_server:/nfs_path>

    where:
    nfs_server: An IP or hostname of the server where the share was created.
    nfs_path : The path on the server where the OVA files are stored.

  2. Create a Provider manifest for the source provider:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: Provider
    metadata:
      name: <source_provider>
      namespace: <namespace>
    spec:
      type: <provider_type> 1
      url: <api_end_point> 2
      settings:
        vddkInitImage: <registry_route_or_server_path>/vddk:<tag> 3
      secret:
        name: <secret> 4
        namespace: <namespace>
    EOF
    1
    Specify the type of source provider. Allowed values are ovirt, vsphere, openstack, ova, and openshift.
    2
    Specify the API end point URL, for example, https://<vCenter_host>/sdk for vSphere, https://<engine_host>/ovirt-engine/api for RHV, or https://<identity_service>/v3 for OpenStack.
    3
    VMware only: Specify the VDDK image that you created.
    4
    Specify the name of provider Secret CR.
  3. VMware only: Create a Host manifest:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: Host
    metadata:
      name: <vmware_host>
      namespace: <namespace>
    spec:
      provider:
        namespace: <namespace>
        name: <source_provider> 1
      id: <source_host_mor> 2
      ipAddress: <source_network_ip> 3
    EOF
    1
    Specify the name of the VMware Provider CR.
    2
    Specify the managed object reference (moRef) of the VMware host. To retrieve the moRef, see Retrieving a VMware vSphere moRef.
    3
    Specify the IP address of the VMware migration network.
  4. Create a NetworkMap manifest to map the source and destination networks:

    $  cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: NetworkMap
    metadata:
      name: <network_map>
      namespace: <namespace>
    spec:
      map:
        - destination:
            name: <network_name>
            type: pod 1
          source: 2
            id: <source_network_id> 3
            name: <source_network_name>
        - destination:
            name: <network_attachment_definition> 4
            namespace: <network_attachment_definition_namespace> 5
            type: multus
          source:
            name: <network_attachment_definition> 6
            namespace: <network_attachment_definition_namespace> 7
            type: multus 8
      provider:
        source:
          name: <source_provider>
          namespace: <namespace>
        destination:
          name: <destination_provider>
          namespace: <namespace>
    EOF
    1
    Allowed values are pod and multus.
    2
    You can use either the id or the name parameter to specify the source network.
    3
    Specify the VMware network moRef, the RHV network UUID, or the OpenStack network UUID. To retrieve the moRef, see Retrieving a VMware vSphere moRef.
    4
    Specify a network attachment definition for each additional OpenShift Virtualization network.
    5
    Required only when type is multus. Specify the namespace of the OpenShift Virtualization network attachment definition.
    6
    Specify a network attachment definition for each additional OpenShift Virtualization network.
    7
    Required only when type is multus. Here, namespace can either be specified using the namespace property or with a name built as follows: <network_namespace>/<network_name>.
    8
    OpenShift only.
  5. Create a StorageMap manifest to map source and destination storage:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: StorageMap
    metadata:
      name: <storage_map>
      namespace: <namespace>
    spec:
      map:
        - destination:
            storageClass: <storage_class>
            accessMode: <access_mode> 1
          source:
            id: <source_datastore> 2
        - destination:
            storageClass: <storage_class>
            accessMode: <access_mode>
          source:
            id: <source_datastore>
      provider:
        source:
          name: <source_provider>
          namespace: <namespace>
        destination:
          name: <destination_provider>
          namespace: <namespace>
    EOF
    1
    Allowed values are ReadWriteOnce and ReadWriteMany.
    2
    Specify the VMware datastore moRef, the RHV storage domain UUID, or the OpenStack volume_type UUID. For example, f2737930-b567-451a-9ceb-2887f6207009. To retrieve the moRef, see Retrieving a VMware vSphere moRef.
    Note

    For OVA, the StorageMap can map only a single storage, which all the disks from the OVA are associated with, to a storage class at the destination. For this reason, the storage is referred to in the UI as "Dummy storage for source provider <provider_name>".

  6. Optional: Create a Hook manifest to run custom code on a VM during the phase specified in the Plan CR:

    $  cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: Hook
    metadata:
      name: <hook>
      namespace: <namespace>
    spec:
      image: quay.io/konveyor/hook-runner 1
      playbook: | 2
        LS0tCi0gbmFtZTogTWFpbgogIGhvc3RzOiBsb2NhbGhvc3QKICB0YXNrczoKICAtIG5hbWU6IExv
        YWQgUGxhbgogICAgaW5jbHVkZV92YXJzOgogICAgICBmaWxlOiAiL3RtcC9ob29rL3BsYW4ueW1s
        IgogICAgICBuYW1lOiBwbGFuCiAgLSBuYW1lOiBMb2FkIFdvcmtsb2FkCiAgICBpbmNsdWRlX3Zh
        cnM6CiAgICAgIGZpbGU6ICIvdG1wL2hvb2svd29ya2xvYWQueW1sIgogICAgICBuYW1lOiB3b3Jr
        bG9hZAoK
    EOF
    1
    You can use the default hook-runner image or specify a custom image. If you specify a custom image, you do not have to specify a playbook.
    2
    Optional: Base64-encoded Ansible Playbook. If you specify a playbook, the image must be hook-runner.
  7. Create a Plan manifest for the migration:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: Plan
    metadata:
      name: <plan> 1
      namespace: <namespace>
    spec:
      warm: true 2
      provider:
        source:
          name: <source_provider>
          namespace: <namespace>
        destination:
          name: <destination_provider>
          namespace: <namespace>
      map: 3
        network: 4
          name: <network_map> 5
          namespace: <namespace>
        storage: 6
          name: <storage_map> 7
          namespace: <namespace>
      targetNamespace: <target_namespace>
      vms: 8
        - id: <source_vm> 9
        - name: <source_vm>
          namespace: <namespace> 10
          hooks: 11
            - hook:
                namespace: <namespace>
                name: <hook> 12
              step: <step> 13
    EOF
    1
    Specify the name of the Plan CR.
    2
    Specify whether the migration is warm or cold. If you specify a warm migration without specifying a value for the cutover parameter in the Migration manifest, only the precopy stage will run.
    3
    Specify only one network map and one storage map per plan.
    4
    Specify a network mapping even if the VMs to be migrated are not assigned to a network. The mapping can be empty in this case.
    5
    Specify the name of the NetworkMap CR.
    6
    Specify a storage mapping even if the VMs to be migrated are not assigned with disk images. The mapping can be empty in this case.
    7
    Specify the name of the StorageMap CR.
    8
    For all source providers except for OpenShift Virtualization, you can use either the id or the name parameter to specify the source VMs.
    OpenShift Virtualization source provider only: You can use only the name parameter, not the id. parameter to specify the source VMs.
    9
    Specify the VMware VM moRef, RHV VM UUID or the OpenStack VM UUID. To retrieve the moRef, see Retrieving a VMware vSphere moRef.
    10
    OpenShift Virtualization source provider only.
    11
    Optional: You can specify up to two hooks for a VM. Each hook must run during a separate migration step.
    12
    Specify the name of the Hook CR.
    13
    Allowed values are PreHook, before the migration plan starts, or PostHook, after the migration is complete.
  8. Create a Migration manifest to run the Plan CR:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: Migration
    metadata:
      name: <migration> 1
      namespace: <namespace>
    spec:
      plan:
        name: <plan> 2
        namespace: <namespace>
      cutover: <cutover_time> 3
    EOF
    1
    Specify the name of the Migration CR.
    2
    Specify the name of the Plan CR that you are running. The Migration CR creates a VirtualMachine CR for each VM that is migrated.
    3
    Optional: Specify a cutover time according to the ISO 8601 format with the UTC time offset, for example, 2021-04-04T01:23:45.678+09:00.

    You can associate multiple Migration CRs with a single Plan CR. If a migration does not complete, you can create a new Migration CR, without changing the Plan CR, to migrate the remaining VMs.

  9. Retrieve the Migration CR to monitor the progress of the migration:

    $ oc get migration/<migration> -n <namespace> -o yaml

5.4. Obtaining the SHA-1 fingerprint of a vCenter host

You must obtain the SHA-1 fingerprint of a vCenter host in order to create a Secret CR.

Procedure

  • Run the following command:

    $ openssl s_client \
        -connect <vcenter_host>:443 \ 1
        < /dev/null 2>/dev/null \
        | openssl x509 -fingerprint -noout -in /dev/stdin \
        | cut -d '=' -f 2
    1
    Specify the IP address or FQDN of the vCenter host.

    Example output

    01:23:45:67:89:AB:CD:EF:01:23:45:67:89:AB:CD:EF:01:23:45:67

5.5. Canceling a migration

You can cancel an entire migration or individual virtual machines (VMs) while a migration is in progress from the command line interface (CLI).

Canceling an entire migration

  • Delete the Migration CR:

    $ oc delete migration <migration> -n <namespace> 1
    1
    Specify the name of the Migration CR.

Canceling the migration of individual VMs

  1. Add the individual VMs to the spec.cancel block of the Migration manifest:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: Migration
    metadata:
      name: <migration>
      namespace: <namespace>
    ...
    spec:
      cancel:
      - id: vm-102 1
      - id: vm-203
      - name: rhel8-vm
    EOF
    1
    You can specify a VM by using the id key or the name key.

    The value of the id key is the managed object reference, for a VMware VM, or the VM UUID, for a RHV VM.

  2. Retrieve the Migration CR to monitor the progress of the remaining VMs:

    $ oc get migration/<migration> -n <namespace> -o yaml

Chapter 6. Advanced migration options

6.1. Changing precopy intervals for warm migration

You can change the snapshot interval by patching the ForkliftController custom resource (CR).

Procedure

  • Patch the ForkliftController CR:

    $ oc patch forkliftcontroller/<forklift-controller> -n openshift-mtv -p '{"spec": {"controller_precopy_interval": <60>}}' --type=merge 1
    1
    Specify the precopy interval in minutes. The default value is 60.

    You do not need to restart the forklift-controller pod.

6.2. Creating custom rules for the Validation service

The Validation service uses Open Policy Agent (OPA) policy rules to check the suitability of each virtual machine (VM) for migration. The Validation service generates a list of concerns for each VM, which are stored in the Provider Inventory service as VM attributes. The web console displays the concerns for each VM in the provider inventory.

You can create custom rules to extend the default ruleset of the Validation service. For example, you can create a rule that checks whether a VM has multiple disks.

6.2.1. About Rego files

Validation rules are written in Rego, the Open Policy Agent (OPA) native query language. The rules are stored as .rego files in the /usr/share/opa/policies/io/konveyor/forklift/<provider> directory of the Validation pod.

Each validation rule is defined in a separate .rego file and tests for a specific condition. If the condition evaluates as true, the rule adds a {“category”, “label”, “assessment”} hash to the concerns. The concerns content is added to the concerns key in the inventory record of the VM. The web console displays the content of the concerns key for each VM in the provider inventory.

The following .rego file example checks for distributed resource scheduling enabled in the cluster of a VMware VM:

drs_enabled.rego example

package io.konveyor.forklift.vmware 1

has_drs_enabled {
    input.host.cluster.drsEnabled 2
}

concerns[flag] {
    has_drs_enabled
    flag := {
        "category": "Information",
        "label": "VM running in a DRS-enabled cluster",
        "assessment": "Distributed resource scheduling is not currently supported by OpenShift Virtualization. The VM can be migrated but it will not have this feature in the target environment."
    }
}

1
Each validation rule is defined within a package. The package namespaces are io.konveyor.forklift.vmware for VMware and io.konveyor.forklift.ovirt for Red Hat Virtualization.
2
Query parameters are based on the input key of the Validation service JSON.

6.2.2. Checking the default validation rules

Before you create a custom rule, you must check the default rules of the Validation service to ensure that you do not create a rule that redefines an existing default value.

Example: If a default rule contains the line default valid_input = false and you create a custom rule that contains the line default valid_input = true, the Validation service will not start.

Procedure

  1. Connect to the terminal of the Validation pod:

    $ oc rsh <validation_pod>
  2. Go to the OPA policies directory for your provider:

    $ cd /usr/share/opa/policies/io/konveyor/forklift/<provider> 1
    1
    Specify vmware or ovirt.
  3. Search for the default policies:

    $ grep -R "default" *

6.2.3. Creating a validation rule

You create a validation rule by applying a config map custom resource (CR) containing the rule to the Validation service.

Important
  • If you create a rule with the same name as an existing rule, the Validation service performs an OR operation with the rules.
  • If you create a rule that contradicts a default rule, the Validation service will not start.

Validation rule example

Validation rules are based on virtual machine (VM) attributes collected by the Provider Inventory service.

For example, the VMware API uses this path to check whether a VMware VM has NUMA node affinity configured: MOR:VirtualMachine.config.extraConfig["numa.nodeAffinity"].

The Provider Inventory service simplifies this configuration and returns a testable attribute with a list value:

"numaNodeAffinity": [
    "0",
    "1"
],

You create a Rego query, based on this attribute, and add it to the forklift-validation-config config map:

`count(input.numaNodeAffinity) != 0`

Procedure

  1. Create a config map CR according to the following example:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: ConfigMap
    metadata:
      name: <forklift-validation-config>
      namespace: openshift-mtv
    data:
      vmware_multiple_disks.rego: |-
        package <provider_package> 1
    
        has_multiple_disks { 2
          count(input.disks) > 1
        }
    
        concerns[flag] {
          has_multiple_disks 3
            flag := {
              "category": "<Information>", 4
              "label": "Multiple disks detected",
              "assessment": "Multiple disks detected on this VM."
            }
        }
    EOF
    1
    Specify the provider package name. Allowed values are io.konveyor.forklift.vmware for VMware and io.konveyor.forklift.ovirt for Red Hat Virtualization.
    2
    Specify the concerns name and Rego query.
    3
    Specify the concerns name and flag parameter values.
    4
    Allowed values are Critical, Warning, and Information.
  2. Stop the Validation pod by scaling the forklift-controller deployment to 0:

    $ oc scale -n openshift-mtv --replicas=0 deployment/forklift-controller
  3. Start the Validation pod by scaling the forklift-controller deployment to 1:

    $ oc scale -n openshift-mtv --replicas=1 deployment/forklift-controller
  4. Check the Validation pod log to verify that the pod started:

    $ oc logs -f <validation_pod>

    If the custom rule conflicts with a default rule, the Validation pod will not start.

  5. Remove the source provider:

    $ oc delete provider <provider> -n openshift-mtv
  6. Add the source provider to apply the new rule:

    $ cat << EOF | oc apply -f -
    apiVersion: forklift.konveyor.io/v1beta1
    kind: Provider
    metadata:
      name: <provider>
      namespace: openshift-mtv
    spec:
      type: <provider_type> 1
      url: <api_end_point> 2
      secret:
        name: <secret> 3
        namespace: openshift-mtv
    EOF
    1
    Allowed values are ovirt, vsphere, and openstack.
    2
    Specify the API end point URL, for example, https://<vCenter_host>/sdk for vSphere, https://<engine_host>/ovirt-engine/api for RHV, or https://<identity_service>/v3 for OpenStack.
    3
    Specify the name of the provider Secret CR.

You must update the rules version after creating a custom rule so that the Inventory service detects the changes and validates the VMs.

6.2.4. Updating the inventory rules version

You must update the inventory rules version each time you update the rules so that the Provider Inventory service detects the changes and triggers the Validation service.

The rules version is recorded in a rules_version.rego file for each provider.

Procedure

  1. Retrieve the current rules version:

    $ GET https://forklift-validation/v1/data/io/konveyor/forklift/<provider>/rules_version 1

    Example output

    {
       "result": {
           "rules_version": 5
       }
    }

  2. Connect to the terminal of the Validation pod:

    $ oc rsh <validation_pod>
  3. Update the rules version in the /usr/share/opa/policies/io/konveyor/forklift/<provider>/rules_version.rego file.
  4. Log out of the Validation pod terminal.
  5. Verify the updated rules version:

    $ GET https://forklift-validation/v1/data/io/konveyor/forklift/<provider>/rules_version 1

    Example output

    {
       "result": {
           "rules_version": 6
       }
    }

6.3. Retrieving the Inventory service JSON

You retrieve the Inventory service JSON by sending an Inventory service query to a virtual machine (VM). The output contains an "input" key, which contains the inventory attributes that are queried by the Validation service rules.

You can create a validation rule based on any attribute in the "input" key, for example, input.snapshot.kind.

Procedure

  1. Retrieve the routes for the project:

    oc get route -n openshift-mtv
  2. Retrieve the Inventory service route:

    $ oc get route <inventory_service> -n openshift-mtv
  3. Retrieve the access token:

    $ TOKEN=$(oc whoami -t)
  4. Trigger an HTTP GET request (for example, using Curl):

    $ curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" https://<inventory_service_route>/providers -k
  5. Retrieve the UUID of a provider:

    $ curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"  https://<inventory_service_route>/providers/<provider> -k 1
    1 1 1
    Allowed values for the provider are vsphere, ovirt, and openstack.
  6. Retrieve the VMs of a provider:

    $ curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"  https://<inventory_service_route>/providers/<provider>/<UUID>/vms -k
  7. Retrieve the details of a VM:

    $ curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"  https://<inventory_service_route>/providers/<provider>/<UUID>/workloads/<vm> -k

    Example output

    {
        "input": {
            "selfLink": "providers/vsphere/c872d364-d62b-46f0-bd42-16799f40324e/workloads/vm-431",
            "id": "vm-431",
            "parent": {
                "kind": "Folder",
                "id": "group-v22"
            },
            "revision": 1,
            "name": "iscsi-target",
            "revisionValidated": 1,
            "isTemplate": false,
            "networks": [
                {
                    "kind": "Network",
                    "id": "network-31"
                },
                {
                    "kind": "Network",
                    "id": "network-33"
                }
            ],
            "disks": [
                {
                    "key": 2000,
                    "file": "[iSCSI_Datastore] iscsi-target/iscsi-target-000001.vmdk",
                    "datastore": {
                        "kind": "Datastore",
                        "id": "datastore-63"
                    },
                    "capacity": 17179869184,
                    "shared": false,
                    "rdm": false
                },
                {
                    "key": 2001,
                    "file": "[iSCSI_Datastore] iscsi-target/iscsi-target_1-000001.vmdk",
                    "datastore": {
                        "kind": "Datastore",
                        "id": "datastore-63"
                    },
                    "capacity": 10737418240,
                    "shared": false,
                    "rdm": false
                }
            ],
            "concerns": [],
            "policyVersion": 5,
            "uuid": "42256329-8c3a-2a82-54fd-01d845a8bf49",
            "firmware": "bios",
            "powerState": "poweredOn",
            "connectionState": "connected",
            "snapshot": {
                "kind": "VirtualMachineSnapshot",
                "id": "snapshot-3034"
            },
            "changeTrackingEnabled": false,
            "cpuAffinity": [
                0,
                2
            ],
            "cpuHotAddEnabled": true,
            "cpuHotRemoveEnabled": false,
            "memoryHotAddEnabled": false,
            "faultToleranceEnabled": false,
            "cpuCount": 2,
            "coresPerSocket": 1,
            "memoryMB": 2048,
            "guestName": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 (64-bit)",
            "balloonedMemory": 0,
            "ipAddress": "10.19.2.96",
            "storageUsed": 30436770129,
            "numaNodeAffinity": [
                "0",
                "1"
            ],
            "devices": [
                {
                    "kind": "RealUSBController"
                }
            ],
            "host": {
                "id": "host-29",
                "parent": {
                    "kind": "Cluster",
                    "id": "domain-c26"
                },
                "revision": 1,
                "name": "IP address or host name of the vCenter host or RHV Engine host",
                "selfLink": "providers/vsphere/c872d364-d62b-46f0-bd42-16799f40324e/hosts/host-29",
                "status": "green",
                "inMaintenance": false,
                "managementServerIp": "10.19.2.96",
                "thumbprint": <thumbprint>,
                "timezone": "UTC",
                "cpuSockets": 2,
                "cpuCores": 16,
                "productName": "VMware ESXi",
                "productVersion": "6.5.0",
                "networking": {
                    "pNICs": [
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic0",
                            "linkSpeed": 10000
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic1",
                            "linkSpeed": 10000
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic2",
                            "linkSpeed": 10000
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic3",
                            "linkSpeed": 10000
                        }
                    ],
                    "vNICs": [
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.VirtualNic-vmk2",
                            "portGroup": "VM_Migration",
                            "dPortGroup": "",
                            "ipAddress": "192.168.79.13",
                            "subnetMask": "255.255.255.0",
                            "mtu": 9000
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.VirtualNic-vmk0",
                            "portGroup": "Management Network",
                            "dPortGroup": "",
                            "ipAddress": "10.19.2.13",
                            "subnetMask": "255.255.255.128",
                            "mtu": 1500
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.VirtualNic-vmk1",
                            "portGroup": "Storage Network",
                            "dPortGroup": "",
                            "ipAddress": "172.31.2.13",
                            "subnetMask": "255.255.0.0",
                            "mtu": 1500
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.VirtualNic-vmk3",
                            "portGroup": "",
                            "dPortGroup": "dvportgroup-48",
                            "ipAddress": "192.168.61.13",
                            "subnetMask": "255.255.255.0",
                            "mtu": 1500
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.VirtualNic-vmk4",
                            "portGroup": "VM_DHCP_Network",
                            "dPortGroup": "",
                            "ipAddress": "10.19.2.231",
                            "subnetMask": "255.255.255.128",
                            "mtu": 1500
                        }
                    ],
                    "portGroups": [
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM Network",
                            "name": "VM Network",
                            "vSwitch": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch0"
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PortGroup-Management Network",
                            "name": "Management Network",
                            "vSwitch": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch0"
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_10G_Network",
                            "name": "VM_10G_Network",
                            "vSwitch": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch1"
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_Storage",
                            "name": "VM_Storage",
                            "vSwitch": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch1"
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_DHCP_Network",
                            "name": "VM_DHCP_Network",
                            "vSwitch": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch1"
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PortGroup-Storage Network",
                            "name": "Storage Network",
                            "vSwitch": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch1"
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_Isolated_67",
                            "name": "VM_Isolated_67",
                            "vSwitch": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch2"
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_Migration",
                            "name": "VM_Migration",
                            "vSwitch": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch2"
                        }
                    ],
                    "switches": [
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch0",
                            "name": "vSwitch0",
                            "portGroups": [
                                "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM Network",
                                "key-vim.host.PortGroup-Management Network"
                            ],
                            "pNICs": [
                                "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic4"
                            ]
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch1",
                            "name": "vSwitch1",
                            "portGroups": [
                                "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_10G_Network",
                                "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_Storage",
                                "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_DHCP_Network",
                                "key-vim.host.PortGroup-Storage Network"
                            ],
                            "pNICs": [
                                "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic2",
                                "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic0"
                            ]
                        },
                        {
                            "key": "key-vim.host.VirtualSwitch-vSwitch2",
                            "name": "vSwitch2",
                            "portGroups": [
                                "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_Isolated_67",
                                "key-vim.host.PortGroup-VM_Migration"
                            ],
                            "pNICs": [
                                "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic3",
                                "key-vim.host.PhysicalNic-vmnic1"
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "networks": [
                    {
                        "kind": "Network",
                        "id": "network-31"
                    },
                    {
                        "kind": "Network",
                        "id": "network-34"
                    },
                    {
                        "kind": "Network",
                        "id": "network-57"
                    },
                    {
                        "kind": "Network",
                        "id": "network-33"
                    },
                    {
                        "kind": "Network",
                        "id": "dvportgroup-47"
                    }
                ],
                "datastores": [
                    {
                        "kind": "Datastore",
                        "id": "datastore-35"
                    },
                    {
                        "kind": "Datastore",
                        "id": "datastore-63"
                    }
                ],
                "vms": null,
                "networkAdapters": [],
                "cluster": {
                    "id": "domain-c26",
                    "parent": {
                        "kind": "Folder",
                        "id": "group-h23"
                    },
                    "revision": 1,
                    "name": "mycluster",
                    "selfLink": "providers/vsphere/c872d364-d62b-46f0-bd42-16799f40324e/clusters/domain-c26",
                    "folder": "group-h23",
                    "networks": [
                        {
                            "kind": "Network",
                            "id": "network-31"
                        },
                        {
                            "kind": "Network",
                            "id": "network-34"
                        },
                        {
                            "kind": "Network",
                            "id": "network-57"
                        },
                        {
                            "kind": "Network",
                            "id": "network-33"
                        },
                        {
                            "kind": "Network",
                            "id": "dvportgroup-47"
                        }
                    ],
                    "datastores": [
                        {
                            "kind": "Datastore",
                            "id": "datastore-35"
                        },
                        {
                            "kind": "Datastore",
                            "id": "datastore-63"
                        }
                    ],
                    "hosts": [
                        {
                            "kind": "Host",
                            "id": "host-44"
                        },
                        {
                            "kind": "Host",
                            "id": "host-29"
                        }
                    ],
                    "dasEnabled": false,
                    "dasVms": [],
                    "drsEnabled": true,
                    "drsBehavior": "fullyAutomated",
                    "drsVms": [],
                    "datacenter": null
                }
            }
        }
    }

Chapter 7. Upgrading the Migration Toolkit for Virtualization

You can upgrade the MTV Operator by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console to install the new version.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click OperatorsInstalled OperatorsMigration Toolkit for Virtualization OperatorSubscription.
  2. Change the update channel to the correct release.

    See Changing update channel in the Red Hat OpenShift documentation.

  3. Confirm that Upgrade status changes from Up to date to Upgrade available. If it does not, restart the CatalogSource pod:

    1. Note the catalog source, for example, redhat-operators.
    2. From the command line, retrieve the catalog source pod:

      $ oc get pod -n openshift-marketplace | grep <catalog_source>
    3. Delete the pod:

      $ oc delete pod -n openshift-marketplace <catalog_source_pod>

      Upgrade status changes from Up to date to Upgrade available.

      If you set Update approval on the Subscriptions tab to Automatic, the upgrade starts automatically.

  4. If you set Update approval on the Subscriptions tab to Manual, approve the upgrade.

    See Manually approving a pending upgrade in the Red Hat OpenShift documentation.

  5. If you are upgrading from MTV 2.2 and have defined VMware source providers, edit the VMware provider by adding a VDDK init image. Otherwise, the update will change the state of any VMware providers to Critical. For more information, see Addding a VMSphere source provider.
  6. If you mapped to NFS on the Red Hat OpenShift destination provider in MTV 2.2, edit the AccessModes and VolumeMode parameters in the NFS storage profile. Otherwise, the upgrade will invalidate the NFS mapping. For more information, see Customizing the storage profile.

Chapter 8. Uninstalling the Migration Toolkit for Virtualization

You can uninstall the Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console or the command line interface (CLI).

8.1. Uninstalling MTV by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console

You can uninstall Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console to delete the openshift-mtv project and custom resource definitions (CRDs).

Prerequisites

  • You must be logged in as a user with cluster-admin privileges.

Procedure

  1. Click HomeProjects.
  2. Locate the openshift-mtv project.
  3. On the right side of the project, select Delete Project from the Options menu kebab .
  4. In the Delete Project pane, enter the project name and click Delete.
  5. Click AdministrationCustomResourceDefinitions.
  6. Enter forklift in the Search field to locate the CRDs in the forklift.konveyor.io group.
  7. On the right side of each CRD, select Delete CustomResourceDefinition from the Options menu kebab .

8.2. Uninstalling MTV from the command line interface

You can uninstall Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) from the command line interface (CLI) by deleting the openshift-mtv project and the forklift.konveyor.io custom resource definitions (CRDs).

Prerequisites

  • You must be logged in as a user with cluster-admin privileges.

Procedure

  1. Delete the project:

    $ oc delete project openshift-mtv
  2. Delete the CRDs:

    $ oc get crd -o name | grep 'forklift' | xargs oc delete
  3. Delete the OAuthClient:

    $ oc delete oauthclient/forklift-ui

Chapter 9. Troubleshooting

This section provides information for troubleshooting common migration issues.

9.1. Error messages

This section describes error messages and how to resolve them.

warm import retry limit reached

The warm import retry limit reached error message is displayed during a warm migration if a VMware virtual machine (VM) has reached the maximum number (28) of changed block tracking (CBT) snapshots during the precopy stage.

To resolve this problem, delete some of the CBT snapshots from the VM and restart the migration plan.

Unable to resize disk image to required size

The Unable to resize disk image to required size error message is displayed when migration fails because a virtual machine on the target provider uses persistent volumes with an EXT4 file system on block storage. The problem occurs because the default overhead that is assumed by CDI does not completely include the reserved place for the root partition.

To resolve this problem, increase the file system overhead in CDI to be more than 10%.

9.2. Using the must-gather tool

You can collect logs and information about MTV custom resources (CRs) by using the must-gather tool. You must attach a must-gather data file to all customer cases.

You can gather data for a specific namespace, migration plan, or virtual machine (VM) by using the filtering options.

Note

If you specify a non-existent resource in the filtered must-gather command, no archive file is created.

Prerequisites

  • You must be logged in to the OpenShift Virtualization cluster as a user with the cluster-admin role.
  • You must have the Red Hat OpenShift CLI (oc) installed.

Collecting logs and CR information

  1. Navigate to the directory where you want to store the must-gather data.
  2. Run the oc adm must-gather command:

    $ oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/migration-toolkit-virtualization/mtv-must-gather-rhel8:2.5.7

    The data is saved as /must-gather/must-gather.tar.gz. You can upload this file to a support case on the Red Hat Customer Portal.

  3. Optional: Run the oc adm must-gather command with the following options to gather filtered data:

    • Namespace:

      $ oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/migration-toolkit-virtualization/mtv-must-gather-rhel8:2.5.7 \
        -- NS=<namespace> /usr/bin/targeted
    • Migration plan:

      $ oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/migration-toolkit-virtualization/mtv-must-gather-rhel8:2.5.7 \
        -- PLAN=<migration_plan> /usr/bin/targeted
    • Virtual machine:

      $ oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/migration-toolkit-virtualization/mtv-must-gather-rhel8:2.5.7 \
        -- VM=<vm_id> NS=<namespace> /usr/bin/targeted 1
      1
      Specify the VM ID as it appears in the Plan CR.

9.3. Architecture

This section describes MTV custom resources, services, and workflows.

9.3.1. MTV custom resources and services

The Migration Toolkit for Virtualization (MTV) is provided as an Red Hat OpenShift Operator. It creates and manages the following custom resources (CRs) and services.

MTV custom resources

  • Provider CR stores attributes that enable MTV to connect to and interact with the source and target providers.
  • NetworkMapping CR maps the networks of the source and target providers.
  • StorageMapping CR maps the storage of the source and target providers.
  • Plan CR contains a list of VMs with the same migration parameters and associated network and storage mappings.
  • Migration CR runs a migration plan.

    Only one Migration CR per migration plan can run at a given time. You can create multiple Migration CRs for a single Plan CR.

MTV services

  • The Inventory service performs the following actions:

    • Connects to the source and target providers.
    • Maintains a local inventory for mappings and plans.
    • Stores VM configurations.
    • Runs the Validation service if a VM configuration change is detected.
  • The Validation service checks the suitability of a VM for migration by applying rules.
  • The Migration Controller service orchestrates migrations.

    When you create a migration plan, the Migration Controller service validates the plan and adds a status label. If the plan fails validation, the plan status is Not ready and the plan cannot be used to perform a migration. If the plan passes validation, the plan status is Ready and it can be used to perform a migration. After a successful migration, the Migration Controller service changes the plan status to Completed.

  • The Populator Controller service orchestrates disk transfers using Volume Populators.
  • The Kubevirt Controller and Containerized Data Import (CDI) Controller services handle most technical operations.

9.3.2. High-level migration workflow

The high-level workflow shows the migration process from the point of view of the user:

  1. You create a source provider, a target provider, a network mapping, and a storage mapping.
  2. You create a Plan custom resource (CR) that includes the following resources:

    • Source provider
    • Target provider, if MTV is not installed on the target cluster
    • Network mapping
    • Storage mapping
    • One or more virtual machines (VMs)
  3. You run a migration plan by creating a Migration CR that references the Plan CR.

    If you cannot migrate all the VMs for any reason, you can create multiple Migration CRs for the same Plan CR until all VMs are migrated.

  4. For each VM in the Plan CR, the Migration Controller service records the VM migration progress in the Migration CR.
  5. Once the data transfer for each VM in the Plan CR completes, the Migration Controller service creates a VirtualMachine CR.

    When all VMs have been migrated, the Migration Controller service updates the status of the Plan CR to Completed. The power state of each source VM is maintained after migration.

9.3.3. Detailed migration workflow

You can use the detailed migration workflow to troubleshoot a failed migration.

The workflow describes the following steps:

Warm Migration or migration to a remote OpenShift cluster:

  1. When you create the Migration custom resource (CR) to run a migration plan, the Migration Controller service creates a DataVolume CR for each source VM disk.

    For each VM disk:

  2. The Containerized Data Importer (CDI) Controller service creates a persistent volume claim (PVC) based on the parameters specified in the DataVolume CR.


  3. If the StorageClass has a dynamic provisioner, the persistent volume (PV) is dynamically provisioned by the StorageClass provisioner.
  4. The CDI Controller service creates an importer pod.
  5. The importer pod streams the VM disk to the PV.

    After the VM disks are transferred:

  6. The Migration Controller service creates a conversion pod with the PVCs attached to it when importing from VMWare.

    The conversion pod runs virt-v2v, which installs and configures device drivers on the PVCs of the target VM.

  7. The Migration Controller service creates a VirtualMachine CR for each source virtual machine (VM), connected to the PVCs.
  8. If the VM ran on the source environment, the Migration Controller powers on the VM, the KubeVirt Controller service creates a virt-launcher pod and a VirtualMachineInstance CR.

    The virt-launcher pod runs QEMU-KVM with the PVCs attached as VM disks.

Cold migration from RHV or OpenStack to the local OpenShift cluster:

  1. When you create a Migration custom resource (CR) to run a migration plan, the Migration Controller service creates for each source VM disk a PersistentVolumeClaim CR, and an OvirtVolumePopulator when the source is RHV, or an OpenstackVolumePopulator CR when the source is OpenStack.

    For each VM disk:

  2. The Populator Controller service creates a temporarily persistent volume claim (PVC).
  3. If the StorageClass has a dynamic provisioner, the persistent volume (PV) is dynamically provisioned by the StorageClass provisioner.

    • The Migration Controller service creates a dummy pod to bind all PVCs. The name of the pod contains pvcinit.
  4. The Populator Controller service creates a populator pod.
  5. The populator pod transfers the disk data to the PV.

    After the VM disks are transferred:

  6. The temporary PVC is deleted, and the initial PVC points to the PV with the data.
  7. The Migration Controller service creates a VirtualMachine CR for each source virtual machine (VM), connected to the PVCs.
  8. If the VM ran on the source environment, the Migration Controller powers on the VM, the KubeVirt Controller service creates a virt-launcher pod and a VirtualMachineInstance CR.

    The virt-launcher pod runs QEMU-KVM with the PVCs attached as VM disks.

Cold migration from VMWare to the local OpenShift cluster:

  1. When you create a Migration custom resource (CR) to run a migration plan, the Migration Controller service creates a DataVolume CR for each source VM disk.

    For each VM disk:

  2. The Containerized Data Importer (CDI) Controller service creates a blank persistent volume claim (PVC) based on the parameters specified in the DataVolume CR.


  3. If the StorageClass has a dynamic provisioner, the persistent volume (PV) is dynamically provisioned by the StorageClass provisioner.

For all VM disks:

  1. The Migration Controller service creates a dummy pod to bind all PVCs. The name of the pod contains pvcinit.
  2. The Migration Controller service creates a conversion pod for all PVCs.
  3. The conversion pod runs virt-v2v, which converts the VM to the KVM hypervisor and transfers the disks' data to their corresponding PVs.

    After the VM disks are transferred:

  4. The Migration Controller service creates a VirtualMachine CR for each source virtual machine (VM), connected to the PVCs.
  5. If the VM ran on the source environment, the Migration Controller powers on the VM, the KubeVirt Controller service creates a virt-launcher pod and a VirtualMachineInstance CR.

    The virt-launcher pod runs QEMU-KVM with the PVCs attached as VM disks.

9.4. Logs and custom resources

You can download logs and custom resource (CR) information for troubleshooting. For more information, see the detailed migration workflow.

9.4.1. Collected logs and custom resource information

You can download logs and custom resource (CR) yaml files for the following targets by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console or the command line interface (CLI):

  • Migration plan: Web console or CLI.
  • Virtual machine: Web console or CLI.
  • Namespace: CLI only.

The must-gather tool collects the following logs and CR files in an archive file:

  • CRs:

    • DataVolume CR: Represents a disk mounted on a migrated VM.
    • VirtualMachine CR: Represents a migrated VM.
    • Plan CR: Defines the VMs and storage and network mapping.
    • Job CR: Optional: Represents a pre-migration hook, a post-migration hook, or both.
  • Logs:

    • importer pod: Disk-to-data-volume conversion log. The importer pod naming convention is importer-<migration_plan>-<vm_id><5_char_id>, for example, importer-mig-plan-ed90dfc6-9a17-4a8btnfh, where ed90dfc6-9a17-4a8 is a truncated RHV VM ID and btnfh is the generated 5-character ID.
    • conversion pod: VM conversion log. The conversion pod runs virt-v2v, which installs and configures device drivers on the PVCs of the VM. The conversion pod naming convention is <migration_plan>-<vm_id><5_char_id>.
    • virt-launcher pod: VM launcher log. When a migrated VM is powered on, the virt-launcher pod runs QEMU-KVM with the PVCs attached as VM disks.
    • forklift-controller pod: The log is filtered for the migration plan, virtual machine, or namespace specified by the must-gather command.
    • forklift-must-gather-api pod: The log is filtered for the migration plan, virtual machine, or namespace specified by the must-gather command.
    • hook-job pod: The log is filtered for hook jobs. The hook-job naming convention is <migration_plan>-<vm_id><5_char_id>, for example, plan2j-vm-3696-posthook-4mx85 or plan2j-vm-3696-prehook-mwqnl.

      Note

      Empty or excluded log files are not included in the must-gather archive file.

Example must-gather archive structure for a VMware migration plan

must-gather
└── namespaces
    ├── target-vm-ns
    │   ├── crs
    │   │   ├── datavolume
    │   │   │   ├── mig-plan-vm-7595-tkhdz.yaml
    │   │   │   ├── mig-plan-vm-7595-5qvqp.yaml
    │   │   │   └── mig-plan-vm-8325-xccfw.yaml
    │   │   └── virtualmachine
    │   │       ├── test-test-rhel8-2disks2nics.yaml
    │   │       └── test-x2019.yaml
    │   └── logs
    │       ├── importer-mig-plan-vm-7595-tkhdz
    │       │   └── current.log
    │       ├── importer-mig-plan-vm-7595-5qvqp
    │       │   └── current.log
    │       ├── importer-mig-plan-vm-8325-xccfw
    │       │   └── current.log
    │       ├── mig-plan-vm-7595-4glzd
    │       │   └── current.log
    │       └── mig-plan-vm-8325-4zw49
    │           └── current.log
    └── openshift-mtv
        ├── crs
        │   └── plan
        │       └── mig-plan-cold.yaml
        └── logs
            ├── forklift-controller-67656d574-w74md
            │   └── current.log
            └── forklift-must-gather-api-89fc7f4b6-hlwb6
                └── current.log

9.4.2. Downloading logs and custom resource information from the web console

You can download logs and information about custom resources (CRs) for a completed, failed, or canceled migration plan or for migrated virtual machines (VMs) by using the Red Hat OpenShift web console.

Procedure

  1. In the Red Hat OpenShift web console, click MigrationPlans for virtualization.
  2. Click Get logs beside a migration plan name.
  3. In the Get logs window, click Get logs.

    The logs are collected. A Log collection complete message is displayed.

  4. Click Download logs to download the archive file.
  5. To download logs for a migrated VM, click a migration plan name and then click Get logs beside the VM.

9.4.3. Accessing logs and custom resource information from the command line interface

You can access logs and information about custom resources (CRs) from the command line interface by using the must-gather tool. You must attach a must-gather data file to all customer cases.

You can gather data for a specific namespace, a completed, failed, or canceled migration plan, or a migrated virtual machine (VM) by using the filtering options.

Note

If you specify a non-existent resource in the filtered must-gather command, no archive file is created.

Prerequisites

  • You must be logged in to the OpenShift Virtualization cluster as a user with the cluster-admin role.
  • You must have the Red Hat OpenShift CLI (oc) installed.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the directory where you want to store the must-gather data.
  2. Run the oc adm must-gather command:

    $ oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/migration-toolkit-virtualization/mtv-must-gather-rhel8:2.5.7

    The data is saved as /must-gather/must-gather.tar.gz. You can upload this file to a support case on the Red Hat Customer Portal.

  3. Optional: Run the oc adm must-gather command with the following options to gather filtered data:

    • Namespace:

      $ oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/migration-toolkit-virtualization/mtv-must-gather-rhel8:2.5.7 \
        -- NS=<namespace> /usr/bin/targeted
    • Migration plan:

      $ oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/migration-toolkit-virtualization/mtv-must-gather-rhel8:2.5.7 \
        -- PLAN=<migration_plan> /usr/bin/targeted
    • Virtual machine:

      $ oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/migration-toolkit-virtualization/mtv-must-gather-rhel8:2.5.7 \
        -- VM=<vm_name> NS=<namespace> /usr/bin/targeted 1
      1
      You must specify the VM name, not the VM ID, as it appears in the Plan CR.

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