Using AMQ Streams on OpenShift
For use with AMQ Streams 1.4 on OpenShift Container Platform
Abstract
Chapter 1. Overview of AMQ Streams
AMQ Streams simplifies the process of running Apache Kafka in an OpenShift cluster.
1.1. Kafka capabilities
The underlying data stream-processing capabilities and component architecture of Kafka can deliver:
- Microservices and other applications to share data with extremely high throughput and low latency
- Message ordering guarantees
- Message rewind/replay from data storage to reconstruct an application state
- Message compaction to remove old records when using a key-value log
- Horizontal scalability in a cluster configuration
- Replication of data to control fault tolerance
- Retention of high volumes of data for immediate access
1.2. Kafka use cases
Kafka’s capabilities make it suitable for:
- Event-driven architectures
- Event sourcing to capture changes to the state of an application as a log of events
- Message brokering
- Website activity tracking
- Operational monitoring through metrics
- Log collection and aggregation
- Commit logs for distributed systems
- Stream processing so that applications can respond to data in real time
1.3. How AMQ Streams supports Kafka
AMQ Streams provides container images and Operators for running Kafka on OpenShift. AMQ Streams Operators are fundamental to the running of AMQ Streams. The Operators provided with AMQ Streams are purpose-built with specialist operational knowledge to effectively manage Kafka.
Operators simplify the process of:
- Deploying and running Kafka clusters
- Deploying and running Kafka components
- Configuring access to Kafka
- Securing access to Kafka
- Upgrading Kafka
- Managing brokers
- Creating and managing topics
- Creating and managing users
1.4. Operators
AMQ Streams provides Operators for managing a Kafka cluster running within an OpenShift cluster.
- Cluster Operator
- Deploys and manages Apache Kafka clusters, Kafka Connect, Kafka MirrorMaker, Kafka Bridge, Kafka Exporter, and the Entity Operator
- Entity Operator
- Comprises the Topic Operator and User Operator
- Topic Operator
- Manages Kafka topics
- User Operator
- Manages Kafka users
The Cluster Operator can deploy the Topic Operator and User Operator as part of an Entity Operator configuration at the same time as a Kafka cluster.
Operators within the AMQ Streams architecture
1.5. AMQ Streams installation methods
There are two ways to install AMQ Streams on OpenShift.
Installation method | Description | Supported versions |
---|---|---|
Installation artifacts (YAML files) |
Download the | OpenShift 3.11 and later |
OperatorHub | Use the AMQ Streams Operator in the OperatorHub to deploy the Cluster Operator to a single namespace or all namespaces. | OpenShift 4.x only |
For the greatest flexibility, choose the installation artifacts method. Choose the OperatorHub method if you want to install AMQ Streams to OpenShift 4 in a standard configuration using the OpenShift 4 web console. The OperatorHub also allows you to take advantage of automatic updates.
In the case of both methods, the Cluster Operator is deployed to your OpenShift cluster, ready for you to deploy the other components of AMQ Streams, starting with a Kafka cluster, using the YAML example files provided.
AMQ Streams installation artifacts
The AMQ Streams installation artifacts contain various YAML files that can be deployed to OpenShift, using oc
, to create custom resources, including:
- Deployments
- Custom resource definitions (CRDs)
- Roles and role bindings
- Service accounts
YAML installation files are provided for the Cluster Operator, Topic Operator, User Operator, and the Strimzi Admin role.
OperatorHub
In OpenShift 4, the Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) helps cluster administrators to install, update, and manage the lifecycle of all Operators and their associated services running across their clusters. The OLM is part of the Operator Framework, an open source toolkit designed to manage Kubernetes-native applications (Operators) in an effective, automated, and scalable way.
The OperatorHub is part of the OpenShift 4 web console. Cluster administrators can use it to discover, install, and upgrade Operators. Operators can be pulled from the OperatorHub, installed on the OpenShift cluster to a single (project) namespace or all (projects) namespaces, and managed by the OLM. Engineering teams can then independently manage the software in development, test, and production environments using the OLM.
The OperatorHub is not available in versions of OpenShift earlier than version 4.
AMQ Streams Operator
The AMQ Streams Operator is available to install from the OperatorHub. Once installed, the AMQ Streams Operator deploys the Cluster Operator to your OpenShift cluster, along with the necessary CRDs and role-based access control (RBAC) resources.
Additional resources
Installing AMQ Streams using the installation artifacts:
Installing AMQ Streams from the OperatorHub:
- Section 2.3.6, “Deploying the Cluster Operator from the OperatorHub”
- Operators guide in the OpenShift documentation.
1.6. Document Conventions
Replaceables
In this document, replaceable text is styled in monospace and italics.
For example, in the following code, you will want to replace my-namespace
with the name of your namespace:
sed -i 's/namespace: .*/namespace: my-namespace/' install/cluster-operator/*RoleBinding*.yaml
Chapter 2. Getting started with AMQ Streams
AMQ Streams is designed to work on all types of OpenShift cluster regardless of distribution, from public and private clouds to local deployments intended for development. AMQ Streams supports a few features which are specific to OpenShift, where such integration benefits OpenShift users and cannot be implemented equivalently using standard OpenShift.
This guide assumes that an OpenShift cluster is available and the oc
command-line tool is installed and configured to connect to the running cluster.
AMQ Streams is based on Strimzi 0.17.x. This chapter describes the procedures to deploy AMQ Streams on OpenShift 3.11 and later.
To run the commands in this guide, your cluster user must have the rights to manage role-based access control (RBAC) and CRDs.
2.1. Installing AMQ Streams and deploying components
To install AMQ Streams, download and extract the amq-streams-x.y.z-ocp-install-examples.zip
file from the AMQ Streams download site.
The folder contains several YAML files to help you deploy the components of AMQ Streams to OpenShift, perform common operations, and configure your Kafka cluster. The YAML files are referenced throughout this documentation.
The remainder of this chapter provides an overview of each component and instructions for deploying the components to OpenShift using the YAML files provided.
Although container images for AMQ Streams are available in the Red Hat Container Catalog, we recommend that you use the YAML files provided instead.
2.2. Custom resources
Custom resources allow you to configure and introduce changes to a default AMQ Streams deployment. In order to use custom resources, custom resource definitions must first be defined.
Custom resource definitions (CRDs) extend the Kubernetes API, providing definitions to add custom resources to an OpenShift cluster. Custom resources are created as instances of the APIs added by CRDs.
In AMQ Streams, CRDs introduce custom resources specific to AMQ Streams to an OpenShift cluster, such as Kafka, Kafka Connect, Kafka MirrorMaker, and users and topics custom resources. CRDs provide configuration instructions, defining the schemas used to instantiate and manage the AMQ Streams-specific resources. CRDs also allow AMQ Streams resources to benefit from native OpenShift features like CLI accessibility and configuration validation.
CRDs require a one-time installation in a cluster. Depending on the cluster setup, installation typically requires cluster admin privileges.
Access to manage custom resources is limited to AMQ Streams administrators.
CRDs and custom resources are defined as YAML files.
A CRD defines a new kind
of resource, such as kind:Kafka
, within an OpenShift cluster.
The Kubernetes API server allows custom resources to be created based on the kind
and understands from the CRD how to validate and store the custom resource when it is added to the OpenShift cluster.
When CRDs are deleted, custom resources of that type are also deleted. Additionally, the resources created by the custom resource, such as pods and statefulsets are also deleted.
Additional resources
2.2.1. AMQ Streams custom resource example
Each AMQ Streams-specific custom resource conforms to the schema defined by the CRD for the resource’s kind
.
To understand the relationship between a CRD and a custom resource, let’s look at a sample of the CRD for a Kafka topic.
Kafka topic CRD
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: CustomResourceDefinition metadata: 1 name: kafkatopics.kafka.strimzi.io labels: app: strimzi spec: 2 group: kafka.strimzi.io versions: v1beta1 scope: Namespaced names: # ... singular: kafkatopic plural: kafkatopics shortNames: - kt 3 additionalPrinterColumns: 4 # ... subresources: status: {} 5 validation: 6 openAPIV3Schema: properties: spec: type: object properties: partitions: type: integer minimum: 1 replicas: type: integer minimum: 1 maximum: 32767 # ...
- 1
- The metadata for the topic CRD, its name and a label to identify the CRD.
- 2
- The specification for this CRD, including the group (domain) name, the plural name and the supported schema version, which are used in the URL to access the API of the topic. The other names are used to identify instance resources in the CLI. For example,
oc get kafkatopic my-topic
oroc get kafkatopics
. - 3
- The shortname can be used in CLI commands. For example,
oc get kt
can be used as an abbreviation instead ofoc get kafkatopic
. - 4
- The information presented when using a
get
command on the custom resource. - 5
- The current status of the CRD as described in the schema reference for the resource.
- 6
- openAPIV3Schema validation provides validation for the creation of topic custom resources. For example, a topic requires at least one partition and one replica.
You can identify the CRD YAML files supplied with the AMQ Streams installation files, because the file names contain an index number followed by ‘Crd’.
Here is a corresponding example of a KafkaTopic
custom resource.
Kafka topic custom resource
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaTopic 1 metadata: name: my-topic labels: strimzi.io/cluster: my-cluster 2 spec: 3 partitions: 1 replicas: 1 config: retention.ms: 7200000 segment.bytes: 1073741824 status: conditions: 4 lastTransitionTime: "2019-08-20T11:37:00.706Z" status: "True" type: Ready observedGeneration: 1 / ...
- 1
- The
kind
andapiVersion
identify the CRD of which the custom resource is an instance. - 2
- A label, applicable only to
KafkaTopic
andKafkaUser
resources, that defines the name of the Kafka cluster (which is same as the name of theKafka
resource) to which a topic or user belongs.The name is used by the Topic Operator and User Operator to identify the Kafka cluster when creating a topic or user.
- 3
- The spec shows the number of partitions and replicas for the topic as well as the configuration parameters for the topic itself. In this example, the retention period for a message to remain in the topic and the segment file size for the log are specified.
- 4
- Status conditions for the
KafkaTopic
resource. Thetype
condition changed toReady
at thelastTransitionTime
.
Custom resources can be applied to a cluster through the platform CLI. When the custom resource is created, it uses the same validation as the built-in resources of the Kubernetes API.
After a KafkaTopic
custom resource is created, the Topic Operator is notified and corresponding Kafka topics are created in AMQ Streams.
2.2.2. AMQ Streams custom resource status
The status
property of a AMQ Streams custom resource publishes information about the resource to users and tools that need it.
Several resources have a status
property, as described in the following table.
AMQ Streams resource | Schema reference | Publishes status information on… |
---|---|---|
| The Kafka cluster. | |
| The Kafka Connect cluster, if deployed. | |
| The Kafka Connect cluster with Source-to-Image support, if deployed. | |
|
| |
| The Kafka MirrorMaker tool, if deployed. | |
| Kafka topics in your Kafka cluster. | |
| Kafka users in your Kafka cluster. | |
| The AMQ Streams Kafka Bridge, if deployed. |
The status
property of a resource provides information on the resource’s:
-
Current state, in the
status.conditions
property -
Last observed generation, in the
status.observedGeneration
property
The status
property also provides resource-specific information. For example:
-
KafkaConnectStatus
provides the REST API endpoint for Kafka Connect connectors. -
KafkaUserStatus
provides the user name of the Kafka user and theSecret
in which their credentials are stored. -
KafkaBridgeStatus
provides the HTTP address at which external client applications can access the Bridge service.
A resource’s current state is useful for tracking progress related to the resource achieving its desired state, as defined by the spec
property. The status conditions provide the time and reason the state of the resource changed and details of events preventing or delaying the operator from realizing the resource’s desired state.
The last observed generation is the generation of the resource that was last reconciled by the Cluster Operator. If the value of observedGeneration
is different from the value of metadata.generation
, the operator has not yet processed the latest update to the resource. If these values are the same, the status information reflects the most recent changes to the resource.
AMQ Streams creates and maintains the status of custom resources, periodically evaluating the current state of the custom resource and updating its status accordingly. When performing an update on a custom resource using oc edit
, for example, its status
is not editable. Moreover, changing the status
would not affect the configuration of the Kafka cluster.
Here we see the status
property specified for a Kafka custom resource.
Kafka custom resource with status
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: spec: # ... status: conditions: 1 - lastTransitionTime: 2019-07-23T23:46:57+0000 status: "True" type: Ready 2 observedGeneration: 4 3 listeners: 4 - addresses: - host: my-cluster-kafka-bootstrap.myproject.svc port: 9092 type: plain - addresses: - host: my-cluster-kafka-bootstrap.myproject.svc port: 9093 certificates: - | -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- type: tls - addresses: - host: 172.29.49.180 port: 9094 certificates: - | -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- type: external # ...
- 1
- Status
conditions
describe criteria related to the status that cannot be deduced from the existing resource information, or are specific to the instance of a resource. - 2
- The
Ready
condition indicates whether the Cluster Operator currently considers the Kafka cluster able to handle traffic. - 3
- The
observedGeneration
indicates the generation of theKafka
custom resource that was last reconciled by the Cluster Operator. - 4
- The
listeners
describe the current Kafka bootstrap addresses by type.ImportantThe address in the custom resource status for external listeners with type
nodeport
is currently not supported.
The Kafka bootstrap addresses listed in the status do not signify that those endpoints or the Kafka cluster is in a ready state.
Accessing status information
You can access status information for a resource from the command line. For more information, see Section 16.1, “Checking the status of a custom resource”.
2.3. Cluster Operator
The Cluster Operator is responsible for deploying and managing Apache Kafka clusters within an OpenShift cluster.
2.3.1. Cluster Operator
AMQ Streams uses the Cluster Operator to deploy and manage clusters for:
- Kafka (including ZooKeeper, Entity Operator and Kafka Exporter)
- Kafka Connect
- Kafka MirrorMaker
- Kafka Bridge
Custom resources are used to deploy the clusters.
For example, to deploy a Kafka cluster:
-
A
Kafka
resource with the cluster configuration is created within the OpenShift cluster. -
The Cluster Operator deploys a corresponding Kafka cluster, based on what is declared in the
Kafka
resource.
The Cluster Operator can also deploy (through configuration of the Kafka
resource):
-
A Topic Operator to provide operator-style topic management through
KafkaTopic
custom resources -
A User Operator to provide operator-style user management through
KafkaUser
custom resources
The Topic Operator and User Operator function within the Entity Operator on deployment.
Example architecture for the Cluster Operator
2.3.2. Watch options for a Cluster Operator deployment
When the Cluster Operator is running, it starts to watch for updates of Kafka resources.
Depending on the deployment, the Cluster Operator can watch Kafka resources from:
AMQ Streams provides example YAML files to make the deployment process easier.
The Cluster Operator watches for changes to the following resources:
-
Kafka
for the Kafka cluster. -
KafkaConnect
for the Kafka Connect cluster. -
KafkaConnectS2I
for the Kafka Connect cluster with Source2Image support. -
KafkaConnector
for creating and managing connectors in a Kafka Connect cluster. -
KafkaMirrorMaker
for the Kafka MirrorMaker instance. -
KafkaBridge
for the Kafka Bridge instance
When one of these resources is created in the OpenShift cluster, the operator gets the cluster description from the resource and starts creating a new cluster for the resource by creating the necessary OpenShift resources, such as StatefulSets, Services and ConfigMaps.
Each time a Kafka resource is updated, the operator performs corresponding updates on the OpenShift resources that make up the cluster for the resource.
Resources are either patched or deleted, and then recreated in order to make the cluster for the resource reflect the desired state of the cluster. This operation might cause a rolling update that might lead to service disruption.
When a resource is deleted, the operator undeploys the cluster and deletes all related OpenShift resources.
2.3.3. Deploying the Cluster Operator to watch a single namespace
Prerequisites
-
This procedure requires use of an OpenShift user account which is able to create
CustomResourceDefinitions
,ClusterRoles
andClusterRoleBindings
. Use of Role Base Access Control (RBAC) in the OpenShift cluster usually means that permission to create, edit, and delete these resources is limited to OpenShift cluster administrators, such assystem:admin
. Modify the installation files according to the namespace the Cluster Operator is going to be installed in.
On Linux, use:
sed -i 's/namespace: .*/namespace: my-namespace/' install/cluster-operator/*RoleBinding*.yaml
On MacOS, use:
sed -i '' 's/namespace: .*/namespace: my-namespace/' install/cluster-operator/*RoleBinding*.yaml
Procedure
Deploy the Cluster Operator:
oc apply -f install/cluster-operator -n my-namespace
2.3.4. Deploying the Cluster Operator to watch multiple namespaces
Prerequisites
-
This procedure requires use of an OpenShift user account which is able to create
CustomResourceDefinitions
,ClusterRoles
andClusterRoleBindings
. Use of Role Base Access Control (RBAC) in the OpenShift cluster usually means that permission to create, edit, and delete these resources is limited to OpenShift cluster administrators, such assystem:admin
. Edit the installation files according to the namespace the Cluster Operator is going to be installed in.
On Linux, use:
sed -i 's/namespace: .*/namespace: my-namespace/' install/cluster-operator/*RoleBinding*.yaml
On MacOS, use:
sed -i '' 's/namespace: .*/namespace: my-namespace/' install/cluster-operator/*RoleBinding*.yaml
Procedure
Edit the file
install/cluster-operator/050-Deployment-strimzi-cluster-operator.yaml
and in the environment variableSTRIMZI_NAMESPACE
list all the namespaces where Cluster Operator should watch for resources. For example:apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment spec: # ... template: spec: serviceAccountName: strimzi-cluster-operator containers: - name: strimzi-cluster-operator image: registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-rhel7-operator:1.4.0 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: STRIMZI_NAMESPACE value: watched-namespace-1,watched-namespace-2,watched-namespace-3
For all namespaces which should be watched by the Cluster Operator (
watched-namespace-1
,watched-namespace-2
,watched-namespace-3
in the above example), install theRoleBindings
. Replace thewatched-namespace
with the namespace used in the previous step.This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f install/cluster-operator/020-RoleBinding-strimzi-cluster-operator.yaml -n watched-namespace oc apply -f install/cluster-operator/031-RoleBinding-strimzi-cluster-operator-entity-operator-delegation.yaml -n watched-namespace oc apply -f install/cluster-operator/032-RoleBinding-strimzi-cluster-operator-topic-operator-delegation.yaml -n watched-namespace
Deploy the Cluster Operator
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f install/cluster-operator -n my-namespace
2.3.5. Deploying the Cluster Operator to watch all namespaces
You can configure the Cluster Operator to watch AMQ Streams resources across all namespaces in your OpenShift cluster. When running in this mode, the Cluster Operator automatically manages clusters in any new namespaces that are created.
Prerequisites
-
This procedure requires use of an OpenShift user account which is able to create
CustomResourceDefinitions
,ClusterRoles
andClusterRoleBindings
. Use of Role Base Access Control (RBAC) in the OpenShift cluster usually means that permission to create, edit, and delete these resources is limited to OpenShift cluster administrators, such assystem:admin
. - Your OpenShift cluster is running.
Procedure
Configure the Cluster Operator to watch all namespaces:
-
Edit the
050-Deployment-strimzi-cluster-operator.yaml
file. Set the value of the
STRIMZI_NAMESPACE
environment variable to*
.apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment spec: # ... template: spec: # ... serviceAccountName: strimzi-cluster-operator containers: - name: strimzi-cluster-operator image: registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-rhel7-operator:1.4.0 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: STRIMZI_NAMESPACE value: "*" # ...
-
Edit the
Create
ClusterRoleBindings
that grant cluster-wide access to all namespaces to the Cluster Operator.Use the
oc create clusterrolebinding
command:oc create clusterrolebinding strimzi-cluster-operator-namespaced --clusterrole=strimzi-cluster-operator-namespaced --serviceaccount my-namespace:strimzi-cluster-operator oc create clusterrolebinding strimzi-cluster-operator-entity-operator-delegation --clusterrole=strimzi-entity-operator --serviceaccount my-namespace:strimzi-cluster-operator oc create clusterrolebinding strimzi-cluster-operator-topic-operator-delegation --clusterrole=strimzi-topic-operator --serviceaccount my-namespace:strimzi-cluster-operator
Replace
my-namespace
with the namespace in which you want to install the Cluster Operator.Deploy the Cluster Operator to your OpenShift cluster.
Use the
oc apply
command:oc apply -f install/cluster-operator -n my-namespace
2.3.6. Deploying the Cluster Operator from the OperatorHub
You can deploy the Cluster Operator to your OpenShift cluster by installing the AMQ Streams Operator from the OperatorHub. The OperatorHub is available in OpenShift 4 only.
Prerequisites
-
The Red Hat Operators
OperatorSource
is enabled in your OpenShift cluster. If you can see Red Hat Operators in the OperatorHub, the correctOperatorSource
is enabled. For more information, see the Operators guide. - Installation requires a user with sufficient privileges to install Operators from the OperatorHub.
Procedure
- In the OpenShift 4 web console, click Operators > OperatorHub.
Search or browse for the AMQ Streams Operator, in the Streaming & Messaging category.
- Click the AMQ Streams tile and then, in the sidebar on the right, click Install.
On the Create Operator Subscription screen, choose from the following installation and update options:
- Installation Mode: Choose to install the AMQ Streams Operator to all (projects) namespaces in the cluster (the default option) or a specific (project) namespace. It is good practice to use namespaces to separate functions. We recommend that you install the Operator to its own namespace, separate from the namespace that will contain the Kafka cluster and other AMQ Streams components.
- Approval Strategy: By default, the AMQ Streams Operator is automatically upgraded to the latest AMQ Streams version by the Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM). Optionally, select Manual if you want to manually approve future upgrades. For more information, see the Operators guide in the OpenShift documentation.
Click Subscribe; the AMQ Streams Operator is installed to your OpenShift cluster.
The AMQ Streams Operator deploys the Cluster Operator, CRDs, and role-based access control (RBAC) resources to the selected namespace, or to all namespaces.
On the Installed Operators screen, check the progress of the installation. The AMQ Streams Operator is ready to use when its status changes to InstallSucceeded.
Next, you can deploy the other components of AMQ Streams, starting with a Kafka cluster, using the YAML example files.
2.4. Kafka cluster
You can use AMQ Streams to deploy an ephemeral or persistent Kafka cluster to OpenShift. When installing Kafka, AMQ Streams also installs a ZooKeeper cluster and adds the necessary configuration to connect Kafka with ZooKeeper.
You can also use it to deploy Kafka Exporter.
- Ephemeral cluster
-
In general, an ephemeral (that is, temporary) Kafka cluster is suitable for development and testing purposes, not for production. This deployment uses
emptyDir
volumes for storing broker information (for ZooKeeper) and topics or partitions (for Kafka). Using anemptyDir
volume means that its content is strictly related to the pod life cycle and is deleted when the pod goes down. - Persistent cluster
-
A persistent Kafka cluster uses
PersistentVolumes
to store ZooKeeper and Kafka data. ThePersistentVolume
is acquired using aPersistentVolumeClaim
to make it independent of the actual type of thePersistentVolume
. For example, it can use Amazon EBS volumes in Amazon AWS deployments without any changes in the YAML files. ThePersistentVolumeClaim
can use aStorageClass
to trigger automatic volume provisioning.
AMQ Streams includes several examples for deploying a Kafka cluster.
-
kafka-persistent.yaml
deploys a persistent cluster with three ZooKeeper and three Kafka nodes. -
kafka-jbod.yaml
deploys a persistent cluster with three ZooKeeper and three Kafka nodes (each using multiple persistent volumes). -
kafka-persistent-single.yaml
deploys a persistent cluster with a single ZooKeeper node and a single Kafka node. -
kafka-ephemeral.yaml
deploys an ephemeral cluster with three ZooKeeper and three Kafka nodes. -
kafka-ephemeral-single.yaml
deploys an ephemeral cluster with three ZooKeeper nodes and a single Kafka node.
The example clusters are named my-cluster
by default. The cluster name is defined by the name of the resource and cannot be changed after the cluster has been deployed. To change the cluster name before you deploy the cluster, edit the Kafka.metadata.name
property of the resource in the relevant YAML file.
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster # ...
2.4.1. Deploying the Kafka cluster
You can deploy an ephemeral or persistent Kafka cluster to OpenShift on the command line.
Prerequisites
- The Cluster Operator is deployed.
Procedure
If you plan to use the cluster for development or testing purposes, you can create and deploy an ephemeral cluster using
oc apply
.oc apply -f examples/kafka/kafka-ephemeral.yaml
If you plan to use the cluster in production, create and deploy a persistent cluster using
oc apply
.oc apply -f examples/kafka/kafka-persistent.yaml
Additional resources
- For more information on deploying the Cluster Operator, see Section 2.3, “Cluster Operator”.
-
For more information on the different configuration options supported by the
Kafka
resource, see Section 3.1, “Kafka cluster configuration”.
2.5. Kafka Connect
Kafka Connect is a tool for streaming data between Apache Kafka and external systems. It provides a framework for moving large amounts of data into and out of your Kafka cluster while maintaining scalability and reliability. Kafka Connect is typically used to integrate Kafka with external databases and storage and messaging systems.
In Kafka Connect, a source connector is a runtime entity that fetches data from an external system and feeds it to Kafka as messages. A sink connector is a runtime entity that fetches messages from Kafka topics and feeds them to an external system. The workload of connectors is divided into tasks. Tasks are distributed among nodes (also called workers), which form a Connect cluster. This allows the message flow to be highly scalable and reliable.
Each connector is an instance of a particular connector class that knows how to communicate with the relevant external system in terms of messages. Connectors are available for many external systems, or you can develop your own.
The term connector is used interchangably to mean a connector instance running within a Kafka Connect cluster, or a connector class. This guide uses the term connector when the meaning is clear from the context.
AMQ Streams allows you to:
- Create a Kafka Connect image containing the connectors you want
-
Deploy and manage a Kafka Connect cluster running within OpenShift using a
KafkaConnect
resource -
Run connectors within your Kafka Connect cluster, optionally managed using
KafkaConnector
resources
Kafka Connect includes the following built-in connectors for moving file-based data into and out of your Kafka cluster.
File Connector | Description |
---|---|
| Transfers data to your Kafka cluster from a file (the source). |
| Transfers data from your Kafka cluster to a file (the sink). |
To use other connector classes, you need to prepare connector images by following one of these procedures:
The Cluster Operator can use images that you create to deploy a Kafka Connect cluster to your OpenShift cluster.
A Kafka Connect cluster is implemented as a Deployment
with a configurable number of workers.
You can create and manage connectors using KafkaConnector
resources or manually using the Kafka Connect REST API, which is available on port 8083 as the <connect-cluster-name>-connect-api
service. The operations supported by the REST API are described in the Apache Kafka documentation.
2.5.1. Deploying Kafka Connect to your cluster
You can deploy a Kafka Connect cluster to your OpenShift cluster by using the Cluster Operator.
Prerequisites
Procedure
Use the
oc apply
command to create aKafkaConnect
resource based on thekafka-connect.yaml
file:oc apply -f examples/kafka-connect/kafka-connect.yaml
Additional resources
2.5.2. Extending Kafka Connect with connector plug-ins
The AMQ Streams container images for Kafka Connect include the two built-in file connectors: FileStreamSourceConnector
and FileStreamSinkConnector
. You can add your own connectors by:
- Creating a container image from the Kafka Connect base image (manually or using your CI (continuous integration), for example).
- Creating a container image using OpenShift builds and Source-to-Image (S2I) - available only on OpenShift.
2.5.2.1. Creating a Docker image from the Kafka Connect base image
You can use the Kafka container image on Red Hat Container Catalog as a base image for creating your own custom image with additional connector plug-ins.
The following procedure explains how to create your custom image and add it to the /opt/kafka/plugins
directory. At startup, the AMQ Streams version of Kafka Connect loads any third-party connector plug-ins contained in the /opt/kafka/plugins
directory.
Prerequisites
Procedure
Create a new
Dockerfile
usingregistry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
as the base image:FROM registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0 USER root:root COPY ./my-plugins/ /opt/kafka/plugins/ USER 1001
- Build the container image.
- Push your custom image to your container registry.
Point to the new container image.
You can either:
Edit the
KafkaConnect.spec.image
property of theKafkaConnect
custom resource.If set, this property overrides the
STRIMZI_KAFKA_CONNECT_IMAGES
variable in the Cluster Operator.apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect-cluster spec: #... image: my-new-container-image
or
-
In the
install/cluster-operator/050-Deployment-strimzi-cluster-operator.yaml
file, edit theSTRIMZI_KAFKA_CONNECT_IMAGES
variable to point to the new container image, and then reinstall the Cluster Operator.
Additional resources
-
For more information on the
KafkaConnect.spec.image property
, see Section 3.2.11, “Container images”. -
For more information on the
STRIMZI_KAFKA_CONNECT_IMAGES
variable, see Section 4.1.7, “Cluster Operator Configuration”.
2.5.2.2. Creating a container image using OpenShift builds and Source-to-Image
You can use OpenShift builds and the Source-to-Image (S2I) framework to create new container images. An OpenShift build takes a builder image with S2I support, together with source code and binaries provided by the user, and uses them to build a new container image. Once built, container images are stored in OpenShift’s local container image repository and are available for use in deployments.
A Kafka Connect builder image with S2I support is provided on the Red Hat Container Catalog as part of the registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
image. This S2I image takes your binaries (with plug-ins and connectors) and stores them in the /tmp/kafka-plugins/s2i
directory. It creates a new Kafka Connect image from this directory, which can then be used with the Kafka Connect deployment. When started using the enhanced image, Kafka Connect loads any third-party plug-ins from the /tmp/kafka-plugins/s2i
directory.
Procedure
On the command line, use the
oc apply
command to create and deploy a Kafka Connect S2I cluster:oc apply -f examples/kafka-connect/kafka-connect-s2i.yaml
Create a directory with Kafka Connect plug-ins:
$ tree ./my-plugins/ ./my-plugins/ ├── debezium-connector-mongodb │ ├── bson-3.4.2.jar │ ├── CHANGELOG.md │ ├── CONTRIBUTE.md │ ├── COPYRIGHT.txt │ ├── debezium-connector-mongodb-0.7.1.jar │ ├── debezium-core-0.7.1.jar │ ├── LICENSE.txt │ ├── mongodb-driver-3.4.2.jar │ ├── mongodb-driver-core-3.4.2.jar │ └── README.md ├── debezium-connector-mysql │ ├── CHANGELOG.md │ ├── CONTRIBUTE.md │ ├── COPYRIGHT.txt │ ├── debezium-connector-mysql-0.7.1.jar │ ├── debezium-core-0.7.1.jar │ ├── LICENSE.txt │ ├── mysql-binlog-connector-java-0.13.0.jar │ ├── mysql-connector-java-5.1.40.jar │ ├── README.md │ └── wkb-1.0.2.jar └── debezium-connector-postgres ├── CHANGELOG.md ├── CONTRIBUTE.md ├── COPYRIGHT.txt ├── debezium-connector-postgres-0.7.1.jar ├── debezium-core-0.7.1.jar ├── LICENSE.txt ├── postgresql-42.0.0.jar ├── protobuf-java-2.6.1.jar └── README.md
Use the
oc start-build
command to start a new build of the image using the prepared directory:oc start-build my-connect-cluster-connect --from-dir ./my-plugins/
NoteThe name of the build is the same as the name of the deployed Kafka Connect cluster.
- Once the build has finished, the new image is used automatically by the Kafka Connect deployment.
2.5.3. Creating and managing connectors
When you have created a container image for your connector plug-in, you need to create a connector instance in your Kafka Connect cluster. You can then configure, monitor, and manage a running connector instance.
AMQ Streams provides two APIs for creating and managing connectors:
-
KafkaConnector
resources (referred to asKafkaConnectors
) - Kafka Connect REST API
Using the APIs, you can:
- Check the status of a connector instance
- Reconfigure a running connector
- Increase or decrease the number of tasks for a connector instance
-
Restart failed tasks (not supported by
KafkaConnector
resource) - Pause a connector instance
- Resume a previously paused connector instance
- Delete a connector instance
2.5.3.1. KafkaConnector
resources
KafkaConnectors
allow you to create and manage connector instances for Kafka Connect in an OpenShift-native way, so an HTTP client such as cURL is not required. Like other Kafka resources, you declare a connector’s desired state in a KafkaConnector
YAML file that is deployed to your OpenShift cluster to create the connector instance.
You manage a running connector instance by updating its corresponding KafkaConnector
, and then applying the updates. You remove a connector by deleting its corresponding KafkaConnector
.
To ensure compatibility with earlier versions of AMQ Streams, KafkaConnectors
are disabled by default. To enable them for a Kafka Connect cluster, you must use annotations on the KafkaConnect
resource. For instructions, see Section 3.2.14, “Enabling KafkaConnector
resources”.
When KafkaConnectors
are enabled, the Cluster Operator begins to watch for them. It updates the configurations of running connector instances to match the configurations defined in their KafkaConnectors
.
AMQ Streams includes an example KafkaConnector
, named examples/connector/source-connector.yaml
. You can use this example to create and manage a FileStreamSourceConnector
.
2.5.3.2. Availability of the Kafka Connect REST API
The Kafka Connect REST API is available on port 8083 as the <connect-cluster-name>-connect-api
service.
If KafkaConnectors
are enabled, manual changes made directly using the Kafka Connect REST API are reverted by the Cluster Operator.
2.5.4. Deploying a KafkaConnector
resource to Kafka Connect
Deploy the example KafkaConnector
to a Kafka Connect cluster. The example YAML will create a FileStreamSourceConnector
to send each line of the license file to Kafka as a message in a topic named my-topic
.
Prerequisites
-
A Kafka Connect deployment in which
KafkaConnectors
are enabled - A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
examples/connector/source-connector.yaml
file:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1alpha1 kind: KafkaConnector metadata: name: my-source-connector 1 labels: strimzi.io/cluster: my-connect-cluster 2 spec: class: org.apache.kafka.connect.file.FileStreamSourceConnector 3 tasksMax: 2 4 config: 5 file: "/opt/kafka/LICENSE" topic: my-topic # ...
- 1
- Enter a name for the
KafkaConnector
resource. This will be used as the name of the connector within Kafka Connect. You can choose any name that is valid for an OpenShift resource. - 2
- Enter the name of the Kafka Connect cluster in which to create the connector.
- 3
- The name or alias of the connector class. This should be present in the image being used by the Kafka Connect cluster.
- 4
- The maximum number of tasks that the connector can create.
- 5
- Configuration settings for the connector. Available configuration options depend on the connector class.
Create the
KafkaConnector
in your OpenShift cluster:oc apply -f examples/connector/source-connector.yaml
Check that the resource was created:
oc get kctr --selector strimzi.io/cluster=my-connect-cluster -o name
2.6. Kafka MirrorMaker
The Cluster Operator deploys one or more Kafka MirrorMaker replicas to replicate data between Kafka clusters. This process is called mirroring to avoid confusion with the Kafka partitions replication concept. The MirrorMaker consumes messages from the source cluster and republishes those messages to the target cluster.
For information about example resources and the format for deploying Kafka MirrorMaker, see Kafka MirrorMaker configuration.
2.6.1. Deploying Kafka MirrorMaker
Prerequisites
- Before deploying Kafka MirrorMaker, the Cluster Operator must be deployed.
Procedure
Create a Kafka MirrorMaker cluster from the command-line:
oc apply -f examples/kafka-mirror-maker/kafka-mirror-maker.yaml
Additional resources
- For more information about deploying the Cluster Operator, see Section 2.3, “Cluster Operator”
2.7. Kafka Bridge
The Cluster Operator deploys one or more Kafka bridge replicas to send data between Kafka clusters and clients via HTTP API.
For information about example resources and the format for deploying Kafka Bridge, see Kafka Bridge configuration.
2.7.1. Deploying Kafka Bridge to your OpenShift cluster
You can deploy a Kafka Bridge cluster to your OpenShift cluster by using the Cluster Operator.
Prerequisites
Procedure
Use the
oc apply
command to create aKafkaBridge
resource based on thekafka-bridge.yaml
file:oc apply -f examples/kafka-bridge/kafka-bridge.yaml
Additional resources
2.8. Deploying example clients
Prerequisites
- An existing Kafka cluster for the client to connect to.
Procedure
Deploy the producer.
Use
oc run
:oc run kafka-producer -ti --image=registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0 --rm=true --restart=Never -- bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list cluster-name-kafka-bootstrap:9092 --topic my-topic
- Type your message into the console where the producer is running.
- Press Enter to send the message.
Deploy the consumer.
Use
oc run
:oc run kafka-consumer -ti --image=registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0 --rm=true --restart=Never -- bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server cluster-name-kafka-bootstrap:9092 --topic my-topic --from-beginning
- Confirm that you see the incoming messages in the consumer console.
2.9. Topic Operator
The Topic Operator is responsible for managing Kafka topics within a Kafka cluster running within an OpenShift cluster.
2.9.1. Topic Operator
The Topic Operator provides a way of managing topics in a Kafka cluster through OpenShift resources.
Example architecture for the Topic Operator
The role of the Topic Operator is to keep a set of KafkaTopic
OpenShift resources describing Kafka topics in-sync with corresponding Kafka topics.
Specifically, if a KafkaTopic
is:
- Created, the Topic Operator creates the topic
- Deleted, the Topic Operator deletes the topic
- Changed, the Topic Operator updates the topic
Working in the other direction, if a topic is:
-
Created within the Kafka cluster, the Operator creates a
KafkaTopic
-
Deleted from the Kafka cluster, the Operator deletes the
KafkaTopic
-
Changed in the Kafka cluster, the Operator updates the
KafkaTopic
This allows you to declare a KafkaTopic
as part of your application’s deployment and the Topic Operator will take care of creating the topic for you. Your application just needs to deal with producing or consuming from the necessary topics.
If the topic is reconfigured or reassigned to different Kafka nodes, the KafkaTopic
will always be up to date.
2.9.2. Deploying the Topic Operator using the Cluster Operator
This procedure describes how to deploy the Topic Operator using the Cluster Operator. If you want to use the Topic Operator with a Kafka cluster that is not managed by AMQ Streams, you must deploy the Topic Operator as a standalone component. For more information, see Section 4.2.6, “Deploying the standalone Topic Operator”.
Prerequisites
- A running Cluster Operator
-
A
Kafka
resource to be created or updated
Procedure
Ensure that the
Kafka.spec.entityOperator
object exists in theKafka
resource. This configures the Entity Operator.apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: #... entityOperator: topicOperator: {} userOperator: {}
-
Configure the Topic Operator using the properties described in Section B.62, “
EntityTopicOperatorSpec
schema reference”. Create or update the Kafka resource in OpenShift.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
- For more information about deploying the Cluster Operator, see Section 2.3, “Cluster Operator”.
- For more information about deploying the Entity Operator, see Section 3.1.11, “Entity Operator”.
-
For more information about the
Kafka.spec.entityOperator
object used to configure the Topic Operator when deployed by the Cluster Operator, see Section B.61, “EntityOperatorSpec
schema reference”.
2.10. User Operator
The User Operator is responsible for managing Kafka users within a Kafka cluster running within an OpenShift cluster.
2.10.1. User Operator
The User Operator manages Kafka users for a Kafka cluster by watching for KafkaUser
resources that describe Kafka users, and ensuring that they are configured properly in the Kafka cluster.
For example, if a KafkaUser
is:
- Created, the User Operator creates the user it describes
- Deleted, the User Operator deletes the user it describes
- Changed, the User Operator updates the user it describes
Unlike the Topic Operator, the User Operator does not sync any changes from the Kafka cluster with the OpenShift resources. Kafka topics can be created by applications directly in Kafka, but it is not expected that the users will be managed directly in the Kafka cluster in parallel with the User Operator.
The User Operator allows you to declare a KafkaUser
resource as part of your application’s deployment. You can specify the authentication and authorization mechanism for the user. You can also configure user quotas that control usage of Kafka resources to ensure, for example, that a user does not monopolize access to a broker.
When the user is created, the user credentials are created in a Secret
. Your application needs to use the user and its credentials for authentication and to produce or consume messages.
In addition to managing credentials for authentication, the User Operator also manages authorization rules by including a description of the user’s access rights in the KafkaUser
declaration.
2.10.2. Deploying the User Operator using the Cluster Operator
Prerequisites
- A running Cluster Operator
-
A
Kafka
resource to be created or updated.
Procedure
-
Edit the
Kafka
resource ensuring it has aKafka.spec.entityOperator.userOperator
object that configures the User Operator how you want. Create or update the Kafka resource in OpenShift.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
- For more information about deploying the Cluster Operator, see Section 2.3, “Cluster Operator”.
-
For more information about the
Kafka.spec.entityOperator
object used to configure the User Operator when deployed by the Cluster Operator, seeEntityOperatorSpec
schema reference.
2.11. Strimzi Administrators
AMQ Streams includes several custom resources. By default, permission to create, edit, and delete these resources is limited to OpenShift cluster administrators. If you want to allow non-cluster administators to manage AMQ Streams resources, you must assign them the Strimzi Administrator role.
2.11.1. Designating Strimzi Administrators
Prerequisites
-
AMQ Streams
CustomResourceDefinitions
are installed.
Procedure
Create the
strimzi-admin
cluster role in OpenShift.Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f install/strimzi-admin
Assign the
strimzi-admin
ClusterRole
to one or more existing users in the OpenShift cluster.Use
oc create
:oc create clusterrolebinding strimzi-admin --clusterrole=strimzi-admin --user=user1 --user=user2
2.12. Container images
Container images for AMQ Streams are available in the Red Hat Container Catalog. The installation YAML files provided by AMQ Streams will pull the images directly from the Red Hat Container Catalog.
If you do not have access to the Red Hat Container Catalog or want to use your own container repository:
- Pull all container images listed here
- Push them into your own registry
- Update the image names in the installation YAML files
Each Kafka version supported for the release has a separate image.
Container image | Namespace/Repository | Description |
---|---|---|
Kafka |
| AMQ Streams image for running Kafka, including:
|
Operator |
| AMQ Streams image for running the operators:
|
Kafka Bridge |
| AMQ Streams image for running the AMQ Streams kafka Bridge |
Chapter 3. Deployment configuration
This chapter describes how to configure different aspects of the supported deployments:
- Kafka clusters
- Kafka Connect clusters
- Kafka Connect clusters with Source2Image support
- Kafka Mirror Maker
- Kafka Bridge
- OAuth 2.0 token-based authentication
- OAuth 2.0 token-based authorization
3.1. Kafka cluster configuration
The full schema of the Kafka
resource is described in the Section B.1, “Kafka
schema reference”. All labels that are applied to the desired Kafka
resource will also be applied to the OpenShift resources making up the Kafka cluster. This provides a convenient mechanism for resources to be labeled as required.
3.1.1. Sample Kafka YAML configuration
For help in understanding the configuration options available for your Kafka deployment, refer to sample YAML file provided here.
The sample shows only some of the possible configuration options, but those that are particularly important include:
- Resource requests (CPU / Memory)
- JVM options for maximum and minimum memory allocation
- Listeners (and authentication)
- Authentication
- Storage
- Rack awareness
- Metrics
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: replicas: 3 1 version: 1.4 2 resources: 3 requests: memory: 64Gi cpu: "8" limits: 4 memory: 64Gi cpu: "12" jvmOptions: 5 -Xms: 8192m -Xmx: 8192m listeners: 6 tls: authentication:7 type: tls external: 8 type: route authentication: type: tls configuration: brokerCertChainAndKey: 9 secretName: my-secret certificate: my-certificate.crt key: my-key.key authorization: 10 type: simple config: 11 auto.create.topics.enable: "false" offsets.topic.replication.factor: 3 transaction.state.log.replication.factor: 3 transaction.state.log.min.isr: 2 storage: 12 type: persistent-claim 13 size: 10000Gi 14 rack: 15 topologyKey: failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone metrics: 16 lowercaseOutputName: true rules: 17 # Special cases and very specific rules - pattern : kafka.server<type=(.+), name=(.+), clientId=(.+), topic=(.+), partition=(.*)><>Value name: kafka_server_$1_$2 type: GAUGE labels: clientId: "$3" topic: "$4" partition: "$5" # ... zookeeper: 18 replicas: 3 resources: requests: memory: 8Gi cpu: "2" limits: memory: 8Gi cpu: "2" jvmOptions: -Xms: 4096m -Xmx: 4096m storage: type: persistent-claim size: 1000Gi metrics: # ... entityOperator: 19 topicOperator: resources: requests: memory: 512Mi cpu: "1" limits: memory: 512Mi cpu: "1" userOperator: resources: requests: memory: 512Mi cpu: "1" limits: memory: 512Mi cpu: "1" kafkaExporter: 20 # ...
- 1
- Replicas specifies the number of broker nodes.
- 2
- Kafka version, which can be changed by following the upgrade procedure.
- 3
- Resource requests specify the resources to reserve for a given container.
- 4
- Resource limits specify the maximum resources that can be consumed by a container.
- 5
- 6
- Listeners configure how clients connect to the Kafka cluster via bootstrap addresses. Listeners are configured as
plain
(without encryption),tls
orexternal
. - 7
- Listener authentication mechanisms may be configured for each listener, and specified as mutual TLS or SCRAM-SHA.
- 8
- External listener configuration specifies how the Kafka cluster is exposed outside OpenShift, such as through a
route
,loadbalancer
ornodeport
. - 9
- Optional configuration for a Kafka listener certificate managed by an external Certificate Authority. The
brokerCertChainAndKey
property specifies aSecret
that holds a server certificate and a private key. Kafka listener certificates can also be configured for TLS listeners. - 10
- 11
- Config specifies the broker configuration. Standard Apache Kafka configuration may be provided, restricted to those properties not managed directly by AMQ Streams.
- 12
- 13
- Storage size for persistent volumes may be increased and additional volumes may be added to JBOD storage.
- 14
- Persistent storage has additional configuration options, such as a storage
id
andclass
for dynamic volume provisioning. - 15
- Rack awareness is configured to spread replicas across different racks. A
topology
key must match the label of a cluster node. - 16
- 17
- Kafka rules for exporting metrics to a Grafana dashboard through the JMX Exporter. A set of rules provided with AMQ Streams may be copied to your Kafka resource configuration.
- 18
- ZooKeeper-specific configuration, which contains properties similar to the Kafka configuration.
- 19
- Entity Operator configuration, which specifies the configuration for the Topic Operator and User Operator.
- 20
- Kafka Exporter configuration, which is used to expose data as Prometheus metrics.
3.1.2. Data storage considerations
An efficient data storage infrastructure is essential to the optimal performance of AMQ Streams.
Block storage is required. File storage, such as NFS, does not work with Kafka.
For your block storage, you can choose, for example:
- Cloud-based block storage solutions, such as Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)
- Local persistent volumes
- Storage Area Network (SAN) volumes accessed by a protocol such as Fibre Channel or iSCSI
Strimzi does not require OpenShift raw block volumes.
3.1.2.1. File systems
It is recommended that you configure your storage system to use the XFS file system. AMQ Streams is also compatible with the ext4 file system, but this might require additional configuration for best results.
3.1.2.2. Apache Kafka and ZooKeeper storage
Use separate disks for Apache Kafka and ZooKeeper.
Three types of data storage are supported:
- Ephemeral (Recommended for development only)
- Persistent
- JBOD (Just a Bunch of Disks, suitable for Kafka only)
For more information, see Kafka and ZooKeeper storage.
Solid-state drives (SSDs), though not essential, can improve the performance of Kafka in large clusters where data is sent to and received from multiple topics asynchronously. SSDs are particularly effective with ZooKeeper, which requires fast, low latency data access.
You do not need to provision replicated storage because Kafka and ZooKeeper both have built-in data replication.
3.1.3. Kafka and ZooKeeper storage types
As stateful applications, Kafka and ZooKeeper need to store data on disk. AMQ Streams supports three storage types for this data:
- Ephemeral
- Persistent
- JBOD storage
JBOD storage is supported only for Kafka, not for ZooKeeper.
When configuring a Kafka
resource, you can specify the type of storage used by the Kafka broker and its corresponding ZooKeeper node. You configure the storage type using the storage
property in the following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
The storage type is configured in the type
field.
The storage type cannot be changed after a Kafka cluster is deployed.
Additional resources
- For more information about ephemeral storage, see ephemeral storage schema reference.
- For more information about persistent storage, see persistent storage schema reference.
- For more information about JBOD storage, see JBOD schema reference.
-
For more information about the schema for
Kafka
, seeKafka
schema reference.
3.1.3.1. Ephemeral storage
Ephemeral storage uses the `emptyDir` volumes
volumes to store data. To use ephemeral storage, the type
field should be set to ephemeral
.
emptyDir
volumes are not persistent and the data stored in them will be lost when the Pod is restarted. After the new pod is started, it has to recover all data from other nodes of the cluster. Ephemeral storage is not suitable for use with single node ZooKeeper clusters and for Kafka topics with replication factor 1, because it will lead to data loss.
An example of Ephemeral storage
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... storage: type: ephemeral # ... zookeeper: # ... storage: type: ephemeral # ...
3.1.3.1.1. Log directories
The ephemeral volume will be used by the Kafka brokers as log directories mounted into the following path:
/var/lib/kafka/data/kafka-log_idx_
-
Where
idx
is the Kafka broker pod index. For example/var/lib/kafka/data/kafka-log0
.
3.1.3.2. Persistent storage
Persistent storage uses Persistent Volume Claims to provision persistent volumes for storing data. Persistent Volume Claims can be used to provision volumes of many different types, depending on the Storage Class which will provision the volume. The data types which can be used with persistent volume claims include many types of SAN storage as well as Local persistent volumes.
To use persistent storage, the type
has to be set to persistent-claim
. Persistent storage supports additional configuration options:
id
(optional)-
Storage identification number. This option is mandatory for storage volumes defined in a JBOD storage declaration. Default is
0
. size
(required)- Defines the size of the persistent volume claim, for example, "1000Gi".
class
(optional)- The OpenShift Storage Class to use for dynamic volume provisioning.
selector
(optional)- Allows selecting a specific persistent volume to use. It contains key:value pairs representing labels for selecting such a volume.
deleteClaim
(optional)-
Boolean value which specifies if the Persistent Volume Claim has to be deleted when the cluster is undeployed. Default is
false
.
Increasing the size of persistent volumes in an existing AMQ Streams cluster is only supported in OpenShift versions that support persistent volume resizing. The persistent volume to be resized must use a storage class that supports volume expansion. For other versions of OpenShift and storage classes which do not support volume expansion, you must decide the necessary storage size before deploying the cluster. Decreasing the size of existing persistent volumes is not possible.
Example fragment of persistent storage configuration with 1000Gi size
# ... storage: type: persistent-claim size: 1000Gi # ...
The following example demonstrates the use of a storage class.
Example fragment of persistent storage configuration with specific Storage Class
# ... storage: type: persistent-claim size: 1Gi class: my-storage-class # ...
Finally, a selector
can be used to select a specific labeled persistent volume to provide needed features such as an SSD.
Example fragment of persistent storage configuration with selector
# ... storage: type: persistent-claim size: 1Gi selector: hdd-type: ssd deleteClaim: true # ...
3.1.3.2.1. Storage class overrides
You can specify a different storage class for one or more Kafka brokers, instead of using the default storage class. This is useful if, for example, storage classes are restricted to different availability zones or data centers. You can use the overrides
field for this purpose.
In this example, the default storage class is named my-storage-class
:
Example AMQ Streams cluster using storage class overrides
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: labels: app: my-cluster name: my-cluster namespace: myproject spec: # ... kafka: replicas: 3 storage: deleteClaim: true size: 100Gi type: persistent-claim class: my-storage-class overrides: - broker: 0 class: my-storage-class-zone-1a - broker: 1 class: my-storage-class-zone-1b - broker: 2 class: my-storage-class-zone-1c # ...
As a result of the configured overrides
property, the broker volumes use the following storage classes:
-
The persistent volumes of broker 0 will use
my-storage-class-zone-1a
. -
The persistent volumes of broker 1 will use
my-storage-class-zone-1b
. -
The persistent volumes of broker 2 will use
my-storage-class-zone-1c
.
The overrides
property is currently used only to override storage class configurations. Overriding other storage configuration fields is not currently supported. Other fields from the storage configuration are currently not supported.
3.1.3.2.2. Persistent Volume Claim naming
When persistent storage is used, it creates Persistent Volume Claims with the following names:
data-cluster-name-kafka-idx
-
Persistent Volume Claim for the volume used for storing data for the Kafka broker pod
idx
. data-cluster-name-zookeeper-idx
-
Persistent Volume Claim for the volume used for storing data for the ZooKeeper node pod
idx
.
3.1.3.2.3. Log directories
The persistent volume will be used by the Kafka brokers as log directories mounted into the following path:
/var/lib/kafka/data/kafka-log_idx_
-
Where
idx
is the Kafka broker pod index. For example/var/lib/kafka/data/kafka-log0
.
3.1.3.3. Resizing persistent volumes
You can provision increased storage capacity by increasing the size of the persistent volumes used by an existing AMQ Streams cluster. Resizing persistent volumes is supported in clusters that use either a single persistent volume or multiple persistent volumes in a JBOD storage configuration.
You can increase but not decrease the size of persistent volumes. Decreasing the size of persistent volumes is not currently supported in OpenShift.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster with support for volume resizing.
- The Cluster Operator is running.
- A Kafka cluster using persistent volumes created using a storage class that supports volume expansion.
Procedure
In a
Kafka
resource, increase the size of the persistent volume allocated to the Kafka cluster, the ZooKeeper cluster, or both.-
To increase the volume size allocated to the Kafka cluster, edit the
spec.kafka.storage
property. To increase the volume size allocated to the ZooKeeper cluster, edit the
spec.zookeeper.storage
property.For example, to increase the volume size from
1000Gi
to2000Gi
:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... storage: type: persistent-claim size: 2000Gi class: my-storage-class # ... zookeeper: # ...
-
To increase the volume size allocated to the Kafka cluster, edit the
Create or update the resource.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
OpenShift increases the capacity of the selected persistent volumes in response to a request from the Cluster Operator. When the resizing is complete, the Cluster Operator restarts all pods that use the resized persistent volumes. This happens automatically.
Additional resources
For more information about resizing persistent volumes in OpenShift, see Resizing Persistent Volumes using Kubernetes.
3.1.3.4. JBOD storage overview
You can configure AMQ Streams to use JBOD, a data storage configuration of multiple disks or volumes. JBOD is one approach to providing increased data storage for Kafka brokers. It can also improve performance.
A JBOD configuration is described by one or more volumes, each of which can be either ephemeral or persistent. The rules and constraints for JBOD volume declarations are the same as those for ephemeral and persistent storage. For example, you cannot change the size of a persistent storage volume after it has been provisioned.
3.1.3.4.1. JBOD configuration
To use JBOD with AMQ Streams, the storage type
must be set to jbod
. The volumes
property allows you to describe the disks that make up your JBOD storage array or configuration. The following fragment shows an example JBOD configuration:
# ... storage: type: jbod volumes: - id: 0 type: persistent-claim size: 100Gi deleteClaim: false - id: 1 type: persistent-claim size: 100Gi deleteClaim: false # ...
The ids cannot be changed once the JBOD volumes are created.
Users can add or remove volumes from the JBOD configuration.
3.1.3.4.2. JBOD and Persistent Volume Claims
When persistent storage is used to declare JBOD volumes, the naming scheme of the resulting Persistent Volume Claims is as follows:
data-id-cluster-name-kafka-idx
-
Where
id
is the ID of the volume used for storing data for Kafka broker podidx
.
3.1.3.4.3. Log directories
The JBOD volumes will be used by the Kafka brokers as log directories mounted into the following path:
/var/lib/kafka/data-id/kafka-log_idx_
-
Where
id
is the ID of the volume used for storing data for Kafka broker podidx
. For example/var/lib/kafka/data-0/kafka-log0
.
3.1.3.5. Adding volumes to JBOD storage
This procedure describes how to add volumes to a Kafka cluster configured to use JBOD storage. It cannot be applied to Kafka clusters configured to use any other storage type.
When adding a new volume under an id
which was already used in the past and removed, you have to make sure that the previously used PersistentVolumeClaims
have been deleted.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
- A Kafka cluster with JBOD storage
Procedure
Edit the
spec.kafka.storage.volumes
property in theKafka
resource. Add the new volumes to thevolumes
array. For example, add the new volume with id2
:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... storage: type: jbod volumes: - id: 0 type: persistent-claim size: 100Gi deleteClaim: false - id: 1 type: persistent-claim size: 100Gi deleteClaim: false - id: 2 type: persistent-claim size: 100Gi deleteClaim: false # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
- Create new topics or reassign existing partitions to the new disks.
Additional resources
For more information about reassigning topics, see Section 3.1.25.2, “Partition reassignment”.
3.1.3.6. Removing volumes from JBOD storage
This procedure describes how to remove volumes from Kafka cluster configured to use JBOD storage. It cannot be applied to Kafka clusters configured to use any other storage type. The JBOD storage always has to contain at least one volume.
To avoid data loss, you have to move all partitions before removing the volumes.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
- A Kafka cluster with JBOD storage with two or more volumes
Procedure
- Reassign all partitions from the disks which are you going to remove. Any data in partitions still assigned to the disks which are going to be removed might be lost.
Edit the
spec.kafka.storage.volumes
property in theKafka
resource. Remove one or more volumes from thevolumes
array. For example, remove the volumes with ids1
and2
:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... storage: type: jbod volumes: - id: 0 type: persistent-claim size: 100Gi deleteClaim: false # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
For more information about reassigning topics, see Section 3.1.25.2, “Partition reassignment”.
3.1.4. Kafka broker replicas
A Kafka cluster can run with many brokers. You can configure the number of brokers used for the Kafka cluster in Kafka.spec.kafka.replicas
. The best number of brokers for your cluster has to be determined based on your specific use case.
3.1.4.1. Configuring the number of broker nodes
This procedure describes how to configure the number of Kafka broker nodes in a new cluster. It only applies to new clusters with no partitions. If your cluster already has topics defined, see Section 3.1.25, “Scaling clusters”.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
- A Kafka cluster with no topics defined yet
Procedure
Edit the
replicas
property in theKafka
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... replicas: 3 # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
If your cluster already has topics defined, see Section 3.1.25, “Scaling clusters”.
3.1.5. Kafka broker configuration
AMQ Streams allows you to customize the configuration of the Kafka brokers in your Kafka cluster. You can specify and configure most of the options listed in the "Broker Configs" section of the Apache Kafka documentation. You cannot configure options that are related to the following areas:
- Security (Encryption, Authentication, and Authorization)
- Listener configuration
- Broker ID configuration
- Configuration of log data directories
- Inter-broker communication
- ZooKeeper connectivity
These options are automatically configured by AMQ Streams.
3.1.5.1. Kafka broker configuration
The config
property in Kafka.spec.kafka
contains Kafka broker configuration options as keys with values in one of the following JSON types:
- String
- Number
- Boolean
You can specify and configure all of the options in the "Broker Configs" section of the Apache Kafka documentation apart from those managed directly by AMQ Streams. Specifically, you are prevented from modifying all configuration options with keys equal to or starting with one of the following strings:
-
listeners
-
advertised.
-
broker.
-
listener.
-
host.name
-
port
-
inter.broker.listener.name
-
sasl.
-
ssl.
-
security.
-
password.
-
principal.builder.class
-
log.dir
-
zookeeper.connect
-
zookeeper.set.acl
-
authorizer.
-
super.user
If the config
property specifies a restricted option, it is ignored and a warning message is printed to the Cluster Operator log file. All other supported options are passed to Kafka.
An example Kafka broker configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... config: num.partitions: 1 num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir: 1 default.replication.factor: 3 offsets.topic.replication.factor: 3 transaction.state.log.replication.factor: 3 transaction.state.log.min.isr: 1 log.retention.hours: 168 log.segment.bytes: 1073741824 log.retention.check.interval.ms: 300000 num.network.threads: 3 num.io.threads: 8 socket.send.buffer.bytes: 102400 socket.receive.buffer.bytes: 102400 socket.request.max.bytes: 104857600 group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms: 0 # ...
3.1.5.2. Configuring Kafka brokers
You can configure an existing Kafka broker, or create a new Kafka broker with a specified configuration.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster is available.
- The Cluster Operator is running.
Procedure
-
Open the YAML configuration file that contains the
Kafka
resource specifying the cluster deployment. In the
spec.kafka.config
property in theKafka
resource, enter one or more Kafka configuration settings. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... config: default.replication.factor: 3 offsets.topic.replication.factor: 3 transaction.state.log.replication.factor: 3 transaction.state.log.min.isr: 1 # ... zookeeper: # ...
Apply the new configuration to create or update the resource.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f kafka.yaml
where
kafka.yaml
is the YAML configuration file for the resource that you want to configure; for example,kafka-persistent.yaml
.
3.1.6. Kafka broker listeners
You can configure the listeners enabled in Kafka brokers. The following types of listeners are supported:
- Plain listener on port 9092 (without TLS encryption)
- TLS listener on port 9093 (with TLS encryption)
- External listener on port 9094 for access from outside of OpenShift
OAuth 2.0
If you are using OAuth 2.0 token-based authentication, you can configure the listeners to connect to your authorization server. For more information, see Using OAuth 2.0 token-based authentication.
Listener certificates
You can provide your own server certificates, called Kafka listener certificates, for TLS listeners or external listeners which have TLS encryption enabled. For more information, see Section 13.8, “Kafka listener certificates”.
3.1.6.1. Kafka listeners
You can configure Kafka broker listeners using the listeners
property in the Kafka.spec.kafka
resource. The listeners
property contains three sub-properties:
-
plain
-
tls
-
external
Each listener will only be defined when the listeners
object has the given property.
An example of listeners
property with all listeners enabled
# ... listeners: plain: {} tls: {} external: type: loadbalancer # ...
An example of listeners
property with only the plain listener enabled
# ... listeners: plain: {} # ...
3.1.6.2. Configuring Kafka listeners
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
listeners
property in theKafka.spec.kafka
resource.An example configuration of the plain (unencrypted) listener without authentication:
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... listeners: plain: {} # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
-
For more information about the schema, see
KafkaListeners
schema reference.
3.1.6.3. Listener authentication
The listener authentication
property is used to specify an authentication mechanism specific to that listener:
- Mutual TLS authentication (only on the listeners with TLS encryption)
- SCRAM-SHA authentication
If no authentication
property is specified then the listener does not authenticate clients which connect through that listener.
Authentication must be configured when using the User Operator to manage KafkaUsers
.
3.1.6.3.1. Authentication configuration for a listener
The following example shows:
-
A
plain
listener configured for SCRAM-SHA authentication -
A
tls
listener with mutual TLS authentication -
An
external
listener with mutual TLS authentication
An example showing listener authentication configuration
# ... listeners: plain: authentication: type: scram-sha-512 tls: authentication: type: tls external: type: loadbalancer tls: true authentication: type: tls # ...
3.1.6.3.2. Mutual TLS authentication
Mutual TLS authentication is always used for the communication between Kafka brokers and ZooKeeper pods.
Mutual authentication or two-way authentication is when both the server and the client present certificates. AMQ Streams can configure Kafka to use TLS (Transport Layer Security) to provide encrypted communication between Kafka brokers and clients either with or without mutual authentication. When you configure mutual authentication, the broker authenticates the client and the client authenticates the broker.
TLS authentication is more commonly one-way, with one party authenticating the identity of another. For example, when HTTPS is used between a web browser and a web server, the server obtains proof of the identity of the browser.
3.1.6.3.2.1. When to use mutual TLS authentication for clients
Mutual TLS authentication is recommended for authenticating Kafka clients when:
- The client supports authentication using mutual TLS authentication
- It is necessary to use the TLS certificates rather than passwords
- You can reconfigure and restart client applications periodically so that they do not use expired certificates.
3.1.6.3.3. SCRAM-SHA authentication
SCRAM (Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism) is an authentication protocol that can establish mutual authentication using passwords. AMQ Streams can configure Kafka to use SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) SCRAM-SHA-512 to provide authentication on both unencrypted and TLS-encrypted client connections. TLS authentication is always used internally between Kafka brokers and ZooKeeper nodes. When used with a TLS client connection, the TLS protocol provides encryption, but is not used for authentication.
The following properties of SCRAM make it safe to use SCRAM-SHA even on unencrypted connections:
- The passwords are not sent in the clear over the communication channel. Instead the client and the server are each challenged by the other to offer proof that they know the password of the authenticating user.
- The server and client each generate a new challenge for each authentication exchange. This means that the exchange is resilient against replay attacks.
3.1.6.3.3.1. Supported SCRAM credentials
AMQ Streams supports SCRAM-SHA-512 only. When a KafkaUser.spec.authentication.type
is configured with scram-sha-512
the User Operator will generate a random 12 character password consisting of upper and lowercase ASCII letters and numbers.
3.1.6.3.3.2. When to use SCRAM-SHA authentication for clients
SCRAM-SHA is recommended for authenticating Kafka clients when:
- The client supports authentication using SCRAM-SHA-512
- It is necessary to use passwords rather than the TLS certificates
- Authentication for unencrypted communication is required
3.1.6.4. External listeners
Use an external listener to expose your AMQ Streams Kafka cluster to a client outside an OpenShift environment.
Additional resources
3.1.6.4.1. Customizing advertised addresses on external listeners
By default, AMQ Streams tries to automatically determine the hostnames and ports that your Kafka cluster advertises to its clients. This is not sufficient in all situations, because the infrastructure on which AMQ Streams is running might not provide the right hostname or port through which Kafka can be accessed. You can customize the advertised hostname and port in the overrides
property of the external listener. AMQ Streams will then automatically configure the advertised address in the Kafka brokers and add it to the broker certificates so it can be used for TLS hostname verification. Overriding the advertised host and ports is available for all types of external listeners.
Example of an external listener configured with overrides for advertised addresses
# ... listeners: external: type: route authentication: type: tls overrides: brokers: - broker: 0 advertisedHost: example.hostname.0 advertisedPort: 12340 - broker: 1 advertisedHost: example.hostname.1 advertisedPort: 12341 - broker: 2 advertisedHost: example.hostname.2 advertisedPort: 12342 # ...
Additionally, you can specify the name of the bootstrap service. This name will be added to the broker certificates and can be used for TLS hostname verification. Adding the additional bootstrap address is available for all types of external listeners.
Example of an external listener configured with an additional bootstrap address
# ... listeners: external: type: route authentication: type: tls overrides: bootstrap: address: example.hostname # ...
3.1.6.4.2. Route external listeners
An external listener of type route
exposes Kafka using OpenShift Routes
and the HAProxy router.
route
is only supported on OpenShift
3.1.6.4.2.1. Exposing Kafka using OpenShift Routes
When exposing Kafka using OpenShift Routes
and the HAProxy router, a dedicated Route
is created for every Kafka broker pod. An additional Route
is created to serve as a Kafka bootstrap address. Kafka clients can use these Routes
to connect to Kafka on port 443.
TLS encryption is always used with Routes
.
By default, the route hosts are automatically assigned by OpenShift. However, you can override the assigned route hosts by specifying the requested hosts in the overrides
property. AMQ Streams will not perform any validation that the requested hosts are available; you must ensure that they are free and can be used.
Example of an external listener of type routes
configured with overrides for OpenShift route hosts
# ... listeners: external: type: route authentication: type: tls overrides: bootstrap: host: bootstrap.myrouter.com brokers: - broker: 0 host: broker-0.myrouter.com - broker: 1 host: broker-1.myrouter.com - broker: 2 host: broker-2.myrouter.com # ...
For more information on using Routes
to access Kafka, see Section 3.1.6.4.2.2, “Accessing Kafka using OpenShift routes”.
3.1.6.4.2.2. Accessing Kafka using OpenShift routes
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Deploy Kafka cluster with an external listener enabled and configured to the type
route
.An example configuration with an external listener configured to use
Routes
:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... listeners: external: type: route # ... # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
oc apply -f your-file
Find the address of the bootstrap
Route
.oc get routes _cluster-name_-kafka-bootstrap -o=jsonpath='{.status.ingress[0].host}{"\n"}'
Use the address together with port 443 in your Kafka client as the bootstrap address.
Extract the public certificate of the broker certification authority
oc get secret _<cluster-name>_-cluster-ca-cert -o jsonpath='{.data.ca\.crt}' | base64 -d > ca.crt
Use the extracted certificate in your Kafka client to configure TLS connection. If you enabled any authentication, you will also need to configure SASL or TLS authentication.
Additional resources
-
For more information about the schema, see
KafkaListeners
schema reference.
3.1.6.4.3. Loadbalancer external listeners
External listeners of type loadbalancer
expose Kafka by using Loadbalancer
type Services
.
3.1.6.4.3.1. Exposing Kafka using loadbalancers
When exposing Kafka using Loadbalancer
type Services
, a new loadbalancer service is created for every Kafka broker pod. An additional loadbalancer is created to serve as a Kafka bootstrap address. Loadbalancers listen to connections on port 9094.
By default, TLS encryption is enabled. To disable it, set the tls
field to false
.
Example of an external listener of type loadbalancer
# ... listeners: external: type: loadbalancer authentication: type: tls # ...
For more information on using loadbalancers to access Kafka, see Section 3.1.6.4.3.4, “Accessing Kafka using loadbalancers”.
3.1.6.4.3.2. Customizing the DNS names of external loadbalancer listeners
On loadbalancer
listeners, you can use the dnsAnnotations
property to add additional annotations to the loadbalancer services. You can use these annotations to instrument DNS tooling such as External DNS, which automatically assigns DNS names to the loadbalancer services.
Example of an external listener of type loadbalancer
using dnsAnnotations
# ... listeners: external: type: loadbalancer authentication: type: tls overrides: bootstrap: dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: kafka-bootstrap.mydomain.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" brokers: - broker: 0 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: kafka-broker-0.mydomain.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" - broker: 1 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: kafka-broker-1.mydomain.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" - broker: 2 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: kafka-broker-2.mydomain.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" # ...
3.1.6.4.3.3. Customizing the loadbalancer IP addresses
On loadbalancer
listeners, you can use the loadBalancerIP
property to request a specific IP address when creating a loadbalancer. Use this property when you need to use a loadbalancer with a specific IP address. The loadBalancerIP
field is ignored if the cloud provider does not support the feature.
Example of an external listener of type loadbalancer
with specific loadbalancer IP address requests
# ... listeners: external: type: loadbalancer authentication: type: tls overrides: bootstrap: loadBalancerIP: 172.29.3.10 brokers: - broker: 0 loadBalancerIP: 172.29.3.1 - broker: 1 loadBalancerIP: 172.29.3.2 - broker: 2 loadBalancerIP: 172.29.3.3 # ...
3.1.6.4.3.4. Accessing Kafka using loadbalancers
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Deploy Kafka cluster with an external listener enabled and configured to the type
loadbalancer
.An example configuration with an external listener configured to use loadbalancers:
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... listeners: external: type: loadbalancer authentication: type: tls # ... # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Find the hostname of the bootstrap loadbalancer.
This can be done using
oc get
:oc get service cluster-name-kafka-external-bootstrap -o=jsonpath='{.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].hostname}{"\n"}'
If no hostname was found (nothing was returned by the command), use the loadbalancer IP address.
This can be done using
oc get
:oc get service cluster-name-kafka-external-bootstrap -o=jsonpath='{.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].ip}{"\n"}'
Use the hostname or IP address together with port 9094 in your Kafka client as the bootstrap address.
Unless TLS encryption was disabled, extract the public certificate of the broker certification authority.
This can be done using
oc get
:oc get secret cluster-name-cluster-ca-cert -o jsonpath='{.data.ca\.crt}' | base64 -d > ca.crt
Use the extracted certificate in your Kafka client to configure TLS connection. If you enabled any authentication, you will also need to configure SASL or TLS authentication.
Additional resources
-
For more information about the schema, see
KafkaListeners
schema reference.
3.1.6.4.4. Node Port external listeners
External listeners of type nodeport
expose Kafka by using NodePort
type Services
.
3.1.6.4.4.1. Exposing Kafka using node ports
When exposing Kafka using NodePort
type Services
, Kafka clients connect directly to the nodes of OpenShift. You must enable access to the ports on the OpenShift nodes for each client (for example, in firewalls or security groups). Each Kafka broker pod is then accessible on a separate port. Additional NodePort
type Service
is created to serve as a Kafka bootstrap address.
When configuring the advertised addresses for the Kafka broker pods, AMQ Streams uses the address of the node on which the given pod is running. When selecting the node address, the different address types are used with the following priority:
- ExternalDNS
- ExternalIP
- Hostname
- InternalDNS
- InternalIP
By default, TLS encryption is enabled. To disable it, set the tls
field to false
.
TLS hostname verification is not currently supported when exposing Kafka clusters using node ports.
By default, the port numbers used for the bootstrap and broker services are automatically assigned by OpenShift. However, you can override the assigned node ports by specifying the requested port numbers in the overrides
property. AMQ Streams does not perform any validation on the requested ports; you must ensure that they are free and available for use.
Example of an external listener configured with overrides for node ports
# ... listeners: external: type: nodeport tls: true authentication: type: tls overrides: bootstrap: nodePort: 32100 brokers: - broker: 0 nodePort: 32000 - broker: 1 nodePort: 32001 - broker: 2 nodePort: 32002 # ...
For more information on using node ports to access Kafka, see Section 3.1.6.4.4.3, “Accessing Kafka using node ports”.
3.1.6.4.4.2. Customizing the DNS names of external node port listeners
On nodeport
listeners, you can use the dnsAnnotations
property to add additional annotations to the nodeport services. You can use these annotations to instrument DNS tooling such as External DNS, which automatically assigns DNS names to the cluster nodes.
Example of an external listener of type nodeport
using dnsAnnotations
# ... listeners: external: type: nodeport tls: true authentication: type: tls overrides: bootstrap: dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: kafka-bootstrap.mydomain.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" brokers: - broker: 0 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: kafka-broker-0.mydomain.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" - broker: 1 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: kafka-broker-1.mydomain.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" - broker: 2 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: kafka-broker-2.mydomain.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" # ...
3.1.6.4.4.3. Accessing Kafka using node ports
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Deploy Kafka cluster with an external listener enabled and configured to the type
nodeport
.An example configuration with an external listener configured to use node ports:
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... listeners: external: type: nodeport tls: true # ... # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Find the port number of the bootstrap service.
This can be done using
oc get
:oc get service cluster-name-kafka-external-bootstrap -o=jsonpath='{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}{"\n"}'
The port should be used in the Kafka bootstrap address.
Find the address of the OpenShift node.
This can be done using
oc get
:oc get node node-name -o=jsonpath='{range .status.addresses[*]}{.type}{"\t"}{.address}{"\n"}'
If several different addresses are returned, select the address type you want based on the following order:
- ExternalDNS
- ExternalIP
- Hostname
- InternalDNS
InternalIP
Use the address with the port found in the previous step in the Kafka bootstrap address.
Unless TLS encryption was disabled, extract the public certificate of the broker certification authority.
This can be done using
oc get
:oc get secret cluster-name-cluster-ca-cert -o jsonpath='{.data.ca\.crt}' | base64 -d > ca.crt
Use the extracted certificate in your Kafka client to configure TLS connection. If you enabled any authentication, you will also need to configure SASL or TLS authentication.
Additional resources
-
For more information about the schema, see
KafkaListeners
schema reference.
3.1.6.4.5. OpenShift Ingress external listeners
External listeners of type ingress
exposes Kafka by using Kubernetes Ingress
and the NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes.
3.1.6.4.5.1. Exposing Kafka using Kubernetes Ingress
When exposing Kafka using using Kubernetes Ingress
and the NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes, a dedicated Ingress
resource is created for every Kafka broker pod. An additional Ingress
resource is created to serve as a Kafka bootstrap address. Kafka clients can use these Ingress
resources to connect to Kafka on port 443.
External listeners using Ingress
have been currently tested only with the NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes.
AMQ Streams uses the TLS passthrough feature of the NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes. Make sure TLS passthrough is enabled in your NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes deployment. For more information about enabling TLS passthrough see TLS passthrough documentation. Because it is using the TLS passthrough functionality, TLS encryption cannot be disabled when exposing Kafka using Ingress
.
The Ingress controller does not assign any hostnames automatically. You have to specify the hostnames which should be used by the bootstrap and per-broker services in the spec.kafka.listeners.external.configuration
section. You also have to make sure that the hostnames resolve to the Ingress endpoints. AMQ Streams will not perform any validation that the requested hosts are available and properly routed to the Ingress endpoints.
Example of an external listener of type ingress
# ... listeners: external: type: ingress authentication: type: tls configuration: bootstrap: host: bootstrap.myingress.com brokers: - broker: 0 host: broker-0.myingress.com - broker: 1 host: broker-1.myingress.com - broker: 2 host: broker-2.myingress.com # ...
For more information on using Ingress
to access Kafka, see Section 3.1.6.4.5.4, “Accessing Kafka using ingress”.
3.1.6.4.5.2. Configuring the Ingress
class
By default, the Ingress
class is set to nginx
. You can change the Ingress
class using the class
property.
Example of an external listener of type ingress
using Ingress
class nginx-internal
# ... listeners: external: type: ingress class: nginx-internal # ... # ...
3.1.6.4.5.3. Customizing the DNS names of external ingress listeners
On ingress
listeners, you can use the dnsAnnotations
property to add additional annotations to the ingress resources. You can use these annotations to instrument DNS tooling such as External DNS, which automatically assigns DNS names to the ingress resources.
Example of an external listener of type ingress
using dnsAnnotations
# ... listeners: external: type: ingress authentication: type: tls configuration: bootstrap: dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: bootstrap.myingress.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" host: bootstrap.myingress.com brokers: - broker: 0 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: broker-0.myingress.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" host: broker-0.myingress.com - broker: 1 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: broker-1.myingress.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" host: broker-1.myingress.com - broker: 2 dnsAnnotations: external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: broker-2.myingress.com. external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "60" host: broker-2.myingress.com # ...
3.1.6.4.5.4. Accessing Kafka using ingress
This procedure shows how to access AMQ Streams Kafka clusters from outside of OpenShift using Ingress.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- Deployed NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes with TLS passthrough enabled
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Deploy Kafka cluster with an external listener enabled and configured to the type
ingress
.An example configuration with an external listener configured to use
Ingress
:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... listeners: external: type: ingress authentication: type: tls configuration: bootstrap: host: bootstrap.myingress.com brokers: - broker: 0 host: broker-0.myingress.com - broker: 1 host: broker-1.myingress.com - broker: 2 host: broker-2.myingress.com # ... zookeeper: # ...
-
Make sure the hosts in the
configuration
section properly resolve to the Ingress endpoints. Create or update the resource.
oc apply -f your-file
Extract the public certificate of the broker certificate authority
oc get secret cluster-name-cluster-ca-cert -o jsonpath='{.data.ca\.crt}' | base64 -d > ca.crt
- Use the extracted certificate in your Kafka client to configure the TLS connection. If you enabled any authentication, you will also need to configure SASL or TLS authentication. Connect with your client to the host you specified in the configuration on port 443.
Additional resources
-
For more information about the schema, see
KafkaListeners
schema reference.
3.1.6.5. Network policies
AMQ Streams automatically creates a NetworkPolicy
resource for every listener that is enabled on a Kafka broker. By default, a NetworkPolicy
grants access to a listener to all applications and namespaces.
If you want to restrict access to a listener at the network level to only selected applications or namespaces, use the networkPolicyPeers
field.
Use network policies in conjunction with authentication and authorization.
Each listener can have a different networkPolicyPeers
configuration.
3.1.6.5.1. Network policy configuration for a listener
The following example shows a networkPolicyPeers
configuration for a plain
and a tls
listener:
# ... listeners: plain: authentication: type: scram-sha-512 networkPolicyPeers: - podSelector: matchLabels: app: kafka-sasl-consumer - podSelector: matchLabels: app: kafka-sasl-producer tls: authentication: type: tls networkPolicyPeers: - namespaceSelector: matchLabels: project: myproject - namespaceSelector: matchLabels: project: myproject2 # ...
In the example:
-
Only application pods matching the labels
app: kafka-sasl-consumer
andapp: kafka-sasl-producer
can connect to theplain
listener. The application pods must be running in the same namespace as the Kafka broker. -
Only application pods running in namespaces matching the labels
project: myproject
andproject: myproject2
can connect to thetls
listener.
The syntax of the networkPolicyPeers
field is the same as the from
field in NetworkPolicy
resources. For more information about the schema, see NetworkPolicyPeer API reference and the KafkaListeners
schema reference.
Your configuration of OpenShift must support ingress NetworkPolicies in order to use network policies in AMQ Streams.
3.1.6.5.2. Restricting access to Kafka listeners using networkPolicyPeers
You can restrict access to a listener to only selected applications by using the networkPolicyPeers
field.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster with support for Ingress NetworkPolicies.
- The Cluster Operator is running.
Procedure
-
Open the
Kafka
resource. In the
networkPolicyPeers
field, define the application pods or namespaces that will be allowed to access the Kafka cluster.For example, to configure a
tls
listener to allow connections only from application pods with the labelapp
set tokafka-client
:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... listeners: tls: networkPolicyPeers: - podSelector: matchLabels: app: kafka-client # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
-
For more information about the schema, see NetworkPolicyPeer API reference and the
KafkaListeners
schema reference.
3.1.7. Authentication and Authorization
AMQ Streams supports authentication and authorization. Authentication can be configured independently for each listener. Authorization is always configured for the whole Kafka cluster.
3.1.7.1. Authentication
Authentication is configured as part of the listener configuration in the authentication
property. The authentication mechanism is defined by the type
field.
When the authentication
property is missing, no authentication is enabled on a given listener. The listener will accept all connections without authentication.
Supported authentication mechanisms:
- TLS client authentication
- SASL SCRAM-SHA-512
- OAuth 2.0 token based authentication
3.1.7.1.1. TLS client authentication
TLS Client authentication is enabled by specifying the type
as tls
. The TLS client authentication is supported only on the tls
listener.
An example of authentication
with type tls
# ... authentication: type: tls # ...
3.1.7.2. Configuring authentication in Kafka brokers
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster is available.
- The Cluster Operator is running.
Procedure
-
Open the YAML configuration file that contains the
Kafka
resource specifying the cluster deployment. In the
spec.kafka.listeners
property in theKafka
resource, add theauthentication
field to the listeners for which you want to enable authentication. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... listeners: tls: authentication: type: tls # ... zookeeper: # ...
Apply the new configuration to create or update the resource.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f kafka.yaml
where
kafka.yaml
is the YAML configuration file for the resource that you want to configure; for example,kafka-persistent.yaml
.
Additional resources
- For more information about the supported authentication mechanisms, see authentication reference.
-
For more information about the schema for
Kafka
, seeKafka
schema reference.
3.1.7.3. Authorization
You can configure authorization for Kafka brokers using the authorization
property in the Kafka.spec.kafka
resource. If the authorization
property is missing, no authorization is enabled. When enabled, authorization is applied to all enabled listeners. The authorization method is defined in the type
field.
You can configure:
- Simple authorization
- OAuth 2.0 authorization (if you are using OAuth 2.0 token based authentication)
3.1.7.3.1. Simple authorization
Simple authorization in AMQ Streams uses the SimpleAclAuthorizer
plugin, the default Access Control Lists (ACLs) authorization plugin provided with Apache Kafka. ACLs allow you to define which users have access to which resources at a granular level. To enable simple authorization, set the type
field to simple
.
An example of Simple authorization
# ... authorization: type: simple # ...
Access rules for users are defined using Access Control Lists (ACLs). You can optionally designate a list of super users in the superUsers
field.
3.1.7.3.2. Super users
Super users can access all resources in your Kafka cluster regardless of any access restrictions defined in ACLs. To designate super users for a Kafka cluster, enter a list of user principles in the superUsers
field. If a user uses TLS Client Authentication, the username will be the common name from their certificate subject prefixed with CN=
.
An example of designating super users
# ... authorization: type: simple superUsers: - CN=fred - sam - CN=edward # ...
The super.user
configuration option in the config
property in Kafka.spec.kafka
is ignored. Designate super users in the authorization
property instead. For more information, see Kafka broker configuration.
3.1.7.4. Configuring authorization in Kafka brokers
Configure authorization and designate super users for a particular Kafka broker.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- The Cluster Operator is running
Procedure
Add or edit the
authorization
property in theKafka.spec.kafka
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... authorization: type: simple superUsers: - CN=fred - sam - CN=edward # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
- For more information about the supported authorization methods, see authorization reference.
-
For more information about the schema for
Kafka
, seeKafka
schema reference. - For more information about configuring user authentication, see Kafka User resource.
3.1.8. ZooKeeper replicas
ZooKeeper clusters or ensembles usually run with an odd number of nodes, typically three, five, or seven.
The majority of nodes must be available in order to maintain an effective quorum. If the ZooKeeper cluster loses its quorum, it will stop responding to clients and the Kafka brokers will stop working. Having a stable and highly available ZooKeeper cluster is crucial for AMQ Streams.
- Three-node cluster
- A three-node ZooKeeper cluster requires at least two nodes to be up and running in order to maintain the quorum. It can tolerate only one node being unavailable.
- Five-node cluster
- A five-node ZooKeeper cluster requires at least three nodes to be up and running in order to maintain the quorum. It can tolerate two nodes being unavailable.
- Seven-node cluster
- A seven-node ZooKeeper cluster requires at least four nodes to be up and running in order to maintain the quorum. It can tolerate three nodes being unavailable.
For development purposes, it is also possible to run ZooKeeper with a single node.
Having more nodes does not necessarily mean better performance, as the costs to maintain the quorum will rise with the number of nodes in the cluster. Depending on your availability requirements, you can decide for the number of nodes to use.
3.1.8.1. Number of ZooKeeper nodes
The number of ZooKeeper nodes can be configured using the replicas
property in Kafka.spec.zookeeper
.
An example showing replicas configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... replicas: 3 # ...
3.1.8.2. Changing the number of ZooKeeper replicas
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster is available.
- The Cluster Operator is running.
Procedure
-
Open the YAML configuration file that contains the
Kafka
resource specifying the cluster deployment. In the
spec.zookeeper.replicas
property in theKafka
resource, enter the number of replicated ZooKeeper servers. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... replicas: 3 # ...
Apply the new configuration to create or update the resource.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f kafka.yaml
where
kafka.yaml
is the YAML configuration file for the resource that you want to configure; for example,kafka-persistent.yaml
.
3.1.9. ZooKeeper configuration
AMQ Streams allows you to customize the configuration of Apache ZooKeeper nodes. You can specify and configure most of the options listed in the ZooKeeper documentation.
Options which cannot be configured are those related to the following areas:
- Security (Encryption, Authentication, and Authorization)
- Listener configuration
- Configuration of data directories
- ZooKeeper cluster composition
These options are automatically configured by AMQ Streams.
3.1.9.1. ZooKeeper configuration
ZooKeeper nodes are configured using the config
property in Kafka.spec.zookeeper
. This property contains the ZooKeeper configuration options as keys. The values can be described using one of the following JSON types:
- String
- Number
- Boolean
Users can specify and configure the options listed in ZooKeeper documentation with the exception of those options which are managed directly by AMQ Streams. Specifically, all configuration options with keys equal to or starting with one of the following strings are forbidden:
-
server.
-
dataDir
-
dataLogDir
-
clientPort
-
authProvider
-
quorum.auth
-
requireClientAuthScheme
When one of the forbidden options is present in the config
property, it is ignored and a warning message is printed to the Custer Operator log file. All other options are passed to ZooKeeper.
The Cluster Operator does not validate keys or values in the provided config
object. When invalid configuration is provided, the ZooKeeper cluster might not start or might become unstable. In such cases, the configuration in the Kafka.spec.zookeeper.config
object should be fixed and the Cluster Operator will roll out the new configuration to all ZooKeeper nodes.
Selected options have default values:
-
timeTick
with default value2000
-
initLimit
with default value5
-
syncLimit
with default value2
-
autopurge.purgeInterval
with default value1
These options will be automatically configured when they are not present in the Kafka.spec.zookeeper.config
property.
An example showing ZooKeeper configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... config: autopurge.snapRetainCount: 3 autopurge.purgeInterval: 1 # ...
3.1.9.2. Configuring ZooKeeper
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster is available.
- The Cluster Operator is running.
Procedure
-
Open the YAML configuration file that contains the
Kafka
resource specifying the cluster deployment. In the
spec.zookeeper.config
property in theKafka
resource, enter one or more ZooKeeper configuration settings. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... config: autopurge.snapRetainCount: 3 autopurge.purgeInterval: 1 # ...
Apply the new configuration to create or update the resource.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f kafka.yaml
where
kafka.yaml
is the YAML configuration file for the resource that you want to configure; for example,kafka-persistent.yaml
.
3.1.10. ZooKeeper connection
ZooKeeper services are secured with encryption and authentication and are not intended to be used by external applications that are not part of AMQ Streams.
However, if you want to use Kafka CLI tools that require a connection to ZooKeeper, such as the kafka-topics
tool, you can use a terminal inside a Kafka container and connect to the local end of the TLS tunnel to ZooKeeper by using localhost:2181
as the ZooKeeper address.
3.1.10.1. Connecting to ZooKeeper from a terminal
Open a terminal inside a Kafka container to use Kafka CLI tools that require a ZooKeeper connection.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster is available.
- A kafka cluster is running.
- The Cluster Operator is running.
Procedure
Open the terminal using the OpenShift console or run the
exec
command from your CLI.For example:
oc exec -it my-cluster-kafka-0 -- bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181
Be sure to use
localhost:2181
.You can now run Kafka commands to ZooKeeper.
3.1.11. Entity Operator
The Entity Operator is responsible for managing Kafka-related entities in a running Kafka cluster.
The Entity Operator comprises the:
- Topic Operator to manage Kafka topics
- User Operator to manage Kafka users
Through Kafka
resource configuration, the Cluster Operator can deploy the Entity Operator, including one or both operators, when deploying a Kafka cluster.
When deployed, the Entity Operator contains the operators according to the deployment configuration.
The operators are automatically configured to manage the topics and users of the Kafka cluster.
3.1.11.1. Entity Operator configuration properties
The Entity Operator can be configured using the entityOperator
property in Kafka.spec
The entityOperator
property supports several sub-properties:
-
tlsSidecar
-
topicOperator
-
userOperator
-
template
The tlsSidecar
property can be used to configure the TLS sidecar container which is used to communicate with ZooKeeper. For more details about configuring the TLS sidecar, see Section 3.1.20, “TLS sidecar”.
The template
property can be used to configure details of the Entity Operator pod, such as labels, annotations, affinity, tolerations and so on.
The topicOperator
property contains the configuration of the Topic Operator. When this option is missing, the Entity Operator is deployed without the Topic Operator.
The userOperator
property contains the configuration of the User Operator. When this option is missing, the Entity Operator is deployed without the User Operator.
Example of basic configuration enabling both operators
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... entityOperator: topicOperator: {} userOperator: {}
When both topicOperator
and userOperator
properties are missing, the Entity Operator is not deployed.
3.1.11.2. Topic Operator configuration properties
Topic Operator deployment can be configured using additional options inside the topicOperator
object. The following properties are supported:
watchedNamespace
-
The OpenShift namespace in which the topic operator watches for
KafkaTopics
. Default is the namespace where the Kafka cluster is deployed. reconciliationIntervalSeconds
-
The interval between periodic reconciliations in seconds. Default
90
. zookeeperSessionTimeoutSeconds
-
The ZooKeeper session timeout in seconds. Default
20
. topicMetadataMaxAttempts
-
The number of attempts at getting topic metadata from Kafka. The time between each attempt is defined as an exponential back-off. Consider increasing this value when topic creation could take more time due to the number of partitions or replicas. Default
6
. image
-
The
image
property can be used to configure the container image which will be used. For more details about configuring custom container images, see Section 3.1.19, “Container images”. resources
-
The
resources
property configures the amount of resources allocated to the Topic Operator. For more details about resource request and limit configuration, see Section 3.1.12, “CPU and memory resources”. logging
-
The
logging
property configures the logging of the Topic Operator. For more details, see Section 3.1.11.4, “Operator loggers”.
Example of Topic Operator configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... entityOperator: # ... topicOperator: watchedNamespace: my-topic-namespace reconciliationIntervalSeconds: 60 # ...
3.1.11.3. User Operator configuration properties
User Operator deployment can be configured using additional options inside the userOperator
object. The following properties are supported:
watchedNamespace
-
The OpenShift namespace in which the topic operator watches for
KafkaUsers
. Default is the namespace where the Kafka cluster is deployed. reconciliationIntervalSeconds
-
The interval between periodic reconciliations in seconds. Default
120
. zookeeperSessionTimeoutSeconds
-
The ZooKeeper session timeout in seconds. Default
6
. image
-
The
image
property can be used to configure the container image which will be used. For more details about configuring custom container images, see Section 3.1.19, “Container images”. resources
-
The
resources
property configures the amount of resources allocated to the User Operator. For more details about resource request and limit configuration, see Section 3.1.12, “CPU and memory resources”. logging
-
The
logging
property configures the logging of the User Operator. For more details, see Section 3.1.11.4, “Operator loggers”.
Example of User Operator configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... entityOperator: # ... userOperator: watchedNamespace: my-user-namespace reconciliationIntervalSeconds: 60 # ...
3.1.11.4. Operator loggers
The Topic Operator and User Operator have a configurable logger:
-
rootLogger.level
The operators use the Apache log4j2
logger implementation.
Use the logging
property in the Kafka
resource to configure loggers and logger levels.
You can set the log levels by specifying the logger and level directly (inline) or use a custom (external) ConfigMap. If a ConfigMap is used, you set logging.name
property to the name of the ConfigMap containing the external logging configuration. Inside the ConfigMap, the logging configuration is described using log4j2.properties
.
Here we see examples of inline
and external
logging.
Inline logging
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... entityOperator: # ... topicOperator: watchedNamespace: my-topic-namespace reconciliationIntervalSeconds: 60 logging: type: inline loggers: rootLogger.level: INFO # ... userOperator: watchedNamespace: my-topic-namespace reconciliationIntervalSeconds: 60 logging: type: inline loggers: rootLogger.level: INFO # ...
External logging
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... entityOperator: # ... topicOperator: watchedNamespace: my-topic-namespace reconciliationIntervalSeconds: 60 logging: type: external name: customConfigMap # ...
Additional resources
- Garbage collector (GC) logging can also be enabled (or disabled). For more information about GC logging, see Section 3.1.18.1, “JVM configuration”
- For more information about log levels, see Apache logging services.
3.1.11.5. Configuring Entity Operator
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
entityOperator
property in theKafka
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... entityOperator: topicOperator: watchedNamespace: my-topic-namespace reconciliationIntervalSeconds: 60 userOperator: watchedNamespace: my-user-namespace reconciliationIntervalSeconds: 60
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.12. CPU and memory resources
For every deployed container, AMQ Streams allows you to request specific resources and define the maximum consumption of those resources.
AMQ Streams supports two types of resources:
- CPU
- Memory
AMQ Streams uses the OpenShift syntax for specifying CPU and memory resources.
3.1.12.1. Resource limits and requests
Resource limits and requests are configured using the resources
property in the following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.topicOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.userOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.KafkaExporter
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
-
KafkaBridge.spec
Additional resources
- For more information about managing computing resources on OpenShift, see Managing Compute Resources for Containers.
3.1.12.1.1. Resource requests
Requests specify the resources to reserve for a given container. Reserving the resources ensures that they are always available.
If the resource request is for more than the available free resources in the OpenShift cluster, the pod is not scheduled.
Resources requests are specified in the requests
property. Resources requests currently supported by AMQ Streams:
-
cpu
-
memory
A request may be configured for one or more supported resources.
Example resource request configuration with all resources
# ... resources: requests: cpu: 12 memory: 64Gi # ...
3.1.12.1.2. Resource limits
Limits specify the maximum resources that can be consumed by a given container. The limit is not reserved and might not always be available. A container can use the resources up to the limit only when they are available. Resource limits should be always higher than the resource requests.
Resource limits are specified in the limits
property. Resource limits currently supported by AMQ Streams:
-
cpu
-
memory
A resource may be configured for one or more supported limits.
Example resource limits configuration
# ... resources: limits: cpu: 12 memory: 64Gi # ...
3.1.12.1.3. Supported CPU formats
CPU requests and limits are supported in the following formats:
-
Number of CPU cores as integer (
5
CPU core) or decimal (2.5
CPU core). -
Number or millicpus / millicores (
100m
) where 1000 millicores is the same1
CPU core.
Example CPU units
# ... resources: requests: cpu: 500m limits: cpu: 2.5 # ...
The computing power of 1 CPU core may differ depending on the platform where OpenShift is deployed.
Additional resources
- For more information on CPU specification, see the Meaning of CPU.
3.1.12.1.4. Supported memory formats
Memory requests and limits are specified in megabytes, gigabytes, mebibytes, and gibibytes.
-
To specify memory in megabytes, use the
M
suffix. For example1000M
. -
To specify memory in gigabytes, use the
G
suffix. For example1G
. -
To specify memory in mebibytes, use the
Mi
suffix. For example1000Mi
. -
To specify memory in gibibytes, use the
Gi
suffix. For example1Gi
.
An example of using different memory units
# ... resources: requests: memory: 512Mi limits: memory: 2Gi # ...
Additional resources
- For more details about memory specification and additional supported units, see Meaning of memory.
3.1.12.2. Configuring resource requests and limits
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
resources
property in the resource specifying the cluster deployment. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... resources: requests: cpu: "8" memory: 64Gi limits: cpu: "12" memory: 128Gi # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
-
For more information about the schema, see
Resources
schema reference.
3.1.13. Kafka loggers
Kafka has its own configurable loggers:
-
kafka.root.logger.level
-
log4j.logger.org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient
-
log4j.logger.org.apache.zookeeper
-
log4j.logger.kafka
-
log4j.logger.org.apache.kafka
-
log4j.logger.kafka.request.logger
-
log4j.logger.kafka.network.Processor
-
log4j.logger.kafka.server.KafkaApis
-
log4j.logger.kafka.network.RequestChannel$
-
log4j.logger.kafka.controller
-
log4j.logger.kafka.log.LogCleaner
-
log4j.logger.state.change.logger
-
log4j.logger.kafka.authorizer.logger
ZooKeeper also has a configurable logger:
-
zookeeper.root.logger
Kafka and ZooKeeper use the Apache log4j
logger implementation.
Use the logging
property to configure loggers and logger levels.
You can set the log levels by specifying the logger and level directly (inline) or use a custom (external) ConfigMap. If a ConfigMap is used, you set logging.name
property to the name of the ConfigMap containing the external logging configuration. Inside the ConfigMap, the logging configuration is described using log4j.properties
.
Here we see examples of inline
and external
logging.
Inline logging
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: # ... logging: type: inline loggers: kafka.root.logger.level: "INFO" # ... zookeeper: # ... logging: type: inline loggers: zookeeper.root.logger: "INFO" # ... entityOperator: # ... topicOperator: # ... logging: type: inline loggers: rootLogger.level: INFO # ... userOperator: # ... logging: type: inline loggers: rootLogger.level: INFO # ...
External logging
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: # ... logging: type: external name: customConfigMap # ...
Operators use the Apache log4j2
logger implementation, so the logging configuration is described inside the ConfigMap using log4j2.properties
. For more information, see Section 3.1.11.4, “Operator loggers”.
Additional resources
- Garbage collector (GC) logging can also be enabled (or disabled). For more information on garbage collection, see Section 3.1.18.1, “JVM configuration”
- For more information about log levels, see Apache logging services.
3.1.14. Kafka rack awareness
The rack awareness feature in AMQ Streams helps to spread the Kafka broker pods and Kafka topic replicas across different racks. Enabling rack awareness helps to improve availability of Kafka brokers and the topics they are hosting.
"Rack" might represent an availability zone, data center, or an actual rack in your data center.
3.1.14.1. Configuring rack awareness in Kafka brokers
Kafka rack awareness can be configured in the rack
property of Kafka.spec.kafka
. The rack
object has one mandatory field named topologyKey
. This key needs to match one of the labels assigned to the OpenShift cluster nodes. The label is used by OpenShift when scheduling the Kafka broker pods to nodes. If the OpenShift cluster is running on a cloud provider platform, that label should represent the availability zone where the node is running. Usually, the nodes are labeled with failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone
that can be easily used as the topologyKey
value. This has the effect of spreading the broker pods across zones, and also setting the brokers' broker.rack
configuration parameter inside Kafka broker.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
- Consult your OpenShift administrator regarding the node label that represents the zone / rack into which the node is deployed.
Edit the
rack
property in theKafka
resource using the label as the topology key.apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... rack: topologyKey: failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
- For information about Configuring init container image for Kafka rack awareness, see Section 3.1.19, “Container images”.
3.1.15. Healthchecks
Healthchecks are periodical tests which verify the health of an application. When a Healthcheck probe fails, OpenShift assumes that the application is not healthy and attempts to fix it.
OpenShift supports two types of Healthcheck probes:
- Liveness probes
- Readiness probes
For more details about the probes, see Configure Liveness and Readiness Probes. Both types of probes are used in AMQ Streams components.
Users can configure selected options for liveness and readiness probes.
3.1.15.1. Healthcheck configurations
Liveness and readiness probes can be configured using the livenessProbe
and readinessProbe
properties in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.topicOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.userOperator
-
Kafka.spec.KafkaExporter
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
-
KafkaMirrorMaker.spec
-
KafkaBridge.spec
Both livenessProbe
and readinessProbe
support the following options:
-
initialDelaySeconds
-
timeoutSeconds
-
periodSeconds
-
successThreshold
-
failureThreshold
For more information about the livenessProbe
and readinessProbe
options, see Section B.39, “Probe
schema reference”.
An example of liveness and readiness probe configuration
# ... readinessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 livenessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 # ...
3.1.15.2. Configuring healthchecks
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
livenessProbe
orreadinessProbe
property in theKafka
,KafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... readinessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 livenessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.16. Prometheus metrics
AMQ Streams supports Prometheus metrics using Prometheus JMX exporter to convert the JMX metrics supported by Apache Kafka and ZooKeeper to Prometheus metrics. When metrics are enabled, they are exposed on port 9404.
For more information about configuring Prometheus and Grafana, see Metrics.
3.1.16.1. Metrics configuration
Prometheus metrics are enabled by configuring the metrics
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
When the metrics
property is not defined in the resource, the Prometheus metrics will be disabled. To enable Prometheus metrics export without any further configuration, you can set it to an empty object ({}
).
Example of enabling metrics without any further configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... metrics: {} # ... zookeeper: # ...
The metrics
property might contain additional configuration for the Prometheus JMX exporter.
Example of enabling metrics with additional Prometheus JMX Exporter configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... metrics: lowercaseOutputName: true rules: - pattern: "kafka.server<type=(.+), name=(.+)PerSec\\w*><>Count" name: "kafka_server_$1_$2_total" - pattern: "kafka.server<type=(.+), name=(.+)PerSec\\w*, topic=(.+)><>Count" name: "kafka_server_$1_$2_total" labels: topic: "$3" # ... zookeeper: # ...
3.1.16.2. Configuring Prometheus metrics
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
metrics
property in theKafka
,KafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... metrics: lowercaseOutputName: true # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.17. JMX Options
AMQ Streams supports obtaining JMX metrics from the Kafka brokers by opening a JMX port on 9999. You can obtain various metrics about each Kafka broker, for example, usage data such as the BytesPerSecond
value or the request rate of the network of the broker. AMQ Streams supports opening a password and username protected JMX port or a non-protected JMX port.
3.1.17.1. Configuring JMX options
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
You can configure JMX options by using the jmxOptions
property in the following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
You can configure username and password protection for the JMX port that is opened on the Kafka brokers.
Securing the JMX Port
You can secure the JMX port to prevent unauthorized pods from accessing the port. Currently the JMX port can only be secured using a username and password. To enable security for the JMX port, set the type
parameter in the authentication
field to password
.:
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... jmxOptions: authentication: type: "password" # ... zookeeper: # ...
This allows you to deploy a pod internally into a cluster and obtain JMX metrics by using the headless service and specifying which broker you want to address. To get JMX metrics from broker 0 we address the headless service appending broker 0 in front of the headless service:
"<cluster-name>-kafka-0-<cluster-name>-<headless-service-name>"
If the JMX port is secured, you can get the username and password by referencing them from the JMX secret in the deployment of your pod.
Using an open JMX port
To disable security for the JMX port, do not fill in the authentication
field
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... jmxOptions: {} # ... zookeeper: # ...
This will just open the JMX Port on the headless service and you can follow a similar approach as described above to deploy a pod into the cluster. The only difference is that any pod will be able to read from the JMX port.
3.1.18. JVM Options
The following components of AMQ Streams run inside a Virtual Machine (VM):
- Apache Kafka
- Apache ZooKeeper
- Apache Kafka Connect
- Apache Kafka MirrorMaker
- AMQ Streams Kafka Bridge
JVM configuration options optimize the performance for different platforms and architectures. AMQ Streams allows you to configure some of these options.
3.1.18.1. JVM configuration
JVM options can be configured using the jvmOptions
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
-
KafkaMirrorMaker.spec
-
KafkaBridge.spec
Only a selected subset of available JVM options can be configured. The following options are supported:
-Xms and -Xmx
-Xms
configures the minimum initial allocation heap size when the JVM starts. -Xmx
configures the maximum heap size.
The units accepted by JVM settings such as -Xmx
and -Xms
are those accepted by the JDK java
binary in the corresponding image. Accordingly, 1g
or 1G
means 1,073,741,824 bytes, and Gi
is not a valid unit suffix. This is in contrast to the units used for memory requests and limits, which follow the OpenShift convention where 1G
means 1,000,000,000 bytes, and 1Gi
means 1,073,741,824 bytes
The default values used for -Xms
and -Xmx
depends on whether there is a memory request limit configured for the container:
- If there is a memory limit then the JVM’s minimum and maximum memory will be set to a value corresponding to the limit.
-
If there is no memory limit then the JVM’s minimum memory will be set to
128M
and the JVM’s maximum memory will not be defined. This allows for the JVM’s memory to grow as-needed, which is ideal for single node environments in test and development.
Setting -Xmx
explicitly requires some care:
-
The JVM’s overall memory usage will be approximately 4 × the maximum heap, as configured by
-Xmx
. -
If
-Xmx
is set without also setting an appropriate OpenShift memory limit, it is possible that the container will be killed should the OpenShift node experience memory pressure (from other Pods running on it). -
If
-Xmx
is set without also setting an appropriate OpenShift memory request, it is possible that the container will be scheduled to a node with insufficient memory. In this case, the container will not start but crash (immediately if-Xms
is set to-Xmx
, or some later time if not).
When setting -Xmx
explicitly, it is recommended to:
- set the memory request and the memory limit to the same value,
-
use a memory request that is at least 4.5 × the
-Xmx
, -
consider setting
-Xms
to the same value as-Xmx
.
Containers doing lots of disk I/O (such as Kafka broker containers) will need to leave some memory available for use as operating system page cache. On such containers, the requested memory should be significantly higher than the memory used by the JVM.
Example fragment configuring -Xmx
and -Xms
# ... jvmOptions: "-Xmx": "2g" "-Xms": "2g" # ...
In the above example, the JVM will use 2 GiB (=2,147,483,648 bytes) for its heap. Its total memory usage will be approximately 8GiB.
Setting the same value for initial (-Xms
) and maximum (-Xmx
) heap sizes avoids the JVM having to allocate memory after startup, at the cost of possibly allocating more heap than is really needed. For Kafka and ZooKeeper pods such allocation could cause unwanted latency. For Kafka Connect avoiding over allocation may be the most important concern, especially in distributed mode where the effects of over-allocation will be multiplied by the number of consumers.
-server
-server
enables the server JVM. This option can be set to true or false.
Example fragment configuring -server
# ... jvmOptions: "-server": true # ...
When neither of the two options (-server
and -XX
) is specified, the default Apache Kafka configuration of KAFKA_JVM_PERFORMANCE_OPTS
will be used.
-XX
-XX
object can be used for configuring advanced runtime options of a JVM. The -server
and -XX
options are used to configure the KAFKA_JVM_PERFORMANCE_OPTS
option of Apache Kafka.
Example showing the use of the -XX
object
jvmOptions: "-XX": "UseG1GC": true "MaxGCPauseMillis": 20 "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent": 35 "ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent": true "UseParNewGC": false
The example configuration above will result in the following JVM options:
-XX:+UseG1GC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=20 -XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=35 -XX:+ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent -XX:-UseParNewGC
When neither of the two options (-server
and -XX
) is specified, the default Apache Kafka configuration of KAFKA_JVM_PERFORMANCE_OPTS
will be used.
3.1.18.1.1. Garbage collector logging
The jvmOptions
section also allows you to enable and disable garbage collector (GC) logging. GC logging is disabled by default. To enable it, set the gcLoggingEnabled
property as follows:
Example of enabling GC logging
# ... jvmOptions: gcLoggingEnabled: true # ...
3.1.18.2. Configuring JVM options
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
jvmOptions
property in theKafka
,KafkaConnect
,KafkaConnectS2I
,KafkaMirrorMaker
, orKafkaBridge
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... jvmOptions: "-Xmx": "8g" "-Xms": "8g" # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.19. Container images
AMQ Streams allows you to configure container images which will be used for its components. Overriding container images is recommended only in special situations, where you need to use a different container registry. For example, because your network does not allow access to the container repository used by AMQ Streams. In such a case, you should either copy the AMQ Streams images or build them from the source. If the configured image is not compatible with AMQ Streams images, it might not work properly.
3.1.19.1. Container image configurations
You can specify which container image to use for each component using the image
property in the following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.topicOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.userOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.tlsSidecar
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
-
KafkaBridge.spec
3.1.19.1.1. Configuring the image
property for Kafka, Kafka Connect, and Kafka MirrorMaker
Kafka, Kafka Connect (including Kafka Connect with S2I support), and Kafka MirrorMaker support multiple versions of Kafka. Each component requires its own image. The default images for the different Kafka versions are configured in the following environment variables:
-
STRIMZI_KAFKA_IMAGES
-
STRIMZI_KAFKA_CONNECT_IMAGES
-
STRIMZI_KAFKA_CONNECT_S2I_IMAGES
-
STRIMZI_KAFKA_MIRROR_MAKER_IMAGES
These environment variables contain mappings between the Kafka versions and their corresponding images. The mappings are used together with the image
and version
properties:
-
If neither
image
norversion
are given in the custom resource then theversion
will default to the Cluster Operator’s default Kafka version, and the image will be the one corresponding to this version in the environment variable. -
If
image
is given butversion
is not, then the given image is used and theversion
is assumed to be the Cluster Operator’s default Kafka version. -
If
version
is given butimage
is not, then the image that corresponds to the given version in the environment variable is used. -
If both
version
andimage
are given, then the given image is used. The image is assumed to contain a Kafka image with the given version.
The image
and version
for the different components can be configured in the following properties:
-
For Kafka in
spec.kafka.image
andspec.kafka.version
. -
For Kafka Connect, Kafka Connect S2I, and Kafka MirrorMaker in
spec.image
andspec.version
.
It is recommended to provide only the version
and leave the image
property unspecified. This reduces the chance of making a mistake when configuring the custom resource. If you need to change the images used for different versions of Kafka, it is preferable to configure the Cluster Operator’s environment variables.
3.1.19.1.2. Configuring the image
property in other resources
For the image
property in the other custom resources, the given value will be used during deployment. If the image
property is missing, the image
specified in the Cluster Operator configuration will be used. If the image
name is not defined in the Cluster Operator configuration, then the default value will be used.
For Kafka broker TLS sidecar:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_TLS_SIDECAR_KAFKA_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
- For ZooKeeper nodes:
For ZooKeeper node TLS sidecar:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_TLS_SIDECAR_ZOOKEEPER_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Topic Operator:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_TOPIC_OPERATOR_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-rhel7-operator:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For User Operator:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_USER_OPERATOR_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-rhel7-operator:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Entity Operator TLS sidecar:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_TLS_SIDECAR_ENTITY_OPERATOR_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Kafka Exporter:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_KAFKA_EXPORTER_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Kafka Bridge:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_KAFKA_BRIDGE_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-bridge-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Kafka broker initializer:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_KAFKA_INIT_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-rhel7-operator:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
Overriding container images is recommended only in special situations, where you need to use a different container registry. For example, because your network does not allow access to the container repository used by AMQ Streams. In such case, you should either copy the AMQ Streams images or build them from source. In case the configured image is not compatible with AMQ Streams images, it might not work properly.
Example of container image configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... image: my-org/my-image:latest # ... zookeeper: # ...
3.1.19.2. Configuring container images
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
image
property in theKafka
,KafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... image: my-org/my-image:latest # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.20. TLS sidecar
A sidecar is a container that runs in a pod but serves a supporting purpose. In AMQ Streams, the TLS sidecar uses TLS to encrypt and decrypt all communication between the various components and ZooKeeper. ZooKeeper does not have native TLS support.
The TLS sidecar is used in:
- Kafka brokers
- ZooKeeper nodes
- Entity Operator
3.1.20.1. TLS sidecar configuration
The TLS sidecar can be configured using the tlsSidecar
property in:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator
The TLS sidecar supports the following additional options:
-
image
-
resources
-
logLevel
-
readinessProbe
-
livenessProbe
The resources
property can be used to specify the memory and CPU resources allocated for the TLS sidecar.
The image
property can be used to configure the container image which will be used. For more details about configuring custom container images, see Section 3.1.19, “Container images”.
The logLevel
property is used to specify the logging level. Following logging levels are supported:
- emerg
- alert
- crit
- err
- warning
- notice
- info
- debug
The default value is notice.
For more information about configuring the readinessProbe
and livenessProbe
properties for the healthchecks, see Section 3.1.15.1, “Healthcheck configurations”.
Example of TLS sidecar configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... tlsSidecar: image: my-org/my-image:latest resources: requests: cpu: 200m memory: 64Mi limits: cpu: 500m memory: 128Mi logLevel: debug readinessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 livenessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 # ... zookeeper: # ...
3.1.20.2. Configuring TLS sidecar
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
tlsSidecar
property in theKafka
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... tlsSidecar: resources: requests: cpu: 200m memory: 64Mi limits: cpu: 500m memory: 128Mi # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.21. Configuring pod scheduling
When two applications are scheduled to the same OpenShift node, both applications might use the same resources like disk I/O and impact performance. That can lead to performance degradation. Scheduling Kafka pods in a way that avoids sharing nodes with other critical workloads, using the right nodes or dedicated a set of nodes only for Kafka are the best ways how to avoid such problems.
3.1.21.1. Scheduling pods based on other applications
3.1.21.1.1. Avoid critical applications to share the node
Pod anti-affinity can be used to ensure that critical applications are never scheduled on the same disk. When running Kafka cluster, it is recommended to use pod anti-affinity to ensure that the Kafka brokers do not share the nodes with other workloads like databases.
3.1.21.1.2. Affinity
Affinity can be configured using the affinity
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.template.pod
-
KafkaConnect.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaBridge.spec.template.pod
The affinity configuration can include different types of affinity:
- Pod affinity and anti-affinity
- Node affinity
The format of the affinity
property follows the OpenShift specification. For more details, see the Kubernetes node and pod affinity documentation.
3.1.21.1.3. Configuring pod anti-affinity in Kafka components
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
affinity
property in the resource specifying the cluster deployment. Use labels to specify the pods which should not be scheduled on the same nodes. ThetopologyKey
should be set tokubernetes.io/hostname
to specify that the selected pods should not be scheduled on nodes with the same hostname. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... template: pod: affinity: podAntiAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: - labelSelector: matchExpressions: - key: application operator: In values: - postgresql - mongodb topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname" # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.21.2. Scheduling pods to specific nodes
3.1.21.2.1. Node scheduling
The OpenShift cluster usually consists of many different types of worker nodes. Some are optimized for CPU heavy workloads, some for memory, while other might be optimized for storage (fast local SSDs) or network. Using different nodes helps to optimize both costs and performance. To achieve the best possible performance, it is important to allow scheduling of AMQ Streams components to use the right nodes.
OpenShift uses node affinity to schedule workloads onto specific nodes. Node affinity allows you to create a scheduling constraint for the node on which the pod will be scheduled. The constraint is specified as a label selector. You can specify the label using either the built-in node label like beta.kubernetes.io/instance-type
or custom labels to select the right node.
3.1.21.2.2. Affinity
Affinity can be configured using the affinity
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.template.pod
-
KafkaConnect.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaBridge.spec.template.pod
The affinity configuration can include different types of affinity:
- Pod affinity and anti-affinity
- Node affinity
The format of the affinity
property follows the OpenShift specification. For more details, see the Kubernetes node and pod affinity documentation.
3.1.21.2.3. Configuring node affinity in Kafka components
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Label the nodes where AMQ Streams components should be scheduled.
This can be done using
oc label
:oc label node your-node node-type=fast-network
Alternatively, some of the existing labels might be reused.
Edit the
affinity
property in the resource specifying the cluster deployment. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... template: pod: affinity: nodeAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: node-type operator: In values: - fast-network # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.21.3. Using dedicated nodes
3.1.21.3.1. Dedicated nodes
Cluster administrators can mark selected OpenShift nodes as tainted. Nodes with taints are excluded from regular scheduling and normal pods will not be scheduled to run on them. Only services which can tolerate the taint set on the node can be scheduled on it. The only other services running on such nodes will be system services such as log collectors or software defined networks.
Taints can be used to create dedicated nodes. Running Kafka and its components on dedicated nodes can have many advantages. There will be no other applications running on the same nodes which could cause disturbance or consume the resources needed for Kafka. That can lead to improved performance and stability.
To schedule Kafka pods on the dedicated nodes, configure node affinity and tolerations.
3.1.21.3.2. Affinity
Affinity can be configured using the affinity
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.template.pod
-
KafkaConnect.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaBridge.spec.template.pod
The affinity configuration can include different types of affinity:
- Pod affinity and anti-affinity
- Node affinity
The format of the affinity
property follows the OpenShift specification. For more details, see the Kubernetes node and pod affinity documentation.
3.1.21.3.3. Tolerations
Tolerations can be configured using the tolerations
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.template.pod
-
KafkaConnect.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaBridge.spec.template.pod
The format of the tolerations
property follows the OpenShift specification. For more details, see the Kubernetes taints and tolerations.
3.1.21.3.4. Setting up dedicated nodes and scheduling pods on them
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
- Select the nodes which should be used as dedicated.
- Make sure there are no workloads scheduled on these nodes.
Set the taints on the selected nodes:
This can be done using
oc adm taint
:oc adm taint node your-node dedicated=Kafka:NoSchedule
Additionally, add a label to the selected nodes as well.
This can be done using
oc label
:oc label node your-node dedicated=Kafka
Edit the
affinity
andtolerations
properties in the resource specifying the cluster deployment. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... template: pod: tolerations: - key: "dedicated" operator: "Equal" value: "Kafka" effect: "NoSchedule" affinity: nodeAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: dedicated operator: In values: - Kafka # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.1.22. Kafka Exporter
You can configure the Kafka
resource to automatically deploy Kafka Exporter in your cluster.
Kafka Exporter extracts data for analysis as Prometheus metrics, primarily data relating to offsets, consumer groups, consumer lag and topics.
For information on Kafka Exporter and why it is important to monitor consumer lag for performance, see Kafka Exporter.
3.1.22.1. Configuring Kafka Exporter
Configure Kafka Exporter in the Kafka
resource through KafkaExporter
properties.
Refer to the sample Kafka YAML configuration for an overview of the Kafka
resource and its properties.
The properties relevant to the Kafka Exporter configuration are shown in this procedure.
You can configure these properties as part of a deployment or redeployment of the Kafka cluster.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
KafkaExporter
properties for theKafka
resource.The properties you can configure are shown in this example configuration:
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... kafkaExporter: image: my-org/my-image:latest 1 groupRegex: ".*" 2 topicRegex: ".*" 3 resources: 4 requests: cpu: 200m memory: 64Mi limits: cpu: 500m memory: 128Mi logging: debug 5 enableSaramaLogging: true 6 template: 7 pod: metadata: labels: label1: value1 imagePullSecrets: - name: my-docker-credentials securityContext: runAsUser: 1000001 fsGroup: 0 terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 120 readinessProbe: 8 initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 livenessProbe: 9 initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 # ...
- 1
- ADVANCED OPTION: Container image configuration, which is recommended only in special situations.
- 2
- A regular expression to specify the consumer groups to include in the metrics.
- 3
- A regular expression to specify the topics to include in the metrics.
- 4
- 5
- Logging configuration, to log messages with a given severity (debug, info, warn, error, fatal) or above.
- 6
- Boolean to enable Sarama logging, a Go client library used by Kafka Exporter.
- 7
- 8
- 9
Create or update the resource:
oc apply -f kafka.yaml
What to do next
After configuring and deploying Kafka Exporter, you can enable Grafana to present the Kafka Exporter dashboards.
Additional resources
3.1.23. Performing a rolling update of a Kafka cluster
This procedure describes how to manually trigger a rolling update of an existing Kafka cluster by using an OpenShift annotation.
Prerequisites
- A running Kafka cluster.
- A running Cluster Operator.
Procedure
Find the name of the
StatefulSet
that controls the Kafka pods you want to manually update.For example, if your Kafka cluster is named my-cluster, the corresponding
StatefulSet
is named my-cluster-kafka.Annotate the
StatefulSet
resource in OpenShift. For example, usingoc annotate
:oc annotate statefulset cluster-name-kafka strimzi.io/manual-rolling-update=true
-
Wait for the next reconciliation to occur (every two minutes by default). A rolling update of all pods within the annotated
StatefulSet
is triggered, as long as the annotation was detected by the reconciliation process. When the rolling update of all the pods is complete, the annotation is removed from theStatefulSet
.
Additional resources
- For more information about deploying the Cluster Operator, see Section 2.3, “Cluster Operator”.
- For more information about deploying the Kafka cluster, see Section 2.4.1, “Deploying the Kafka cluster”.
3.1.24. Performing a rolling update of a ZooKeeper cluster
This procedure describes how to manually trigger a rolling update of an existing ZooKeeper cluster by using an OpenShift annotation.
Prerequisites
- A running ZooKeeper cluster.
- A running Cluster Operator.
Procedure
Find the name of the
StatefulSet
that controls the ZooKeeper pods you want to manually update.For example, if your Kafka cluster is named my-cluster, the corresponding
StatefulSet
is named my-cluster-zookeeper.Annotate the
StatefulSet
resource in OpenShift. For example, usingoc annotate
:oc annotate statefulset cluster-name-zookeeper strimzi.io/manual-rolling-update=true
-
Wait for the next reconciliation to occur (every two minutes by default). A rolling update of all pods within the annotated
StatefulSet
is triggered, as long as the annotation was detected by the reconciliation process. When the rolling update of all the pods is complete, the annotation is removed from theStatefulSet
.
Additional resources
- For more information about deploying the Cluster Operator, see Section 2.3, “Cluster Operator”.
- For more information about deploying the ZooKeeper cluster, see Section 2.4.1, “Deploying the Kafka cluster”.
3.1.25. Scaling clusters
3.1.25.1. Scaling Kafka clusters
3.1.25.1.1. Adding brokers to a cluster
The primary way of increasing throughput for a topic is to increase the number of partitions for that topic. That works because the extra partitions allow the load of the topic to be shared between the different brokers in the cluster. However, in situations where every broker is constrained by a particular resource (typically I/O) using more partitions will not result in increased throughput. Instead, you need to add brokers to the cluster.
When you add an extra broker to the cluster, Kafka does not assign any partitions to it automatically. You must decide which partitions to move from the existing brokers to the new broker.
Once the partitions have been redistributed between all the brokers, the resource utilization of each broker should be reduced.
3.1.25.1.2. Removing brokers from a cluster
Because AMQ Streams uses StatefulSets
to manage broker pods, you cannot remove any pod from the cluster. You can only remove one or more of the highest numbered pods from the cluster. For example, in a cluster of 12 brokers the pods are named cluster-name-kafka-0
up to cluster-name-kafka-11
. If you decide to scale down by one broker, the cluster-name-kafka-11
will be removed.
Before you remove a broker from a cluster, ensure that it is not assigned to any partitions. You should also decide which of the remaining brokers will be responsible for each of the partitions on the broker being decommissioned. Once the broker has no assigned partitions, you can scale the cluster down safely.
3.1.25.2. Partition reassignment
The Topic Operator does not currently support reassigning replicas to different brokers, so it is necessary to connect directly to broker pods to reassign replicas to brokers.
Within a broker pod, the kafka-reassign-partitions.sh
utility allows you to reassign partitions to different brokers.
It has three different modes:
--generate
- Takes a set of topics and brokers and generates a reassignment JSON file which will result in the partitions of those topics being assigned to those brokers. Because this operates on whole topics, it cannot be used when you just need to reassign some of the partitions of some topics.
--execute
- Takes a reassignment JSON file and applies it to the partitions and brokers in the cluster. Brokers that gain partitions as a result become followers of the partition leader. For a given partition, once the new broker has caught up and joined the ISR (in-sync replicas) the old broker will stop being a follower and will delete its replica.
--verify
-
Using the same reassignment JSON file as the
--execute
step,--verify
checks whether all of the partitions in the file have been moved to their intended brokers. If the reassignment is complete, --verify also removes any throttles that are in effect. Unless removed, throttles will continue to affect the cluster even after the reassignment has finished.
It is only possible to have one reassignment running in a cluster at any given time, and it is not possible to cancel a running reassignment. If you need to cancel a reassignment, wait for it to complete and then perform another reassignment to revert the effects of the first reassignment. The kafka-reassign-partitions.sh
will print the reassignment JSON for this reversion as part of its output. Very large reassignments should be broken down into a number of smaller reassignments in case there is a need to stop in-progress reassignment.
3.1.25.2.1. Reassignment JSON file
The reassignment JSON file has a specific structure:
{
"version": 1,
"partitions": [
<PartitionObjects>
]
}
Where <PartitionObjects> is a comma-separated list of objects like:
{ "topic": <TopicName>, "partition": <Partition>, "replicas": [ <AssignedBrokerIds> ] }
Although Kafka also supports a "log_dirs"
property this should not be used in Red Hat AMQ Streams.
The following is an example reassignment JSON file that assigns topic topic-a
, partition 4
to brokers 2
, 4
and 7
, and topic topic-b
partition 2
to brokers 1
, 5
and 7
:
{ "version": 1, "partitions": [ { "topic": "topic-a", "partition": 4, "replicas": [2,4,7] }, { "topic": "topic-b", "partition": 2, "replicas": [1,5,7] } ] }
Partitions not included in the JSON are not changed.
3.1.25.2.2. Reassigning partitions between JBOD volumes
When using JBOD storage in your Kafka cluster, you can choose to reassign the partitions between specific volumes and their log directories (each volume has a single log directory). To reassign a partition to a specific volume, add the log_dirs
option to <PartitionObjects> in the reassignment JSON file.
{ "topic": <TopicName>, "partition": <Partition>, "replicas": [ <AssignedBrokerIds> ], "log_dirs": [ <AssignedLogDirs> ] }
The log_dirs
object should contain the same number of log directories as the number of replicas specified in the replicas
object. The value should be either an absolute path to the log directory, or the any
keyword.
For example:
{ "topic": "topic-a", "partition": 4, "replicas": [2,4,7]. "log_dirs": [ "/var/lib/kafka/data-0/kafka-log2", "/var/lib/kafka/data-0/kafka-log4", "/var/lib/kafka/data-0/kafka-log7" ] }
3.1.25.3. Generating reassignment JSON files
This procedure describes how to generate a reassignment JSON file that reassigns all the partitions for a given set of topics using the kafka-reassign-partitions.sh
tool.
Prerequisites
- A running Cluster Operator
-
A
Kafka
resource - A set of topics to reassign the partitions of
Procedure
Prepare a JSON file named
topics.json
that lists the topics to move. It must have the following structure:{ "version": 1, "topics": [ <TopicObjects> ] }
where <TopicObjects> is a comma-separated list of objects like:
{ "topic": <TopicName> }
For example if you want to reassign all the partitions of
topic-a
andtopic-b
, you would need to prepare atopics.json
file like this:{ "version": 1, "topics": [ { "topic": "topic-a"}, { "topic": "topic-b"} ] }
Copy the
topics.json
file to one of the broker pods:cat topics.json | oc exec -c kafka <BrokerPod> -i -- \ /bin/bash -c \ 'cat > /tmp/topics.json'
Use the
kafka-reassign-partitions.sh
command to generate the reassignment JSON.oc exec <BrokerPod> -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --topics-to-move-json-file /tmp/topics.json \ --broker-list <BrokerList> \ --generate
For example, to move all the partitions of
topic-a
andtopic-b
to brokers4
and7
oc exec <BrokerPod> -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --topics-to-move-json-file /tmp/topics.json \ --broker-list 4,7 \ --generate
3.1.25.4. Creating reassignment JSON files manually
You can manually create the reassignment JSON file if you want to move specific partitions.
3.1.25.5. Reassignment throttles
Partition reassignment can be a slow process because it involves transferring large amounts of data between brokers. To avoid a detrimental impact on clients, you can throttle the reassignment process. This might cause the reassignment to take longer to complete.
- If the throttle is too low then the newly assigned brokers will not be able to keep up with records being published and the reassignment will never complete.
- If the throttle is too high then clients will be impacted.
For example, for producers, this could manifest as higher than normal latency waiting for acknowledgement. For consumers, this could manifest as a drop in throughput caused by higher latency between polls.
3.1.25.6. Scaling up a Kafka cluster
This procedure describes how to increase the number of brokers in a Kafka cluster.
Prerequisites
- An existing Kafka cluster.
-
A reassignment JSON file named
reassignment.json
that describes how partitions should be reassigned to brokers in the enlarged cluster.
Procedure
-
Add as many new brokers as you need by increasing the
Kafka.spec.kafka.replicas
configuration option. - Verify that the new broker pods have started.
Copy the
reassignment.json
file to the broker pod on which you will later execute the commands:cat reassignment.json | \ oc exec broker-pod -c kafka -i -- /bin/bash -c \ 'cat > /tmp/reassignment.json'
For example:
cat reassignment.json | \ oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -i -- /bin/bash -c \ 'cat > /tmp/reassignment.json'
Execute the partition reassignment using the
kafka-reassign-partitions.sh
command line tool from the same broker pod.oc exec broker-pod -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --execute
If you are going to throttle replication you can also pass the
--throttle
option with an inter-broker throttled rate in bytes per second. For example:oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --throttle 5000000 \ --execute
This command will print out two reassignment JSON objects. The first records the current assignment for the partitions being moved. You should save this to a local file (not a file in the pod) in case you need to revert the reassignment later on. The second JSON object is the target reassignment you have passed in your reassignment JSON file.
If you need to change the throttle during reassignment you can use the same command line with a different throttled rate. For example:
oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --throttle 10000000 \ --execute
Periodically verify whether the reassignment has completed using the
kafka-reassign-partitions.sh
command line tool from any of the broker pods. This is the same command as the previous step but with the--verify
option instead of the--execute
option.oc exec broker-pod -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --verify
For example,
oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --verify
-
The reassignment has finished when the
--verify
command reports each of the partitions being moved as completed successfully. This final--verify
will also have the effect of removing any reassignment throttles. You can now delete the revert file if you saved the JSON for reverting the assignment to their original brokers.
3.1.25.7. Scaling down a Kafka cluster
Additional resources
This procedure describes how to decrease the number of brokers in a Kafka cluster.
Prerequisites
- An existing Kafka cluster.
-
A reassignment JSON file named
reassignment.json
describing how partitions should be reassigned to brokers in the cluster once the broker(s) in the highest numberedPod(s)
have been removed.
Procedure
Copy the
reassignment.json
file to the broker pod on which you will later execute the commands:cat reassignment.json | \ oc exec broker-pod -c kafka -i -- /bin/bash -c \ 'cat > /tmp/reassignment.json'
For example:
cat reassignment.json | \ oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -i -- /bin/bash -c \ 'cat > /tmp/reassignment.json'
Execute the partition reassignment using the
kafka-reassign-partitions.sh
command line tool from the same broker pod.oc exec broker-pod -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --execute
If you are going to throttle replication you can also pass the
--throttle
option with an inter-broker throttled rate in bytes per second. For example:oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --throttle 5000000 \ --execute
This command will print out two reassignment JSON objects. The first records the current assignment for the partitions being moved. You should save this to a local file (not a file in the pod) in case you need to revert the reassignment later on. The second JSON object is the target reassignment you have passed in your reassignment JSON file.
If you need to change the throttle during reassignment you can use the same command line with a different throttled rate. For example:
oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --throttle 10000000 \ --execute
Periodically verify whether the reassignment has completed using the
kafka-reassign-partitions.sh
command line tool from any of the broker pods. This is the same command as the previous step but with the--verify
option instead of the--execute
option.oc exec broker-pod -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --verify
For example,
oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -it -- \ bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 \ --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \ --verify
-
The reassignment has finished when the
--verify
command reports each of the partitions being moved as completed successfully. This final--verify
will also have the effect of removing any reassignment throttles. You can now delete the revert file if you saved the JSON for reverting the assignment to their original brokers. Once all the partition reassignments have finished, the broker(s) being removed should not have responsibility for any of the partitions in the cluster. You can verify this by checking that the broker’s data log directory does not contain any live partition logs. If the log directory on the broker contains a directory that does not match the extended regular expression
\.[a-z0-9]-delete$
then the broker still has live partitions and it should not be stopped.You can check this by executing the command:
oc exec my-cluster-kafka-0 -c kafka -it -- \ /bin/bash -c \ "ls -l /var/lib/kafka/kafka-log_<N>_ | grep -E '^d' | grep -vE '[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-z0-9]+-delete$'"
where N is the number of the
Pod(s)
being deleted.If the above command prints any output then the broker still has live partitions. In this case, either the reassignment has not finished, or the reassignment JSON file was incorrect.
-
Once you have confirmed that the broker has no live partitions you can edit the
Kafka.spec.kafka.replicas
of yourKafka
resource, which will scale down theStatefulSet
, deleting the highest numbered brokerPod(s)
.
3.1.26. Deleting Kafka nodes manually
Additional resources
This procedure describes how to delete an existing Kafka node by using an OpenShift annotation. Deleting a Kafka node consists of deleting both the Pod
on which the Kafka broker is running and the related PersistentVolumeClaim
(if the cluster was deployed with persistent storage). After deletion, the Pod
and its related PersistentVolumeClaim
are recreated automatically.
Deleting a PersistentVolumeClaim
can cause permanent data loss. The following procedure should only be performed if you have encountered storage issues.
Prerequisites
- A running Kafka cluster.
- A running Cluster Operator.
Procedure
Find the name of the
Pod
that you want to delete.For example, if the cluster is named cluster-name, the pods are named cluster-name-kafka-index, where index starts at zero and ends at the total number of replicas.
Annotate the
Pod
resource in OpenShift.Use
oc annotate
:oc annotate pod cluster-name-kafka-index strimzi.io/delete-pod-and-pvc=true
- Wait for the next reconciliation, when the annotated pod with the underlying persistent volume claim will be deleted and then recreated.
Additional resources
- For more information about deploying the Cluster Operator, see Section 2.3, “Cluster Operator”.
- For more information about deploying the Kafka cluster, see Section 2.4.1, “Deploying the Kafka cluster”.
3.1.27. Deleting ZooKeeper nodes manually
This procedure describes how to delete an existing ZooKeeper node by using an OpenShift annotation. Deleting a ZooKeeper node consists of deleting both the Pod
on which ZooKeeper is running and the related PersistentVolumeClaim
(if the cluster was deployed with persistent storage). After deletion, the Pod
and its related PersistentVolumeClaim
are recreated automatically.
Deleting a PersistentVolumeClaim
can cause permanent data loss. The following procedure should only be performed if you have encountered storage issues.
Prerequisites
- A running ZooKeeper cluster.
- A running Cluster Operator.
Procedure
Find the name of the
Pod
that you want to delete.For example, if the cluster is named cluster-name, the pods are named cluster-name-zookeeper-index, where index starts at zero and ends at the total number of replicas.
Annotate the
Pod
resource in OpenShift.Use
oc annotate
:oc annotate pod cluster-name-zookeeper-index strimzi.io/delete-pod-and-pvc=true
- Wait for the next reconciliation, when the annotated pod with the underlying persistent volume claim will be deleted and then recreated.
Additional resources
- For more information about deploying the Cluster Operator, see Section 2.3, “Cluster Operator”.
- For more information about deploying the ZooKeeper cluster, see Section 2.4.1, “Deploying the Kafka cluster”.
3.1.28. Maintenance time windows for rolling updates
Maintenance time windows allow you to schedule certain rolling updates of your Kafka and ZooKeeper clusters to start at a convenient time.
3.1.28.1. Maintenance time windows overview
In most cases, the Cluster Operator only updates your Kafka or ZooKeeper clusters in response to changes to the corresponding Kafka
resource. This enables you to plan when to apply changes to a Kafka
resource to minimize the impact on Kafka client applications.
However, some updates to your Kafka and ZooKeeper clusters can happen without any corresponding change to the Kafka
resource. For example, the Cluster Operator will need to perform a rolling restart if a CA (Certificate Authority) certificate that it manages is close to expiry.
While a rolling restart of the pods should not affect availability of the service (assuming correct broker and topic configurations), it could affect performance of the Kafka client applications. Maintenance time windows allow you to schedule such spontaneous rolling updates of your Kafka and ZooKeeper clusters to start at a convenient time. If maintenance time windows are not configured for a cluster then it is possible that such spontaneous rolling updates will happen at an inconvenient time, such as during a predictable period of high load.
3.1.28.2. Maintenance time window definition
You configure maintenance time windows by entering an array of strings in the Kafka.spec.maintenanceTimeWindows
property. Each string is a cron expression interpreted as being in UTC (Coordinated Universal Time, which for practical purposes is the same as Greenwich Mean Time).
The following example configures a single maintenance time window that starts at midnight and ends at 01:59am (UTC), on Sundays, Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays:
# ... maintenanceTimeWindows: - "* * 0-1 ? * SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU *" # ...
In practice, maintenance windows should be set in conjunction with the Kafka.spec.clusterCa.renewalDays
and Kafka.spec.clientsCa.renewalDays
properties of the Kafka
resource, to ensure that the necessary CA certificate renewal can be completed in the configured maintenance time windows.
AMQ Streams does not schedule maintenance operations exactly according to the given windows. Instead, for each reconciliation, it checks whether a maintenance window is currently "open". This means that the start of maintenance operations within a given time window can be delayed by up to the Cluster Operator reconciliation interval. Maintenance time windows must therefore be at least this long.
Additional resources
- For more information about the Cluster Operator configuration, see Section 4.1.7, “Cluster Operator Configuration”.
3.1.28.3. Configuring a maintenance time window
You can configure a maintenance time window for rolling updates triggered by supported processes.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster.
- The Cluster Operator is running.
Procedure
Add or edit the
maintenanceTimeWindows
property in theKafka
resource. For example to allow maintenance between 0800 and 1059 and between 1400 and 1559 you would set themaintenanceTimeWindows
as shown below:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... maintenanceTimeWindows: - "* * 8-10 * * ?" - "* * 14-15 * * ?"
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
- Performing a rolling update of a Kafka cluster, see Section 3.1.23, “Performing a rolling update of a Kafka cluster”
- Performing a rolling update of a ZooKeeper cluster, see Section 3.1.24, “Performing a rolling update of a ZooKeeper cluster”
3.1.29. Renewing CA certificates manually
Unless the Kafka.spec.clusterCa.generateCertificateAuthority
and Kafka.spec.clientsCa.generateCertificateAuthority
objects are set to false
, the cluster and clients CA certificates will auto-renew at the start of their respective certificate renewal periods. You can manually renew one or both of these certificates before the certificate renewal period starts, if required for security reasons. A renewed certificate uses the same private key as the old certificate.
Prerequisites
- The Cluster Operator is running.
- A Kafka cluster in which CA certificates and private keys are installed.
Procedure
Apply the
strimzi.io/force-renew
annotation to theSecret
that contains the CA certificate that you want to renew.Certificate Secret Annotate command Cluster CA
<cluster-name>-cluster-ca-cert
oc annotate secret <cluster-name>-cluster-ca-cert strimzi.io/force-renew=true
Clients CA
<cluster-name>-clients-ca-cert
oc annotate secret <cluster-name>-clients-ca-cert strimzi.io/force-renew=true
At the next reconciliation the Cluster Operator will generate a new CA certificate for the Secret
that you annotated. If maintenance time windows are configured, the Cluster Operator will generate the new CA certificate at the first reconciliation within the next maintenance time window.
Client applications must reload the cluster and clients CA certificates that were renewed by the Cluster Operator.
3.1.30. Replacing private keys
You can replace the private keys used by the cluster CA and clients CA certificates. When a private key is replaced, the Cluster Operator generates a new CA certificate for the new private key.
Prerequisites
- The Cluster Operator is running.
- A Kafka cluster in which CA certificates and private keys are installed.
Procedure
Apply the
strimzi.io/force-replace
annotation to theSecret
that contains the private key that you want to renew.Private key for Secret Annotate command Cluster CA
<cluster-name>-cluster-ca
oc annotate secret <cluster-name>-cluster-ca strimzi.io/force-replace=true
Clients CA
<cluster-name>-clients-ca
oc annotate secret <cluster-name>-clients-ca strimzi.io/force-replace=true
At the next reconciliation the Cluster Operator will:
-
Generate a new private key for the
Secret
that you annotated - Generate a new CA certificate
If maintenance time windows are configured, the Cluster Operator will generate the new private key and CA certificate at the first reconciliation within the next maintenance time window.
Client applications must reload the cluster and clients CA certificates that were renewed by the Cluster Operator.
Additional resources
3.1.31. List of resources created as part of Kafka cluster
The following resources will created by the Cluster Operator in the OpenShift cluster:
cluster-name-kafka
- StatefulSet which is in charge of managing the Kafka broker pods.
cluster-name-kafka-brokers
- Service needed to have DNS resolve the Kafka broker pods IP addresses directly.
cluster-name-kafka-bootstrap
- Service can be used as bootstrap servers for Kafka clients.
cluster-name-kafka-external-bootstrap
- Bootstrap service for clients connecting from outside of the OpenShift cluster. This resource will be created only when external listener is enabled.
cluster-name-kafka-pod-id
- Service used to route traffic from outside of the OpenShift cluster to individual pods. This resource will be created only when external listener is enabled.
cluster-name-kafka-external-bootstrap
-
Bootstrap route for clients connecting from outside of the OpenShift cluster. This resource will be created only when external listener is enabled and set to type
route
. cluster-name-kafka-pod-id
-
Route for traffic from outside of the OpenShift cluster to individual pods. This resource will be created only when external listener is enabled and set to type
route
. cluster-name-kafka-config
- ConfigMap which contains the Kafka ancillary configuration and is mounted as a volume by the Kafka broker pods.
cluster-name-kafka-brokers
- Secret with Kafka broker keys.
cluster-name-kafka
- Service account used by the Kafka brokers.
cluster-name-kafka
- Pod Disruption Budget configured for the Kafka brokers.
strimzi-namespace-name-cluster-name-kafka-init
- Cluster role binding used by the Kafka brokers.
cluster-name-zookeeper
- StatefulSet which is in charge of managing the ZooKeeper node pods.
cluster-name-zookeeper-nodes
- Service needed to have DNS resolve the ZooKeeper pods IP addresses directly.
cluster-name-zookeeper-client
- Service used by Kafka brokers to connect to ZooKeeper nodes as clients.
cluster-name-zookeeper-config
- ConfigMap which contains the ZooKeeper ancillary configuration and is mounted as a volume by the ZooKeeper node pods.
cluster-name-zookeeper-nodes
- Secret with ZooKeeper node keys.
cluster-name-zookeeper
- Pod Disruption Budget configured for the ZooKeeper nodes.
cluster-name-entity-operator
- Deployment with Topic and User Operators. This resource will be created only if Cluster Operator deployed Entity Operator.
cluster-name-entity-topic-operator-config
- Configmap with ancillary configuration for Topic Operators. This resource will be created only if Cluster Operator deployed Entity Operator.
cluster-name-entity-user-operator-config
- Configmap with ancillary configuration for User Operators. This resource will be created only if Cluster Operator deployed Entity Operator.
cluster-name-entity-operator-certs
- Secret with Entity operators keys for communication with Kafka and ZooKeeper. This resource will be created only if Cluster Operator deployed Entity Operator.
cluster-name-entity-operator
- Service account used by the Entity Operator.
strimzi-cluster-name-topic-operator
- Role binding used by the Entity Operator.
strimzi-cluster-name-user-operator
- Role binding used by the Entity Operator.
cluster-name-cluster-ca
- Secret with the Cluster CA used to encrypt the cluster communication.
cluster-name-cluster-ca-cert
- Secret with the Cluster CA public key. This key can be used to verify the identity of the Kafka brokers.
cluster-name-clients-ca
- Secret with the Clients CA used to encrypt the communication between Kafka brokers and Kafka clients.
cluster-name-clients-ca-cert
- Secret with the Clients CA public key. This key can be used to verify the identity of the Kafka brokers.
cluster-name-cluster-operator-certs
- Secret with Cluster operators keys for communication with Kafka and ZooKeeper.
data-cluster-name-kafka-idx
-
Persistent Volume Claim for the volume used for storing data for the Kafka broker pod
idx
. This resource will be created only if persistent storage is selected for provisioning persistent volumes to store data. data-id-cluster-name-kafka-idx
-
Persistent Volume Claim for the volume
id
used for storing data for the Kafka broker podidx
. This resource is only created if persistent storage is selected for JBOD volumes when provisioning persistent volumes to store data. data-cluster-name-zookeeper-idx
-
Persistent Volume Claim for the volume used for storing data for the ZooKeeper node pod
idx
. This resource will be created only if persistent storage is selected for provisioning persistent volumes to store data. cluster-name-jmx
- Secret with JMX username and password used to secure the Kafka broker port.
3.2. Kafka Connect cluster configuration
The full schema of the KafkaConnect
resource is described in the Section B.72, “KafkaConnect
schema reference”. All labels that are applied to the desired KafkaConnect
resource will also be applied to the OpenShift resources making up the Kafka Connect cluster. This provides a convenient mechanism for resources to be labeled as required.
3.2.1. Replicas
Kafka Connect clusters can consist of one or more nodes. The number of nodes is defined in the KafkaConnect
and KafkaConnectS2I
resources. Running a Kafka Connect cluster with multiple nodes can provide better availability and scalability. However, when running Kafka Connect on OpenShift it is not necessary to run multiple nodes of Kafka Connect for high availability. If a node where Kafka Connect is deployed to crashes, OpenShift will automatically reschedule the Kafka Connect pod to a different node. However, running Kafka Connect with multiple nodes can provide faster failover times, because the other nodes will be up and running already.
3.2.1.1. Configuring the number of nodes
The number of Kafka Connect nodes is configured using the replicas
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
replicas
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnectS2I metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... replicas: 3 # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.2. Bootstrap servers
A Kafka Connect cluster always works in combination with a Kafka cluster. A Kafka cluster is specified as a list of bootstrap servers. On OpenShift, the list must ideally contain the Kafka cluster bootstrap service named cluster-name-kafka-bootstrap
, and a port of 9092 for plain traffic or 9093 for encrypted traffic.
The list of bootstrap servers is configured in the bootstrapServers
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
. The servers must be defined as a comma-separated list specifying one or more Kafka brokers, or a service pointing to Kafka brokers specified as a hostname:_port_
pairs.
When using Kafka Connect with a Kafka cluster not managed by AMQ Streams, you can specify the bootstrap servers list according to the configuration of the cluster.
3.2.2.1. Configuring bootstrap servers
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
bootstrapServers
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... bootstrapServers: my-cluster-kafka-bootstrap:9092 # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.3. Connecting to Kafka brokers using TLS
By default, Kafka Connect tries to connect to Kafka brokers using a plain text connection. If you prefer to use TLS, additional configuration is required.
3.2.3.1. TLS support in Kafka Connect
TLS support is configured in the tls
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
. The tls
property contains a list of secrets with key names under which the certificates are stored. The certificates must be stored in X509 format.
An example showing TLS configuration with multiple certificates
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... tls: trustedCertificates: - secretName: my-secret certificate: ca.crt - secretName: my-other-secret certificate: certificate.crt # ...
When multiple certificates are stored in the same secret, it can be listed multiple times.
An example showing TLS configuration with multiple certificates from the same secret
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnectS2I metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... tls: trustedCertificates: - secretName: my-secret certificate: ca.crt - secretName: my-secret certificate: ca2.crt # ...
3.2.3.2. Configuring TLS in Kafka Connect
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
-
If they exist, the name of the
Secret
for the certificate used for TLS Server Authentication, and the key under which the certificate is stored in theSecret
Procedure
(Optional) If they do not already exist, prepare the TLS certificate used in authentication in a file and create a
Secret
.NoteThe secrets created by the Cluster Operator for Kafka cluster may be used directly.
This can be done using
oc create
:oc create secret generic my-secret --from-file=my-file.crt
Edit the
tls
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... tls: trustedCertificates: - secretName: my-cluster-cluster-cert certificate: ca.crt # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.4. Connecting to Kafka brokers with Authentication
By default, Kafka Connect will try to connect to Kafka brokers without authentication. Authentication is enabled through the KafkaConnect
and KafkaConnectS2I
resources.
3.2.4.1. Authentication support in Kafka Connect
Authentication is configured through the authentication
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
. The authentication
property specifies the type of the authentication mechanisms which should be used and additional configuration details depending on the mechanism. The supported authentication types are:
- TLS client authentication
- SASL-based authentication using the SCRAM-SHA-512 mechanism
- SASL-based authentication using the PLAIN mechanism
- OAuth 2.0 token based authentication
3.2.4.1.1. TLS Client Authentication
To use TLS client authentication, set the type
property to the value tls
. TLS client authentication uses a TLS certificate to authenticate. The certificate is specified in the certificateAndKey
property and is always loaded from an OpenShift secret. In the secret, the certificate must be stored in X509 format under two different keys: public and private.
TLS client authentication can be used only with TLS connections. For more details about TLS configuration in Kafka Connect see Section 3.2.3, “Connecting to Kafka brokers using TLS”.
An example TLS client authentication configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... authentication: type: tls certificateAndKey: secretName: my-secret certificate: public.crt key: private.key # ...
3.2.4.1.2. SASL based SCRAM-SHA-512 authentication
To configure Kafka Connect to use SASL-based SCRAM-SHA-512 authentication, set the type
property to scram-sha-512
. This authentication mechanism requires a username and password.
-
Specify the username in the
username
property. -
In the
passwordSecret
property, specify a link to aSecret
containing the password. ThesecretName
property contains the name of theSecret
and thepassword
property contains the name of the key under which the password is stored inside theSecret
.
Do not specify the actual password in the password
field.
An example SASL based SCRAM-SHA-512 client authentication configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... authentication: type: scram-sha-512 username: my-connect-user passwordSecret: secretName: my-connect-user password: my-connect-password-key # ...
3.2.4.1.3. SASL based PLAIN authentication
To configure Kafka Connect to use SASL-based PLAIN authentication, set the type
property to plain
. This authentication mechanism requires a username and password.
The SASL PLAIN mechanism will transfer the username and password across the network in cleartext. Only use SASL PLAIN authentication if TLS encryption is enabled.
-
Specify the username in the
username
property. -
In the
passwordSecret
property, specify a link to aSecret
containing the password. ThesecretName
property contains the name of such aSecret
and thepassword
property contains the name of the key under which the password is stored inside theSecret
.
Do not specify the actual password in the password
field.
An example showing SASL based PLAIN client authentication configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... authentication: type: plain username: my-connect-user passwordSecret: secretName: my-connect-user password: my-connect-password-key # ...
3.2.4.2. Configuring TLS client authentication in Kafka Connect
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
-
If they exist, the name of the
Secret
with the public and private keys used for TLS Client Authentication, and the keys under which they are stored in theSecret
Procedure
(Optional) If they do not already exist, prepare the keys used for authentication in a file and create the
Secret
.NoteSecrets created by the User Operator may be used.
This can be done using
oc create
:oc create secret generic my-secret --from-file=my-public.crt --from-file=my-private.key
Edit the
authentication
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... authentication: type: tls certificateAndKey: secretName: my-secret certificate: my-public.crt key: my-private.key # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.4.3. Configuring SCRAM-SHA-512 authentication in Kafka Connect
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
- Username of the user which should be used for authentication
-
If they exist, the name of the
Secret
with the password used for authentication and the key under which the password is stored in theSecret
Procedure
(Optional) If they do not already exist, prepare a file with the password used in authentication and create the
Secret
.NoteSecrets created by the User Operator may be used.
This can be done using
oc create
:echo -n '<password>' > <my-password.txt> oc create secret generic <my-secret> --from-file=<my-password.txt>
Edit the
authentication
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... authentication: type: scram-sha-512 username: _<my-username>_ passwordSecret: secretName: _<my-secret>_ password: _<my-password.txt>_ # ...
Create or update the resource.
On OpenShift this can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.5. Kafka Connect configuration
AMQ Streams allows you to customize the configuration of Apache Kafka Connect nodes by editing certain options listed in Apache Kafka documentation.
Configuration options that cannot be configured relate to:
- Kafka cluster bootstrap address
- Security (Encryption, Authentication, and Authorization)
- Listener / REST interface configuration
- Plugin path configuration
These options are automatically configured by AMQ Streams.
3.2.5.1. Kafka Connect configuration
Kafka Connect is configured using the config
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
. This property contains the Kafka Connect configuration options as keys. The values can be one of the following JSON types:
- String
- Number
- Boolean
You can specify and configure the options listed in the Apache Kafka documentation with the exception of those options that are managed directly by AMQ Streams. Specifically, configuration options with keys equal to or starting with one of the following strings are forbidden:
-
ssl.
-
sasl.
-
security.
-
listeners
-
plugin.path
-
rest.
-
bootstrap.servers
When a forbidden option is present in the config
property, it is ignored and a warning message is printed to the Custer Operator log file. All other options are passed to Kafka Connect.
The Cluster Operator does not validate keys or values in the config
object provided. When an invalid configuration is provided, the Kafka Connect cluster might not start or might become unstable. In this circumstance, fix the configuration in the KafkaConnect.spec.config
or KafkaConnectS2I.spec.config
object, then the Cluster Operator can roll out the new configuration to all Kafka Connect nodes.
Certain options have default values:
-
group.id
with default valueconnect-cluster
-
offset.storage.topic
with default valueconnect-cluster-offsets
-
config.storage.topic
with default valueconnect-cluster-configs
-
status.storage.topic
with default valueconnect-cluster-status
-
key.converter
with default valueorg.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter
-
value.converter
with default valueorg.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter
These options are automatically configured in case they are not present in the KafkaConnect.spec.config
or KafkaConnectS2I.spec.config
properties.
Example Kafka Connect configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... config: group.id: my-connect-cluster offset.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-offsets config.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-configs status.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-status key.converter: org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter value.converter: org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter key.converter.schemas.enable: true value.converter.schemas.enable: true config.storage.replication.factor: 3 offset.storage.replication.factor: 3 status.storage.replication.factor: 3 # ...
3.2.5.2. Kafka Connect configuration for multiple instances
If you are running multiple instances of Kafka Connect, pay attention to the default configuration of the following properties:
# ... group.id: connect-cluster 1 offset.storage.topic: connect-cluster-offsets 2 config.storage.topic: connect-cluster-configs 3 status.storage.topic: connect-cluster-status 4 # ...
Values for the three topics must be the same for all Kafka Connect instances with the same group.id
.
Unless you change the default settings, each Kafka Connect instance connecting to the same Kafka cluster is deployed with the same values. What happens, in effect, is all instances are coupled to run in a cluster and use the same topics.
If multiple Kafka Connect clusters try to use the same topics, Kafka Connect will not work as expected and generate errors.
If you wish to run multiple Kafka Connect instances, change the values of these properties for each instance.
3.2.5.3. Configuring Kafka Connect
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
config
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... config: group.id: my-connect-cluster offset.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-offsets config.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-configs status.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-status key.converter: org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter value.converter: org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter key.converter.schemas.enable: true value.converter.schemas.enable: true config.storage.replication.factor: 3 offset.storage.replication.factor: 3 status.storage.replication.factor: 3 # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.6. CPU and memory resources
For every deployed container, AMQ Streams allows you to request specific resources and define the maximum consumption of those resources.
AMQ Streams supports two types of resources:
- CPU
- Memory
AMQ Streams uses the OpenShift syntax for specifying CPU and memory resources.
3.2.6.1. Resource limits and requests
Resource limits and requests are configured using the resources
property in the following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.topicOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.userOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.KafkaExporter
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
-
KafkaBridge.spec
Additional resources
- For more information about managing computing resources on OpenShift, see Managing Compute Resources for Containers.
3.2.6.1.1. Resource requests
Requests specify the resources to reserve for a given container. Reserving the resources ensures that they are always available.
If the resource request is for more than the available free resources in the OpenShift cluster, the pod is not scheduled.
Resources requests are specified in the requests
property. Resources requests currently supported by AMQ Streams:
-
cpu
-
memory
A request may be configured for one or more supported resources.
Example resource request configuration with all resources
# ... resources: requests: cpu: 12 memory: 64Gi # ...
3.2.6.1.2. Resource limits
Limits specify the maximum resources that can be consumed by a given container. The limit is not reserved and might not always be available. A container can use the resources up to the limit only when they are available. Resource limits should be always higher than the resource requests.
Resource limits are specified in the limits
property. Resource limits currently supported by AMQ Streams:
-
cpu
-
memory
A resource may be configured for one or more supported limits.
Example resource limits configuration
# ... resources: limits: cpu: 12 memory: 64Gi # ...
3.2.6.1.3. Supported CPU formats
CPU requests and limits are supported in the following formats:
-
Number of CPU cores as integer (
5
CPU core) or decimal (2.5
CPU core). -
Number or millicpus / millicores (
100m
) where 1000 millicores is the same1
CPU core.
Example CPU units
# ... resources: requests: cpu: 500m limits: cpu: 2.5 # ...
The computing power of 1 CPU core may differ depending on the platform where OpenShift is deployed.
Additional resources
- For more information on CPU specification, see the Meaning of CPU.
3.2.6.1.4. Supported memory formats
Memory requests and limits are specified in megabytes, gigabytes, mebibytes, and gibibytes.
-
To specify memory in megabytes, use the
M
suffix. For example1000M
. -
To specify memory in gigabytes, use the
G
suffix. For example1G
. -
To specify memory in mebibytes, use the
Mi
suffix. For example1000Mi
. -
To specify memory in gibibytes, use the
Gi
suffix. For example1Gi
.
An example of using different memory units
# ... resources: requests: memory: 512Mi limits: memory: 2Gi # ...
Additional resources
- For more details about memory specification and additional supported units, see Meaning of memory.
3.2.6.2. Configuring resource requests and limits
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
resources
property in the resource specifying the cluster deployment. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... resources: requests: cpu: "8" memory: 64Gi limits: cpu: "12" memory: 128Gi # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Additional resources
-
For more information about the schema, see
Resources
schema reference.
3.2.7. Kafka Connect loggers
Kafka Connect has its own configurable loggers:
-
connect.root.logger.level
-
log4j.logger.org.reflections
Kafka Connect uses the Apache log4j
logger implementation.
Use the logging
property to configure loggers and logger levels.
You can set the log levels by specifying the logger and level directly (inline) or use a custom (external) ConfigMap. If a ConfigMap is used, you set logging.name
property to the name of the ConfigMap containing the external logging configuration. Inside the ConfigMap, the logging configuration is described using log4j.properties
.
Here we see examples of inline
and external
logging.
Inline logging
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect spec: # ... logging: type: inline loggers: connect.root.logger.level: "INFO" # ...
External logging
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect spec: # ... logging: type: external name: customConfigMap # ...
Additional resources
- Garbage collector (GC) logging can also be enabled (or disabled). For more information about GC logging, see Section 3.1.18.1, “JVM configuration”
- For more information about log levels, see Apache logging services.
3.2.8. Healthchecks
Healthchecks are periodical tests which verify the health of an application. When a Healthcheck probe fails, OpenShift assumes that the application is not healthy and attempts to fix it.
OpenShift supports two types of Healthcheck probes:
- Liveness probes
- Readiness probes
For more details about the probes, see Configure Liveness and Readiness Probes. Both types of probes are used in AMQ Streams components.
Users can configure selected options for liveness and readiness probes.
3.2.8.1. Healthcheck configurations
Liveness and readiness probes can be configured using the livenessProbe
and readinessProbe
properties in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.topicOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.userOperator
-
Kafka.spec.KafkaExporter
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
-
KafkaMirrorMaker.spec
-
KafkaBridge.spec
Both livenessProbe
and readinessProbe
support the following options:
-
initialDelaySeconds
-
timeoutSeconds
-
periodSeconds
-
successThreshold
-
failureThreshold
For more information about the livenessProbe
and readinessProbe
options, see Section B.39, “Probe
schema reference”.
An example of liveness and readiness probe configuration
# ... readinessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 livenessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 # ...
3.2.8.2. Configuring healthchecks
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
livenessProbe
orreadinessProbe
property in theKafka
,KafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... readinessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 livenessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 15 timeoutSeconds: 5 # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.9. Prometheus metrics
AMQ Streams supports Prometheus metrics using Prometheus JMX exporter to convert the JMX metrics supported by Apache Kafka and ZooKeeper to Prometheus metrics. When metrics are enabled, they are exposed on port 9404.
For more information about configuring Prometheus and Grafana, see Metrics.
3.2.9.1. Metrics configuration
Prometheus metrics are enabled by configuring the metrics
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
When the metrics
property is not defined in the resource, the Prometheus metrics will be disabled. To enable Prometheus metrics export without any further configuration, you can set it to an empty object ({}
).
Example of enabling metrics without any further configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... metrics: {} # ... zookeeper: # ...
The metrics
property might contain additional configuration for the Prometheus JMX exporter.
Example of enabling metrics with additional Prometheus JMX Exporter configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... metrics: lowercaseOutputName: true rules: - pattern: "kafka.server<type=(.+), name=(.+)PerSec\\w*><>Count" name: "kafka_server_$1_$2_total" - pattern: "kafka.server<type=(.+), name=(.+)PerSec\\w*, topic=(.+)><>Count" name: "kafka_server_$1_$2_total" labels: topic: "$3" # ... zookeeper: # ...
3.2.9.2. Configuring Prometheus metrics
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
metrics
property in theKafka
,KafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... zookeeper: # ... metrics: lowercaseOutputName: true # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.10. JVM Options
The following components of AMQ Streams run inside a Virtual Machine (VM):
- Apache Kafka
- Apache ZooKeeper
- Apache Kafka Connect
- Apache Kafka MirrorMaker
- AMQ Streams Kafka Bridge
JVM configuration options optimize the performance for different platforms and architectures. AMQ Streams allows you to configure some of these options.
3.2.10.1. JVM configuration
JVM options can be configured using the jvmOptions
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
-
KafkaMirrorMaker.spec
-
KafkaBridge.spec
Only a selected subset of available JVM options can be configured. The following options are supported:
-Xms and -Xmx
-Xms
configures the minimum initial allocation heap size when the JVM starts. -Xmx
configures the maximum heap size.
The units accepted by JVM settings such as -Xmx
and -Xms
are those accepted by the JDK java
binary in the corresponding image. Accordingly, 1g
or 1G
means 1,073,741,824 bytes, and Gi
is not a valid unit suffix. This is in contrast to the units used for memory requests and limits, which follow the OpenShift convention where 1G
means 1,000,000,000 bytes, and 1Gi
means 1,073,741,824 bytes
The default values used for -Xms
and -Xmx
depends on whether there is a memory request limit configured for the container:
- If there is a memory limit then the JVM’s minimum and maximum memory will be set to a value corresponding to the limit.
-
If there is no memory limit then the JVM’s minimum memory will be set to
128M
and the JVM’s maximum memory will not be defined. This allows for the JVM’s memory to grow as-needed, which is ideal for single node environments in test and development.
Setting -Xmx
explicitly requires some care:
-
The JVM’s overall memory usage will be approximately 4 × the maximum heap, as configured by
-Xmx
. -
If
-Xmx
is set without also setting an appropriate OpenShift memory limit, it is possible that the container will be killed should the OpenShift node experience memory pressure (from other Pods running on it). -
If
-Xmx
is set without also setting an appropriate OpenShift memory request, it is possible that the container will be scheduled to a node with insufficient memory. In this case, the container will not start but crash (immediately if-Xms
is set to-Xmx
, or some later time if not).
When setting -Xmx
explicitly, it is recommended to:
- set the memory request and the memory limit to the same value,
-
use a memory request that is at least 4.5 × the
-Xmx
, -
consider setting
-Xms
to the same value as-Xmx
.
Containers doing lots of disk I/O (such as Kafka broker containers) will need to leave some memory available for use as operating system page cache. On such containers, the requested memory should be significantly higher than the memory used by the JVM.
Example fragment configuring -Xmx
and -Xms
# ... jvmOptions: "-Xmx": "2g" "-Xms": "2g" # ...
In the above example, the JVM will use 2 GiB (=2,147,483,648 bytes) for its heap. Its total memory usage will be approximately 8GiB.
Setting the same value for initial (-Xms
) and maximum (-Xmx
) heap sizes avoids the JVM having to allocate memory after startup, at the cost of possibly allocating more heap than is really needed. For Kafka and ZooKeeper pods such allocation could cause unwanted latency. For Kafka Connect avoiding over allocation may be the most important concern, especially in distributed mode where the effects of over-allocation will be multiplied by the number of consumers.
-server
-server
enables the server JVM. This option can be set to true or false.
Example fragment configuring -server
# ... jvmOptions: "-server": true # ...
When neither of the two options (-server
and -XX
) is specified, the default Apache Kafka configuration of KAFKA_JVM_PERFORMANCE_OPTS
will be used.
-XX
-XX
object can be used for configuring advanced runtime options of a JVM. The -server
and -XX
options are used to configure the KAFKA_JVM_PERFORMANCE_OPTS
option of Apache Kafka.
Example showing the use of the -XX
object
jvmOptions: "-XX": "UseG1GC": true "MaxGCPauseMillis": 20 "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent": 35 "ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent": true "UseParNewGC": false
The example configuration above will result in the following JVM options:
-XX:+UseG1GC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=20 -XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=35 -XX:+ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent -XX:-UseParNewGC
When neither of the two options (-server
and -XX
) is specified, the default Apache Kafka configuration of KAFKA_JVM_PERFORMANCE_OPTS
will be used.
3.2.10.1.1. Garbage collector logging
The jvmOptions
section also allows you to enable and disable garbage collector (GC) logging. GC logging is disabled by default. To enable it, set the gcLoggingEnabled
property as follows:
Example of enabling GC logging
# ... jvmOptions: gcLoggingEnabled: true # ...
3.2.10.2. Configuring JVM options
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
jvmOptions
property in theKafka
,KafkaConnect
,KafkaConnectS2I
,KafkaMirrorMaker
, orKafkaBridge
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... jvmOptions: "-Xmx": "8g" "-Xms": "8g" # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.11. Container images
AMQ Streams allows you to configure container images which will be used for its components. Overriding container images is recommended only in special situations, where you need to use a different container registry. For example, because your network does not allow access to the container repository used by AMQ Streams. In such a case, you should either copy the AMQ Streams images or build them from the source. If the configured image is not compatible with AMQ Streams images, it might not work properly.
3.2.11.1. Container image configurations
You can specify which container image to use for each component using the image
property in the following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.tlsSidecar
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.topicOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.userOperator
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.tlsSidecar
-
KafkaConnect.spec
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec
-
KafkaBridge.spec
3.2.11.1.1. Configuring the image
property for Kafka, Kafka Connect, and Kafka MirrorMaker
Kafka, Kafka Connect (including Kafka Connect with S2I support), and Kafka MirrorMaker support multiple versions of Kafka. Each component requires its own image. The default images for the different Kafka versions are configured in the following environment variables:
-
STRIMZI_KAFKA_IMAGES
-
STRIMZI_KAFKA_CONNECT_IMAGES
-
STRIMZI_KAFKA_CONNECT_S2I_IMAGES
-
STRIMZI_KAFKA_MIRROR_MAKER_IMAGES
These environment variables contain mappings between the Kafka versions and their corresponding images. The mappings are used together with the image
and version
properties:
-
If neither
image
norversion
are given in the custom resource then theversion
will default to the Cluster Operator’s default Kafka version, and the image will be the one corresponding to this version in the environment variable. -
If
image
is given butversion
is not, then the given image is used and theversion
is assumed to be the Cluster Operator’s default Kafka version. -
If
version
is given butimage
is not, then the image that corresponds to the given version in the environment variable is used. -
If both
version
andimage
are given, then the given image is used. The image is assumed to contain a Kafka image with the given version.
The image
and version
for the different components can be configured in the following properties:
-
For Kafka in
spec.kafka.image
andspec.kafka.version
. -
For Kafka Connect, Kafka Connect S2I, and Kafka MirrorMaker in
spec.image
andspec.version
.
It is recommended to provide only the version
and leave the image
property unspecified. This reduces the chance of making a mistake when configuring the custom resource. If you need to change the images used for different versions of Kafka, it is preferable to configure the Cluster Operator’s environment variables.
3.2.11.1.2. Configuring the image
property in other resources
For the image
property in the other custom resources, the given value will be used during deployment. If the image
property is missing, the image
specified in the Cluster Operator configuration will be used. If the image
name is not defined in the Cluster Operator configuration, then the default value will be used.
For Kafka broker TLS sidecar:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_TLS_SIDECAR_KAFKA_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
- For ZooKeeper nodes:
For ZooKeeper node TLS sidecar:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_TLS_SIDECAR_ZOOKEEPER_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Topic Operator:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_TOPIC_OPERATOR_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-rhel7-operator:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For User Operator:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_USER_OPERATOR_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-rhel7-operator:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Entity Operator TLS sidecar:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_TLS_SIDECAR_ENTITY_OPERATOR_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Kafka Exporter:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_KAFKA_EXPORTER_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-kafka-24-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Kafka Bridge:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_KAFKA_BRIDGE_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-bridge-rhel7:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
For Kafka broker initializer:
-
Container image specified in the
STRIMZI_DEFAULT_KAFKA_INIT_IMAGE
environment variable from the Cluster Operator configuration. -
registry.redhat.io/amq7/amq-streams-rhel7-operator:1.4.0
container image.
-
Container image specified in the
Overriding container images is recommended only in special situations, where you need to use a different container registry. For example, because your network does not allow access to the container repository used by AMQ Streams. In such case, you should either copy the AMQ Streams images or build them from source. In case the configured image is not compatible with AMQ Streams images, it might not work properly.
Example of container image configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... image: my-org/my-image:latest # ... zookeeper: # ...
3.2.11.2. Configuring container images
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
image
property in theKafka
,KafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka metadata: name: my-cluster spec: kafka: # ... image: my-org/my-image:latest # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.12. Configuring pod scheduling
When two applications are scheduled to the same OpenShift node, both applications might use the same resources like disk I/O and impact performance. That can lead to performance degradation. Scheduling Kafka pods in a way that avoids sharing nodes with other critical workloads, using the right nodes or dedicated a set of nodes only for Kafka are the best ways how to avoid such problems.
3.2.12.1. Scheduling pods based on other applications
3.2.12.1.1. Avoid critical applications to share the node
Pod anti-affinity can be used to ensure that critical applications are never scheduled on the same disk. When running Kafka cluster, it is recommended to use pod anti-affinity to ensure that the Kafka brokers do not share the nodes with other workloads like databases.
3.2.12.1.2. Affinity
Affinity can be configured using the affinity
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.template.pod
-
KafkaConnect.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaBridge.spec.template.pod
The affinity configuration can include different types of affinity:
- Pod affinity and anti-affinity
- Node affinity
The format of the affinity
property follows the OpenShift specification. For more details, see the Kubernetes node and pod affinity documentation.
3.2.12.1.3. Configuring pod anti-affinity in Kafka components
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
affinity
property in the resource specifying the cluster deployment. Use labels to specify the pods which should not be scheduled on the same nodes. ThetopologyKey
should be set tokubernetes.io/hostname
to specify that the selected pods should not be scheduled on nodes with the same hostname. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... template: pod: affinity: podAntiAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: - labelSelector: matchExpressions: - key: application operator: In values: - postgresql - mongodb topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname" # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.12.2. Scheduling pods to specific nodes
3.2.12.2.1. Node scheduling
The OpenShift cluster usually consists of many different types of worker nodes. Some are optimized for CPU heavy workloads, some for memory, while other might be optimized for storage (fast local SSDs) or network. Using different nodes helps to optimize both costs and performance. To achieve the best possible performance, it is important to allow scheduling of AMQ Streams components to use the right nodes.
OpenShift uses node affinity to schedule workloads onto specific nodes. Node affinity allows you to create a scheduling constraint for the node on which the pod will be scheduled. The constraint is specified as a label selector. You can specify the label using either the built-in node label like beta.kubernetes.io/instance-type
or custom labels to select the right node.
3.2.12.2.2. Affinity
Affinity can be configured using the affinity
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.template.pod
-
KafkaConnect.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaBridge.spec.template.pod
The affinity configuration can include different types of affinity:
- Pod affinity and anti-affinity
- Node affinity
The format of the affinity
property follows the OpenShift specification. For more details, see the Kubernetes node and pod affinity documentation.
3.2.12.2.3. Configuring node affinity in Kafka components
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Label the nodes where AMQ Streams components should be scheduled.
This can be done using
oc label
:oc label node your-node node-type=fast-network
Alternatively, some of the existing labels might be reused.
Edit the
affinity
property in the resource specifying the cluster deployment. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... template: pod: affinity: nodeAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: node-type operator: In values: - fast-network # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.12.3. Using dedicated nodes
3.2.12.3.1. Dedicated nodes
Cluster administrators can mark selected OpenShift nodes as tainted. Nodes with taints are excluded from regular scheduling and normal pods will not be scheduled to run on them. Only services which can tolerate the taint set on the node can be scheduled on it. The only other services running on such nodes will be system services such as log collectors or software defined networks.
Taints can be used to create dedicated nodes. Running Kafka and its components on dedicated nodes can have many advantages. There will be no other applications running on the same nodes which could cause disturbance or consume the resources needed for Kafka. That can lead to improved performance and stability.
To schedule Kafka pods on the dedicated nodes, configure node affinity and tolerations.
3.2.12.3.2. Affinity
Affinity can be configured using the affinity
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.template.pod
-
KafkaConnect.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaBridge.spec.template.pod
The affinity configuration can include different types of affinity:
- Pod affinity and anti-affinity
- Node affinity
The format of the affinity
property follows the OpenShift specification. For more details, see the Kubernetes node and pod affinity documentation.
3.2.12.3.3. Tolerations
Tolerations can be configured using the tolerations
property in following resources:
-
Kafka.spec.kafka.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.zookeeper.template.pod
-
Kafka.spec.entityOperator.template.pod
-
KafkaConnect.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaConnectS2I.spec.template.pod
-
KafkaBridge.spec.template.pod
The format of the tolerations
property follows the OpenShift specification. For more details, see the Kubernetes taints and tolerations.
3.2.12.3.4. Setting up dedicated nodes and scheduling pods on them
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
- Select the nodes which should be used as dedicated.
- Make sure there are no workloads scheduled on these nodes.
Set the taints on the selected nodes:
This can be done using
oc adm taint
:oc adm taint node your-node dedicated=Kafka:NoSchedule
Additionally, add a label to the selected nodes as well.
This can be done using
oc label
:oc label node your-node dedicated=Kafka
Edit the
affinity
andtolerations
properties in the resource specifying the cluster deployment. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: Kafka spec: kafka: # ... template: pod: tolerations: - key: "dedicated" operator: "Equal" value: "Kafka" effect: "NoSchedule" affinity: nodeAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: dedicated operator: In values: - Kafka # ... zookeeper: # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.2.13. Using external configuration and secrets
Connectors are created, reconfigured, and deleted using the Kafka Connect HTTP REST interface, or by using KafkaConnectors
. For more information on these methods, see Section 2.5.3, “Creating and managing connectors”. The connector configuration is passed to Kafka Connect as part of an HTTP request and stored within Kafka itself.
ConfigMaps and Secrets are standard OpenShift resources used for storing configurations and confidential data. Whichever method you use to manage connectors, you can use ConfigMaps and Secrets to configure certain elements of a connector. You can then reference the configuration values in HTTP REST commands (this keeps the configuration separate and more secure, if needed). This method applies especially to confidential data, such as usernames, passwords, or certificates.
3.2.13.1. Storing connector configurations externally
You can mount ConfigMaps or Secrets into a Kafka Connect pod as volumes or environment variables. Volumes and environment variables are configured in the externalConfiguration
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
.
3.2.13.1.1. External configuration as environment variables
The env
property is used to specify one or more environment variables. These variables can contain a value from either a ConfigMap or a Secret.
The names of user-defined environment variables cannot start with KAFKA_
or STRIMZI_
.
To mount a value from a Secret to an environment variable, use the valueFrom
property and the secretKeyRef
as shown in the following example.
Example of an environment variable set to a value from a Secret
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... externalConfiguration: env: - name: MY_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE valueFrom: secretKeyRef: name: my-secret key: my-key
A common use case for mounting Secrets to environment variables is when your connector needs to communicate with Amazon AWS and needs to read the AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
and AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
environment variables with credentials.
To mount a value from a ConfigMap to an environment variable, use configMapKeyRef
in the valueFrom
property as shown in the following example.
Example of an environment variable set to a value from a ConfigMap
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... externalConfiguration: env: - name: MY_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE valueFrom: configMapKeyRef: name: my-config-map key: my-key
3.2.13.1.2. External configuration as volumes
You can also mount ConfigMaps or Secrets to a Kafka Connect pod as volumes. Using volumes instead of environment variables is useful in the following scenarios:
- Mounting truststores or keystores with TLS certificates
- Mounting a properties file that is used to configure Kafka Connect connectors
In the volumes
property of the externalConfiguration
resource, list the ConfigMaps or Secrets that will be mounted as volumes. Each volume must specify a name in the name
property and a reference to ConfigMap or Secret.
Example of volumes with external configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... externalConfiguration: volumes: - name: connector1 configMap: name: connector1-configuration - name: connector1-certificates secret: secretName: connector1-certificates
The volumes will be mounted inside the Kafka Connect containers in the path /opt/kafka/external-configuration/<volume-name>
. For example, the files from a volume named connector1
would appear in the directory /opt/kafka/external-configuration/connector1
.
The FileConfigProvider
has to be used to read the values from the mounted properties files in connector configurations.
3.2.13.2. Mounting Secrets as environment variables
You can create an OpenShift Secret and mount it to Kafka Connect as an environment variable.
Prerequisites
- A running Cluster Operator.
Procedure
Create a secret containing the information that will be mounted as an environment variable. For example:
apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: aws-creds type: Opaque data: awsAccessKey: QUtJQVhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFg= awsSecretAccessKey: Ylhsd1lYTnpkMjl5WkE=
Create or edit the Kafka Connect resource. Configure the
externalConfiguration
section of theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
custom resource to reference the secret. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... externalConfiguration: env: - name: AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID valueFrom: secretKeyRef: name: aws-creds key: awsAccessKey - name: AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY valueFrom: secretKeyRef: name: aws-creds key: awsSecretAccessKey
Apply the changes to your Kafka Connect deployment.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
The environment variables are now available for use when developing your connectors.
Additional resources
-
For more information about external configuration in Kafka Connect, see Section B.82, “
ExternalConfiguration
schema reference”.
3.2.13.3. Mounting Secrets as volumes
You can create an OpenShift Secret, mount it as a volume to Kafka Connect, and then use it to configure a Kafka Connect connector.
Prerequisites
- A running Cluster Operator.
Procedure
Create a secret containing a properties file that defines the configuration options for your connector configuration. For example:
apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: mysecret type: Opaque stringData: connector.properties: |- dbUsername: my-user dbPassword: my-password
Create or edit the Kafka Connect resource. Configure the
FileConfigProvider
in theconfig
section and theexternalConfiguration
section of theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
custom resource to reference the secret. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... config: config.providers: file config.providers.file.class: org.apache.kafka.common.config.provider.FileConfigProvider #... externalConfiguration: volumes: - name: connector-config secret: secretName: mysecret
Apply the changes to your Kafka Connect deployment.
Use
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
Use the values from the mounted properties file in your JSON payload with connector configuration. For example:
{ "name":"my-connector", "config":{ "connector.class":"MyDbConnector", "tasks.max":"3", "database": "my-postgresql:5432" "username":"${file:/opt/kafka/external-configuration/connector-config/connector.properties:dbUsername}", "password":"${file:/opt/kafka/external-configuration/connector-config/connector.properties:dbPassword}", # ... } }
Additional resources
-
For more information about external configuration in Kafka Connect, see Section B.82, “
ExternalConfiguration
schema reference”.
3.2.14. Enabling KafkaConnector
resources
To enable KafkaConnectors
for a Kafka Connect cluster, add the strimzi.io/use-connector-resources
annotation to the KafkaConnect
or KafkaConnectS2I
custom resource.
Prerequisites
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
KafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. Add thestrimzi.io/use-connector-resources
annotation. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect-cluster annotations: strimzi.io/use-connector-resources: "true" spec: # ...
Create or update the resource using
oc apply
:oc apply -f kafka-connect.yaml
3.2.15. List of resources created as part of Kafka Connect cluster
The following resources will created by the Cluster Operator in the OpenShift cluster:
- connect-cluster-name-connect
- Deployment which is in charge to create the Kafka Connect worker node pods.
- connect-cluster-name-connect-api
- Service which exposes the REST interface for managing the Kafka Connect cluster.
- connect-cluster-name-config
- ConfigMap which contains the Kafka Connect ancillary configuration and is mounted as a volume by the Kafka broker pods.
- connect-cluster-name-connect
- Pod Disruption Budget configured for the Kafka Connect worker nodes.
3.3. Kafka Connect cluster with Source2Image support
The full schema of the KafkaConnectS2I
resource is described in the Section B.88, “KafkaConnectS2I
schema reference”. All labels that are applied to the desired KafkaConnectS2I
resource will also be applied to the OpenShift resources making up the Kafka Connect cluster with Source2Image support. This provides a convenient mechanism for resources to be labeled as required.
3.3.1. Replicas
Kafka Connect clusters can consist of one or more nodes. The number of nodes is defined in the KafkaConnect
and KafkaConnectS2I
resources. Running a Kafka Connect cluster with multiple nodes can provide better availability and scalability. However, when running Kafka Connect on OpenShift it is not necessary to run multiple nodes of Kafka Connect for high availability. If a node where Kafka Connect is deployed to crashes, OpenShift will automatically reschedule the Kafka Connect pod to a different node. However, running Kafka Connect with multiple nodes can provide faster failover times, because the other nodes will be up and running already.
3.3.1.1. Configuring the number of nodes
The number of Kafka Connect nodes is configured using the replicas
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
.
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
replicas
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnectS2I metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... replicas: 3 # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.3.2. Bootstrap servers
A Kafka Connect cluster always works in combination with a Kafka cluster. A Kafka cluster is specified as a list of bootstrap servers. On OpenShift, the list must ideally contain the Kafka cluster bootstrap service named cluster-name-kafka-bootstrap
, and a port of 9092 for plain traffic or 9093 for encrypted traffic.
The list of bootstrap servers is configured in the bootstrapServers
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
. The servers must be defined as a comma-separated list specifying one or more Kafka brokers, or a service pointing to Kafka brokers specified as a hostname:_port_
pairs.
When using Kafka Connect with a Kafka cluster not managed by AMQ Streams, you can specify the bootstrap servers list according to the configuration of the cluster.
3.3.2.1. Configuring bootstrap servers
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
Procedure
Edit the
bootstrapServers
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... bootstrapServers: my-cluster-kafka-bootstrap:9092 # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.3.3. Connecting to Kafka brokers using TLS
By default, Kafka Connect tries to connect to Kafka brokers using a plain text connection. If you prefer to use TLS, additional configuration is required.
3.3.3.1. TLS support in Kafka Connect
TLS support is configured in the tls
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
. The tls
property contains a list of secrets with key names under which the certificates are stored. The certificates must be stored in X509 format.
An example showing TLS configuration with multiple certificates
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... tls: trustedCertificates: - secretName: my-secret certificate: ca.crt - secretName: my-other-secret certificate: certificate.crt # ...
When multiple certificates are stored in the same secret, it can be listed multiple times.
An example showing TLS configuration with multiple certificates from the same secret
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnectS2I metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... tls: trustedCertificates: - secretName: my-secret certificate: ca.crt - secretName: my-secret certificate: ca2.crt # ...
3.3.3.2. Configuring TLS in Kafka Connect
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
-
If they exist, the name of the
Secret
for the certificate used for TLS Server Authentication, and the key under which the certificate is stored in theSecret
Procedure
(Optional) If they do not already exist, prepare the TLS certificate used in authentication in a file and create a
Secret
.NoteThe secrets created by the Cluster Operator for Kafka cluster may be used directly.
This can be done using
oc create
:oc create secret generic my-secret --from-file=my-file.crt
Edit the
tls
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... tls: trustedCertificates: - secretName: my-cluster-cluster-cert certificate: ca.crt # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.3.4. Connecting to Kafka brokers with Authentication
By default, Kafka Connect will try to connect to Kafka brokers without authentication. Authentication is enabled through the KafkaConnect
and KafkaConnectS2I
resources.
3.3.4.1. Authentication support in Kafka Connect
Authentication is configured through the authentication
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
. The authentication
property specifies the type of the authentication mechanisms which should be used and additional configuration details depending on the mechanism. The supported authentication types are:
- TLS client authentication
- SASL-based authentication using the SCRAM-SHA-512 mechanism
- SASL-based authentication using the PLAIN mechanism
- OAuth 2.0 token based authentication
3.3.4.1.1. TLS Client Authentication
To use TLS client authentication, set the type
property to the value tls
. TLS client authentication uses a TLS certificate to authenticate. The certificate is specified in the certificateAndKey
property and is always loaded from an OpenShift secret. In the secret, the certificate must be stored in X509 format under two different keys: public and private.
TLS client authentication can be used only with TLS connections. For more details about TLS configuration in Kafka Connect see Section 3.3.3, “Connecting to Kafka brokers using TLS”.
An example TLS client authentication configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... authentication: type: tls certificateAndKey: secretName: my-secret certificate: public.crt key: private.key # ...
3.3.4.1.2. SASL based SCRAM-SHA-512 authentication
To configure Kafka Connect to use SASL-based SCRAM-SHA-512 authentication, set the type
property to scram-sha-512
. This authentication mechanism requires a username and password.
-
Specify the username in the
username
property. -
In the
passwordSecret
property, specify a link to aSecret
containing the password. ThesecretName
property contains the name of theSecret
and thepassword
property contains the name of the key under which the password is stored inside theSecret
.
Do not specify the actual password in the password
field.
An example SASL based SCRAM-SHA-512 client authentication configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... authentication: type: scram-sha-512 username: my-connect-user passwordSecret: secretName: my-connect-user password: my-connect-password-key # ...
3.3.4.1.3. SASL based PLAIN authentication
To configure Kafka Connect to use SASL-based PLAIN authentication, set the type
property to plain
. This authentication mechanism requires a username and password.
The SASL PLAIN mechanism will transfer the username and password across the network in cleartext. Only use SASL PLAIN authentication if TLS encryption is enabled.
-
Specify the username in the
username
property. -
In the
passwordSecret
property, specify a link to aSecret
containing the password. ThesecretName
property contains the name of such aSecret
and thepassword
property contains the name of the key under which the password is stored inside theSecret
.
Do not specify the actual password in the password
field.
An example showing SASL based PLAIN client authentication configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-cluster spec: # ... authentication: type: plain username: my-connect-user passwordSecret: secretName: my-connect-user password: my-connect-password-key # ...
3.3.4.2. Configuring TLS client authentication in Kafka Connect
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
-
If they exist, the name of the
Secret
with the public and private keys used for TLS Client Authentication, and the keys under which they are stored in theSecret
Procedure
(Optional) If they do not already exist, prepare the keys used for authentication in a file and create the
Secret
.NoteSecrets created by the User Operator may be used.
This can be done using
oc create
:oc create secret generic my-secret --from-file=my-public.crt --from-file=my-private.key
Edit the
authentication
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... authentication: type: tls certificateAndKey: secretName: my-secret certificate: my-public.crt key: my-private.key # ...
Create or update the resource.
This can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.3.4.3. Configuring SCRAM-SHA-512 authentication in Kafka Connect
Prerequisites
- An OpenShift cluster
- A running Cluster Operator
- Username of the user which should be used for authentication
-
If they exist, the name of the
Secret
with the password used for authentication and the key under which the password is stored in theSecret
Procedure
(Optional) If they do not already exist, prepare a file with the password used in authentication and create the
Secret
.NoteSecrets created by the User Operator may be used.
This can be done using
oc create
:echo -n '<password>' > <my-password.txt> oc create secret generic <my-secret> --from-file=<my-password.txt>
Edit the
authentication
property in theKafkaConnect
orKafkaConnectS2I
resource. For example:apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... authentication: type: scram-sha-512 username: _<my-username>_ passwordSecret: secretName: _<my-secret>_ password: _<my-password.txt>_ # ...
Create or update the resource.
On OpenShift this can be done using
oc apply
:oc apply -f your-file
3.3.5. Kafka Connect configuration
AMQ Streams allows you to customize the configuration of Apache Kafka Connect nodes by editing certain options listed in Apache Kafka documentation.
Configuration options that cannot be configured relate to:
- Kafka cluster bootstrap address
- Security (Encryption, Authentication, and Authorization)
- Listener / REST interface configuration
- Plugin path configuration
These options are automatically configured by AMQ Streams.
3.3.5.1. Kafka Connect configuration
Kafka Connect is configured using the config
property in KafkaConnect.spec
and KafkaConnectS2I.spec
. This property contains the Kafka Connect configuration options as keys. The values can be one of the following JSON types:
- String
- Number
- Boolean
You can specify and configure the options listed in the Apache Kafka documentation with the exception of those options that are managed directly by AMQ Streams. Specifically, configuration options with keys equal to or starting with one of the following strings are forbidden:
-
ssl.
-
sasl.
-
security.
-
listeners
-
plugin.path
-
rest.
-
bootstrap.servers
When a forbidden option is present in the config
property, it is ignored and a warning message is printed to the Custer Operator log file. All other options are passed to Kafka Connect.
The Cluster Operator does not validate keys or values in the config
object provided. When an invalid configuration is provided, the Kafka Connect cluster might not start or might become unstable. In this circumstance, fix the configuration in the KafkaConnect.spec.config
or KafkaConnectS2I.spec.config
object, then the Cluster Operator can roll out the new configuration to all Kafka Connect nodes.
Certain options have default values:
-
group.id
with default valueconnect-cluster
-
offset.storage.topic
with default valueconnect-cluster-offsets
-
config.storage.topic
with default valueconnect-cluster-configs
-
status.storage.topic
with default valueconnect-cluster-status
-
key.converter
with default valueorg.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter
-
value.converter
with default valueorg.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter
These options are automatically configured in case they are not present in the KafkaConnect.spec.config
or KafkaConnectS2I.spec.config
properties.
Example Kafka Connect configuration
apiVersion: kafka.strimzi.io/v1beta1 kind: KafkaConnect metadata: name: my-connect spec: # ... config: group.id: my-connect-cluster offset.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-offsets config.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-configs status.storage.topic: my-connect-cluster-status key.converter: org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter value.converter: org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter key.converter.schemas.enable: true value.converter.schemas.enable: true config.storage.replication.factor: 3 offset.storage.replication.factor: 3 status.storage.replication.factor: 3 # ...
3.3.5.2. Kafka Connect configuration for multiple instances
If you are running multiple instances of Kafka Connect, pay attention to the default configuration of the following properties:
# ... group.id: connect-cluster 1 offset.storage.topic: connect-cluster-offsets 2 config.storage.topic: connect-cluster-configs 3 status.storage.topic: connect-cluster-status 4 # ...