Interactively installing RHEL over the network

Procedure

1. Install the nfs-utils package:

   # dnf install nfs-utils

2. Copy the DVD ISO image to a directory on the NFS server.

3. Open the /etc/exports file using a text editor and add a line with the following syntax:

   /exported_directory/ clients

   • Replace /exported_directory/ with the full path to the directory with the ISO image.

   • Replace clients with one of the following:

     • The host name or IP address of the target system
     • The subnetwork that all target systems can use to access the ISO image
     • To allow any system with network access to the NFS server to use the ISO image, the asterisk sign (*)

     See the exports(5) man page for detailed information about the format of this field.

     For example, a basic configuration that makes the /rhel10-install/ directory available as read-only to all clients is:

     /rhel10-install *

4. Save the /etc/exports file and exit the text editor.

5. Start the nfs service:

   # systemctl start nfs-server.service

   If the service was running before you changed the /etc/exports file, reload the NFS server configuration:

   # systemctl reload nfs-server.service

   The ISO image is now accessible over NFS and ready to be used as an installation source.

   When configuring the installation source, use nfs: as the protocol, the server host name or IP address, the colon sign (:), and the directory holding the ISO image. For example, if the server host name is myserver.example.com and you have saved the ISO image in /rhel10-install/, specify nfs:myserver.example.com:/rhel-10-install/ as the installation source.

Procedure

1. Copy the DVD ISO image to the HTTP(S) server.

2. Create a suitable directory for mounting the DVD ISO image, for example:

   # mkdir /mnt/rhel10-install/

3. Mount the DVD ISO image to the directory:

   # mount -o loop,ro -t iso9660 /image_directory/image.iso /mnt/rhel10-install/

   Replace /image_directory/image.iso with the path to the DVD ISO image.

4. Copy the files from the mounted image to the HTTP(S) server root.

   # cp -r /mnt/rhel10-install/ /var/www/html/

   This command creates the /var/www/html/rhel10-install/ directory with the content of the image. Note that some other copying methods might skip the .treeinfo file which is required for a valid installation source. Entering the cp command for entire directories as shown in this procedure copies .treeinfo correctly.

5. Start the httpd service:

   # systemctl start httpd.service

   The installation tree is now accessible and ready to be used as the installation source.

   Note

   When configuring the installation source, use http:// or https:// as the protocol, the server host name or IP address, and the directory that contains the files from the ISO image, relative to the HTTP server root. For example, if you use HTTP, the server host name is myserver.example.com, and you have copied the files from the image to /var/www/html/rhel10-install/, specify http://myserver.example.com/rhel-10-install/ as the installation source.

Procedure

1. Open and edit the /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf configuration file in a text editor.

   1. Change the line anonymous_enable=NO to anonymous_enable=YES
   2. Change the line write_enable=YES to write_enable=NO.

   3. Add lines pasv_min_port=<min_port> and pasv_max_port=<max_port>. Replace <min_port> and <max_port> with the port number range used by the FTP server in passive mode, for example, 10021 and 10031.

      This step might be necessary in network environments featuring various firewall/NAT setups.

   4. Optional: Add custom changes to your configuration. For available options, see the vsftpd.conf(5) man page. This procedure assumes that default options are used.

      Warning

      If you configured SSL/TLS security in your vsftpd.conf file, ensure that you enable only the TLSv1 protocol, and disable SSLv2 and SSLv3. This is due to the POODLE SSL vulnerability (CVE-2014-3566). For more information, see the Red Hat Knowledgebase solution Resolution for POODLE SSLv3.0 vulnerability.

2. Configure the server firewall.

   1. Enable the firewall:

      # systemctl enable firewalld

   2. Start the firewall:

      # systemctl start firewalld

   3. Configure the firewall to allow the FTP port and port range from the previous step:

      # firewall-cmd --add-port min_port-max_port/tcp --permanent
      # firewall-cmd --add-service ftp --permanent

      Replace <min_port> and <max_port> with the port numbers you entered into the /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf configuration file.

   4. Reload the firewall to apply the new rules:

      # firewall-cmd --reload

3. Copy the DVD ISO image to the FTP server.

4. Create a suitable directory for mounting the DVD ISO image, for example:

   # mkdir /mnt/rhel10-install

5. Mount the DVD ISO image to the directory:

   # mount -o loop,ro -t iso9660 /image-directory/image.iso /mnt/rhel10-install

   Replace /image-directory/image.iso with the path to the DVD ISO image.

6. Copy the files from the mounted image to the FTP server root:

   # mkdir /var/ftp/rhel10-install
   # cp -r /mnt/rhel10-install/ /var/ftp/

   This command creates the /var/ftp/rhel10-install/ directory with the content of the image. Some copying methods can skip the .treeinfo file which is required for a valid installation source. Entering the cp command for whole directories as shown in this procedure will copy .treeinfo correctly.

7. Make sure that the correct SELinux context and access mode is set on the copied content:

   # restorecon -r /var/ftp/rhel10-install
   # find /var/ftp/rhel10-install -type f -exec chmod 444 {} \;
   # find /var/ftp/rhel10-install -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;

8. Start the vsftpd service:

   # systemctl start vsftpd.service

   If the service was running before you changed the /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf file, restart the service to load the edited file:

   # systemctl restart vsftpd.service

   Enable the vsftpd service to start during the boot process:

   # systemctl enable vsftpd

   The installation tree is now accessible and ready to be used as the installation source.

   When configuring the installation source, use ftp:// as the protocol, the server host name or IP address, and the directory in which you have stored the files from the ISO image, relative to the FTP server root. For example, if the server host name is myserver.example.com and you have copied the files from the image to /var/ftp/rhel10-install/, specify ftp://myserver.example.com/rhel-10-install/ as the installation source.

Procedure

1. Export the installation ISO image or the installation tree to an NFS, HTTPS, HTTP, or FTP server.
2. Configure the HTTP or TFTP server and DHCP server, and start the HTTP or TFTP service on the server.
3. Boot the client and start the installation.

Procedure

1. Install the HTTP server:

   # dnf install httpd

2. Create the /var/www/html/redhat/ directory:

   # mkdir -p /var/www/html/redhat/

3. Download the RHEL DVD ISO file. See All Red Hat Enterprise Linux Downloads.

4. Create a mount point for the ISO file:

   # mkdir -p /var/www/html/redhat/iso/

5. Mount the ISO file:

   # mount -o loop,ro -t iso9660 path-to-RHEL-DVD.iso /var/www/html/redhat/iso

6. Copy the boot loader, kernel, and initramfs from the mounted ISO file into your HTML directory:

   # cp -r /var/www/html/redhat/iso/images /var/www/html/redhat/
   # cp -r /var/www/html/redhat/iso/EFI /var/www/html/redhat/

7. Make the boot loader configuration editable:

   # chmod 644 /var/www/html/redhat/EFI/BOOT/grub.cfg

8. Edit the /var/www/html/redhat/EFI/BOOT/grub.cfg file and replace its content with the following:

   set default="1"
   
   function load_video {
     insmod efi_gop
     insmod efi_uga
     insmod video_bochs
     insmod video_cirrus
     insmod all_video
   }
   
   load_video
   set gfxpayload=keep
   insmod gzio
   insmod part_gpt
   insmod ext2
   
   set timeout=60
   # END /etc/grub.d/00_header #
   
   search --no-floppy --set=root -l 'RHEL-9-3-0-BaseOS-x86_64'
   
   # BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux #
   menuentry 'Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.3' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
       linuxefi ../../images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.repo=http://192.168.124.2/redhat/iso quiet
       initrdefi ../../images/pxeboot/initrd.img
   }
   menuentry 'Test this media & install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.3' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
       linuxefi ../../images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.repo=http://192.168.124.2/redhat/iso quiet
       initrdefi ../../images/pxeboot/initrd.img
   }
   submenu 'Troubleshooting -->' {
       menuentry 'Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.3 in text mode' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
      	 linuxefi ../../images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.repo=http://192.168.124.2/redhat/iso inst.text quiet
      	 initrdefi ../../images/pxeboot/initrd.img
       }
       menuentry 'Rescue a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
      	 linuxefi ../../images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.repo=http://192.168.124.2/redhat/iso inst.rescue quiet
      	 initrdefi ../../images/pxeboot/initrd.img
       }
   }

   In this file, replace the following strings:

   RHEL-9-3-0-BaseOS-x86_64 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.3

   Edit the version number to match the version of RHEL that you downloaded.

   192.168.124.2

   Replace with the IP address to your server.

9. Make the EFI boot file executable:

   # chmod 755 /var/www/html/redhat/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI

10. Open ports in the firewall to allow HTTP (80), DHCP (67, 68) and DHCPv6 (546, 547) traffic:

    # firewall-cmd --zone public \
                   --add-port={80/tcp,67/udp,68/udp,546/udp,547/udp}

    This command enables temporary access until the next server reboot.

11. Optional: To enable permanent access, add the --permanent option to the command.

12. Reload firewall rules:

    # firewall-cmd --reload

13. Start the HTTP server:

    # systemctl enable --now httpd

14. Make the html directory and its content readable and executable:

    # chmod -cR u=rwX,g=rX,o=rX /var/www/html

15. Restore the SELinux context of the html directory:

    # restorecon -FvvR /var/www/html

Procedure

1. Export the installation ISO image or the installation tree to an NFS, HTTPS, HTTP, or FTP server.
2. Configure the HTTP or TFTP server and DHCP server, and start the HTTP or TFTP service on the server.
3. Boot the client and start the installation.

Procedure

1. As root, install the following package.

   # dnf install tftp-server

2. Allow incoming connections to the tftp service in the firewall:

   # firewall-cmd --add-service=tftp

   This command enables temporary access until the next server reboot.

3. optional: To enable permanent access, add the --permanent option to the command.

   Depending on the location of the installation ISO file, you might have to allow incoming connections for HTTP or other services.

4. Access the pxelinux.0 file from the SYSLINUX package in the DVD ISO image file, where my_local_directory is the name of the directory that you create:

   # mount -t iso9660 /path_to_image/name_of_image.iso /mount_point -o loop,ro

   # cp -pr /mount_point/AppStream/Packages/syslinux-tftpboot-version-architecture.rpm /my_local_directory

   # umount /mount_point

5. Extract the package:

   # rpm2cpio syslinux-tftpboot-version-architecture.rpm | cpio -dimv

6. Create a pxelinux/ directory in tftpboot/ and copy all the files from the directory into the pxelinux/ directory:

   # mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux

   # cp /my_local_directory/tftpboot/* /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux

7. Create the directory pxelinux.cfg/ in the pxelinux/ directory:

   # mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg

8. Create a configuration file named default and add it to the pxelinux.cfg/ directory as shown in the following example:

   default vesamenu.c32
   prompt 1
   timeout 600
   
   display boot.msg
   
   label linux
     menu label ^Install system
     menu default
     kernel images/RHEL-10/vmlinuz
     append initrd=images/RHEL-10/initrd.img ip=dhcp inst.repo=http://192.168.124.2/RHEL-10/x86_64/iso-contents-root/
   label vesa
     menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
     kernel images/RHEL-10/vmlinuz
     append initrd=images/RHEL-10/initrd.img ip=dhcp nomodeset inst.repo=http://192.168.124.2/RHEL-10/x86_64/iso-contents-root/
   label rescue
     menu label ^Rescue installed system
     kernel images/RHEL-10/vmlinuz
     append initrd=images/RHEL-10/initrd.img inst.rescue
     inst.repo=http:///192.168.124.2/RHEL-8/x86_64/iso-contents-root/
   label local
     menu label Boot from ^local drive
     localboot 0xffff

   • The installation program cannot boot without its runtime image. Use the inst.stage2 boot option to specify location of the image. Alternatively, you can use the inst.repo= option to specify the image as well as the installation source.
   • The installation source location used with inst.repo must contain a valid .treeinfo file.
   • When you select the RHEL10 installation DVD as the installation source, the .treeinfo file points to the BaseOS and the AppStream repositories. You can use a single inst.repo option to load both repositories.

9. Create a subdirectory to store the boot image files in the /var/lib/tftpboot/ directory, and copy the boot image files to the directory. In this example, the directory is /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/images/RHEL-10/:

   # mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/images/RHEL-10/
   # cp /path_to_x86_64_images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/images/RHEL-10/

10. Start and enable the tftp.socket service:

    # systemctl enable --now tftp.socket

    The PXE boot server is now ready to serve PXE clients. You can start the client, which is the system to which you are installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux, select PXE Boot when prompted to specify a boot source, and start the network installation.

Procedure

1. As root, install the following package.

   # dnf install tftp-server

2. Allow incoming connections to the tftp service in the firewall:

   # firewall-cmd --add-service=tftp

   This command enables temporary access until the next server reboot.

3. Optional: To enable permanent access, add the --permanent option to the command.

   Depending on the location of the installation ISO file, you might have to allow incoming connections for HTTP or other services.

4. Access the EFI boot image files from the DVD ISO image:

   # mount -t iso9660 /path_to_image/name_of_image.iso /mount_point -o loop,ro

5. Copy the EFI boot images from the DVD ISO image:

   # mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/redhat
   # cp -r /mount_point/EFI /var/lib/tftpboot/redhat/
   # umount /mount_point

6. Fix the permissions of the copied files:

   # chmod -R 755 /var/lib/tftpboot/redhat/

7. Replace the content of /var/lib/tftpboot/redhat/EFI/BOOT/grub.cfg with the following example:

   set timeout=60
   menuentry 'RHEL 10' {
     linux images/RHEL-10/vmlinuz ip=dhcp inst.repo=http://192.168.124.2/RHEL-10/x86_64/iso-contents-root/
     initrd images/RHEL-10/initrd.img
   }

   • The installation program cannot boot without its runtime image. Use the inst.stage2 boot option to specify location of the image. Alternatively, you can use the inst.repo= option to specify the image as well as the installation source.
   • The installation source location used with inst.repo must contain a valid .treeinfo file.
   • When you select the RHEL10 installation DVD as the installation source, the .treeinfo file points to the BaseOS and the AppStream repositories. You can use a single inst.repo option to load both repositories.

8. Create a subdirectory to store the boot image files in the /var/lib/tftpboot/ directory, and copy the boot image files to the directory. In this example, the directory is /var/lib/tftpboot/images/RHEL-10/:

   # mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/images/RHEL-10/
   # cp /path_to_x86_64_images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img}/var/lib/tftpboot/images/RHEL-10/

9. Start and enable the tftp.socket service:

   # systemctl enable --now tftp.socket

   The PXE boot server is now ready to serve PXE clients. You can start the client, which is the system to which you are installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux, select PXE Boot when prompted to specify a boot source, and start the network installation.

Procedure

1. Begin to enroll the Red Hat Beta public key in the system’s Machine Owner Key (MOK) list:

   # mokutil --import /usr/share/doc/kernel-keys/$(uname -r)/kernel-signing-ca.cer

   $(uname -r) is replaced by the kernel version - for example, 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64.

2. Enter a password when prompted.
3. Reboot the system and press any key to continue the startup. The Shim UEFI key management utility starts during the system startup.
4. Select Enroll MOK.
5. Select Continue.
6. Select Yes and enter the password. The key is imported into the system’s firmware.
7. Select Reboot.
8. Enable Secure Boot on the system.

Procedure

1. Begin to remove the Red Hat Beta public key from the system’s Machine Owner Key (MOK) list:

   # mokutil --reset

2. Enter a password when prompted.
3. Reboot the system and press any key to continue the startup. The Shim UEFI key management utility starts during the system startup.
4. Select Reset MOK.
5. Select Continue.
6. Select Yes and enter the password that you had specified in step 2. The key is removed from the system’s firmware.
7. Select Reboot.

1. Download the RHEL installation ISO.
2. Prepare a bootable physical installation medium based on your installation method.

3. Verify that the Power System is added to the HMC.

   For more information, see add or remove connections to HMC in the IBM documentation.

4. Configure VIOS and LPAR on the managed system or configure full system LPAR based on the requirements.
5. Log in to the HMC console.
6. Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

1. Download the RHEL installation ISO.
2. Prepare a bootable physical installation medium based on your installation method.
3. Prepare the machine for RHEL installation.
4. Boot the installer kernel.
5. Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
6. Optional: Install IBM Tools Repository to use Service and Productivity tools, IBM AdvanceD Toolchain for Linux on Power, and IBM SDK for PowerLinux.

1. Download the RHEL installation ISO.
2. Prepare a bootable physical installation medium based on your installation method.
3. Prepare your machine for the RHEL installation.
4. Boot the installer kernel.
5. Start a RDP session. For more information, see Starting a remote installation by using RDP
6. Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
7. Optional: Install IBM Tools Repository to use additional software. For more information, see IBM Linux on Power tools repository.

Procedure

1. Verify that the network cable is attached. The link indicator light on the network socket should be lit, even if the computer is not switched on.

2. Turn on the system.

   Depending on your hardware, some network setup and diagnostic information can be displayed before your system connects to an HTTP boot server. When connected, a menu is displayed according to the HTTP boot server configuration.

3. Press the number key that corresponds to the option that you require.

   Note

   In some instances, boot options are not displayed. If this occurs, press the Enter key on your keyboard or wait until the boot window opens.

   The Red Hat Enterprise Linux boot window opens and displays information about a variety of available boot options.

4. Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to select the boot option that you require, and press Enter to select the boot option. The Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux window opens and you can install Red Hat Enterprise Linux using the graphical user interface.

   The installation program automatically begins if no action is performed in the boot window within 60 seconds.

5. Optional: Edit the available boot options.

   Press E to enter edit mode. Change the predefined command line to add or remove boot options. Press Enter to confirm your choice.

Procedure

1. Verify that the network cable is attached. The link indicator light on the network socket should be lit, even if the computer is not switched on.

2. Switch on the system.

   Depending on your hardware, some network setup and diagnostic information can be displayed before your system connects to a PXE server. When connected, a menu is displayed according to the PXE server configuration.

3. Press the number key that corresponds to the option that you require.

   Note

   In some instances, boot options are not displayed. If this occurs, press the Enter key on your keyboard or wait until the boot window opens.

   The Red Hat Enterprise Linux boot window opens and displays information about a variety of available boot options.

4. Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to select the boot option that you require, and press Enter to select the boot option. The Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux window opens and you can install Red Hat Enterprise Linux by using the graphical user interface.

   The installation program automatically begins if no action is performed in the boot window within 60 seconds.

5. Optional: Edit the available boot options:

   UEFI-based systems

   Press E to enter edit mode. Change the predefined command line to add or remove boot options. Press Enter to confirm your choice.

   BIOS-based systems

   Press the Tab key on your keyboard to enter edit mode. Change the predefined command line to add or remove boot options. Press Enter to confirm your choice.

Procedure

1. From the boot menu window, select the required option and press e or Tab.

2. Do one of the following:

   1. On BIOS systems, move the cursor to the end of the kernel command line and add the parameters as required. For example, to enable the cryptographic module self-checks mandated by the Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140, add fips=1:

      > vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=RHEL-1-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64 rd.live.check quiet fips=1

   2. On UEFI systems, move the cursor to the end of the kernel command line and add the parameters as required. For example, to enable the cryptographic module self-checks mandated by the Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140, add fips=1:

      linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=RHEL-1-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64 rd.live.\
      check quiet fips=1

3. When you finish editing, press Ctrl+X to start the installation using the specified options.

Procedure

1. From the RHEL boot menu on the target system, press the e key on your keyboard to edit the boot options.

2. Append the inst.rdp option to the end of the command line.

   You can also use the inst.rdp.username and inst.rdp.password boot options to set the RDP credentials. For example,

   inst.rdp inst.rdp.username=my_username inst.rdp.password=my_password

3. Press CTRL+X or F10 to start the installation. The target system initializes the installation program and starts the necessary services. When the system is ready, a message is displayed providing the IP address of the system.
4. Provide username and password details, if not provided earlier by using the boot options.
5. Open the RDP viewer on the remote system.
6. Enter the IP address into the RDP server field.
7. Click Connect.

8. Enter the RDP username and password and click OK.

   A new window opens with the RDP connection established, displaying the RHEL installation menu. From this window, you can install RHEL on the target system by using the graphical user interface.

1. On the command prompt, run the following command:

   $ssh install@_my-z-system-domain-name_

   or

   $ssh install@_my-z-system-IP-address_

2. Depending on whether or not have you configured the inst.rdp parameter, the ssh session displays the following output:

   1. When just the inst.rdp parameter is configured:

      Starting installer, one moment...
      RDP Username and Password
      Please provide RDP user name & password.
      You will have to type the password twice.

      After entering the username and password, the network address for RDP client access will be shown:

   2. When just the inst.rdp, inst.rdp.username and inst.rdp.password parameters are configured:

      The network address is shown:

      GNOME remote desktop RDP IP: _system-ip-address_
      GNOME remote desktop RDP host name: _system-host-name_

   3. When inst.rdp parameter is not configured:

      Starting installer, one moment...
      Graphical installation is not available. Starting text mode.
      =============
      Text mode provides a limited set of installation options.
      It does not offer custom partitioning for full control
      over the disk layout. Would you like to use remote graphical access via the RDP protocol instead?
      1) Use graphical mode via Remote Desktop Protocol
      2) Use text mode
      Please make your choice from above ['q' to quit | 'c' to continue | 'r' to refresh]:

      If you have configured the inst.rdp parameter, proceed to step 4.

3. Enter 1 to start RDP.
4. Enter RDP username and password, if you have not set these values previously via inst.rdp.username and inst.rdp.password boot options.
5. Use an RDP client to connect to the provided network address.

Procedure

1. After you select Install Red hat Enterprise Linux option from the boot menu, the Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Screen appears.

2. From the left-hand pane of the Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux window, select a language. Alternatively, search the preferred language by using the text box.

   Note

   A language is pre-selected by default. If network access is configured, that is, if you booted from a network server instead of local media, the pre-selected language is determined by the automatic location detection feature of the GeoIP module. If you use the inst.lang= option on the boot command line or in your PXE server configuration, then the language that you define with the boot option is selected.

3. From the right-hand pane of the Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux window, select a location specific to your region.
4. Click Continue to proceed to the graphical installations window.

5. If you are installing a pre-release version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, a warning message is displayed about the pre-release status of the installation media.

   1. To continue with the installation, click I want to proceed, or
   2. To quit the installation and reboot the system, click I want to exit.

Procedure

1. From the Installation Summary window, click Software Selection. The Software Selection window opens.
2. From the Base Environment pane, select a base environment. You can select only one base environment, for example, Server with GUI (default), Server, Minimal Install, Workstation, Custom Operating System, Virtualization Host. By default, the Server with GUI base environment is selected.

3. Optional: For installations on ARM based systems, select desired Page size from Kernel Options.

   By default, it selects Kernel with a 4k page size.

4. From the Additional Software for Selected Environment pane, select one or more options.
5. Click Done to apply the settings and return to graphical installations.

Procedure

1. From the Installation Summary window, click Keyboard.
2. Click + to open the Add a Keyboard Layout window to change to a different layout.
3. Select a layout by browsing the list or use the Search field.
4. Select the required layout and click Add. The new layout appears under the default layout.
5. Click Options to optionally configure a keyboard switch that you can use to cycle between available layouts. The Layout Switching Options window opens.
6. To configure key combinations for switching, select one or more key combinations and click OK to confirm your selection.
7. Optional: When you select a layout, click the Keyboard button to open a new dialog box displaying a visual representation of the selected layout.
8. Click Done to apply the settings and return to graphical installations.

Procedure

1. From the Installation Summary window, click Language Support. The Language Support window opens. The left pane lists the available language groups. If at least one language from a group is configured, a check mark is displayed and the supported language is highlighted.
2. From the left pane, click a group to select additional languages, and from the right pane, select regional options. Repeat this process for all the languages that you want to configure.
3. Optional: Search the language group by typing in the text box, if required.
4. Click Done to apply the settings and return to graphical installations.

Procedure

1. From the Installation Summary window, click Time & Date. The Time & Date window opens.
2. Under Time zone, select the Region by using the drop-down menu. Select Etc as your region to configure a time zone relative to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) without setting your location to a specific region.
3. From the City drop-down menu, select the city, or the city closest to your location in the same time zone.
4. The Automatic date and time option is selected by default. It uses network time synchronization by using the Network Time Protocol (NTP). NTP keeps your system time correct as long as the system can access the internet. By default, one NTP pool is configured.
5. Optional: Use the Configure NTP button to add a new NTP, or disable or remove the default options.
6. Select Manual date and time option to set date and time manually by using the controls displayed on the screen.
7. Click Done to apply the settings and return to graphical installations.

Procedure

1. From the Installation Summary screen, under Software, click Connect to Red Hat.

2. Select Account or Activation Key.

   1. If you select Account, enter your Red Hat Customer Portal username and password details.

   2. If you select Activation Key, enter your organization ID and activation key.

      You can enter more than one activation key, separated by a comma, as long as the activation keys are registered to your subscription.

3. Select the Set System Purpose check box. Setting system purpose values are important for accurate reporting of consumption in the subscription services.
4. Select the required Role, SLA, and Usage from the corresponding drop-down lists.
5. The Connect to Red Hat Insights check box is enabled by default. Clear the check box if you do not want to connect to Red Hat Insights.

6. Optional: Expand Options.

   1. Select the Use HTTP proxy check box if your network environment only allows external Internet access or access to content servers through an HTTP proxy. Clear the Use HTTP proxy check box if an HTTP proxy is not used.

7. Click Register to register the system. When the system is successfully registered and subscriptions are attached, the Connect to Red Hat window displays the attached subscription details.

   Depending on the amount of subscriptions, the registration and attachment process might take up to a minute to complete.

8. Click Done to return to the Installation Summary window.

   A Registered message is displayed under Connect to Red Hat.

Procedure

1. From the Installation Summary window, click Installation Source. The Installation Source window opens.

   The Auto-detected installation media option is selected by default if you started the installation program from media containing an installation source, for example, a DVD.

2. Optional: Select the Red Hat CDN option to register your system, attach RHEL subscriptions, and install RHEL from the Red Hat Content Delivery Network (CDN).

3. Optional: Select the On the network option to download and install packages from a network location instead of local media. This option is available only when a network connection is active. See Configuring network and host name options for information about how to configure network connections in the GUI.

   1. Select the On the network drop-down menu to specify the protocol for downloading packages. This setting depends on the server that you want to use.
   2. Type the server address (without the protocol) into the address field. If you choose NFS, a second input field opens where you can specify custom NFS mount options. This field accepts options listed in the nfs(5) man page on your system.

   3. When selecting an NFS installation source, specify the address with a colon (:) character separating the host name from the path. For example, server.example.com:/path/to/directory.

      The following steps are optional and are only required if you use a proxy for network access.

   4. Click Proxy setup to configure a proxy for an HTTP or HTTPS source.
   5. Select the Enable HTTP proxy check box and type the URL into the Proxy Host field.
   6. Select the Use Authentication check box if the proxy server requires authentication.
   7. Type in your user name and password.
   8. Click OK to finish the configuration and exit the Proxy Setup…​ dialog box.
4. Optional: If your HTTP or HTTPS URL refers to a repository mirror, select the required option from the URL type drop-down list. All environments and additional software packages are available for selection when you finish configuring the sources.
5. Click Done to apply the settings and return to the Installation Summary window.

Procedure

1. From the Installation Summary window, click Kdump. The Kdump window opens.
2. Select the Enable kdump check box.
3. Select either the Automatic or Manual memory reservation setting.
4. If you select Manual, enter the amount of memory (in megabytes) that you want to reserve in the Memory to be reserved field using the + and - buttons. The Usable System Memory readout below the reservation input field shows how much memory is accessible to your main system after reserving the amount of RAM that you select.
5. Click Done to apply the settings and return to graphical installations.

Procedure

1. From the Installation Summary screen, under Software, click Connect to Red Hat.
2. Authenticate your Red Hat account using the Account or Activation Key option.

3. Optional: In the Set System Purpose field select the Role, SLA, and Usage attribute that you want to set from the drop-down menu.

   At this point, your Red Hat Enterprise Linux system has been successfully registered.

Procedure

1. Open a terminal window as a root user.

2. Register your Red Hat Enterprise Linux system by using the activation key:

   # subscription-manager register --activationkey=<activation_key_name> --org=<organization_ID>

   When the system is successfully registered, an output similar to the following is displayed:

   The system has been registered with id:
   62edc0f8-855b-4184-b1b8-72a9dc793b96