Developing Web Services Applications

You can use the javax.ws.rs.core.Application class to create a subclass that declares those providers and web resources. This class is provided by the RESTEasy libraries included with JBoss EAP.

To configure a resource or provider using javax.ws.rs.core.Application, simply create a class that extends it and add an @ApplicationPath annotation.

import javax.ws.rs.ApplicationPath;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Application;

@ApplicationPath("/root-path")
public class MyApplication extends Application
{
}

import javax.ws.rs.ApplicationPath;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Application;

@ApplicationPath("/root-path")
public class MyApplication extends Application
{
}

Alternatively, if you do not want to create a class that extends javax.ws.rs.core.Application, you can add the following to your web.xml file.

<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>javax.ws.rs.core.Application</servlet-name>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>javax.ws.rs.core.Application</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/root-path/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  ...
</web-app>

<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>javax.ws.rs.core.Application</servlet-name>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>javax.ws.rs.core.Application</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/root-path/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  ...
</web-app>

When subclassing javax.ws.rs.core.Application you can choose to provide a custom implementation for any of the existing methods. The getClasses and getSingletons methods return a collection of classes or singletons that must be included in the published JAX-RS application.

JAX-RS 2.0 introduces a new client API to send HTTP requests to remote RESTful web services. It is a fluent request-building API with 3 main classes:

The Client interface is a builder of WebTarget instances. The WebTarget represents a distinct URL or URL template to build subresource WebTargets or invoke requests on.

There are two ways to create a client: the standard way, or using the ResteasyClientBuilder class. The advantage of using the ResteasyClientBuilder class is that it provides a few more helper methods to configure your client.

Using the Standard Way to Create a Client

The following example shows one of the standard ways to create a client:

Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();

Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();

Alternatively, you can use another standard way to create a client as shown in the example below:

Client client = ClientBuilder.newBuilder().build();
WebTarget target = client.target("http://foo.com/resource");
Response response = target.request().get();
String value = response.readEntity(String.class);
response.close();  // You should close connections!

Client client = ClientBuilder.newBuilder().build();
WebTarget target = client.target("http://foo.com/resource");
Response response = target.request().get();
String value = response.readEntity(String.class);
response.close();  // You should close connections!

Using the ResteasyClientBuilder Class to Create a Client

ResteasyClient client = new ResteasyClientBuilder().build();
ResteasyWebTarget target = client.target("http://foo.com/resource");

ResteasyClient client = new ResteasyClientBuilder().build();
ResteasyWebTarget target = client.target("http://foo.com/resource");

RESTEasy automatically loads a set of default providers that includes all classes listed in the META-INF/services/javax.ws.rs.ext.Providers file. Additionally, you can manually register other providers, filters, and interceptors through the configuration object provided by the method call Client.configuration(). Configuration also lets you set configuration properties that might be needed.

Each WebTarget has a configuration instance that inherits the components and properties registered with the parent instance. This lets you set specific configuration options for each target resource, for example, the username and password.

Using RESTEasy Client Classes

You must add the following dependency for users of the Maven project:

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>
	<artifactId>resteasy-client</artifactId>
	<version>VERSION_IN_EAP</version>
 </dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>
	<artifactId>resteasy-client</artifactId>
	<version>VERSION_IN_EAP</version>
 </dependency>

See the jaxrs-client and resteasy-jaxrs-client quickstarts that ship with JBoss EAP for working examples that use the RESTEasy client classes.

Client-side Filters

The client side has two types of filters:

// execute request filters
for (ClientRequestFilter filter : requestFilters) {
	filter.filter(requestContext);
	if (isAborted(requestContext)) {
    return requestContext.getAbortedResponseObject();
  }
}

// send request over the wire
response = sendRequest(request);

// execute response filters
for (ClientResponseFilter filter : responseFilters) {
	filter.filter(requestContext, responseContext);
}

// execute request filters
for (ClientRequestFilter filter : requestFilters) {
	filter.filter(requestContext);
	if (isAborted(requestContext)) {
    return requestContext.getAbortedResponseObject();
  }
}

// send request over the wire
response = sendRequest(request);

// execute response filters
for (ClientResponseFilter filter : responseFilters) {
	filter.filter(requestContext, responseContext);
}

Register Client-side Filters to the Client Request

The following example shows how to register the client-side filters to the client request:

client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
WebTarget base = client.target(generateURL("/") + "get");
base.register(ClientExceptionsCustomClientResponseFilter.class).request("text/plain").get();

client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
WebTarget base = client.target(generateURL("/") + "get");
base.register(ClientExceptionsCustomClientResponseFilter.class).request("text/plain").get();

Client-side Cache

RESTEasy has the ability to set up a client-side cache. This cache looks for cache-control headers sent back with a server response. If the cache-control headers specify that the client is allowed to cache the response, RESTEasy caches it within the local memory.

ResteasyWebTarget target = client.target(generateBaseUrl());
target.register(BrowserCacheFeature.class);

ResteasyWebTarget target = client.target(generateBaseUrl());
target.register(BrowserCacheFeature.class);

Chunked Encoding Support

RESTEasy provides the client API the ability to specify that requests should be sent in a chunked transfer mode. There are two ways of specifying the chunked transfer mode, as shown below.

Network communication between the client and server is handled by default in RESTEasy. It uses the HttpClient from the Apache HttpComponents project. The interface between the RESTEasy client framework and the network is defined by the ClientHttpEngine interface.

RESTEasy ships with four implementations of this interface. The default implementation is ApacheHttpClient43Engine. This implementation uses Apache 4.3.

ApacheHttpClient4Engine is an implementation that uses the versions earlier than Apache 4.3. This class provides backward compatibility. RESTEasy automatically selects one of these two ClientHttpEngine implementations based on the detection of the Apache version. InMemoryClientEngine is an implementation that dispatches requests to a server in the same JVM, and URLConnectionEngine is an implementation that uses java.net.HttpURLConnection.

A client executor can be passed to a specific ClientRequest:

ResteasyClient client = new
ResteasyClientBuilder().httpEngine(engine).build();

ResteasyClient client = new
ResteasyClientBuilder().httpEngine(engine).build();

RESTEasy and HttpClient make the default decisions to use the client framework without referencing HttpClient. However, for some applications it might be necessary to drill down into the HttpClient details. ApacheHttpClient43Engine and ApacheHttpClient4Engine can be supplied with an instance of org.apache.http.client.HttpClient and org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext, which can carry additional configuration details into the HttpClient layer. For example, authentication can be configured as follows:

// Configure HttpClient to authenticate preemptively
// by prepopulating the authentication data cache.

// 1. Create AuthCache instance
AuthCache authCache = new BasicAuthCache();

// 2. Generate BASIC scheme object and add it to the local auth cache
AuthScheme basicAuth = new BasicScheme();
authCache.put(new HttpHost("sippycups.bluemonkeydiamond.com"), basicAuth);

// 3. Add AuthCache to the execution context
BasicHttpContext localContext = new BasicHttpContext();
localContext.setAttribute(ClientContext.AUTH_CACHE, authCache);

// 4. Create client executor and proxy
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
ApacheHttpClient4Engine engine = new ApacheHttpClient4Engine(httpClient, localContext);
ResteasyClient client = new ResteasyClientBuilder().httpEngine(engine).build();

// Configure HttpClient to authenticate preemptively
// by prepopulating the authentication data cache.

// 1. Create AuthCache instance
AuthCache authCache = new BasicAuthCache();

// 2. Generate BASIC scheme object and add it to the local auth cache
AuthScheme basicAuth = new BasicScheme();
authCache.put(new HttpHost("sippycups.bluemonkeydiamond.com"), basicAuth);

// 3. Add AuthCache to the execution context
BasicHttpContext localContext = new BasicHttpContext();
localContext.setAttribute(ClientContext.AUTH_CACHE, authCache);

// 4. Create client executor and proxy
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
ApacheHttpClient4Engine engine = new ApacheHttpClient4Engine(httpClient, localContext);
ResteasyClient client = new ResteasyClientBuilder().httpEngine(engine).build();

HttpContextProvider is an interface provided by RESTEasy, using which you can supply a custom HttpContext to the ApacheHttpClient43Engine and ApacheHttpClient4Engine implementations.

RESTEasy releases the connection without notification. The only counter example is the case in which the response is an instance of InputStream, which must be closed explicitly.

On the other hand, if the result of an invocation is an instance of Response, the Response.close() method must be used to release the connection.

WebTarget target = client.target("http://localhost:8081/customer/123");
Response response = target.request().get();
System.out.println(response.getStatus());
response.close();

WebTarget target = client.target("http://localhost:8081/customer/123");
Response response = target.request().get();
System.out.println(response.getStatus());
response.close();

You may execute this in a try-finally block. Releasing a connection makes it available for another use. It does not normally close the socket.

ApacheHttpClient4Engine.finalize() closes any open sockets, if it created the HttpClient that it has been using. It is not safe to rely on JDK to call finalize(). If an HttpClient is passed to the ApacheHttpClient4Executor, the user must close the connections, as shown below:

HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
ApacheHttpClient4Engine executor = new ApacheHttpClient4Engine(httpClient);
...
httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();

HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
ApacheHttpClient4Engine executor = new ApacheHttpClient4Engine(httpClient);
...
httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();

Finally, if the javax.ws.rs.client.Client class has created the engine automatically, call Client.close(). This call cleans up any socket connections.

Asynchronous request processing allows you to process a single HTTP request using non-blocking input and output and, if required, in separate threads.

Consider an AJAX chat client in which you want to push and pull from both the client and the server. This scenario has the client blocking for a long time on the server’s socket, waiting for a new message. In case of synchronous HTTP processing, where the server is blocking on incoming and outgoing input and output, you have one separate thread consumed per client connection. This model of request processing consumes a lot of memory and valuable thread resources.

Asynchronous processing separates the connection accepting and the request processing operations. It allocates two different threads: one to accept the client connection; the other to handle heavy, time-consuming operations. In this model, the container works as follows:

The result is sent back to the client by the worker thread. Hence, the client’s connection remains open, thereby improving the server’s throughput and scalability.

import javax.ws.rs.container.Suspended;
import javax.ws.rs.container.AsyncResponse;

@Path("/")
public class SimpleResource {
   @GET
   @Path("basic")
   @Produces("text/plain")
   public void getBasic(@Suspended final AsyncResponse response) throws Exception {
      Thread t = new Thread() {
         @Override
         public void run() {
            try {
               Response jaxrs = Response.ok("basic").type(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).build();
               response.resume(jaxrs);
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
      };
      t.start();
   }
}

import javax.ws.rs.container.Suspended;
import javax.ws.rs.container.AsyncResponse;

@Path("/")
public class SimpleResource {
   @GET
   @Path("basic")
   @Produces("text/plain")
   public void getBasic(@Suspended final AsyncResponse response) throws Exception {
      Thread t = new Thread() {
         @Override
         public void run() {
            try {
               Response jaxrs = Response.ok("basic").type(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).build();
               response.resume(jaxrs);
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
      };
      t.start();
   }
}

import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import javax.ws.rs.client.Client;
...

@Test
public void AsyncGetTest() throws Exception {
    Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
    Future<String> future = client.target(generateURL("/test")).request().async().get(String.class);
    String entity = future.get();
    Assert.assertEquals("get", entity);
}

import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import javax.ws.rs.client.Client;
...

@Test
public void AsyncGetTest() throws Exception {
    Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
    Future<String> future = client.target(generateURL("/test")).request().async().get(String.class);
    String entity = future.get();
    Assert.assertEquals("get", entity);
}

import javax.ws.rs.client.InvocationCallback;
...

@Test
public void AsyncCallbackGetTest() throws Exception {
    Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
	final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        Future<Response> future = client.target(generateURL("/test")).request().async().get(new InvocationCallback<Response>() {
         	@Override
                public void completed(Response response) {
                    String entity = response.readEntity(String.class);
                    Assert.assertEquals("get", entity);
                    latch.countDown();
                }

                @Override
                public void failed(Throwable error) {
                }
            });
            Response res = future.get();
            Assert.assertEquals(HttpResponseCodes.SC_OK, res.getStatus());
            Assert.assertTrue("Asynchronous invocation didn't use custom implemented Invocation callback", latch.await(5, imeUnit.SECONDS));
}

import javax.ws.rs.client.InvocationCallback;
...

@Test
public void AsyncCallbackGetTest() throws Exception {
    Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
	final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        Future<Response> future = client.target(generateURL("/test")).request().async().get(new InvocationCallback<Response>() {
         	@Override
                public void completed(Response response) {
                    String entity = response.readEntity(String.class);
                    Assert.assertEquals("get", entity);
                    latch.countDown();
                }

                @Override
                public void failed(Throwable error) {
                }
            });
            Response res = future.get();
            Assert.assertEquals(HttpResponseCodes.SC_OK, res.getStatus());
            Assert.assertTrue("Asynchronous invocation didn't use custom implemented Invocation callback", latch.await(5, imeUnit.SECONDS));
}

Some clients, such as browsers, cannot use the Accept and Accept-Language headers to negotiate the representation media type or language. RESTEasy can map file name suffixes to media types and languages to deal with this issue.

To map media types to file extensions using the web.xml file, you need to add a resteasy.media.type.mappings context param and the list of mappings as the param-value. The list is comma separated and uses colons (:) to delimit the file extension and media type.

<context-param>
    <param-name>resteasy.media.type.mappings</param-name>
    <param-value>html : text/html, json : application/json, xml : application/xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<context-param>
    <param-name>resteasy.media.type.mappings</param-name>
    <param-value>html : text/html, json : application/json, xml : application/xml</param-value>
</context-param>

Some clients, such as browsers, cannot use the Accept and Accept-Language headers to negotiate the representation media type or language. RESTEasy can map file name suffixes to media types and languages to deal with this issue. Follow these steps to map languages to file extensions, in the web.xml file.

To map media types to file extensions using the web.xml file, you need to add a resteasy.language.mappings context param and the list of mappings as the param-value. The list is comma separated and uses colons (:) to delimit the file extension and language type.

<context-param>
    <param-name>resteasy.language.mappings</param-name>
    <param-value> en : en-US, es : es, fr : fr</param-name>
</context-param>

<context-param>
    <param-name>resteasy.language.mappings</param-name>
    <param-value> en : en-US, es : es, fr : fr</param-name>
</context-param>

RESTEasy can automatically marshal and unmarshal a few different message bodies.

The JAX-RS specification allows you to plug in your own request/response body readers and writers. To do this, you annotate a class with @Provider and specify the @Produces types for a writer and @Consumes types for a reader. You must also implement a MessageBodyReader/Writer interface.

The RESTEasy ServletContextLoader automatically scans the WEB-INF/lib and classes directories for classes annotated with @Provider, or you can manually configure them in the web.xml file.

javax.ws.rs.ext.Providers is a simple injectable interface that allows you to look up MessageBodyReaders, Writers, ContextResolvers, and ExceptionMappers. It is very useful for implementing multipart providers and content types that embed other random content types.

public interface Providers {
  <T> MessageBodyReader<T> getMessageBodyReader(Class<T> type, Type genericType, Annotation annotations[], MediaType mediaType);
  <T> MessageBodyWriter<T> getMessageBodyWriter(Class<T> type, Type genericType, Annotation annotations[], MediaType mediaType);
  <T extends="" throwable=""> ExceptionMapper<T> getExceptionMapper(Class<T> type);
  <T> ContextResolver<T> getContextResolver(Class<T> contextType, MediaType mediaType);
}

public interface Providers {
  <T> MessageBodyReader<T> getMessageBodyReader(Class<T> type, Type genericType, Annotation annotations[], MediaType mediaType);
  <T> MessageBodyWriter<T> getMessageBodyWriter(Class<T> type, Type genericType, Annotation annotations[], MediaType mediaType);
  <T extends="" throwable=""> ExceptionMapper<T> getExceptionMapper(Class<T> type);
  <T> ContextResolver<T> getContextResolver(Class<T> contextType, MediaType mediaType);
}

A Providers instance is injectable into MessageBodyReader or Writers:

@Provider
@Consumes("multipart/fixed")
public class MultipartProvider implements MessageBodyReader {

  private @Context Providers providers;
  ...
}

@Provider
@Consumes("multipart/fixed")
public class MultipartProvider implements MessageBodyReader {

  private @Context Providers providers;
  ...
}

XML document parsers are subject to a form of attack known as the XXE (XML eXternal Entity) attack, in which expanding an external entity causes an unsafe file to be loaded. For example, the following document could cause the /etc/passwd file to be loaded.

<!--?xml version="1.0"?-->
<!DOCTYPE foo
[<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd">]>
<search>
 <user>bill</user>
 <file>&xxe;<file>
</search>

<!--?xml version="1.0"?-->
<!DOCTYPE foo
[<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd">]>
<search>
 <user>bill</user>
 <file>&xxe;<file>
</search>

By default, the RESTEasy built-in unmarshaller for org.w3c.dom.Document documents does not expand external entities. It replaces them with an empty string. You can configure it to replace external entities with values defined in the DTD. This is done by setting the resteasy.document.expand.entity.references context parameter to true in the web.xml file.

<context-param>
 <param-name>resteasy.document.expand.entity.references</param-name>
 <param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>

<context-param>
 <param-name>resteasy.document.expand.entity.references</param-name>
 <param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>

Another way of dealing with the problem is by prohibiting DTDs, which RESTEasy does by default. This behavior can be changed by setting the resteasy.document.secure.disableDTDs context parameter to false.

<context-param>
 <param-name>resteasy.document.secure.disableDTDs</param-name>
 <param-value>false</param-value>
</context-param>

<context-param>
 <param-name>resteasy.document.secure.disableDTDs</param-name>
 <param-value>false</param-value>
</context-param>

Documents are also subject to Denial of Service Attacks when buffers are overrun by large entities or too many attributes. For example, if a DTD defined the following entities, the expansion of &foo6; would result in 1,000,000 foos.

<!--ENTITY foo 'foo'-->
<!--ENTITY foo1 '&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo2 '&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo3 '&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo4 '&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo5 '&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo6 '&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;'-->

<!--ENTITY foo 'foo'-->
<!--ENTITY foo1 '&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;&foo;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo2 '&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;&foo1;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo3 '&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;&foo2;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo4 '&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;&foo3;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo5 '&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;&foo4;'-->
<!--ENTITY foo6 '&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;&foo5;'-->

By default, RESTEasy limits the number of expansions and the number of attributes per entity. The exact behavior depends on the underlying parser. The limit can be turned off by setting the resteasy.document.secure.processing.feature context parameter to false.

<context-param>
 <param-name>resteasy.document.secure.processing.feature</param-name>
 <param-value>false</param-value>
</context-param>

<context-param>
 <param-name>resteasy.document.secure.processing.feature</param-name>
 <param-value>false</param-value>
</context-param>

You can use MapProvider to accept and return a map with JAX-RS resources.

@Path("manipulateMap")
@POST
@Consumes("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
@Produces("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
public MultivaluedMap<String, String> manipulateMap(MultivaluedMap<String, String> map) {
  //do something
  return map;
}

@Path("manipulateMap")
@POST
@Consumes("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
@Produces("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
public MultivaluedMap<String, String> manipulateMap(MultivaluedMap<String, String> map) {
  //do something
  return map;
}

You can also send and receive maps to JAX-RS resources using the client.

MultivaluedMap<String, String> map = new MultivaluedHashMap<String, String>();

//add values to the map...

Response response = client.target(generateURL("/manipulateMap"))
                          .request(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_TYPE)
                          .post(Entity.entity(map, MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_TYPE));

String data = response.readEntity(String.class);

//handle data...

MultivaluedMap<String, String> map = new MultivaluedHashMap<String, String>();

//add values to the map...

Response response = client.target(generateURL("/manipulateMap"))
                          .request(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_TYPE)
                          .post(Entity.entity(map, MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_TYPE));

String data = response.readEntity(String.class);

//handle data...

JAX-RS @*Param annotations, including @QueryParam, @MatrixParam, @HeaderParam, @PathParam, and @FormParam, are represented as strings in a raw HTTP request. These types of injected parameters can be converted to objects if these objects have a valueOf(String) static method or a constructor that takes one String parameter.

If you have a class where the valueOf() method or the string constructor does not exist or is inappropriate for an HTTP request, the JAX-RS 2.0 specification provides the javax.ws.rs.ext.ParamConverterProvider and javax.ws.rs.ext.ParamConverter to help convert the message parameter value to the corresponding custom Java type. ParamConverterProvider must be either programmatically registered in a JAX-RS runtime or must be annotated with @Provider annotation to be automatically discovered by the JAX-RS runtime during a provider scanning phase.

For example: The steps below demonstrate how to create a custom POJO object. The conversion from message parameter value such as @QueryParam, @PathParam, @MatrixParam, @HeaderParam into POJO object is done by implementation of ParamConverter and ParamConverterProvider interfaces.

Deserializing Java objects from untrusted sources is not safe. Therefore, org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.SerializableProvider is disabled by default. It is not recommended to use this provider.

RESTEasy’s JAXB providers have a pluggable way to decorate Marshaller and Unmarshaller instances. You can create an annotation that can trigger either a Marshaller or Unmarshaller instance, which can be used to decorate methods.

Create a JAXB Decorator with RESTEasy

You have now created a JAXB decorator, which can be applied within a JAX-RS web service.

The multipart MIME format is used to pass lists of content bodies embedded in one message. One example of a multipart MIME format is the multipart/form-data MIME type. This is often found in web application HTML form documents and is generally used to upload files. The form-data format in this MIME type is the same as other multipart formats, except that each inlined piece of content has a name associated with it.

RESTEasy allows for the multipart/form-data and multipart/* MIME types. RESTEasy also provides a custom API for reading and writing multipart types as well as marshalling arbitrary List (for any multipart type) and Map (multipart/form-data only) objects.

package org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart;

public interface MultipartInput {

   List<InputPart> getParts();
   String getPreamble();

   // You must call close to delete any temporary files created
   // Otherwise they will be deleted on garbage collection or on JVM exit
   void close();
}

public interface InputPart {

   MultivaluedMap<String, String> getHeaders();
   String getBodyAsString();
   <T> T getBody(Class<T> type, Type genericType) throws IOException;
   <T> T getBody(org.jboss.resteasy.util.GenericType<T> type) throws IOException;
   MediaType getMediaType();
   boolean isContentTypeFromMessage();
}

package org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart;

public interface MultipartInput {

   List<InputPart> getParts();
   String getPreamble();

   // You must call close to delete any temporary files created
   // Otherwise they will be deleted on garbage collection or on JVM exit
   void close();
}

public interface InputPart {

   MultivaluedMap<String, String> getHeaders();
   String getBodyAsString();
   <T> T getBody(Class<T> type, Type genericType) throws IOException;
   <T> T getBody(org.jboss.resteasy.util.GenericType<T> type) throws IOException;
   MediaType getMediaType();
   boolean isContentTypeFromMessage();
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @PUT
    @Consumes("multipart/mixed")
    public void put(MultipartInput input) {
        List<Customer> customers = new ArrayList...;
        for (InputPart part : input.getParts()) {
            Customer cust = part.getBody(Customer.class, null);
            customers.add(cust);
        }
        input.close();
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @PUT
    @Consumes("multipart/mixed")
    public void put(MultipartInput input) {
        List<Customer> customers = new ArrayList...;
        for (InputPart part : input.getParts()) {
            Customer cust = part.getBody(Customer.class, null);
            customers.add(cust);
        }
        input.close();
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @PUT
    @Consumes("multipart/mixed")
    public void put(MultipartInput input) {
        for (InputPart part : input.getParts()) {
            List<Customer> cust = part.getBody(new GenericType<List<Customer>>() {});
        }
        input.close();
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @PUT
    @Consumes("multipart/mixed")
    public void put(MultipartInput input) {
        for (InputPart part : input.getParts()) {
            List<Customer> cust = part.getBody(new GenericType<List<Customer>>() {});
        }
        input.close();
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @PUT
    @Consumes("multipart/mixed")
    public void put(List<Customer> customers) {
        ...
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @PUT
    @Consumes("multipart/mixed")
    public void put(List<Customer> customers) {
        ...
    }
}

public interface MultipartFormDataInput extends MultipartInput {

    @Deprecated
    Map<String, InputPart> getFormData();
    Map<String, List<InputPart>> getFormDataMap();
    <T> T getFormDataPart(String key, Class<T> rawType, Type genericType) throws IOException;
    <T> T getFormDataPart(String key, GenericType<T> type) throws IOException;
}

public interface MultipartFormDataInput extends MultipartInput {

    @Deprecated
    Map<String, InputPart> getFormData();
    Map<String, List<InputPart>> getFormDataMap();
    <T> T getFormDataPart(String key, Class<T> rawType, Type genericType) throws IOException;
    <T> T getFormDataPart(String key, GenericType<T> type) throws IOException;
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @PUT
    @Consumes("multipart/form-data")
    public void put(Map<String, Customer> customers) {
        ...
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @PUT
    @Consumes("multipart/form-data")
    public void put(Map<String, Customer> customers) {
        ...
    }
}

public interface MultipartRelatedInput extends MultipartInput {

    String getType();
    String getStart();
    String getStartInfo();
    InputPart getRootPart();
    Map<String, InputPart> getRelatedMap();
}

public interface MultipartRelatedInput extends MultipartInput {

    String getType();
    String getStart();
    String getStartInfo();
    InputPart getRootPart();
    Map<String, InputPart> getRelatedMap();
}

package org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart;

public class MultipartOutput {

    public OutputPart addPart(Object entity, MediaType mediaType)
    public OutputPart addPart(Object entity, GenericType type, MediaType mediaType)
    public OutputPart addPart(Object entity, Class type, Type genericType, MediaType mediaType)
    public List<OutputPart> getParts()
    public String getBoundary()
    public void setBoundary(String boundary)
}

public class OutputPart {

    public MultivaluedMap<String, Object> getHeaders()
    public Object getEntity()
    public Class getType()
    public Type getGenericType()
    public MediaType getMediaType()
}

package org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart;

public class MultipartOutput {

    public OutputPart addPart(Object entity, MediaType mediaType)
    public OutputPart addPart(Object entity, GenericType type, MediaType mediaType)
    public OutputPart addPart(Object entity, Class type, Type genericType, MediaType mediaType)
    public List<OutputPart> getParts()
    public String getBoundary()
    public void setBoundary(String boundary)
}

public class OutputPart {

    public MultivaluedMap<String, Object> getHeaders()
    public Object getEntity()
    public Class getType()
    public Type getGenericType()
    public MediaType getMediaType()
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/mixed")
    public MultipartOutput get() {

        MultipartOutput output = new MultipartOutput();
        output.addPart(new Customer("bill"), MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE);
        output.addPart(new Customer("monica"), MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE);
        return output;
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/mixed")
    public MultipartOutput get() {

        MultipartOutput output = new MultipartOutput();
        output.addPart(new Customer("bill"), MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE);
        output.addPart(new Customer("monica"), MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE);
        return output;
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/mixed")
    @PartType("application/xml")
    public List<Customer> get(){
        ...
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/mixed")
    @PartType("application/xml")
    public List<Customer> get(){
        ...
    }
}

package org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart;

public class MultipartFormDataOutput extends MultipartOutput {

    public OutputPart addFormData(String key, Object entity, MediaType mediaType)
    public OutputPart addFormData(String key, Object entity, GenericType type, MediaType mediaType)
    public OutputPart addFormData(String key, Object entity, Class type, Type genericType, MediaType mediaType)
    public Map<String, OutputPart> getFormData()
}

package org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart;

public class MultipartFormDataOutput extends MultipartOutput {

    public OutputPart addFormData(String key, Object entity, MediaType mediaType)
    public OutputPart addFormData(String key, Object entity, GenericType type, MediaType mediaType)
    public OutputPart addFormData(String key, Object entity, Class type, Type genericType, MediaType mediaType)
    public Map<String, OutputPart> getFormData()
}

@Path("/form")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/form-data")
    public MultipartFormDataOutput get() {

        MultipartFormDataOutput output = new MultipartFormDataOutput();
        output.addPart("bill", new Customer("bill"), MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE);
        output.addPart("monica", new Customer("monica"), MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE);
        return output;
    }
}

@Path("/form")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/form-data")
    public MultipartFormDataOutput get() {

        MultipartFormDataOutput output = new MultipartFormDataOutput();
        output.addPart("bill", new Customer("bill"), MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE);
        output.addPart("monica", new Customer("monica"), MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE);
        return output;
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/form-data")
    @PartType("application/xml")
    public Map<String, Customer> get() {
        ...
    }
}

@Path("/multipart")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/form-data")
    @PartType("application/xml")
    public Map<String, Customer> get() {
        ...
    }
}

package org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart;

public class MultipartRelatedOutput extends MultipartOutput {

    public OutputPart getRootPart()
    public OutputPart addPart(Object entity, MediaType mediaType,
        String contentId, String contentTransferEncoding)
    public String getStartInfo()
    public void setStartInfo(String startInfo)
}

package org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart;

public class MultipartRelatedOutput extends MultipartOutput {

    public OutputPart getRootPart()
    public OutputPart addPart(Object entity, MediaType mediaType,
        String contentId, String contentTransferEncoding)
    public String getStartInfo()
    public void setStartInfo(String startInfo)
}

@Path("/related")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/related")
    public MultipartRelatedOutput get() {

        MultipartRelatedOutput output = new MultipartRelatedOutput();
        output.setStartInfo("text/html");

        Map<String, String> mediaTypeParameters = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
        mediaTypeParameters.put("charset", "UTF-8");
        mediaTypeParameters.put("type", "text/html");
        output.addPart(
            "<html><body>\n"
            + "This is me: <img src='cid:http://example.org/me.png' />\n"
            + "<br />This is you: <img src='cid:http://example.org/you.png' />\n"
            + "</body></html>",
            new MediaType("text", "html", mediaTypeParameters),
            "<mymessage.xml@example.org>", "8bit");
        output.addPart("// binary octets for me png",
            new MediaType("image", "png"), "<http://example.org/me.png>",
            "binary");
        output.addPart("// binary octets for you png", new MediaType(
            "image", "png"),
            "<http://example.org/you.png>", "binary");
        client.putRelated(output);
        return output;
    }
}

@Path("/related")
public class MyService {

    @GET
    @Produces("multipart/related")
    public MultipartRelatedOutput get() {

        MultipartRelatedOutput output = new MultipartRelatedOutput();
        output.setStartInfo("text/html");

        Map<String, String> mediaTypeParameters = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
        mediaTypeParameters.put("charset", "UTF-8");
        mediaTypeParameters.put("type", "text/html");
        output.addPart(
            "<html><body>\n"
            + "This is me: <img src='cid:http://example.org/me.png' />\n"
            + "<br />This is you: <img src='cid:http://example.org/you.png' />\n"
            + "</body></html>",
            new MediaType("text", "html", mediaTypeParameters),
            "<mymessage.xml@example.org>", "8bit");
        output.addPart("// binary octets for me png",
            new MediaType("image", "png"), "<http://example.org/me.png>",
            "binary");
        output.addPart("// binary octets for you png", new MediaType(
            "image", "png"),
            "<http://example.org/you.png>", "binary");
        client.putRelated(output);
        return output;
    }
}

public class CustomerProblemForm {

    @FormParam("customer")
    @PartType("application/xml")
    private Customer customer;

    @FormParam("problem")
    @PartType("text/plain")
    private String problem;

    public Customer getCustomer() { return customer; }
    public void setCustomer(Customer cust) { this.customer = cust; }
    public String getProblem() { return problem; }
    public void setProblem(String problem) { this.problem = problem; }
}

public class CustomerProblemForm {

    @FormParam("customer")
    @PartType("application/xml")
    private Customer customer;

    @FormParam("problem")
    @PartType("text/plain")
    private String problem;

    public Customer getCustomer() { return customer; }
    public void setCustomer(Customer cust) { this.customer = cust; }
    public String getProblem() { return problem; }
    public void setProblem(String problem) { this.problem = problem; }
}

@Path("portal")
public interface CustomerPortal {

    @Path("issues/{id}")
    @Consumes("multipart/form-data")
    @PUT
    public void putProblem(@MultipartForm CustomerProblemForm,
                           @PathParam("id") int id);
}

// Somewhere using it:
{
    CustomerPortal portal = ProxyFactory.create(CustomerPortal.class, "http://example.com");
    CustomerProblemForm form = new CustomerProblemForm();
    form.setCustomer(...);
    form.setProblem(...);

    portal.putProblem(form, 333);
}

@Path("portal")
public interface CustomerPortal {

    @Path("issues/{id}")
    @Consumes("multipart/form-data")
    @PUT
    public void putProblem(@MultipartForm CustomerProblemForm,
                           @PathParam("id") int id);
}

// Somewhere using it:
{
    CustomerPortal portal = ProxyFactory.create(CustomerPortal.class, "http://example.com");
    CustomerProblemForm form = new CustomerProblemForm();
    form.setCustomer(...);
    form.setProblem(...);

    portal.putProblem(form, 333);
}

@Path("portal")
public class CustomerPortalServer {

    @Path("issues/{id})
    @Consumes("multipart/form-data")
    @PUT
    public void putIssue(@MultipartForm CustomerProblemForm,
                         @PathParam("id") int id) {
       ... write to database...
    }
}

@Path("portal")
public class CustomerPortalServer {

    @Path("issues/{id})
    @Consumes("multipart/form-data")
    @PUT
    public void putIssue(@MultipartForm CustomerProblemForm,
                         @PathParam("id") int id) {
       ... write to database...
    }
}

@XmlRootElement
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public static class Xop {

    private Customer bill;
    private Customer monica;

    @XmlMimeType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
    private byte[] myBinary;

    @XmlMimeType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
    private DataHandler myDataHandler;

    // methods, other fields ...
}

@XmlRootElement
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public static class Xop {

    private Customer bill;
    private Customer monica;

    @XmlMimeType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
    private byte[] myBinary;

    @XmlMimeType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
    private DataHandler myDataHandler;

    // methods, other fields ...
}

// our client interface:
@Path("mime")
public static interface MultipartClient {
    @Path("xop")
    @PUT
    @Consumes(MultipartConstants.MULTIPART_RELATED)
    public void putXop(@XopWithMultipartRelated Xop bean);
}

// Somewhere using it:
{
    MultipartClient client = ProxyFactory.create(MultipartClient.class,
        "http://www.example.org");
    Xop xop = new Xop(new Customer("bill"), new Customer("monica"),
        "Hello Xop World!".getBytes("UTF-8"),
        new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource("Hello Xop World!".getBytes("UTF-8"),
        MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)));
    client.putXop(xop);
}

// our client interface:
@Path("mime")
public static interface MultipartClient {
    @Path("xop")
    @PUT
    @Consumes(MultipartConstants.MULTIPART_RELATED)
    public void putXop(@XopWithMultipartRelated Xop bean);
}

// Somewhere using it:
{
    MultipartClient client = ProxyFactory.create(MultipartClient.class,
        "http://www.example.org");
    Xop xop = new Xop(new Customer("bill"), new Customer("monica"),
        "Hello Xop World!".getBytes("UTF-8"),
        new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource("Hello Xop World!".getBytes("UTF-8"),
        MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)));
    client.putXop(xop);
}

@Path("/mime")
public class XopService {
    @PUT
    @Path("xop")
    @Consumes(MultipartConstants.MULTIPART_RELATED)
    public void putXopWithMultipartRelated(@XopWithMultipartRelated Xop xop) {
        // do very important things here
    }
}

@Path("/mime")
public class XopService {
    @PUT
    @Path("xop")
    @Consumes(MultipartConstants.MULTIPART_RELATED)
    public void putXopWithMultipartRelated(@XopWithMultipartRelated Xop xop) {
        // do very important things here
    }
}

import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart.InputPart;

@Provider
@ServerInterceptor
public class ContentTypeSetterPreProcessorInterceptor implements PreProcessInterceptor {

    public ServerResponse preProcess(HttpRequest request, ResourceMethod method)
            throws Failure, WebApplicationException {
        request.setAttribute(InputPart.DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE_PROPERTY, "*/*; charset=UTF-8");
        return null;
    }
}

import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart.InputPart;

@Provider
@ServerInterceptor
public class ContentTypeSetterPreProcessorInterceptor implements PreProcessInterceptor {

    public ServerResponse preProcess(HttpRequest request, ResourceMethod method)
            throws Failure, WebApplicationException {
        request.setAttribute(InputPart.DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE_PROPERTY, "*/*; charset=UTF-8");
        return null;
    }
}

@POST
@Path("query")
@Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA)
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
public Response setMediaType(MultipartInput input) throws IOException {

    List<InputPart> parts = input.getParts();
    InputPart part = parts.get(0);
    part.setMediaType(MediaType.valueOf("application/foo+xml"));
    String s = part.getBody(String.class, null);
    ...
}

@POST
@Path("query")
@Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA)
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
public Response setMediaType(MultipartInput input) throws IOException {

    List<InputPart> parts = input.getParts();
    InputPart part = parts.get(0);
    part.setMediaType(MediaType.valueOf("application/foo+xml"));
    String s = part.getBody(String.class, null);
    ...
}

import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart.InputPart;

@Provider
@ServerInterceptor
public class ContentTypeSetterPreProcessorInterceptor implements PreProcessInterceptor {

    public ServerResponse preProcess(HttpRequest request, ResourceMethod method)
            throws Failure, WebApplicationException {
        request.setAttribute(InputPart.DEFAULT_CHARSET_PROPERTY, "UTF-8");
        return null;
    }
}

import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.multipart.InputPart;

@Provider
@ServerInterceptor
public class ContentTypeSetterPreProcessorInterceptor implements PreProcessInterceptor {

    public ServerResponse preProcess(HttpRequest request, ResourceMethod method)
            throws Failure, WebApplicationException {
        request.setAttribute(InputPart.DEFAULT_CHARSET_PROPERTY, "UTF-8");
        return null;
    }
}

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>
  <artifactId>resteasy-client</artifactId>
  <version>${version.org.jboss.resteasy}</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>
  <artifactId>resteasy-multipart-provider</artifactId>
  <version>${version.org.jboss.resteasy}</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>
  <artifactId>resteasy-client</artifactId>
  <version>${version.org.jboss.resteasy}</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>
  <artifactId>resteasy-multipart-provider</artifactId>
  <version>${version.org.jboss.resteasy}</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

ResteasyClient client = new ResteasyClientBuilder().build();
ResteasyWebTarget target = client.target("http://foo.com/resource");

MultipartFormDataOutput formOutputData = new MultipartFormDataOutput();
formOutputData.addFormData("part1", "this is part 1", MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);
formOutputData.addFormData("part2", "this is part 2", MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);

GenericEntity<MultipartFormDataOutput> data = new GenericEntity<MultipartFormDataOutput>(formOutputData) { };

Response response = target.request().put(Entity.entity(data, MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_TYPE));

response.close();

ResteasyClient client = new ResteasyClientBuilder().build();
ResteasyWebTarget target = client.target("http://foo.com/resource");

MultipartFormDataOutput formOutputData = new MultipartFormDataOutput();
formOutputData.addFormData("part1", "this is part 1", MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);
formOutputData.addFormData("part2", "this is part 2", MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);

GenericEntity<MultipartFormDataOutput> data = new GenericEntity<MultipartFormDataOutput>(formOutputData) { };

Response response = target.request().put(Entity.entity(data, MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_TYPE));

response.close();

The RESTEasy Atom API and Provider is a simple object model that RESTEasy defines to represent Atom. The main classes for the API are in the org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom package. RESTEasy uses JAXB to marshal and unmarshal the API. The provider is JAXB based, and is not limited to sending Atom objects using XML. All JAXB providers that RESTEasy has can be reused by the Atom API and provider, including JSON.

import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Content;
import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Entry;
import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Feed;
import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Link;
import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Person;

@Path("atom")
public class MyAtomService {

   @GET
   @Path("feed")
   @Produces("application/atom+xml")
   public Feed getFeed() throws URISyntaxException {
      Feed feed = new Feed();
      feed.setId(new URI("http://example.com/42"));
      feed.setTitle("My Feed");
      feed.setUpdated(new Date());
      Link link = new Link();
      link.setHref(new URI("http://localhost"));
      link.setRel("edit");
      feed.getLinks().add(link);
      feed.getAuthors().add(new Person("John Brown"));
      Entry entry = new Entry();
      entry.setTitle("Hello World");
      Content content = new Content();
      content.setType(MediaType.TEXT_HTML_TYPE);
      content.setText("Nothing much");
      entry.setContent(content);
      feed.getEntries().add(entry);
      return feed;
   }
}

import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Content;
import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Entry;
import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Feed;
import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Link;
import org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.providers.atom.Person;

@Path("atom")
public class MyAtomService {

   @GET
   @Path("feed")
   @Produces("application/atom+xml")
   public Feed getFeed() throws URISyntaxException {
      Feed feed = new Feed();
      feed.setId(new URI("http://example.com/42"));
      feed.setTitle("My Feed");
      feed.setUpdated(new Date());
      Link link = new Link();
      link.setHref(new URI("http://localhost"));
      link.setRel("edit");
      feed.getLinks().add(link);
      feed.getAuthors().add(new Person("John Brown"));
      Entry entry = new Entry();
      entry.setTitle("Hello World");
      Content content = new Content();
      content.setType(MediaType.TEXT_HTML_TYPE);
      content.setText("Nothing much");
      entry.setContent(content);
      feed.getEntries().add(entry);
      return feed;
   }
}

@XmlRootElement(namespace = "http://jboss.org/Customer")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
   @XmlElement
   private String name;

   public Customer() {
   }

   public Customer(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }

   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
}

@Path("atom")
public static class AtomServer {
   @GET
   @Path("entry")
   @Produces("application/atom+xml")
   public Entry getEntry() {
      Entry entry = new Entry();
      entry.setTitle("Hello World");
      Content content = new Content();
      content.setJAXBObject(new Customer("bill"));
      entry.setContent(content);
      return entry;
   }
}

@XmlRootElement(namespace = "http://jboss.org/Customer")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
   @XmlElement
   private String name;

   public Customer() {
   }

   public Customer(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }

   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
}

@Path("atom")
public static class AtomServer {
   @GET
   @Path("entry")
   @Produces("application/atom+xml")
   public Entry getEntry() {
      Entry entry = new Entry();
      entry.setTitle("Hello World");
      Content content = new Content();
      content.setJAXBObject(new Customer("bill"));
      entry.setContent(content);
      return entry;
   }
}

@Path("atom")
public static class AtomServer {
   @PUT
   @Path("entry")
   @Produces("application/atom+xml")
   public void putCustomer(Entry entry) {
      Content content = entry.getContent();
      Customer cust = content.getJAXBObject(Customer.class);
   }
}

@Path("atom")
public static class AtomServer {
   @PUT
   @Path("entry")
   @Produces("application/atom+xml")
   public void putCustomer(Entry entry) {
      Content content = entry.getContent();
      Customer cust = content.getJAXBObject(Customer.class);
   }
}

RESTEasy comes with built in support for YAML using the SnakeYAML library.

In releases prior to JBoss EAP 7.1, the YAML provider setting was enabled by default and you only needed to configure the Maven dependencies for YAML to use it in your application. This has changed in JBoss EAP 7.1. The YAML provider is now disabled by default and must be explicitly enabled in the application.

Enable the YAML Provider

To enable the YAML provider in your application, follow these steps:

YAML Provider Maven Dependencies

To use the YAML provider in your application, you must add the snakeyaml JAR dependencies to the project POM file of your application.

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>
    <artifactId>resteasy-yaml-provider</artifactId>
    <version>${version.org.jboss.resteasy}</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.yaml</groupId>
    <artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId>
    <version>${version.org.yaml.snakeyaml}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>
    <artifactId>resteasy-yaml-provider</artifactId>
    <version>${version.org.jboss.resteasy}</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.yaml</groupId>
    <artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId>
    <version>${version.org.yaml.snakeyaml}</version>
</dependency>

YAML Provider Code Example

The YAML provider recognizes three mime types:

The following is an example of how to use YAML in a resource method.

import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;

@Path("/yaml")
public class YamlResource {

  @GET
  @Produces("text/x-yaml")
  public MyObject getMyObject() {
    return createMyObject();
  }
...
}

import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;

@Path("/yaml")
public class YamlResource {

  @GET
  @Produces("text/x-yaml")
  public MyObject getMyObject() {
    return createMyObject();
  }
...
}

A CDI bean that does not explicitly define a scope is @Dependent scoped by default. This pseudo-scope means that the bean adapts to the lifecycle of the bean that it is injected into. Normal scopes, including request, session, and application, are more suitable for JAX-RS components as they designate the component’s lifecycle boundaries explicitly. Therefore, the resteasy-cdi module alters the default scoping in the following way:

The resteasy-cdi module is bundled with JBoss EAP. Therefore, there is no need to download the module separately or add any additional configuration. See the kitchensink quickstart that ships with JBoss EAP for a working example of using CDI beans with a JAX-RS resource.

On the server side, you have two different types of filters: ContainerRequestFilters and ContainerResponseFilters. ContainerRequestFilters run before your JAX-RS resource method is invoked. ContainerResponseFilters run after your JAX-RS resource method is invoked.

In addition, there are two types of ContainerRequestFilters: pre-matching and post-matching. Pre-matching ContainerRequestFilters are designated with the @PreMatching annotation and execute before the JAX-RS resource method is matched with the incoming HTTP request. Post-matching ContainerRequestFilters are designated with the @PostMatching annotation and execute after the JAX-RS resource method is matched with the incoming HTTP request.

Pre-matching filters often are used to modify request attributes to change how it matches to a specific resource method, for example to strip .xml and add an Accept header. ContainerRequestFilters can abort the request by calling ContainerRequestContext.abortWith(Response). For example, a filter might want to abort if it implements a custom authentication protocol.

After the resource class method is executed, JAX-RS runs all ContainerResponseFilters. These filters allow you to modify the outgoing response before it is marshalled and sent to the client.

public class RoleBasedSecurityFilter implements ContainerRequestFilter {
  protected String[] rolesAllowed;
  protected boolean denyAll;
  protected boolean permitAll;

  public RoleBasedSecurityFilter(String[] rolesAllowed, boolean denyAll, boolean permitAll) {
    this.rolesAllowed = rolesAllowed;
    this.denyAll = denyAll;
    this.permitAll = permitAll;
  }

  @Override
  public void filter(ContainerRequestContext requestContext) throws IOException  {
    if (denyAll) {
       requestContext.abortWith(Response.status(403).entity("Access forbidden: role not allowed").build());
       return;
    }
    if (permitAll) return;
    if (rolesAllowed != null) {
       SecurityContext context = ResteasyProviderFactory.getContextData(SecurityContext.class);
       if (context != null) {
          for (String role : rolesAllowed) {
             if (context.isUserInRole(role)) return;
          }
          requestContext.abortWith(Response.status(403).entity("Access forbidden: role not allowed").build());
          return;
       }
    }
    return;
  }
}

public class RoleBasedSecurityFilter implements ContainerRequestFilter {
  protected String[] rolesAllowed;
  protected boolean denyAll;
  protected boolean permitAll;

  public RoleBasedSecurityFilter(String[] rolesAllowed, boolean denyAll, boolean permitAll) {
    this.rolesAllowed = rolesAllowed;
    this.denyAll = denyAll;
    this.permitAll = permitAll;
  }

  @Override
  public void filter(ContainerRequestContext requestContext) throws IOException  {
    if (denyAll) {
       requestContext.abortWith(Response.status(403).entity("Access forbidden: role not allowed").build());
       return;
    }
    if (permitAll) return;
    if (rolesAllowed != null) {
       SecurityContext context = ResteasyProviderFactory.getContextData(SecurityContext.class);
       if (context != null) {
          for (String role : rolesAllowed) {
             if (context.isUserInRole(role)) return;
          }
          requestContext.abortWith(Response.status(403).entity("Access forbidden: role not allowed").build());
          return;
       }
    }
    return;
  }
}

public class CacheControlFilter implements ContainerResponseFilter {
   private int maxAge;

   public CacheControlFilter(int maxAge) {
      this.maxAge = maxAge;
   }

   public void filter(ContainerRequestContext req, ContainerResponseContext res)
           throws IOException {
      if (req.getMethod().equals("GET")) {
         CacheControl cc = new CacheControl();
         cc.setMaxAge(this.maxAge);
         res.getHeaders().add("Cache-Control", cc);
      }
   }
}

public class CacheControlFilter implements ContainerResponseFilter {
   private int maxAge;

   public CacheControlFilter(int maxAge) {
      this.maxAge = maxAge;
   }

   public void filter(ContainerRequestContext req, ContainerResponseContext res)
           throws IOException {
      if (req.getMethod().equals("GET")) {
         CacheControl cc = new CacheControl();
         cc.setMaxAge(this.maxAge);
         res.getHeaders().add("Cache-Control", cc);
      }
   }
}

More information on client-side filters can be found in the JAX-RS 2.0 Client API section of this guide.

RESTEasy supports GZIP compression and decompression. To support GZIP decompression, the client framework or a JAX-RS service automatically decompresses a message body with a Content-Encoding of gzip, and it can automatically set the Accept-Encoding header to gzip, deflate so that you do not have to set this header manually. To support GZIP compression, RESTEasy compresses the outgoing message if the client framework is sending a request or if the server is sending a response with the Content-Encoding header set to gzip. You can use the @org.jboss.resteasy.annotation.GZIP annotation to set the Content-Encoding header.

The following example tags the outgoing message body order to be gzip compressed.

@Path("/")
public interface MyProxy {

   @Consumes("application/xml")
   @PUT
   public void put(@GZIP Order order);
}

@Path("/")
public interface MyProxy {

   @Consumes("application/xml")
   @PUT
   public void put(@GZIP Order order);
}

@Path("/")
public class MyService {

   @GET
   @Produces("application/xml")
   @GZIP
   public String getData() {...}
}

@Path("/")
public class MyService {

   @GET
   @Produces("application/xml")
   @GZIP
   public String getData() {...}
}

Client client = new ResteasyClientBuilder() // Activate gzip compression on client:
    .register(AcceptEncodingGZIPFilter.class)
    .register(GZIPDecodingInterceptor.class)
    .register(GZIPEncodingInterceptor.class)
    .build();

Client client = new ResteasyClientBuilder() // Activate gzip compression on client:
    .register(AcceptEncodingGZIPFilter.class)
    .register(GZIPDecodingInterceptor.class)
    .register(GZIPEncodingInterceptor.class)
    .build();

Client client = new ResteasyClientBuilder() // Activate gzip compression on client:
    .register(AcceptEncodingGZIPFilter.class)
    .register(new GZIPDecodingInterceptor(256))
    .register(GZIPEncodingInterceptor.class)
    .build();

Client client = new ResteasyClientBuilder() // Activate gzip compression on client:
    .register(AcceptEncodingGZIPFilter.class)
    .register(new GZIPDecodingInterceptor(256))
    .register(GZIPEncodingInterceptor.class)
    .build();

Sometimes you want a filter or interceptor to only run for a specific resource method. You can do this in two different ways:

Implement the DynamicFeature Interface

The DynamicFeature interface includes a callback method, configure(ResourceInfo resourceInfo, FeatureContext context), which is invoked for each and every deployed JAX-RS method. The ResourceInfo parameter contains information about the current JAX-RS method being deployed. FeatureContext is an extension of the Configurable interface. You can use the register() method of this parameter to bind the filters and interceptors that you want to assign to this method.

@Provider
public class AnimalTypeFeature implements DynamicFeature {
    @Override
    public void configure(ResourceInfo info, FeatureContext context) {
        if (info.getResourceMethod().getAnnotation(GET.class) != null)
            AnimalFilter filter = new AnimalFilter();
            context.register(filter);
        }
    }
}

@Provider
public class AnimalTypeFeature implements DynamicFeature {
    @Override
    public void configure(ResourceInfo info, FeatureContext context) {
        if (info.getResourceMethod().getAnnotation(GET.class) != null)
            AnimalFilter filter = new AnimalFilter();
            context.register(filter);
        }
    }
}

In the example above, the provider that you register using AnimalTypeFeature must implement one of the interfaces. This example registers the provider AnimalFilter that must implement one of the following interfaces: ContainerRequestFilter, ContainerResponseFilter, ReaderInterceptor, WriterInterceptor, or Feature. In this case AnimalFilter will be applied to all resource methods annotated with GET annotation. See DynamicFeature Documentation for details.

Use the @NameBinding Annotation

@NameBinding works a lot like CDI interceptors. You annotate a custom annotation with @NameBinding and then apply that custom annotation to your filter and resource method.

@NameBinding
public @interface DoIt {}

@DoIt
public class MyFilter implements ContainerRequestFilter {...}

@Path("/root")
public class MyResource {

   @GET
   @DoIt
   public String get() {...}
}

@NameBinding
public @interface DoIt {}

@DoIt
public class MyFilter implements ContainerRequestFilter {...}

@Path("/root")
public class MyResource {

   @GET
   @DoIt
   public String get() {...}
}

See NameBinding Documentation for details.

Ordering is accomplished by using the @Priority annotation on your filter or interceptor class.

Exceptions associated with filters or interceptors can occur on either the client side or the server side. On the client side, there are two types of exceptions you will have to handle: javax.ws.rs.client.ProcessingException and javax.ws.rs.client.ResponseProcessingException. A javax.ws.rs.client.ProcessingException will be thrown on the client side if there was an error before a request is sent to the server. A javax.ws.rs.client.ResponseProcessingException will be thrown on the client side if there was an error in processing the response received by the client from the server.

On the server side, exceptions thrown by filters or interceptors are handled in the same way as other exceptions thrown from JAX-RS methods, which tries to find an ExceptionMapper for the exception being thrown. More details on how exceptions are handled in JAX-RS methods can be found in the Exception Handling section.

Exception mappers are custom components provided by applications that catch thrown exceptions and write specific HTTP responses.

When you create an exception mapper, you create a class that is annotated with the @Provider annotation and implements the ExceptionMapper interface.

An example exception mapper is provided below:

@Provider
public class EJBExceptionMapper implements ExceptionMapper<javax.ejb.EJBException> {
  public Response toResponse(EJBException exception) {
    return Response.status(500).build();
  }
}

@Provider
public class EJBExceptionMapper implements ExceptionMapper<javax.ejb.EJBException> {
  public Response toResponse(EJBException exception) {
    return Response.status(500).build();
  }
}

To register an exception mapper, list it in the web.xml file, under the resteasy.providers context-param, or register it programmatically through the ResteasyProviderFactory class.

Follow these steps to configure the web.xml file to enable role-based security.

Role-based security has been enabled within the application, with a set of defined roles.

<web-app>

  <context-param>
    <param-name>resteasy.role.based.security</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <security-constraint>
    <web-resource-collection>
      <web-resource-name>Resteasy</web-resource-name>
      <url-pattern>/security</url-pattern>
    </web-resource-collection>
    <auth-constraint>
      <role-name>admin</role-name>
      <role-name>user</role-name>
    </auth-constraint>
  </security-constraint>

  <login-config>
    <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
    <realm-name>jaxrs</realm-name>
  </login-config>

  <security-role>
    <role-name>admin</role-name>
  </security-role>
  <security-role>
    <role-name>user</role-name>
  </security-role>

</web-app>

<web-app>

  <context-param>
    <param-name>resteasy.role.based.security</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <security-constraint>
    <web-resource-collection>
      <web-resource-name>Resteasy</web-resource-name>
      <url-pattern>/security</url-pattern>
    </web-resource-collection>
    <auth-constraint>
      <role-name>admin</role-name>
      <role-name>user</role-name>
    </auth-constraint>
  </security-constraint>

  <login-config>
    <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
    <realm-name>jaxrs</realm-name>
  </login-config>

  <security-role>
    <role-name>admin</role-name>
  </security-role>
  <security-role>
    <role-name>user</role-name>
  </security-role>

</web-app>

To secure JAX-RS web services using an annotation, complete the following steps.

Below is an example that uses the @RolesAllowed annotation to specify that the admin role can access the web service.

@RolesAllowed("admin")
@Path("/test")
public class TestService {
  ...
}

@RolesAllowed("admin")
@Path("/test")
public class TestService {
  ...
}

JAX-RS includes a programmatic API for gathering security information about a secured request. The javax.ws.rs.core.SecurityContext interface has a method for determining the identity of the user making the secured HTTP invocation. It also has a method that allows you to check whether or not the current user belongs to a certain role:

public interface SecurityContext {

   public Principal getUserPrincipal();
   public boolean isUserInRole(String role);
   public boolean isSecure();
   public String getAuthenticationScheme();
}

public interface SecurityContext {

   public Principal getUserPrincipal();
   public boolean isUserInRole(String role);
   public boolean isSecure();
   public String getAuthenticationScheme();
}

You can access a SecurityContext instance by injecting it into a field, setter method, or resource method parameter using the @Context annotation.

@Path("test")
public class SecurityContextResource {
    @Context
    SecurityContext securityContext;

    @GET
    @Produces("text/plain")
    public String get() {
        if (!securityContext.isUserInRole("admin")) {
            throw new WebApplicationException(Response.serverError().status(HttpResponseCodes.SC_UNAUTHORIZED)
                    .entity("User " + securityContext.getUserPrincipal().getName() + " is not authorized").build());
        }
        return "Good user " + securityContext.getUserPrincipal().getName();
    }
}

@Path("test")
public class SecurityContextResource {
    @Context
    SecurityContext securityContext;

    @GET
    @Produces("text/plain")
    public String get() {
        if (!securityContext.isUserInRole("admin")) {
            throw new WebApplicationException(Response.serverError().status(HttpResponseCodes.SC_UNAUTHORIZED)
                    .entity("User " + securityContext.getUserPrincipal().getName() + " is not authorized").build());
        }
        return "Good user " + securityContext.getUserPrincipal().getName();
    }
}

Enable the asynchronous job service in the web.xml file:

<context-param>
    <param-name>resteasy.async.job.service.enabled</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>

<context-param>
    <param-name>resteasy.async.job.service.enabled</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>

This section covers examples of the query parameters for asynchronous jobs with RESTEasy.

The asynch query parameter is used to run invocations in the background. A 202 Accepted response is returned, as well as a location header with a URL pointing to where the response of the background method is located.

POST http://example.com/myservice?asynch=true

POST http://example.com/myservice?asynch=true

The example above returns a 202 Accepted response. It also returns a location header with a URL pointing to where the response of the background method is located. An example of the location header is shown below:

HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
Location: http://example.com/asynch/jobs/3332334

HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
Location: http://example.com/asynch/jobs/3332334

The URI will take the form of:

/asynch/jobs/{job-id}?wait={milliseconds}|nowait=true

/asynch/jobs/{job-id}?wait={milliseconds}|nowait=true

GET, POST and DELETE operations can be performed on this URL.

The GET and POST operations allow for the maximum wait time to be defined, using the wait and nowait query parameters. If the wait parameter is not specified, the operation will default to nowait=true, and will not wait at all if the job is not complete. The wait parameter is defined in milliseconds.

POST http://example.com/asynch/jobs/122?wait=3000

POST http://example.com/asynch/jobs/122?wait=3000

RESTEasy supports fire and forget jobs, using the oneway query parameter.

POST http://example.com/myservice?oneway=true

POST http://example.com/myservice?oneway=true

The example above returns a 202 Accepted response, but no job is created.

RESTEasy can generate a JavaScript API that uses AJAX calls to invoke JAX-RS operations. Each JAX-RS resource class will generate a JavaScript object of the same name as the declaring class or interface. The JavaScript object contains each JAX-RS method as properties.

@Path("foo")
public class Foo {

  @Path("{id}")
  @GET
  public String get(@QueryParam("order") String order, @HeaderParam("X-Foo") String header,
    @MatrixParam("colour") String colour, @CookieParam("Foo-Cookie") String cookie) {
  }

  @POST
  public void post(String text) {
  }
}

@Path("foo")
public class Foo {

  @Path("{id}")
  @GET
  public String get(@QueryParam("order") String order, @HeaderParam("X-Foo") String header,
    @MatrixParam("colour") String colour, @CookieParam("Foo-Cookie") String cookie) {
  }

  @POST
  public void post(String text) {
  }
}

The following JavaScript code uses the JAX-RS API that was generated in the previous example.

var text = Foo.get({order: 'desc', 'X-Foo': 'hello', colour: 'blue', 'Foo-Cookie': 123987235444});
Foo.post({$entity: text});

var text = Foo.get({order: 'desc', 'X-Foo': 'hello', colour: 'blue', 'Foo-Cookie': 123987235444});
Foo.post({$entity: text});

Each JavaScript API method takes an optional object as single parameter where each property is a cookie, header, path, query or form parameter as identified by its name, or the API parameter properties. For details about the API parameter properties see RESTEasy Javascript API Parameters appendix.

// Change the base URL used by the API:
REST.apiURL = "http://api.service.com";

// log everything in a div element
REST.log = function(text) {
  jQuery("#log-div").append(text);
};

// Change the base URL used by the API:
REST.apiURL = "http://api.service.com";

// log everything in a div element
REST.log = function(text) {
  jQuery("#log-div").append(text);
};

var r = new REST.Request();
r.setURI("http://api.service.com/orders/23/json");
r.setMethod("PUT");
r.setContentType("application/json");
r.setEntity({id: "23"});
r.addMatrixParameter("JSESSIONID", "12309812378123");
r.execute(function(status, request, entity) {
  log("Response is " + status);
});

var r = new REST.Request();
r.setURI("http://api.service.com/orders/23/json");
r.setMethod("PUT");
r.setContentType("application/json");
r.setEntity({id: "23"});
r.addMatrixParameter("JSESSIONID", "12309812378123");
r.execute(function(status, request, entity) {
  log("Response is " + status);
});

When developing a web service endpoint on the server side, you have the option of starting from Java code, known as bottom-up development, or from the WSDL that defines your service, known as top-down development. If this is a new service, meaning that there is no existing contract, then the bottom-up approach is the fastest route; you only need to add a few annotations to your classes to get a service up and running. However, if you are developing a service with a contract already defined, it is far simpler to use the top-down approach, since the tool can generate the annotated code for you.

Bottom-up use cases:

Top-down use cases:

Bottom-Up Strategy Using wsprovide

The bottom-up strategy involves developing the Java code for your service, and then annotating it using JAX-WS annotations. These annotations can be used to customize the contract that is generated for your service. For example, you can change the operation name to map to anything you like. However, all of the annotations have sensible defaults, so only the @WebService annotation is required.

This can be as simple as creating a single class:

package echo;

@javax.jws.WebService
public class Echo {

   public String echo(String input) {
      return input;
   }
}

package echo;

@javax.jws.WebService
public class Echo {

   public String echo(String input) {
      return input;
   }
}

A deployment can be built using this class, and it is the only Java code needed to deploy on JBossWS. The WSDL, and all other Java artifacts called wrapper classes will be generated for you at deploy time.

The primary purpose of the wsprovide tool is to generate portable JAX-WS artifacts. Additionally, it can be used to provide the WSDL file for your service. This can be obtained by invoking wsprovide using the -w option:

javac -d . Echo.java
EAP_HOME/bin/wsprovide.sh --classpath=. -w echo.Echo

$ javac -d . Echo.java
$ EAP_HOME/bin/wsprovide.sh --classpath=. -w echo.Echo

Inspecting the WSDL reveals a service named EchoService:

<wsdl:service name="EchoService">
  <wsdl:port name="EchoPort" binding="tns:EchoServiceSoapBinding">
    <soap:address location="http://localhost:9090/EchoPort"/>
  </wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>

<wsdl:service name="EchoService">
  <wsdl:port name="EchoPort" binding="tns:EchoServiceSoapBinding">
    <soap:address location="http://localhost:9090/EchoPort"/>
  </wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>

As expected, this service defines an operation, echo:

<wsdl:portType name="Echo">
  <wsdl:operation name="echo">
    <wsdl:input name="echo" message="tns:echo">
    </wsdl:input>
    <wsdl:output name="echoResponse" message="tns:echoResponse">
    </wsdl:output>
  </wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>

<wsdl:portType name="Echo">
  <wsdl:operation name="echo">
    <wsdl:input name="echo" message="tns:echo">
    </wsdl:input>
    <wsdl:output name="echoResponse" message="tns:echoResponse">
    </wsdl:output>
  </wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>

When deploying you do not need to run this tool. You only need it for generating portable artifacts or the abstract contract for your service.

A POJO endpoint for the deployment can be created in a simple web.xml file:

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
  version="2.4">

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Echo</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>echo.Echo</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Echo</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Echo</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
  version="2.4">

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Echo</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>echo.Echo</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Echo</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Echo</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

The web.xml and the single Java class can now be used to create a WAR:

mkdir -p WEB-INF/classes
cp -rp echo WEB-INF/classes/
cp web.xml WEB-INF
jar cvf echo.war WEB-INF

$ mkdir -p WEB-INF/classes
$ cp -rp echo WEB-INF/classes/
$ cp web.xml WEB-INF
$ jar cvf echo.war WEB-INF
added manifest
adding: WEB-INF/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: WEB-INF/classes/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: WEB-INF/classes/echo/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: WEB-INF/classes/echo/Echo.class(in = 340) (out= 247)(deflated 27%)
adding: WEB-INF/web.xml(in = 576) (out= 271)(deflated 52%)

The WAR can then be deployed to JBoss EAP. This will internally invoke wsprovide, which will generate the WSDL. If the deployment was successful, and you are using the default settings, it should be available in the management console.

Top-Down Strategy Using wsconsume

The top-down development strategy begins with the abstract contract for the service, which includes the WSDL file and zero or more schema files. The wsconsume tool is then used to consume this contract, and produce annotated Java classes, and optionally sources, that define it.

Using the WSDL file from the bottom-up example, a new Java implementation that adheres to this service can be generated. The -k option is passed to wsconsume to preserve the Java source files that are generated, instead of providing just Java classes:

EAP_HOME/bin/wsconsume.sh -k EchoService.wsdl

$ EAP_HOME/bin/wsconsume.sh -k EchoService.wsdl

The following table shows the purpose of each generated file:

Examining the service endpoint interface reveals annotations that are more explicit than in the class written by hand in the bottom-up example, however, these evaluate to the same contract.

@WebService(targetNamespace = "http://echo/", name = "Echo")
@XmlSeeAlso({ObjectFactory.class})
public interface Echo {

    @WebMethod
    @RequestWrapper(localName = "echo", targetNamespace = "http://echo/", className = "echo.Echo_Type")
    @ResponseWrapper(localName = "echoResponse", targetNamespace = "http://echo/", className = "echo.EchoResponse")
    @WebResult(name = "return", targetNamespace = "")
    public java.lang.String echo(
        @WebParam(name = "arg0", targetNamespace = "")
        java.lang.String arg0
    );
}

@WebService(targetNamespace = "http://echo/", name = "Echo")
@XmlSeeAlso({ObjectFactory.class})
public interface Echo {

    @WebMethod
    @RequestWrapper(localName = "echo", targetNamespace = "http://echo/", className = "echo.Echo_Type")
    @ResponseWrapper(localName = "echoResponse", targetNamespace = "http://echo/", className = "echo.EchoResponse")
    @WebResult(name = "return", targetNamespace = "")
    public java.lang.String echo(
        @WebParam(name = "arg0", targetNamespace = "")
        java.lang.String arg0
    );
}

The only missing piece, other than for packaging, is the implementation class, which can now be written using the above interface.

package echo;

@javax.jws.WebService(endpointInterface="echo.Echo")
public class EchoImpl implements Echo {
   public String echo(String arg0) {
      return arg0;
   }
}

package echo;

@javax.jws.WebService(endpointInterface="echo.Echo")
public class EchoImpl implements Echo {
   public String echo(String arg0) {
      return arg0;
   }
}

Before going in to detail on the client side, it is important to understand the decoupling concept that is central to web services. Web services are not the best fit for internal RPC, even though they can be used in this way. There are much better technologies for this, such as CORBA and RMI. Web services were designed specifically for interoperable coarse-grained correspondence. There is no expectation or guarantee that any party participating in a web service interaction will be at any particular location, running on any particular operating system, or written in any particular programming language. So because of this, it is important to clearly separate client and server implementations. The only thing they should have in common is the abstract contract definition. If, for whatever reason, your software does not adhere to this principal, then you should not be using web services. For the above reasons, the recommended methodology for developing a client is to follow the top-down approach, even if the client is running on the same server.

Top-Down Strategy Using wsconsume

This section repeats the process of the server-side top-down section, however, it uses a deployed WSDL. This is to retrieve the correct value for soap:address, shown below, which is computed at deploy time. This value can be edited manually in the WSDL if necessary, but you must take care to provide the correct path.

<wsdl:service name="EchoService">
  <wsdl:port name="EchoPort" binding="tns:EchoServiceSoapBinding">
    <soap:address location="http://localhost.localdomain:8080/echo/Echo"/>
  </wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>

<wsdl:service name="EchoService">
  <wsdl:port name="EchoPort" binding="tns:EchoServiceSoapBinding">
    <soap:address location="http://localhost.localdomain:8080/echo/Echo"/>
  </wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>

Use wsconsume to generate Java classes for the deployed WSDL.

EAP_HOME/bin/wsconsume.sh -k http://localhost:8080/echo/Echo?wsdl

$ EAP_HOME/bin/wsconsume.sh -k http://localhost:8080/echo/Echo?wsdl

Notice how the EchoService.java class stores the location from which the WSDL was obtained.

@WebServiceClient(name = "EchoService",
                  wsdlLocation = "http://localhost:8080/echo/Echo?wsdl",
                  targetNamespace = "http://echo/")
public class EchoService extends Service {

    public final static URL WSDL_LOCATION;

    public final static QName SERVICE = new QName("http://echo/", "EchoService");
    public final static QName EchoPort = new QName("http://echo/", "EchoPort");

    ...

    @WebEndpoint(name = "EchoPort")
    public Echo getEchoPort() {
        return super.getPort(EchoPort, Echo.class);
    }

    @WebEndpoint(name = "EchoPort")
    public Echo getEchoPort(WebServiceFeature... features) {
        return super.getPort(EchoPort, Echo.class, features);
    }
}

@WebServiceClient(name = "EchoService",
                  wsdlLocation = "http://localhost:8080/echo/Echo?wsdl",
                  targetNamespace = "http://echo/")
public class EchoService extends Service {

    public final static URL WSDL_LOCATION;

    public final static QName SERVICE = new QName("http://echo/", "EchoService");
    public final static QName EchoPort = new QName("http://echo/", "EchoPort");

    ...

    @WebEndpoint(name = "EchoPort")
    public Echo getEchoPort() {
        return super.getPort(EchoPort, Echo.class);
    }

    @WebEndpoint(name = "EchoPort")
    public Echo getEchoPort(WebServiceFeature... features) {
        return super.getPort(EchoPort, Echo.class, features);
    }
}

As you can see, this generated class extends the main client entry point in JAX-WS, javax.xml.ws.Service. While you can use Service directly, this is far simpler since it provides the configuration information for you. Note the getEchoPort() method, which returns an instance of our service endpoint interface. Any web service operation can then be called by just invoking a method on the returned interface.

Write and compile the client:

import echo.*;

public class EchoClient {

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      if (args.length != 1) {
          System.err.println("usage: EchoClient <message>");
          System.exit(1);
      }

      EchoService service = new EchoService();
      Echo echo = service.getEchoPort();
      System.out.println("Server said: " + echo.echo(args0));
   }
}

import echo.*;

public class EchoClient {

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      if (args.length != 1) {
          System.err.println("usage: EchoClient <message>");
          System.exit(1);
      }

      EchoService service = new EchoService();
      Echo echo = service.getEchoPort();
      System.out.println("Server said: " + echo.echo(args0));
   }
}

You can change the endpoint address of your operation at runtime, by setting the ENDPOINT_ADDRESS_PROPERTY as shown below:

EchoService service = new EchoService();
Echo echo = service.getEchoPort();

/* Set NEW Endpoint Location */
String endpointURL = "http://NEW_ENDPOINT_URL";
BindingProvider bp = (BindingProvider)echo;
bp.getRequestContext().put(BindingProvider.ENDPOINT_ADDRESS_PROPERTY, endpointURL);

System.out.println("Server said: " + echo.echo(args0));

EchoService service = new EchoService();
Echo echo = service.getEchoPort();

/* Set NEW Endpoint Location */
String endpointURL = "http://NEW_ENDPOINT_URL";
BindingProvider bp = (BindingProvider)echo;
bp.getRequestContext().put(BindingProvider.ENDPOINT_ADDRESS_PROPERTY, endpointURL);

System.out.println("Server said: " + echo.echo(args0));

A JAX-WS web service endpoint is the server component of a web service. Clients and other web services communicate with it over the HTTP protocol using an XML language called Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The endpoint itself is deployed into the JBoss EAP container.

WSDL descriptors can be created in one of the following two ways:

An endpoint implementation bean is annotated with JAX-WS annotations and deployed to the server. The server automatically generates and publishes the abstract contract in WSDL format for client consumption. All marshalling and unmarshalling is delegated to the Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) service.

The endpoint itself might be a Plain Old Java Object (POJO) or a Java EE web application. You can also expose endpoints using an EJB3 stateless session bean. It is packaged into a web archive (WAR) file. The specification for packaging the endpoint, called a Java Service Endpoint (JSE) is defined in JSR-181.

@WebService
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class JSEBean {
    @WebMethod
    public String echo(String input) {
        ...
    }
}

@WebService
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class JSEBean {
    @WebMethod
    public String echo(String input) {
        ...
    }
}

<web-app ...>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>TestService</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.jsr181pojo.JSEBean01</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>TestService</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

<web-app ...>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>TestService</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.jsr181pojo.JSEBean01</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>TestService</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

The following EJB3 stateless session bean exposes the same method on the remote interface as well as an endpoint operation.

@Stateless
@Remote(EJB3RemoteInterface.class)

@WebService

@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class EJB3Bean implements EJB3RemoteInterface {
    @WebMethod
    public String echo(String input) {
        ...
    }
}

@Stateless
@Remote(EJB3RemoteInterface.class)

@WebService

@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class EJB3Bean implements EJB3RemoteInterface {
    @WebMethod
    public String echo(String input) {
        ...
    }
}

Service Endpoint Interface

JAX-WS services typically implement a Java service endpoint interface (SEI), which might be mapped from a WSDL port type, either directly or using annotations. This SEI provides a high-level abstraction that hides the details between Java objects and their XML representations.

Endpoint Provider Interface

In some cases, JAX-WS services need the ability to operate at the XML message level. The endpoint Provider interface provides this functionality to the web services that implement it.

Consuming and Accessing the Endpoint

After you deploy your web service, you can consume the WSDL to create the component stubs which will be the basis for your application. Your application can then access the endpoint to do its work.

A JAX-WS service endpoint is a server-side component that responds to requests from JAX-WS clients and publishes the WSDL definition for itself.

See the following quickstarts that ship with JBoss EAP for working examples of how to develop JAX-WS endpoint applications.

Development Requirements

A web service must fulfill the requirements of the JAX-WS API and the JSR 181: Web Services Metadata for the Java Platform specification. A valid implementation meets the following requirements:

The following is an example of a web service implementation that meets these requirements.

package org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.profile;

import javax.ejb.Stateless;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;

@Stateless

@WebService(
    name = "ProfileMgmt",
    targetNamespace = "http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile",
    serviceName = "ProfileMgmtService")
@SOAPBinding(parameterStyle = SOAPBinding.ParameterStyle.BARE)
public class ProfileMgmtBean {
    @WebMethod
    public DiscountResponse getCustomerDiscount(DiscountRequest request) {
        DiscountResponse dResponse = new DiscountResponse();
        dResponse.setCustomer(request.getCustomer());
        dResponse.setDiscount(10.00);
        return dResponse;
    }
}

package org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.profile;

import javax.ejb.Stateless;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;

@Stateless

@WebService(
    name = "ProfileMgmt",
    targetNamespace = "http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile",
    serviceName = "ProfileMgmtService")
@SOAPBinding(parameterStyle = SOAPBinding.ParameterStyle.BARE)
public class ProfileMgmtBean {
    @WebMethod
    public DiscountResponse getCustomerDiscount(DiscountRequest request) {
        DiscountResponse dResponse = new DiscountResponse();
        dResponse.setCustomer(request.getCustomer());
        dResponse.setDiscount(10.00);
        return dResponse;
    }
}

The following is an example of the DiscountRequest class that is used by the ProfileMgmtBean bean in the previous example. The annotations are included for verbosity. Typically, the JAXB defaults are reasonable and do not need to be specified.

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.profile;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;

import org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.Customer;

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(
  name = "discountRequest",
  namespace="http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile",
  propOrder = { "customer" }
)
public class DiscountRequest {

   protected Customer customer;

   public DiscountRequest() {
   }

   public DiscountRequest(Customer customer) {
      this.customer = customer;
   }

   public Customer getCustomer() {
      return customer;
   }

   public void setCustomer(Customer value) {
      this.customer = value;
   }

}

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.profile;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;

import org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.Customer;

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(
  name = "discountRequest",
  namespace="http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile",
  propOrder = { "customer" }
)
public class DiscountRequest {

   protected Customer customer;

   public DiscountRequest() {
   }

   public DiscountRequest(Customer customer) {
      this.customer = customer;
   }

   public Customer getCustomer() {
      return customer;
   }

   public void setCustomer(Customer value) {
      this.customer = value;
   }

}

Packaging Your Deployment

The implementation class is wrapped in a JAR deployment. Any metadata required for deployment is taken from the annotations on the implementation class and the service endpoint interface. You can deploy the JAR using the management CLI or the management console, and the HTTP endpoint is created automatically.

The following listing shows an example of the structure for a JAR deployment of an EJB web service.

jar -tf jaxws-samples-retail.jar

$ jar -tf jaxws-samples-retail.jar
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountRequest.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountResponse.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ObjectFactory.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmt.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmtBean.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmtService.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/package-info.class

After creating a web service endpoint, either manually or using JAX-WS annotations, you can access its WSDL. This WSDL can be used to create the basic client application that will communicate with the web service. The process of generating Java code from the published WSDL is called consuming the web service. This happens in the following phases:

Create the Client Artifacts

Before you can create client artifacts, you need to create your WSDL contract. The following WSDL contract is used for the examples presented in the rest of this section.

The examples below rely on having this WSDL contract in the ProfileMgmtService.wsdl file.

<definitions
    name='ProfileMgmtService'
    targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
    xmlns='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/'
    xmlns:ns1='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
    xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/'
    xmlns:tns='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
    xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>

   <types>

      <xs:schema targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
                 version='1.0' xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>
         <xs:complexType name='customer'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='creditCardDetails' type='xs:string'/>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='firstName' type='xs:string'/>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='lastName' type='xs:string'/>
            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
      </xs:schema>

      <xs:schema
          targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
          version='1.0'
          xmlns:ns1='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
          xmlns:tns='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
          xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>

         <xs:import namespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'/>
         <xs:element name='getCustomerDiscount'
                     nillable='true' type='tns:discountRequest'/>
         <xs:element name='getCustomerDiscountResponse'
                     nillable='true' type='tns:discountResponse'/>
         <xs:complexType name='discountRequest'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='customer' type='ns1:customer'/>

            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
         <xs:complexType name='discountResponse'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='customer' type='ns1:customer'/>
               <xs:element name='discount' type='xs:double'/>
            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
      </xs:schema>

   </types>

   <message name='ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscount'>
      <part element='tns:getCustomerDiscount' name='getCustomerDiscount'/>
   </message>
   <message name='ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscountResponse'>
      <part element='tns:getCustomerDiscountResponse'
            name='getCustomerDiscountResponse'/>
   </message>
   <portType name='ProfileMgmt'>
      <operation name='getCustomerDiscount'
                 parameterOrder='getCustomerDiscount'>

         <input message='tns:ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscount'/>
         <output message='tns:ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscountResponse'/>
      </operation>
   </portType>
   <binding name='ProfileMgmtBinding' type='tns:ProfileMgmt'>
      <soap:binding style='document'
                    transport='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http'/>
      <operation name='getCustomerDiscount'>
         <soap:operation soapAction=''/>
         <input>

            <soap:body use='literal'/>
         </input>
         <output>
            <soap:body use='literal'/>
         </output>
      </operation>
   </binding>
   <service name='ProfileMgmtService'>
      <port binding='tns:ProfileMgmtBinding' name='ProfileMgmtPort'>

         <!-- service address will be rewritten to actual one when WSDL is requested from running server -->
         <soap:address location='http://SERVER:PORT/jaxws-retail/ProfileMgmtBean'/>
      </port>
   </service>
</definitions>

<definitions
    name='ProfileMgmtService'
    targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
    xmlns='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/'
    xmlns:ns1='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
    xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/'
    xmlns:tns='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
    xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>

   <types>

      <xs:schema targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
                 version='1.0' xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>
         <xs:complexType name='customer'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='creditCardDetails' type='xs:string'/>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='firstName' type='xs:string'/>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='lastName' type='xs:string'/>
            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
      </xs:schema>

      <xs:schema
          targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
          version='1.0'
          xmlns:ns1='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
          xmlns:tns='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
          xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>

         <xs:import namespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'/>
         <xs:element name='getCustomerDiscount'
                     nillable='true' type='tns:discountRequest'/>
         <xs:element name='getCustomerDiscountResponse'
                     nillable='true' type='tns:discountResponse'/>
         <xs:complexType name='discountRequest'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='customer' type='ns1:customer'/>

            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
         <xs:complexType name='discountResponse'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='customer' type='ns1:customer'/>
               <xs:element name='discount' type='xs:double'/>
            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
      </xs:schema>

   </types>

   <message name='ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscount'>
      <part element='tns:getCustomerDiscount' name='getCustomerDiscount'/>
   </message>
   <message name='ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscountResponse'>
      <part element='tns:getCustomerDiscountResponse'
            name='getCustomerDiscountResponse'/>
   </message>
   <portType name='ProfileMgmt'>
      <operation name='getCustomerDiscount'
                 parameterOrder='getCustomerDiscount'>

         <input message='tns:ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscount'/>
         <output message='tns:ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscountResponse'/>
      </operation>
   </portType>
   <binding name='ProfileMgmtBinding' type='tns:ProfileMgmt'>
      <soap:binding style='document'
                    transport='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http'/>
      <operation name='getCustomerDiscount'>
         <soap:operation soapAction=''/>
         <input>

            <soap:body use='literal'/>
         </input>
         <output>
            <soap:body use='literal'/>
         </output>
      </operation>
   </binding>
   <service name='ProfileMgmtService'>
      <port binding='tns:ProfileMgmtBinding' name='ProfileMgmtPort'>

         <!-- service address will be rewritten to actual one when WSDL is requested from running server -->
         <soap:address location='http://SERVER:PORT/jaxws-retail/ProfileMgmtBean'/>
      </port>
   </service>
</definitions>

The wsconsume.sh or wsconsume.bat tool is used to consume the abstract contract (WSDL) and produce annotated Java classes and optional sources that define it. The tool is located in the EAP_HOME/bin/ directory.

./wsconsume.sh --help

$ ./wsconsume.sh --help
WSConsumeTask is a cmd line tool that generates portable JAX-WS artifacts from a WSDL file.

usage: org.jboss.ws.tools.cmd.WSConsume [options] <wsdl-url>

options:
    -h, --help                  Show this help message
    -b, --binding=<file>        One or more JAX-WS or JAXB binding files
    -k, --keep                  Keep/Generate Java source
    -c  --catalog=<file>        Oasis XML Catalog file for entity resolution
    -p  --package=<name>        The target package for generated source
    -w  --wsdlLocation=<loc>    Value to use for @WebService.wsdlLocation
    -o, --output=<directory>    The directory to put generated artifacts
    -s, --source=<directory>    The directory to put Java source
    -t, --target=<2.0|2.1|2.2>  The JAX-WS specification target
    -q, --quiet                 Be somewhat more quiet
    -v, --verbose               Show full exception stack traces
    -l, --load-consumer         Load the consumer and exit (debug utility)
    -e, --extension             Enable SOAP 1.2 binding extension
    -a, --additionalHeaders     Enable processing of implicit SOAP headers
    -n, --nocompile             Do not compile generated sources

The following command generates the source .java files listed in the output, from the ProfileMgmtService.wsdl file. The sources use the directory structure of the package, which is specified with the -p switch.

[user@host bin]$
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/Customer.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountRequest.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountResponse.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ObjectFactory.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmt.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmtService.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/package-info.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/Customer.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountRequest.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountResponse.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ObjectFactory.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmt.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmtService.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/package-info.class

Both .java source files and compiled .class files are generated into the output/ directory within the directory where you run the command.

The wsconsume command generates all custom data types (JAXB annotated classes), the service endpoint interface, and a service factory class. These artifacts are used to build web service client implementations.

Construct a Service Stub

Web service clients use service stubs to abstract the details of a remote web service invocation. To a client application, a web service invocation looks like an invocation of any other business component. In this case the service endpoint interface acts as the business interface, and a service factory class is not used to construct it as a service stub.

The following example first creates a service factory using the WSDL location and the service name. Next, it uses the service endpoint interface created by wsconsume to build the service stub. Finally, the stub can be used just as any other business interface would be.

You can find the WSDL URL for your endpoint in the JBoss EAP management console. Select the Runtime tab, select your server, then under Subsystems, select Web Services and click View. Go to the Attributes tab to review the deployment details.

import javax.xml.ws.Service;
[...]
Service service = Service.create(
new URL("http://example.org/service?wsdl"),
new QName("MyService")
);
ProfileMgmt profileMgmt = service.getPort(ProfileMgmt.class);

// Use the service stub in your application

import javax.xml.ws.Service;
[...]
Service service = Service.create(
new URL("http://example.org/service?wsdl"),
new QName("MyService")
);
ProfileMgmt profileMgmt = service.getPort(ProfileMgmt.class);

// Use the service stub in your application

The client communicates with, and requests work from, the JAX-WS endpoint, which is deployed in the Java Enterprise Edition 7 container. For detailed information about the classes, methods, and other implementation details mentioned below, see the relevant sections of the Javadocs bundle included with JBoss EAP.

Overview

A Service is an abstraction which represents a WSDL service. A WSDL service is a collection of related ports, each of which includes a port type bound to a particular protocol and a particular endpoint address.

Usually, the Service is generated when the rest of the component stubs are generated from an existing WSDL contract. The WSDL contract is available via the WSDL URL of the deployed endpoint, or can be created from the endpoint source using the wsprovide tool in the EAP_HOME/bin/ directory.

This type of usage is referred to as the static use case. In this case, you create instances of the Service class which is created as one of the component stubs.

You can also create the service manually, using the Service.create method. This is referred to as the dynamic use case.

Usage

Static Use Case

The static use case for a JAX-WS client assumes that you already have a WSDL contract. This might be generated by an external tool or generated by using the correct JAX-WS annotations when you create your JAX-WS endpoint.

To generate your component stubs, you use the wsconsume tool included in EAP_HOME/bin. The tool takes the WSDL URL or file as a parameter, and generates multiple files, structured in a directory tree. The source and class files representing your Service are named _Service.java and _Service.class, respectively.

The generated implementation class has two public constructors, one with no arguments and one with two arguments. The two arguments represent the WSDL location (a java.net.URL) and the service name (a javax.xml.namespace.QName) respectively.

The no-argument constructor is the one used most often. In this case the WSDL location and service name are those found in the WSDL. These are set implicitly from the @WebServiceClient annotation that decorates the generated class.

@WebServiceClient(name="StockQuoteService", targetNamespace="http://example.com/stocks", wsdlLocation="http://example.com/stocks.wsdl")
public class StockQuoteService extends javax.xml.ws.Service
{
   public StockQuoteService() {
      super(new URL("http://example.com/stocks.wsdl"), new QName("http://example.com/stocks", "StockQuoteService"));
   }

   public StockQuoteService(String wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) {
      super(wsdlLocation, serviceName);
   }
   ...
}

@WebServiceClient(name="StockQuoteService", targetNamespace="http://example.com/stocks", wsdlLocation="http://example.com/stocks.wsdl")
public class StockQuoteService extends javax.xml.ws.Service
{
   public StockQuoteService() {
      super(new URL("http://example.com/stocks.wsdl"), new QName("http://example.com/stocks", "StockQuoteService"));
   }

   public StockQuoteService(String wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) {
      super(wsdlLocation, serviceName);
   }
   ...
}

For details about how to obtain a port from the service and how to invoke an operation on the port, see Dynamic Proxy. For details about how to work with the XML payload directly or with the XML representation of the entire SOAP message, see Dispatch.

Dynamic Use Case

In the dynamic case, no stubs are generated automatically. Instead, a web service client uses the Service.create method to create Service instances. The following code fragment illustrates this process.

URL wsdlLocation = new URL("http://example.org/my.wsdl");
QName serviceName = new QName("http://example.org/sample", "MyService");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlLocation, serviceName);

URL wsdlLocation = new URL("http://example.org/my.wsdl");
QName serviceName = new QName("http://example.org/sample", "MyService");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlLocation, serviceName);

Handler Resolver

JAX-WS provides a flexible plug-in framework for message processing modules, known as handlers. These handlers extend the capabilities of a JAX-WS runtime system. A Service instance provides access to a HandlerResolver via a pair of getHandlerResolver and setHandlerResolver methods that can configure a set of handlers on a per-service, per-port or per-protocol binding basis.

When a Service instance creates a proxy or a Dispatch instance, the handler resolver currently registered with the service creates the required handler chain. Subsequent changes to the handler resolver configured for a Service instance do not affect the handlers on previously created proxies or Dispatch instances.

Executor

Service instances can be configured with a java.util.concurrent.Executor. The Executor invokes any asynchronous callbacks requested by the application. The setExecutor and getExecutor methods of Service can modify and retrieve the Executor configured for a service.

Dynamic Proxy

A dynamic proxy is an instance of a client proxy using one of the getPort methods provided in the Service. The portName specifies the name of the WSDL port the service uses. The serviceEndpointInterface specifies the service endpoint interface supported by the created dynamic proxy instance.

public <T> T getPort(QName portName, Class<T> serviceEndpointInterface)
public <T> T getPort(Class<T> serviceEndpointInterface)

public <T> T getPort(QName portName, Class<T> serviceEndpointInterface)
public <T> T getPort(Class<T> serviceEndpointInterface)

The Service Endpoint Interface is usually generated using the wsconsume tool, which parses the WSDL and creates Java classes from it.

A typed method, which returns a port, is also provided. These methods also return dynamic proxies that implement the SEI. See the following example.

@WebServiceClient(name = "TestEndpointService", targetNamespace = "http://org.jboss.ws/wsref",
   wsdlLocation = "http://localhost.localdomain:8080/jaxws-samples-webserviceref?wsdl")

public class TestEndpointService extends Service {
    ...

    public TestEndpointService(URL wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) {
        super(wsdlLocation, serviceName);
    }

    @WebEndpoint(name = "TestEndpointPort")
    public TestEndpoint getTestEndpointPort() {
        return (TestEndpoint)super.getPort(TESTENDPOINTPORT, TestEndpoint.class);
    }
}

@WebServiceClient(name = "TestEndpointService", targetNamespace = "http://org.jboss.ws/wsref",
   wsdlLocation = "http://localhost.localdomain:8080/jaxws-samples-webserviceref?wsdl")

public class TestEndpointService extends Service {
    ...

    public TestEndpointService(URL wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) {
        super(wsdlLocation, serviceName);
    }

    @WebEndpoint(name = "TestEndpointPort")
    public TestEndpoint getTestEndpointPort() {
        return (TestEndpoint)super.getPort(TESTENDPOINTPORT, TestEndpoint.class);
    }
}

@WebServiceRef

The @WebServiceRef annotation declares a reference to a web service. It follows the resource pattern shown by the javax.annotation.Resource annotation defined in JSR 250.

Dispatch

XML web services use XML messages for communication between the endpoint, which is deployed in the Java EE container, and any clients. The XML messages use an XML language called Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The JAX-WS API provides the mechanisms for the endpoint and clients to each be able to send and receive SOAP messages. Marshalling is the process of converting a Java Object into a SOAP XML message. Unmarshalling is the process of converting the SOAP XML message back into a Java Object.

In some cases, you need access to the raw SOAP messages themselves, rather than the result of the conversion. The Dispatch class provides this functionality. Dispatch operates in one of two usage modes, which are identified by one of the following constants.

Dispatch is a low-level API which requires clients to structure messages or payloads as XML, with strict adherence to the standards of the individual protocol and a detailed knowledge of message or payload structure. Dispatch is a generic class which supports input and output of messages or message payloads of any type.

Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
Dispatch dispatch = service.createDispatch(portName, StreamSource.class, Mode.PAYLOAD);

String payload = "<ns1:ping xmlns:ns1='http://oneway.samples.jaxws.ws.test.jboss.org/'/>";
dispatch.invokeOneWay(new StreamSource(new StringReader(payload)));

payload = "<ns1:feedback xmlns:ns1='http://oneway.samples.jaxws.ws.test.jboss.org/'/>";
Source retObj = (Source)dispatch.invoke(new StreamSource(new StringReader(payload)));

Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
Dispatch dispatch = service.createDispatch(portName, StreamSource.class, Mode.PAYLOAD);

String payload = "<ns1:ping xmlns:ns1='http://oneway.samples.jaxws.ws.test.jboss.org/'/>";
dispatch.invokeOneWay(new StreamSource(new StringReader(payload)));

payload = "<ns1:feedback xmlns:ns1='http://oneway.samples.jaxws.ws.test.jboss.org/'/>";
Source retObj = (Source)dispatch.invoke(new StreamSource(new StringReader(payload)));

Asynchronous Invocations

The BindingProvider interface represents a component that provides a protocol binding which clients can use. It is implemented by proxies and is extended by the Dispatch interface.

BindingProvider instances might provide asynchronous operation capabilities. Asynchronous operation invocations are decoupled from the BindingProvider instance at invocation time. The response context is not updated when the operation completes. Instead, a separate response context is made available using the Response interface.

public void testInvokeAsync() throws Exception {
   URL wsdlURL = new URL("http://" + getServerHost() + ":8080/jaxws-samples-asynchronous?wsdl");
   QName serviceName = new QName(targetNS, "TestEndpointService");
   Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
   TestEndpoint port = service.getPort(TestEndpoint.class);
   Response response = port.echoAsync("Async");
   // access future
   String retStr = (String) response.get();
   assertEquals("Async", retStr);
}

public void testInvokeAsync() throws Exception {
   URL wsdlURL = new URL("http://" + getServerHost() + ":8080/jaxws-samples-asynchronous?wsdl");
   QName serviceName = new QName(targetNS, "TestEndpointService");
   Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
   TestEndpoint port = service.getPort(TestEndpoint.class);
   Response response = port.echoAsync("Async");
   // access future
   String retStr = (String) response.get();
   assertEquals("Async", retStr);
}

@Oneway Invocations

The @Oneway annotation indicates that the given web method takes an input message but returns no output message. Usually, a @Oneway method returns the thread of control to the calling application before the business method is executed.

@WebService (name="PingEndpoint")
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class PingEndpointImpl {
   private static String feedback;

   @WebMethod
   @Oneway
   public void ping() {
      log.info("ping");
      feedback = "ok";
   }

   @WebMethod
   public String feedback() {
      log.info("feedback");
      return feedback;
   }
}

@WebService (name="PingEndpoint")
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class PingEndpointImpl {
   private static String feedback;

   @WebMethod
   @Oneway
   public void ping() {
      log.info("ping");
      feedback = "ok";
   }

   @WebMethod
   public String feedback() {
      log.info("feedback");
      return feedback;
   }
}

Timeout Configuration

Two different properties control the timeout behavior of the HTTP connection and the timeout of a client which is waiting to receive a message. The first is javax.xml.ws.client.connectionTimeout and the second is javax.xml.ws.client.receiveTimeout. Each is expressed in milliseconds, and the correct syntax is shown below.

public void testConfigureTimeout() throws Exception {
   //Set timeout until a connection is established
   ((BindingProvider)port).getRequestContext().put("javax.xml.ws.client.connectionTimeout", "6000");

   //Set timeout until the response is received
   ((BindingProvider) port).getRequestContext().put("javax.xml.ws.client.receiveTimeout", "1000");

   port.echo("testTimeout");
}

public void testConfigureTimeout() throws Exception {
   //Set timeout until a connection is established
   ((BindingProvider)port).getRequestContext().put("javax.xml.ws.client.connectionTimeout", "6000");

   //Set timeout until the response is received
   ((BindingProvider) port).getRequestContext().put("javax.xml.ws.client.receiveTimeout", "1000");

   port.echo("testTimeout");
}

JBossWS enables extra setup configuration data to be predefined and associated with an endpoint implementation. Predefined endpoint configurations can be used for JAX-WS client and JAX-WS endpoint setup. Endpoint configurations can include JAX-WS handlers and key/value properties declarations. This feature provides a convenient way to add handlers to web service endpoints and to set key/value properties that control JBossWS and Apache CXF internals.

The webservices subsystem allows you to define named sets of endpoint configuration data. Each endpoint configuration must have a unique name within the subsystem. The org.jboss.ws.api.annotation.EndpointConfig annotation can then be used to assign an endpoint configuration to a JAX-WS implementation in a deployed application. See Assigning a Configuration for more information on assigning endpoint configurations.

There are two predefined endpoint configurations in the default JBoss EAP configuration:

Add an Endpoint Configuration

You can add a new endpoint configuration using the management CLI.

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config:add

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config:add

Configure an Endpoint Configuration

You can add key/value property declarations for the endpoint configuration using the management CLI.

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=Standard-Endpoint-Config/property=PROPERTY_NAME:add(value=PROPERTY_VALUE)

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=Standard-Endpoint-Config/property=PROPERTY_NAME:add(value=PROPERTY_VALUE)

You can also configure handler chains and handlers for these endpoint configurations.

Remove an Endpoint Configuration

You can remove a endpoint configuration using the management CLI.

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config:remove

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config:remove

Each endpoint configuration can be associated with PRE or POST handler chains. Each handler chain may include JAX-WS-compliant handlers to perform additional processing on messages. For outbound messages, PRE handler chain handlers are executed before any handler attached to the endpoints using standard JAX-WS means, such as the @HandlerChain annotation. POST handler chain handlers are executed after usual endpoint handlers. For inbound messages, the opposite applies.

Endpoint --> PRE Handlers --> Endpoint Handlers --> POST Handlers --> ... --> Client

Endpoint --> PRE Handlers --> Endpoint Handlers --> POST Handlers --> ... --> Client