2.2. Hypervisor Requirements
2.2.1. CPU Requirements
All CPUs must have support for the Intel® 64 or AMD64 CPU extensions, and the AMD-V™ or Intel VT® hardware virtualization extensions enabled. Support for the No eXecute flag (NX) is also required.
| AMD | Intel | IBM |
|---|---|---|
| AMD Opteron G1 | Intel Conroe | IBM POWER8 |
| AMD Opteron G2 | Intel Penryn | |
| AMD Opteron G3 | Intel Nehalem | |
| AMD Opteron G4 | Intel Westmere | |
| AMD Opteron G5 | Intel Sandybridge | |
| Intel Haswell |
Procedure 2.1. Checking if a Processor Supports the Required Flags
You must enable Virtualization in the BIOS. Power off and reboot the host after this change to ensure that the change is applied.
- At the Red Hat Enterprise Linux or Red Hat Virtualization Host boot screen, press any key and select the Boot or Boot with serial console entry from the list.
- Press Tab to edit the kernel parameters for the selected option.
- Ensure there is a Space after the last kernel parameter listed, and append the
rescueparameter. - Press Enter to boot into rescue mode.
- At the prompt which appears, determine that your processor has the required extensions and that they are enabled by running this command:
# grep -E 'svm|vmx' /proc/cpuinfo | grep nx
If any output is shown, then the processor is hardware virtualization capable. If no output is shown, then it is still possible that your processor supports hardware virtualization. In some circumstances manufacturers disable the virtualization extensions in the BIOS. If you believe this to be the case, consult the system's BIOS and the motherboard manual provided by the manufacturer.
2.2.2. Memory Requirements
The amount of RAM required varies depending on guest operating system requirements, guest application requirements, and memory activity and usage of guests. You also need to take into account that KVM is able to overcommit physical RAM for virtualized guests. This allows for provisioning of guests with RAM requirements greater than what is physically present, on the basis that the guests are not all concurrently at peak load. KVM does this by only allocating RAM for guests as required and shifting underutilized guests into swap.
| Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|
| 2 GB of RAM | 2 TB of RAM |
2.2.3. Storage Requirements
Hosts require local storage to store configuration, logs, kernel dumps, and for use as swap space. The minimum storage requirements of Red Hat Virtualization Host are documented in this section. The storage requirements for Red Hat Enterprise Linux hosts vary based on the amount of disk space used by their existing configuration but are expected to be greater than those of Red Hat Virtualization Host.
| / | /boot | /var | swap | Minimum Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 GB | 1 GB | 15 GB | 1 GB | 23 GB |
Important
If you are also installing the RHV-M Virtual Appliance for self-hosted engine installation, the /var partition must be at least 60 GB.
For the recommended swap size, see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/15244.
2.2.4. PCI Device Requirements
Hosts must have at least one network interface with a minimum bandwidth of 1 Gbps. It is recommended that each host have two network interfaces with one dedicated to support network intensive activities such as virtual machine migration. The performance of such operations are limited by the bandwidth available.
2.2.5. Hardware Considerations For Device Assignment
If you plan to implement device assignment and PCI passthrough so that a virtual machine can use a specific PCIe device from a host, ensure the following requirements are met:
- CPU must support IOMMU (for example, VT-d or AMD-Vi). IBM POWER8 supports IOMMU by default.
- Firmware must support IOMMU.
- CPU root ports used must support ACS or ACS-equivalent capability.
- PCIe device must support ACS or ACS-equivalent capability.
- It is recommended that all PCIe switches and bridges between the PCIe device and the root port should support ACS. For example, if a switch does not support ACS, all devices behind that switch share the same IOMMU group, and can only be assigned to the same virtual machine.
- For GPU support, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 supports PCI device assignment of NVIDIA K-Series Quadro (model 2000 series or higher), GRID, and Tesla as non-VGA graphics devices. Currently up to two GPUs may be attached to a virtual machine in addition to one of the standard, emulated VGA interfaces. The emulated VGA is used for pre-boot and installation and the NVIDIA GPU takes over when the NVIDIA graphics drivers are loaded. Note that the NVIDIA Quadro 2000 is not supported, nor is the Quadro K420 card.
Refer to vendor specification and datasheets to confirm that hardware meets these requirements. After you have installed a host, see Appendix G, Configuring a Host for PCI Passthrough for more information on how to enable the host hardware and software for device passthrough.
To implement SR-IOV, see https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en/red-hat-virtualization/4.0/single/hardware-considerations-for-implementing-sr-iov/ for more information.
The
lspci -v command can be used to print information for PCI devices already installed on a system.
