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Chapter 12. Using special characters in GNOME

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In GNOME, you can use the Compose Key to type special characters from different languages and symbol sets, including those not available on your keyboard. You can enter and view special characters from different languages and symbol sets, making it easy to work with diverse character sets in GNOME.

To input these special characters, you can define one of the existing keys on your keyboard as a Compose Key. Once enabled, the Compose Key allows you to type special characters and symbols by pressing multiple keys in a specific sequence.

12.1. Enabling the Compose key for an individual user with the Tweaks application

To enable the Compose key for an individual user by Tweaks application follow these steps.

Prerequisites

  • The Tweaks application is installed on your system.

    # yum install gnome-tweaks

Procedure

  1. Open the Tweaks application.
  2. Select Keyboard & Mouse in the side bar.
  3. Enable Compose Key.
  4. Choose which key from the listed keys triggers the Compose functionality.

    enabling compose key

12.2. Enabling the Compose Key for another user

You can enable the Compose Key for another user with the gsettings utility.

Prerequisites

  • Administrative access.

Procedure

  1. Allow all clients to connect to the X server:

    # xhost +
  2. Run the following command to set the Compose Key:

    # su - <username> -c "gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options \"['compose:<compose_key>']\""

    Replace <username> with the username of the user for whom you want to enable the Compose Key. Replace <compose_key> with the key you want to use as the Compose Key. You can use the ralt option to designate the right Alt key as the Compose Key.

    To see other Compose Key options that you can use to set up a Compose Key on your keyboard, use:

    $ grep compose /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.lst
  3. Resets the access control:

    # xhost -

Verification

  • To check the Compose Key settings for another user, use:

    # su - <username> -c "gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options"

    Replace <username> with the username of the user for whom you want to check the Compose Key setting.

12.3. Enabling the Compose key for all users

To enable the Compose key for all users, follow these steps.

Procedure

  1. Open the /etc/dconf/db/local.d/00-input-sources file as the root user.
  2. Enter the following content in the file:

    [org/gnome/desktop/input-sources]
    # Enable the Compose key
    xkb-options=['compose:selected-key']

    Replace selected-key with the key that triggers Compose. For example, use ralt to set the right Alt key.

  3. To override the user’s Compose settings and prevent the user from changing them, create the /etc/dconf/db/local.d/locks/input-sources file and enter the following:

    # Lock the list of enabled XKB options
    /org/gnome/desktop/input-sources/xkb-options
  4. Update the system databases for the changes to take effect:

    # dconf update
  5. Users must log out and back in again before the system-wide settings take effect.

Additional resources

  • See the xkeyboard-config(7) man page for the names of other keys.

12.4. Compose Key sequences for special characters

The table showcases Compose Key sequences used to input special characters with diacritics or accents in GNOME. Each row displays a Compose Key sequence alongside its corresponding result

Table 12.1. Compose Key sequences for special characters
Compose Key SequenceResult

Compose+'+letter

Letter with acute accent (é, á, ñ)

Compose+`+letter

Letter with grave accent (è, ù, ò)

Compose+"+letter

Letter with umlaut or diaeresis (ë, ö, ü)

Compose+-+letter

Letter with macron (ā, ē, ō)

Compose+/+letter

Letter with stroke or diacritic (ø, ł, ǿ)

Compose+=+letter

Letter with double acute accent (ő, ű, ȁ)

Compose+.+letter

Letter with dot above (ȧ, ċ, ḋ)

Compose+,+letter

Letter with cedilla (ç, ş, ņ)

Compose+^+letter

Letter with circumflex accent (â, ê, î)

Compose+~+letter

Letter with tilde accent (ã, ñ, õ)

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