16.8. DRL のルール条件 (WHEN)

ネストされたオブジェクトが使用されるパターンの例

// Ungrouped property accessors:
Person( name == "mark", address.city == "london", address.country == "uk" )

// Grouped property accessors:
Person( name == "mark", address.( city == "london", country == "uk") )

サブタイプへのインラインキャストを使用したパターンの例

// Inline casting with subtype name:
Person( name == "mark", address#LongAddress.country == "uk" )

// Inline casting with fully qualified class name:
Person( name == "mark", address#org.domain.LongAddress.country == "uk" )

// Multiple inline casts:
Person( name == "mark", address#LongAddress.country#DetailedCountry.population > 10000000 )

null 安全な逆参照を使用した制約の例

Person( $streetName : address!.street )

// This is internally rewritten in the following way:

Person( address != null, $streetName : address.street )

List および Map アクセスを使用する制約の例

// The following format is the same as `childList(0).getAge() == 18`:
Person(childList[0].age == 18)

// The following format is the same as `credentialMap.get("jdoe").isValid()`:
Person(credentialMap["jdoe"].valid)

before 演算子を使用した制約の例

Person( birthDate < $otherBirthDate )

Person( firstName < $otherFirstName )

null 安全な等価性を使用する制約の例

Person( firstName == "John" )

// This is similar to the following formats:

java.util.Objects.equals(person.getFirstName(), "John")
"John".equals(person.getFirstName())

null 安全な非等価性を使用する制約の例

Person( firstName != "John" )

// This is similar to the following format:

!java.util.Objects.equals(person.getFirstName(), "John")

略記組合せ比較を使用する制約の例

// Simple abbreviated combined relation condition using a single `&&`:
Person(age > 30 && < 40)

// Complex abbreviated combined relation using groupings:
Person(age ((> 30 && < 40) || (> 20 && < 25)))

// Mixing abbreviated combined relation with constraint connectives:
Person(age > 30 && < 40 || location == "london")

正規表現と一致する制約または一致しない制約の例

Person( country matches "(USA)?\\S*UK" )

Person( country not matches "(USA)?\\S*UK" )

コレクションに対して contains および not contains が使用された制約の例

// Collection with a specified field:
FamilyTree( countries contains "UK" )

FamilyTree( countries not contains "UK" )


// Collection with a variable:
FamilyTree( countries contains $var )

FamilyTree( countries not contains $var )

String リテラルに対して contains および not contains が使用された制約の例

// Sting literal with a specified field:
Person( fullName contains "Jr" )

Person( fullName not contains "Jr" )


// String literal with a variable:
Person( fullName contains $var )

Person( fullName not contains $var )

コレクションと memberOf および not memberOf を使用する制約の例

FamilyTree( person memberOf $europeanDescendants )

FamilyTree( person not memberOf $europeanDescendants )

soundslike を使用した制約の例

// Match firstName "Jon" or "John":
Person( firstName soundslike "John" )

str を使用する制約の例

// Verify what the String starts with:
Message( routingValue str[startsWith] "R1" )

// Verify what the String ends with:
Message( routingValue str[endsWith] "R2" )

// Verify the length of the String:
Message( routingValue str[length] 17 )

in および notin を使用した制約の例

Person( $color : favoriteColor )
Color( type in ( "red", "blue", $color ) )

Person( $color : favoriteColor )
Color( type notin ( "red", "blue", $color ) )

and を使用したパターンの例

//Infix `and`:
Color( colorType : type ) and Person( favoriteColor == colorType )

//Infix `and` with grouping:
(Color( colorType : type ) and (Person( favoriteColor == colorType ) or Person( favoriteColor == colorType ))

// Prefix `and`:
(and Color( colorType : type ) Person( favoriteColor == colorType ))

// Default implicit `and`:
Color( colorType : type )
Person( favoriteColor == colorType )

or を使用したパターンの例

//Infix `or`:
Color( colorType : type ) or Person( favoriteColor == colorType )

//Infix `or` with grouping:
(Color( colorType : type ) or (Person( favoriteColor == colorType ) and Person( favoriteColor == colorType ))

// Prefix `or`:
(or Color( colorType : type ) Person( favoriteColor == colorType ))

or とパターンのバインディングを使用したパターンの例

pensioner : (Person( sex == "f", age > 60 ) or Person( sex == "m", age > 65 ))

(or pensioner : Person( sex == "f", age > 60 )
    pensioner : Person( sex == "m", age > 65 ))

exists を使用したパターンの例

exists Person( firstName == "John")

exists (Person( firstName == "John", age == 42 ))

exists (Person( firstName == "John" ) and
        Person( lastName == "Doe" ))

not を使用したパターンの例

not Person( firstName == "John")

not (Person( firstName == "John", age == 42 ))

not (Person( firstName == "John" ) and
     Person( lastName == "Doe" ))

forall を使用したルールの例

rule "All full-time employees have red ID badges"
  when
    forall( $emp : Employee( type == "fulltime" )
                   Employee( this == $emp, badgeColor = "red" ) )
  then
    // True, all full-time employees have red ID badges.
end

forall と 1 つのパターンを使用するルールの例

rule "All full-time employees have red ID badges"
  when
    forall( Employee( badgeColor = "red" ) )
  then
    // True, all full-time employees have red ID badges.
end

forall と複数のパターンを使用するルールの例

rule "All employees have health and dental care programs"
  when
    forall( $emp : Employee()
            HealthCare( employee == $emp )
            DentalCare( employee == $emp )
          )
  then
    // True, all employees have health and dental care.
end

forall と not を使用するルールの例

rule "Not all employees have health and dental care"
  when
    not ( forall( $emp : Employee()
                  HealthCare( employee == $emp )
                  DentalCare( employee == $emp ) )
        )
  then
    // True, not all employees have health and dental care.
end

from およびパターンのバインディングを使用するルールの例

rule "Validate zipcode"
  when
    Person( $personAddress : address )
    Address( zipcode == "23920W" ) from $personAddress
  then
    // Zip code is okay.
end

from とグラフ表記を使用するルールの例

rule "Validate zipcode"
  when
    $p : Person()
    $a : Address( zipcode == "23920W" ) from $p.address
  then
    // Zip code is okay.
end

すべてのオブジェクトに対して反復処理される from のルールの例

rule "Apply 10% discount to all items over US$ 100 in an order"
  when
    $order : Order()
    $item  : OrderItem( value > 100 ) from $order.items
  then
    // Apply discount to `$item`.
end

from および lock-on-active ルール属性を使用するルールの例

rule "Assign people in North Carolina (NC) to sales region 1"
  ruleflow-group "test"
  lock-on-active true
  when
    $p : Person()
    $a : Address( state == "NC" ) from $p.address
  then
    modify ($p) {} // Assign the person to sales region 1.
end

rule "Apply a discount to people in the city of Raleigh"
  ruleflow-group "test"
  lock-on-active true
  when
    $p : Person()
    $a : Address( city == "Raleigh" ) from $p.address
  then
    modify ($p) {} // Apply discount to the person.
end

from が適切に使用されていないルールと適切に使用されているルールの例

// Do not use `from` in this way:
rule R
  when
    $l : List()
    String() from $l
    (String() or Number())
  then
    // Actions
end

// Use `from` in this way instead:
rule R
  when
    $l : List()
    (String() from $l)
    (String() or Number())
  then
    // Actions
end

from entry-point を使用したルールの例

rule "Authorize withdrawal"
  when
    WithdrawRequest( $ai : accountId, $am : amount ) from entry-point "ATM Stream"
    CheckingAccount( accountId == $ai, balance > $am )
  then
    // Authorize withdrawal.
end

EntryPoint オブジェクトが使用され、ファクトが挿入された Java アプリケーションコードの例

import org.kie.api.runtime.KieSession;
import org.kie.api.runtime.rule.EntryPoint;

// Create your KIE base and KIE session as usual:
KieSession session = ...

// Create a reference to the entry point:
EntryPoint atmStream = session.getEntryPoint("ATM Stream");

// Start inserting your facts into the entry point:
atmStream.insert(aWithdrawRequest);

collect を使用するルールの例

import java.util.List

rule "Raise priority when system has more than three pending alarms"
  when
    $system : System()
    $alarms : List( size >= 3 )
              from collect( Alarm( system == $system, status == 'pending' ) )
  then
    // Raise priority because `$system` has three or more `$alarms` pending.
end

collect とネストされた from を使用するルールの例

import java.util.LinkedList;

rule "Send a message to all parents"
  when
    $town : Town( name == 'Paris' )
    $mothers : LinkedList()
               from collect( Person( children > 0 )
                             from $town.getPeople()
                           )
  then
    // Send a message to all parents.
end

accumulate の推奨形式

accumulate( <source pattern>; <functions> [;<constraints>] )

温度値を算出する accumulate を使用したルールの例

rule "Raise alarm"
  when
    $s : Sensor()
    accumulate( Reading( sensor == $s, $temp : temperature );
                $min : min( $temp ),
                $max : max( $temp ),
                $avg : average( $temp );
                $min < 20, $avg > 70 )
  then
    // Raise the alarm.
end

平均収益を計算する accumulate を使用したルールの例

rule "Average profit"
  when
    $order : Order()
    accumulate( OrderItem( order == $order, $cost : cost, $price : price );
                $avgProfit : average( 1 - $cost / $price ) )
  then
    // Average profit for `$order` is `$avgProfit`.
end

average 関数がカスタムで実装された Java クラスの例

// An implementation of an accumulator capable of calculating average values

public class AverageAccumulateFunction implements org.kie.api.runtime.rule.AccumulateFunction<AverageAccumulateFunction.AverageData> {

    public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {

    }

    public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {

    }

    public static class AverageData implements Externalizable {
        public int    count = 0;
        public double total = 0;

        public AverageData() {}

        public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
            count   = in.readInt();
            total   = in.readDouble();
        }

        public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
            out.writeInt(count);
            out.writeDouble(total);
        }

    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.kie.api.runtime.rule.AccumulateFunction#createContext()
     */
    public AverageData createContext() {
        return new AverageData();
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.kie.api.runtime.rule.AccumulateFunction#init(java.io.Serializable)
     */
    public void init(AverageData context) {
        context.count = 0;
        context.total = 0;
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.kie.api.runtime.rule.AccumulateFunction#accumulate(java.io.Serializable, java.lang.Object)
     */
    public void accumulate(AverageData context,
                           Object value) {
        context.count++;
        context.total += ((Number) value).doubleValue();
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.kie.api.runtime.rule.AccumulateFunction#reverse(java.io.Serializable, java.lang.Object)
     */
    public void reverse(AverageData context, Object value) {
        context.count--;
        context.total -= ((Number) value).doubleValue();
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.kie.api.runtime.rule.AccumulateFunction#getResult(java.io.Serializable)
     */
    public Object getResult(AverageData context) {
        return new Double( context.count == 0 ? 0 : context.total / context.count );
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.kie.api.runtime.rule.AccumulateFunction#supportsReverse()
     */
    public boolean supportsReverse() {
        return true;
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.kie.api.runtime.rule.AccumulateFunction#getResultType()
     */
    public Class< ? > getResultType() {
        return Number.class;
    }

}

カスタム関数をインポートするための形式

import accumulate <class_name> <function_name>

インポートされた average 関数を使用するルールの例

import accumulate AverageAccumulateFunction.AverageData average

rule "Average profit"
  when
    $order : Order()
    accumulate( OrderItem( order == $order, $cost : cost, $price : price );
                $avgProfit : average( 1 - $cost / $price ) )
  then
    // Average profit for `$order` is `$avgProfit`.
end