第2章 タクソノミーツリーへのナレッジの追加

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domain: astronomy 

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  Information about the Phoenix Constellation including the
  history, characteristics, and features of the stars in the constellation.
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  - context: | 

      **Phoenix** is a minor constellation in the southern sky. Named after the mythical
      Phoenix_(mythology), it was first depicted on a celestial atlas by Johann Bayerin his 1603
      Uranometria. The French explorer and astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille charted the brighter stars
      and gave their Bayer designations in 1756. The constellation stretches from roughly −39 degrees to −57
      degrees declination, and from 23.5h to 2.5h of right ascension. The constellations Phoenix, Grus,
      Pavo and Tucana are known as the Southern Birds.
    questions_and_answers:
      - question: | 

          What is the Phoenix constellation?
        answer: | 

         The Phoenix constellation is a minor constellation in the southern sky.
      - question: |
          Who charted the Phoenix constellation?
        answer: |
          The Phoenix constellation was charted by french explorer and
          astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille.
      - question: |
          How far does the Phoenix constellation stretch?
        answer: |
          The phoenix constellation stretches from roughly −39° to −57°
          declination, and from 23.5h to 2.5h of right ascension.
  - context: |
      Phoenix was the largest of the 12 constellations established by Petrus Plancius from the observations
      of Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman. It first appeared on a 35cm diameter celestial globe
      published in 1597 (or 1598) in Amsterdam by Plancius with Jodocus Hondius. The first depiction of this
      constellation in a celestial atlas was in Johann Bayer *Uranometria* of 1603. De Houtman included it in
      his southern star catalog the same year under the Dutch name *Den voghel Fenicx*, "The Bird Phoenix",
      symbolising the phoenix of classical mythology. One name of the brightest star Alpha Phoenicis—Ankaa—is
      derived from the Arabic: العنقاء, romanized: al-‘anqā’, lit. 'the phoenix', and was coined sometime after
      1800 in relation to the constellation.
    questions_and_answers:
      - question: |
          What is the brightest star in the Phoenix constellation
          called?
        answer: |
          Alpha Phoenicis or Ankaa is the brightest star in the Phoenix
          Constellation.
      - question: Where did the Phoenix constellation first appear?
        answer: |
          The Phoenix constellation first appeared on a 35-cm diameter
          celestial globe published in 1597 (or 1598) in Amsterdam by
          Plancius with Jodocus Hondius.
      - question: |
          What does "The Bird Phoenix" symbolize?
        answer: |
          "The Bird Phoenix" symbolizes the phoenix of classical mythology.
  - context: |
      Phoenix is a small constellation bordered by Fornax and Sculptor to the north, Grus to the west,
      Tucana to the south, touching on the corner of Hydrus to the south, and Eridanus to the east and southeast.
      The bright star Achernar is nearby. The three-letter abbreviation for the constellation, as adopted by
      the International Astronomical Union in 1922, is "Phe". The official constellation boundaries,
      as set by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte in 1930, are defined by a polygon of 10 segments.
      In the equatorial coordinate system, the right ascension coordinates of these borders lie
      between 23<sup>h</sup> 26.5<sup>m</sup> and 02<sup>h</sup> 25.0<sup>m</sup>,
      while the declination coordinates are between −39.31° and −57.84°. This means it remains
      below the horizon to anyone living north of the 40th parallel in the Northern
      Hemisphere, and remains low in the sky for anyone living north of the equator. It is most
      visible from locations such as Australia and South Africa during late Southern Hemisphere spring.
      Most of the constellation lies within, and can be located by, forming a triangle of the bright
      stars Achernar, Fomalhaut and Beta Ceti—Ankaa lies roughly in the centre of this.
    questions_and_answers:
      - question: What are the characteristics of the Phoenix constellation?
        answer: |
          Phoenix is a small constellation bordered by Fornax and Sculptor to
          the north, Grus to the west, Tucana to the south, touching on the
          corner of Hydrus to the south, and Eridanus to the east and southeast.
          The bright star Achernar is nearby.
      - question: |
          When is the phoenix constellation most visible?
        answer: |
          Phoenix is most visible from locations such as Australia and
          South Africa during late Southern Hemisphere spring.
      - question: |
          What are the Phoenix Constellation boundaries?
        answer: |
          The official constellation boundaries for Phoenix, as set by Belgian
          astronomer Eugène Delporte in 1930, are defined by a polygon of 10
          segments.
  - context: |
      Ten stars have been found to have planets to date, and four planetary systems have been
      discovered with the SuperWASP project. HD 142 is a yellow giant that has an apparent magnitude
      of 5.7, and has a planet (HD 142b) 1.36 times the mass of Jupiter which orbits every 328 days.
      HD 2039 is a yellow subgiant with an apparent magnitude of 9.0 around 330 light years away which
      has a planet (HD 2039) six times the mass of Jupiter. WASP-18 is a star of magnitude 9.29 which
      was discovered to have a hot Jupiter-like planet (WASP-18b) taking less than a day to orbit the star.
      The planet is suspected to be causing WASP-18 to appear older than it really is. WASP-4and WASP-5
      are solar-type yellow stars around 1000 light years distant and of 13th magnitude, each with a single
      planet larger than Jupiter. WASP-29 is an orange dwarf of spectral type K4V and visual magnitude 11.3,
      which has a planetary companion of similar size and mass to Saturn. The planet completes an orbit
      every 3.9 days.
    questions_and_answers:
      - question: In the Phoenix constellation, how many stars have planets?
        answer: |
          In the Phoenix constellation, ten stars have been found to have
          planets to date, and four planetary systems have been discovered
          with the SuperWASP project.
      - question: |
          What is HD 142?
        answer: |
          HD 142 is a yellow giant that has an apparent magnitude of 5.7, and
          has a planet (HD 142 b) 1.36 times the mass of Jupiter which
          orbits every 328 days.
      - question: |
          Are WASP-4 and WASP-5 solar-type yellow stars?
        answer: |
          Yes, WASP-4 and WASP-5 are solar-type yellow stars around 1000 light
          years distant and of 13th magnitude, each with a single planet
          larger than Jupiter.
  - context: |
      The constellation does not lie on the galactic plane of the Milky Way, and there are no prominent star
      clusters. NGC 625 is a dwarf irregular galaxy of apparent magnitude 11.0 and lying some 12.7 million
      light years distant. Only 24000 light years in diameter, it is an outlying member of the Sculptor Group.
      NGC 625 is thought to have been involved in a collision and is experiencing a burst of active star formation.
      NGC 37 is a lenticular galaxy of apparent magnitude 14.66. It is approximately 42 kiloparsecs 137,000
      light-years in diameter and about 12.9 billion years old. Robert's Quartet composed of the irregular galaxy
      NGC 87, and three spiral galaxies NGC 88, NGC 89 and NGC 92 is a group of four galaxies located around 160 million
      light-years away which are in the process of colliding and merging. They are within a circle of radius of 1.6 arcmin,
      corresponding to about 75,000 light-years. Located in the galaxy ESO 243-49 is HLX-1, an intermediate-mass
      black hole—the first one of its kind identified. It is thought to be a remnant of a dwarf galaxy that was absorbed
      in a collision with ESO 243-49. Before its discovery, this class of black hole was only hypothesized.
    questions_and_answers:
      - question: |
          Is the Phoenix Constellation part of the Milky Way?
        answer: |
          The Phoenix constellation does not lie on the galactic plane of
          the Milky Way, and there are no prominent star clusters.
      - question: |
          How many light years away is NGC 625?
        answer: |
          NGC 625 is 24000 light years in diameter and is an outlying
          member of the Sculptor Group.
      - question: |
          What is Robert's Quartet composed of?
        answer: |
          Robert's Quartet is composed of the irregular galaxy NGC 87,
          and three spiral galaxies NGC 88, NGC 89 and NGC 92.
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