Chapter 3. Producer configuration properties

Serializer class for key that implements the org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Serializer interface.

Serializer class for value that implements the org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Serializer interface.

A list of host/port pairs used to establish the initial connection to the Kafka cluster. Clients use this list to bootstrap and discover the full set of Kafka brokers. While the order of servers in the list does not matter, we recommend including more than one server to ensure resilience if any servers are down. This list does not need to contain the entire set of brokers, as Kafka clients automatically manage and update connections to the cluster efficiently. This list must be in the form host1:port1,host2:port2,…​.

The total bytes of memory the producer can use to buffer records waiting to be sent to the server. If records are sent faster than they can be delivered to the server the producer will block for max.block.ms after which it will throw an exception.

This setting should correspond roughly to the total memory the producer will use, but is not a hard bound since not all memory the producer uses is used for buffering. Some additional memory will be used for compression (if compression is enabled) as well as for maintaining in-flight requests.

The compression type for all data generated by the producer. The default is none (i.e. no compression). Valid values are none, gzip, snappy, lz4, or zstd. Compression is of full batches of data, so the efficacy of batching will also impact the compression ratio (more batching means better compression).

Setting a value greater than zero will cause the client to resend any record whose send fails with a potentially transient error. Note that this retry is no different than if the client resent the record upon receiving the error. Produce requests will be failed before the number of retries has been exhausted if the timeout configured by delivery.timeout.ms expires first before successful acknowledgement. Users should generally prefer to leave this config unset and instead use delivery.timeout.ms to control retry behavior.

Enabling idempotence requires this config value to be greater than 0. If conflicting configurations are set and idempotence is not explicitly enabled, idempotence is disabled.

Allowing retries while setting enable.idempotence to false and max.in.flight.requests.per.connection to greater than 1 will potentially change the ordering of records because if two batches are sent to a single partition, and the first fails and is retried but the second succeeds, then the records in the second batch may appear first.

The password of the private key in the key store file or the PEM key specified in 'ssl.keystore.key'.

Certificate chain in the format specified by 'ssl.keystore.type'. Default SSL engine factory supports only PEM format with a list of X.509 certificates.

Private key in the format specified by 'ssl.keystore.type'. Default SSL engine factory supports only PEM format with PKCS#8 keys. If the key is encrypted, key password must be specified using 'ssl.key.password'.

The location of the key store file. This is optional for client and can be used for two-way authentication for client.

The store password for the key store file. This is optional for client and only needed if 'ssl.keystore.location' is configured. Key store password is not supported for PEM format.

Trusted certificates in the format specified by 'ssl.truststore.type'. Default SSL engine factory supports only PEM format with X.509 certificates.

The location of the trust store file.

The password for the trust store file. If a password is not set, trust store file configured will still be used, but integrity checking is disabled. Trust store password is not supported for PEM format.

The producer will attempt to batch records together into fewer requests whenever multiple records are being sent to the same partition. This helps performance on both the client and the server. This configuration controls the default batch size in bytes.

No attempt will be made to batch records larger than this size.

Requests sent to brokers will contain multiple batches, one for each partition with data available to be sent.

A small batch size will make batching less common and may reduce throughput (a batch size of zero will disable batching entirely). A very large batch size may use memory a bit more wastefully as we will always allocate a buffer of the specified batch size in anticipation of additional records.

Note: This setting gives the upper bound of the batch size to be sent. If we have fewer than this many bytes accumulated for this partition, we will 'linger' for the linger.ms time waiting for more records to show up. This linger.ms setting defaults to 5, which means the producer will wait for 5ms or until the record batch is of batch.size(whichever happens first) before sending the record batch. Note that broker backpressure can result in a higher effective linger time than this setting.The default changed from 0 to 5 in Apache Kafka 4.0 as the efficiency gains from larger batches typically result in similar or lower producer latency despite the increased linger.

Controls how the client uses DNS lookups. If set to use_all_dns_ips, connect to each returned IP address in sequence until a successful connection is established. After a disconnection, the next IP is used. Once all IPs have been used once, the client resolves the IP(s) from the hostname again (both the JVM and the OS cache DNS name lookups, however). If set to resolve_canonical_bootstrap_servers_only, resolve each bootstrap address into a list of canonical names. After the bootstrap phase, this behaves the same as use_all_dns_ips.

An id string to pass to the server when making requests. The purpose of this is to be able to track the source of requests beyond just ip/port by allowing a logical application name to be included in server-side request logging.

The compression level to use if compression.type is set to gzip.

The compression level to use if compression.type is set to lz4.

The compression level to use if compression.type is set to zstd.

Close idle connections after the number of milliseconds specified by this config.

An upper bound on the time to report success or failure after a call to send() returns. This limits the total time that a record will be delayed prior to sending, the time to await acknowledgement from the broker (if expected), and the time allowed for retriable send failures. The producer may report failure to send a record earlier than this config if either an unrecoverable error is encountered, the retries have been exhausted, or the record is added to a batch which reached an earlier delivery expiration deadline. The value of this config should be greater than or equal to the sum of request.timeout.ms and linger.ms.

The producer groups together any records that arrive in between request transmissions into a single batched request. Normally this occurs only under load when records arrive faster than they can be sent out. However in some circumstances the client may want to reduce the number of requests even under moderate load. This setting accomplishes this by adding a small amount of artificial delay; that is, rather than immediately sending out a record, the producer will wait for up to the given delay to allow other records to be sent so that the sends can be batched together. This can be thought of as analogous to Nagle’s algorithm in TCP. This setting gives the upper bound on the delay for batching: once we get batch.size worth of records for a partition it will be sent immediately regardless of this setting, however if we have fewer than this many bytes accumulated for this partition we will 'linger' for the specified time waiting for more records to show up. This setting defaults to 5 (i.e. 5ms delay). Increasing linger.ms=50, for example, would have the effect of reducing the number of requests sent but would add up to 50ms of latency to records sent in the absence of load.The default changed from 0 to 5 in Apache Kafka 4.0 as the efficiency gains from larger batches typically result in similar or lower producer latency despite the increased linger.

The configuration controls how long the KafkaProducer’s `send(), partitionsFor(), initTransactions(), sendOffsetsToTransaction(), commitTransaction() and abortTransaction() methods will block. For send() this timeout bounds the total time waiting for both metadata fetch and buffer allocation (blocking in the user-supplied serializers or partitioner is not counted against this timeout). For partitionsFor() this timeout bounds the time spent waiting for metadata if it is unavailable. The transaction-related methods always block, but may timeout if the transaction coordinator could not be discovered or did not respond within the timeout.

The maximum size of a request in bytes. This setting will limit the number of record batches the producer will send in a single request to avoid sending huge requests. This is also effectively a cap on the maximum uncompressed record batch size. Note that the server has its own cap on the record batch size (after compression if compression is enabled) which may be different from this.

Determines which partition to send a record to when records are produced. Available options are:

When set to 'true' the producer won’t use record keys to choose a partition. If 'false', producer would choose a partition based on a hash of the key when a key is present. Note: this setting has no effect if a custom partitioner is used.

The size of the TCP receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) to use when reading data. If the value is -1, the OS default will be used.

The configuration controls the maximum amount of time the client will wait for the response of a request. If the response is not received before the timeout elapses the client will resend the request if necessary or fail the request if retries are exhausted. This should be larger than replica.lag.time.max.ms (a broker configuration) to reduce the possibility of message duplication due to unnecessary producer retries.

The fully qualified name of a SASL client callback handler class that implements the AuthenticateCallbackHandler interface.

JAAS login context parameters for SASL connections in the format used by JAAS configuration files. JAAS configuration file format is described here. The format for the value is: loginModuleClass controlFlag (optionName=optionValue)*;. For brokers, the config must be prefixed with listener prefix and SASL mechanism name in lower-case. For example, listener.name.sasl_ssl.scram-sha-256.sasl.jaas.config=com.example.ScramLoginModule required;.

The Kerberos principal name that Kafka runs as. This can be defined either in Kafka’s JAAS config or in Kafka’s config.

The fully qualified name of a SASL login callback handler class that implements the AuthenticateCallbackHandler interface. For brokers, login callback handler config must be prefixed with listener prefix and SASL mechanism name in lower-case. For example, listener.name.sasl_ssl.scram-sha-256.sasl.login.callback.handler.class=com.example.CustomScramLoginCallbackHandler.

The fully qualified name of a class that implements the Login interface. For brokers, login config must be prefixed with listener prefix and SASL mechanism name in lower-case. For example, listener.name.sasl_ssl.scram-sha-256.sasl.login.class=com.example.CustomScramLogin.

SASL mechanism used for client connections. This may be any mechanism for which a security provider is available. GSSAPI is the default mechanism.

The OAuth/OIDC provider URL from which the provider’s JWKS (JSON Web Key Set) can be retrieved. The URL can be HTTP(S)-based or file-based. If the URL is HTTP(S)-based, the JWKS data will be retrieved from the OAuth/OIDC provider via the configured URL on broker startup. All then-current keys will be cached on the broker for incoming requests. If an authentication request is received for a JWT that includes a "kid" header claim value that isn’t yet in the cache, the JWKS endpoint will be queried again on demand. However, the broker polls the URL every sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.refresh.ms milliseconds to refresh the cache with any forthcoming keys before any JWT requests that include them are received. If the URL is file-based, the broker will load the JWKS file from a configured location on startup. In the event that the JWT includes a "kid" header value that isn’t in the JWKS file, the broker will reject the JWT and authentication will fail.

The URL for the OAuth/OIDC identity provider. If the URL is HTTP(S)-based, it is the issuer’s token endpoint URL to which requests will be made to login based on the configuration in sasl.jaas.config. If the URL is file-based, it specifies a file containing an access token (in JWT serialized form) issued by the OAuth/OIDC identity provider to use for authorization.

Protocol used to communicate with brokers.

The size of the TCP send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) to use when sending data. If the value is -1, the OS default will be used.

The maximum amount of time the client will wait for the socket connection to be established. The connection setup timeout will increase exponentially for each consecutive connection failure up to this maximum. To avoid connection storms, a randomization factor of 0.2 will be applied to the timeout resulting in a random range between 20% below and 20% above the computed value.

The amount of time the client will wait for the socket connection to be established. If the connection is not built before the timeout elapses, clients will close the socket channel. This value is the initial backoff value and will increase exponentially for each consecutive connection failure, up to the socket.connection.setup.timeout.max.ms value.

The list of protocols enabled for SSL connections. The default is 'TLSv1.2,TLSv1.3'. This means that clients and servers will prefer TLSv1.3 if both support it and fallback to TLSv1.2 otherwise (assuming both support at least TLSv1.2). This default should be fine for most use cases. Also see the config documentation for ssl.protocol to understand how it can impact the TLS version negotiation behavior.

The file format of the key store file. This is optional for client. The values currently supported by the default ssl.engine.factory.class are [JKS, PKCS12, PEM].

The SSL protocol used to generate the SSLContext. The default is 'TLSv1.3', which should be fine for most use cases. A typical alternative to the default is 'TLSv1.2'. Allowed values for this config are dependent on the JVM. Clients using the defaults for this config and 'ssl.enabled.protocols' will downgrade to 'TLSv1.2' if the server does not support 'TLSv1.3'. If this config is set to 'TLSv1.2', however, clients will not use 'TLSv1.3' even if it is one of the values in ssl.enabled.protocols and the server only supports 'TLSv1.3'.

The name of the security provider used for SSL connections. Default value is the default security provider of the JVM.

The file format of the trust store file. The values currently supported by the default ssl.engine.factory.class are [JKS, PKCS12, PEM].

The number of acknowledgments the producer requires the leader to have received before considering a request complete. This controls the durability of records that are sent. The following settings are allowed:

When set to 'true', the producer will ensure that exactly one copy of each message is written in the stream. If 'false', producer retries due to broker failures, etc., may write duplicates of the retried message in the stream. Note that enabling idempotence requires max.in.flight.requests.per.connection to be less than or equal to 5 (with message ordering preserved for any allowable value), retries to be greater than 0, and acks must be 'all'.

Idempotence is enabled by default if no conflicting configurations are set. If conflicting configurations are set and idempotence is not explicitly enabled, idempotence is disabled. If idempotence is explicitly enabled and conflicting configurations are set, a ConfigException is thrown.

Whether to enable pushing of client metrics to the cluster, if the cluster has a client metrics subscription which matches this client.

A list of classes to use as interceptors. Implementing the org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerInterceptor interface allows you to intercept (and possibly mutate) the records received by the producer before they are published to the Kafka cluster. By default, there are no interceptors.

The maximum number of unacknowledged requests the client will send on a single connection before blocking. Note that if this configuration is set to be greater than 1 and enable.idempotence is set to false, there is a risk of message reordering after a failed send due to retries (i.e., if retries are enabled); if retries are disabled or if enable.idempotence is set to true, ordering will be preserved. Additionally, enabling idempotence requires the value of this configuration to be less than or equal to 5, because broker only retains at most 5 batches for each producer. If the value is more than 5, previous batches may be removed on broker side.

The period of time in milliseconds after which we force a refresh of metadata even if we haven’t seen any partition leadership changes to proactively discover any new brokers or partitions.

Controls how long the producer will cache metadata for a topic that’s idle. If the elapsed time since a topic was last produced to exceeds the metadata idle duration, then the topic’s metadata is forgotten and the next access to it will force a metadata fetch request.

If a client configured to rebootstrap using metadata.recovery.strategy=rebootstrap is unable to obtain metadata from any of the brokers in the last known metadata for this interval, client repeats the bootstrap process using bootstrap.servers configuration.

Controls how the client recovers when none of the brokers known to it is available. If set to none, the client fails. If set to rebootstrap, the client repeats the bootstrap process using bootstrap.servers. Rebootstrapping is useful when a client communicates with brokers so infrequently that the set of brokers may change entirely before the client refreshes metadata. Metadata recovery is triggered when all last-known brokers appear unavailable simultaneously. Brokers appear unavailable when disconnected and no current retry attempt is in-progress. Consider increasing reconnect.backoff.ms and reconnect.backoff.max.ms and decreasing socket.connection.setup.timeout.ms and socket.connection.setup.timeout.max.ms for the client. Rebootstrap is also triggered if connection cannot be established to any of the brokers for metadata.recovery.rebootstrap.trigger.ms milliseconds or if server requests rebootstrap.

A list of classes to use as metrics reporters. Implementing the org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsReporter interface allows plugging in classes that will be notified of new metric creation.

The number of samples maintained to compute metrics.