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Chapter 2. Role Management

2.1. Role Management
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OpenStack uses a role-based access control (RBAC) mechanism to manage access to its resources. Roles define which actions users can perform. By default, there are two predefined roles: a member role that gets attached to a tenant, and an administrative role to enable non-admin users to administer the environment. Note that there are abstract levels of permission, and it is possible to create the roles the administrator needs, and configure services adequately.

2.1.1. View Roles
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Use the following command to list the available predefined roles. 

$ openstack role list
+----------------------------------+---------------+
| ID                               | Name          |
+----------------------------------+---------------+
| 4fd37c2c993a4acab8e1b5896afb8687 | SwiftOperator |
| 9fe2ff9ee4384b1894a90878d3e92bab | _member_      |
| a0f19c1381c54770ae068456c4411d82 | ResellerAdmin |
| ae49e2b796ea4820ac51637be27650d8 | admin         |
+----------------------------------+---------------+
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To get details for a specified role, run: 

$ openstack role show admin
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Example

$ openstack role show admin
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field     | Value                            |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | None                             |
| id        | ae49e2b796ea4820ac51637be27650d8 |
| name      | admin                            |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
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2.1.2. Create and Assign a Role
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As a cloud administrator, you can create and manage roles on the Keystone client using the following set of commands. Each OpenStack deployment must include at least one project, one user, and one role, linked together. However, users can be members of multiple projects. To assign users to multiple projects, create a role and assign that role to a user-project pair. Note that you can create a user and assign a primary project and default role in the dashboard.

Note

Either the name or ID can be used to specify users, roles, or projects.

  1. Create the new-role role: 

    $ openstack role create [ROLE_NAME]
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    Example

    $ openstack role create new-role
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field     | Value                            |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | None                             |
| id        | 880c116b6a55464b99ca8d8d8fe26743 |
| name      | new-role                         |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
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  2. To assign a user to a project, you must assign the role to a user-project pair. To do this, obtain the user, role, and project names or IDs:

    1. List users: 

      $ openstack user list
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    2. List roles: 

      $ openstack role list
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    3. List projects: 

      $ openstack project list
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  3. Assign a role to a user-project pair. 

    openstack role add --project [PROJECT_NAME] --user [USER_ID]  [ROLE_ID]
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    Example

    In this example, you assign the admin role to the admin user in the demo project: 

    $ openstack role add --project demo --user 895e43465b9643b9aa29df0073572bb2  ae49e2b796ea4820ac51637be27650d8
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  4. Verify the role assignment for the user admin: 

    $ openstack role assignment list --user [USER_ID]  --project [PROJECT_ID]
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    Example

    $ openstack role assignment list --user 895e43465b9643b9aa29df0073572bb2 --project demo
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------+----------------------------------+--------+-----------+
| Role                             | User                             | Group | Project                          | Domain | Inherited |
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------+----------------------------------+--------+-----------+
| ae49e2b796ea4820ac51637be27650d8 | 895e43465b9643b9aa29df0073572bb2 |       | 7efbdc8b4ab448b8b5aeb9fa5898ce23 |        | False     |
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------+----------------------------------+--------+-----------+
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