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1.2. 示例：基于 CPU 使用情况自动扩展

在本例中，编排检查遥测数据，并且自动增加实例的数量，以响应高 CPU 使用量。创建堆栈模板和环境模板，以定义所需的规则和后续配置。本例利用了现有资源（如网络）和使用在您自己的环境中可能不同的名称。

  1. 创建环境模板，描述实例类别、网络配置和镜像类型。在 /etc/heat/templates/cirros.yaml 中输入以下值： 

    heat_template_version: 2014-10-16
description: A base Cirros 0.3.4 server

resources:
  server:
    type: OS::Nova::Server
    properties:
      block_device_mapping:
        - device_name: vda
          delete_on_termination: true
          volume_id: { get_resource: volume }
      flavor: m1.nano
      key_name: admin
      networks:
        - port: { get_resource: port }

  port:
    type: OS::Neutron::Port
    properties:
      network: private
      security_groups:
        - all

  floating_ip:
    type: OS::Neutron::FloatingIP
    properties:
      floating_network: public

  floating_ip_assoc:
    type: OS::Neutron::FloatingIPAssociation
    properties:
      floatingip_id: { get_resource: floating_ip }
      port_id: { get_resource: port }

  volume:
    type: OS::Cinder::Volume
    properties:
      image: 'Cirros 0.3.4'
      size: 1
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  2. 在 /root/environment.yaml 中注册 Orchestration 资源： 

    resource_registry:

    "OS::Nova::Server::Cirros": "file:///etc/heat/templates/cirros.yaml"
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  3. 创建堆栈模板，描述要监视的 CPU 阈值，以及应添加多少个实例。同时也创建实例组，定义可参与此模板的最小和最大实例数量。

    在 /root/example.yaml 中输入以下值： 

    heat_template_version: 2014-10-16
description: Example auto scale group, policy and alarm
resources:
  scaleup_group:
    type: OS::Heat::AutoScalingGroup
    properties:
      cooldown: 60
      desired_capacity: 1
      max_size: 3
      min_size: 1
      resource:
        type: OS::Nova::Server::Cirros

  scaleup_policy:
    type: OS::Heat::ScalingPolicy
    properties:
      adjustment_type: change_in_capacity
      auto_scaling_group_id: { get_resource: scaleup_group }
      cooldown: 60
      scaling_adjustment: 1

  scaledown_policy:
    type: OS::Heat::ScalingPolicy
    properties:
      adjustment_type: change_in_capacity
      auto_scaling_group_id: { get_resource: scaleup_group }
      cooldown: 60
      scaling_adjustment: -1

  cpu_alarm_high:
    type: OS::Ceilometer::Alarm
    properties:
      meter_name: cpu_util
      statistic: avg
      period: 60
      evaluation_periods: 1
      threshold: 50
      alarm_actions:
        - {get_attr: [scaleup_policy, alarm_url]}
      comparison_operator: gt

  cpu_alarm_low:
    type: OS::Ceilometer::Alarm
    properties:
      meter_name: cpu_util
      statistic: avg
      period: 60
      evaluation_periods: 1
      threshold: 10
      alarm_actions:
        - {get_attr: [scaledown_policy, alarm_url]}
      comparison_operator: lt
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  4. 更新遥测集合间隔。默认情况下，Telemetry 每 10 分钟轮询实例，以进行 CPU 数据。在本例中，将 /etc/ceilometer/pipeline.yaml 中的间隔更改为 60 秒： 

    - name: cpu_source
interval: 60
meters:
- "cpu"
sinks:
- cpu_sink
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap
    注意

    不建议在生产环境中使用 60 秒的轮询周期，因为更高的轮询间隔可能会导致 control plane 的负载增加。

  5. 重启所有 OpenStack 服务以应用更新的 Telemetry 设置： 

    # openstack-service restart
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap
    注意

    此步骤将导致 OpenStack 部署简单中断。

  6. 运行编配脚本以构建环境并部署实例： 

    # heat stack-create example -f /root/example.yaml -e /root/environment.yaml
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------+----------------------+
| id                                   | stack_name | stack_status       | creation_time        |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------+----------------------+
| 6fca513c-25a1-4849-b7ab-909e37f52eca | example    | CREATE_IN_PROGRESS | 2015-08-31T16:18:02Z |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------+----------------------+
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    编配将创建堆栈并启动单个 cirros 实例，如 scaleup_group 定义中设置的： min_size ： 

    # nova list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID                                   | Name                                                  | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks                             |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| 3f627c84-06aa-4782-8c12-29409964cc73 | ex-qeki-3azno6me5gvm-pqmr5zd6kuhm-server-gieck7uoyrwc | ACTIVE | -          | Running     | private=10.10.1.156, 192.168.122.234 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    编排也创建两个 cpu 警报，它们用于触发扩展或缩减事件，如 cpu_alarm_high 和 cpu_alarm_low 定义： 

    # ceilometer alarm-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+----------+---------+------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
| Alarm ID                             | Name                                | State             | Severity | Enabled | Continuous | Alarm condition                | Time constraints |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+----------+---------+------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
| 04b4f845-f5b6-4c5a-8af0-59e03c22e6fa | example-cpu_alarm_high-rd5kysmlahvx | ok                | low      | True    | True       | cpu_util > 50.0 during 1 x 60s | None             |
| ac81cd81-20b3-45f9-bea4-e51f00499602 | example-cpu_alarm_low-6t65kswutupz  | ok                | low      | True    | True       | cpu_util < 10.0 during 1 x 60s | None             |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------+----------+---------+------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

1.2.1. 测试自动扩展实例
复制链接

编配根据 cpu_alarm_high 阈值自动扩展实例。CPU 使用率超过 50% 实例将扩展，如 cpu_alarm_high 定义中的设置： threshold: 50
要生成 CPU 负载，请登录实例并运行 dd 命令： 

$ ssh -i admin.pem cirros@192.168.122.232
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

运行 dd 命令后，您可以预期在 cirros 实例中具有 100% 的 CPU 使用率。在 60 秒后，您应该看到编排已将组自动扩展到两个实例： 

# nova list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID                                   | Name                                                  | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks                             |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| 3f627c84-06aa-4782-8c12-29409964cc73 | ex-qeki-3azno6me5gvm-pqmr5zd6kuhm-server-gieck7uoyrwc | ACTIVE | -          | Running     | private=10.10.1.156, 192.168.122.234 |
| 0f69dfbe-4654-474f-9308-1b64de3f5c18 | ex-qeki-qmvor5rkptj7-krq7i66h6n7b-server-b4pk3dzjvbpi | ACTIVE | -          | Running     | private=10.10.1.157, 192.168.122.235 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

进一步的 60 秒后，您将观察编排已再次自动扩展到三个实例。由于三个是此配置的最大值，因此它不会扩展任何更高的值（如 scaleup_group 定义中设置的一样： max_size） 

# nova list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID                                   | Name                                                  | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks                             |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| 3f627c84-06aa-4782-8c12-29409964cc73 | ex-qeki-3azno6me5gvm-pqmr5zd6kuhm-server-gieck7uoyrwc | ACTIVE | -          | Running     | private=10.10.1.156, 192.168.122.234 |
| 0e805e75-aa6f-4375-b057-2c173b68f172 | ex-qeki-gajdwmu2cgm2-vckf4g2gpwis-server-r3smbhtqij76 | ACTIVE | -          | Running     | private=10.10.1.158, 192.168.122.236 |
| 0f69dfbe-4654-474f-9308-1b64de3f5c18 | ex-qeki-qmvor5rkptj7-krq7i66h6n7b-server-b4pk3dzjvbpi | ACTIVE | -          | Running     | private=10.10.1.157, 192.168.122.235 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

1.2.2. 自动缩放实例
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编排根据 cpu_alarm_low 阈值自动扩展实例。在本例中，当 CPU 使用率低于 10% 后，实例将缩减。终止正在运行的 dd 进程，您将观察编排开始缩减实例。

停止 dd 进程会导致 cpu_alarm_low 事件触发。因此，编配过程开始自动扩展并删除实例： 

# ceilometer alarm-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-------+----------+---------+------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
| Alarm ID                             | Name                                | State | Severity | Enabled | Continuous | Alarm condition                | Time constraints |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-------+----------+---------+------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
| 04b4f845-f5b6-4c5a-8af0-59e03c22e6fa | example-cpu_alarm_high-rd5kysmlahvx | ok    | low      | True    | True       | cpu_util > 50.0 during 1 x 60s | None             |
| ac81cd81-20b3-45f9-bea4-e51f00499602 | example-cpu_alarm_low-6t65kswutupz  | alarm | low      | True    | True       | cpu_util < 10.0 during 1 x 60s | None             |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-------+----------+---------+------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

几分钟后，您可以返回到单个实例，在 scaleup_group 中允许的最小实例数量：min_size: 1

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