6.3. 修复 LVM 镜像错误
这部分提供了一个修复示例，即 LVM 镜像的一个分支失败，是因为物理卷的基本设备死机。当一个镜像分支失败时，LVM 将镜像卷转换成线性卷，并在没有镜像冗余的之前继续进行操作。在那个时候，您可以在系统中添加一个新的磁盘来替换物理设备，并重建镜像。
以下命令创建将用于镜像的物理卷。
[root@link-08 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sd[abcdefgh][12]
Physical volume "/dev/sda1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sda2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdc2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdd2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sde1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sde2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdf1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdf2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdg1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdg2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdh1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdh2" successfully created
以下命令创建卷组
vg 和镜像卷 groupfs。
[root@link-08 ~]#vgcreate vg /dev/sd[abcdefgh][12]Volume group "vg" successfully created [root@link-08 ~]#lvcreate -L 750M -n groupfs -m 1 vg /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1Rounding up size to full physical extent 752.00 MB Logical volume "groupfs" created
您可以使用
lvs 命令确定镜像卷、用于镜像分支的基本设备以及镜像分支的布局。请注意：在第一个示例中，镜像还没有被完全同步，您应该在 Copy% 字段显示 100.00 之后才继续操作。
[root@link-08 ~]#lvs -a -o +devicesLV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Devices groupfs vg mwi-a- 752.00M groupfs_mlog 21.28 groupfs_mimage_0(0),groupfs_mimage_1(0) [groupfs_mimage_0] vg iwi-ao 752.00M /dev/sda1(0) [groupfs_mimage_1] vg iwi-ao 752.00M /dev/sdb1(0) [groupfs_mlog] vg lwi-ao 4.00M /dev/sdc1(0) [root@link-08 ~]#lvs -a -o +devicesLV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Devices groupfs vg mwi-a- 752.00M groupfs_mlog 100.00 groupfs_mimage_0(0),groupfs_mimage_1(0) [groupfs_mimage_0] vg iwi-ao 752.00M /dev/sda1(0) [groupfs_mimage_1] vg iwi-ao 752.00M /dev/sdb1(0) [groupfs_mlog] vg lwi-ao 4.00M i /dev/sdc1(0)
在这个示例中，镜像
/dev/sda1 的主要分支失败。任何对镜像卷的写入操作都会导致 LVM 去检测失败的镜像。这个时候，LVM 会将镜像转换成单一线性卷。在这里，引起转发的因素是我们执行了 dd 命令。
[root@link-08 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/vg/groupfs count=10
10+0 records in
10+0 records out
您可以使用
lvs 命令确定该设备现在已经是线性设备了。因为是失败的磁盘，所以会发生 I/O 错误。
[root@link-08 ~]# lvs -a -o +devices
/dev/sda1: read failed after 0 of 2048 at 0: Input/output error
/dev/sda2: read failed after 0 of 2048 at 0: Input/output error
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Devices
groupfs vg -wi-a- 752.00M /dev/sdb1(0)
在这里，您应该仍然可以使用逻辑卷，但没有镜像冗余。
To rebuild the mirrored volume, you replace the broken drive and recreate the physical volume. If you use the same disk rather than replacing it with a new one, you will see "inconsistent" warnings when you run the
pvcreate command.
[root@link-08 ~]#pvcreate /dev/sda[12]Physical volume "/dev/sda1" successfully created Physical volume "/dev/sda2" successfully created [root@link-08 ~]#pvscanPV /dev/sdb1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.10 GB free] PV /dev/sdb2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdc1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdc2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdd1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdd2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sde1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sde2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdf1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdf2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdg1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdg2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdh1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdh2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sda1 lvm2 [603.94 GB] PV /dev/sda2 lvm2 [603.94 GB] Total: 16 [2.11 TB] / in use: 14 [949.65 GB] / in no VG: 2 [1.18 TB]
下面您可以使用新的物理卷来扩展原来的卷组。
[root@link-08 ~]#vgextend vg /dev/sda[12]Volume group "vg" successfully extended [root@link-08 ~]#pvscanPV /dev/sdb1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.10 GB free] PV /dev/sdb2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdc1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdc2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdd1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdd2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sde1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sde2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdf1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdf2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdg1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdg2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdh1 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sdh2 VG vg lvm2 [67.83 GB / 67.83 GB free] PV /dev/sda1 VG vg lvm2 [603.93 GB / 603.93 GB free] PV /dev/sda2 VG vg lvm2 [603.93 GB / 603.93 GB free] Total: 16 [2.11 TB] / in use: 16 [2.11 TB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
将线性卷转换回它原来的镜像状态。
[root@link-08 ~]# lvconvert -m 1 /dev/vg/groupfs /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
Logical volume mirror converted.
您可以使用
lvs 命令确定恢复到镜像状态。
[root@link-08 ~]# lvs -a -o +devices
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Devices
groupfs vg mwi-a- 752.00M groupfs_mlog 68.62 groupfs_mimage_0(0),groupfs_mimage_1(0)
[groupfs_mimage_0] vg iwi-ao 752.00M /dev/sdb1(0)
[groupfs_mimage_1] vg iwi-ao 752.00M /dev/sda1(0)
[groupfs_mlog] vg lwi-ao 4.00M /dev/sdc1(0)
