20.12. XML-binary Optimized Packaging (Xop)

RESTEasy supports packaging XOP (XML-binary Optimized Packaging) messages as multipart/related. This means that if you have a JAXB-annotated POJO that also holds some binary content, you can send it without needing to encode the binary in any other way. This results in faster transport while retaining the convenience of the POJO. (You can read more about XOP at the W3C web page.)

Take the following JAXB-annotated POJO as an example. @XmlMimeType tells JAXB the MIME type of the binary content. (This is not required, but it is recommended.)

@XmlRootElement
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public static class Xop {
  private Customer bill;

  private Customer monica;

  @XmlMimeType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
  private byte[] myBinary;

  @XmlMimeType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
  private DataHandler myDataHandler;

  // methods, other fields ...
}

@XmlRootElement
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public static class Xop {
  private Customer bill;

  private Customer monica;

  @XmlMimeType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
  private byte[] myBinary;

  @XmlMimeType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
  private DataHandler myDataHandler;

  // methods, other fields ...
}

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Here, myBinary and myDataHandler are processed as binary attachments, while the XOP object will be sent as XML. javax.activation.DataHandler is the most common supported type, so if you need a java.io.InputStream or a javax.activation.DataSource, you must use the DataHandler. java.awt.Image and javax.xml.transform.Source are also supported. We assume, in the previous example, that Customer is a JAXB-friendly POJO. The following is an example Java client to send the previous example:

// our client interface:
@Path("mime")
public static interface MultipartClient {
  @Path("xop")
  @PUT
  @Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_RELATED)
  public void putXop(@XopWithMultipartRelated Xop bean);
}

// Somewhere using it:
{
  MultipartClient client = ProxyFactory.create(MultipartClient.class,
    "http://www.example.org");
  Xop xop = new Xop(new Customer("bill"), new Customer("monica"),
    "Hello Xop World!".getBytes("UTF-8"),
    new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource("Hello Xop World!".getBytes("UTF-8"),
    MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)));
  client.putXop(xop);
}

// our client interface:
@Path("mime")
public static interface MultipartClient {
  @Path("xop")
  @PUT
  @Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_RELATED)
  public void putXop(@XopWithMultipartRelated Xop bean);
}

// Somewhere using it:
{
  MultipartClient client = ProxyFactory.create(MultipartClient.class,
    "http://www.example.org");
  Xop xop = new Xop(new Customer("bill"), new Customer("monica"),
    "Hello Xop World!".getBytes("UTF-8"),
    new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource("Hello Xop World!".getBytes("UTF-8"),
    MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)));
  client.putXop(xop);
}

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@Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_RELATED) tells RESTEasy that we want to send multipart/related packages, a format that will hold our XOP message. @XopWithMultipartRelated tells RESTEasy that we want to create XOP messages. Now that we have a POJO and a client service capable of sending it, we need a server capable of reading it:

@Path("/mime")
public class XopService {
  @PUT
  @Path("xop")
  @Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_RELATED)
  public void putXopWithMultipartRelated(@XopWithMultipartRelated Xop xop) {
    // do very important things here
  }
}

@Path("/mime")
public class XopService {
  @PUT
  @Path("xop")
  @Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_RELATED)
  public void putXopWithMultipartRelated(@XopWithMultipartRelated Xop xop) {
    // do very important things here
  }
}

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@Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_RELATED) tells RESTEasy that we want to read multipart/related packages. @XopWithMultipartRelated tells RESTEasy that we want to read XOP messages. We could also produce XOP return values by annotating them with @Produce.

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20.12. XML-binary Optimized Packaging (Xop)

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