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2.5. Using Encrypted Property Placeholders

Overview
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When securing a container it is undesirable to use plain text passwords in configuration files. They create easy to target security holes. One way to avoid this problem is to use encrypted property placeholders when ever possible.
Red Hat JBoss Fuse includes an extension to OSGi Blueprint that enables you to use Jasypt to decrypt property placeholders in blueprint files. It requires that you:
  1. Create a properties file with encrypted values.
  2. Add the proper namespaces to your blueprint file.
  3. Import the properties using the Aries property placeholder extension.
  4. Configure the Jasypt encryption algorithm.
  5. Use the placeholders in your blueprint file.
  6. Ensure that the Jasypt features are installed into the JBoss Fuse container.

Encrypted properties
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Encrypted properties are stored in plain properties files. They are identified by wrapping them in the ENC() function as shown in Example 2.8, “Property File with an Encrypted Property”.

Example 2.8. Property File with an Encrypted Property

#ldap.properties
ldap.password=ENC(amIsvdqno9iSwnd7kAlLYQ==)
ldap.url=ldap://192.168.1.74:10389
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Important
You will need to remember the password and algorithm used to encrypt the values. You will need this information to configure Jasypt.

Namespaces
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To use encryted properties in your configuration, you will need to add the following namespaces to your blueprint file:
  • Aries extensions—http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-ext/v1.0.0
  • Apache Karaf Jasypt—http://karaf.apache.org/xmlns/jasypt/v1.0.0
Example 2.9, “Encrypted Property Namespaces” shows a blueprint file with the required namespaces.

Example 2.9. Encrypted Property Namespaces

<blueprint xmlns="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0"
 	xmlns:ext="http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-ext/v1.0.0"
 	xmlns:enc="http://karaf.apache.org/xmlns/jasypt/v1.0.0">
...
</blueprint>
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Placeholder extension
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In order to use encrypted property placeholders in a blueprint file you need to include an Aries property-paceholder element to you blueprint file. As shown in Example 2.10, “Aries Placeholder Extension”, it must come before the Jasypt configuration or the use of placeholders.

Example 2.10. Aries Placeholder Extension

<blueprint xmlns="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0"
 	xmlns:ext="http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-ext/v1.0.0"
 	xmlns:enc="http://karaf.apache.org/xmlns/jasypt/v1.0.0">

  <ext:property-placeholder>
    <ext:location>file:etc/ldap.properties</ext:location>
  </ext:property-placeholder>

...
</blueprint>
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The Aries property-placeholder element's ext:location child specifies the location of the property file that contains the properties to use for the configuration. You can specify multiple files by using multiple ext:location children.

Jasypt configuration
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You configure Jasypt using the Apache Karaf property-placeholder element. It has one child, encoder, that contains the actual Jasypt configuration.
The encoder element's mandatory class attribute specifies the fully qualified classname of the Jasypt encryptor to use for decrypting the properties. The encoder element can take a property child that defines a Jasypt PBEConfig bean for configuring the encryptor.
For detailed information on how to configure the different Jasypt encryptors, see the Jasypt documentation.
Example 2.11, “Jasypt Blueprint Configuration” shows configuration for using the string encryptor and retrieving the password from an environment variable.

Example 2.11. Jasypt Blueprint Configuration

<blueprint xmlns="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0"
 	xmlns:ext="http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-ext/v1.0.0"
 	xmlns:enc="http://karaf.apache.org/xmlns/jasypt/v1.0.0">

  <ext:property-placeholder>
    <ext:location>file://ldap.properties</ext:location>
  </ext:property-placeholder>

  <enc:property-placeholder>
    <enc:encryptor class="org.jasypt.encryption.pbe.StandardPBEStringEncryptor">
      <property name="config">
        <bean class="org.jasypt.encryption.pbe.config.EnvironmentStringPBEConfig">
          <property name="algorithm" value="PBEWithMD5AndDES" />
          <property name="passwordEnvName" value="FUSE_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD" />
        </bean>
      </property>
    </enc:encryptor>
  </enc:property-placeholder>
...
</blueprint>
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Placeholders
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The placeholder you use for encrypted properties are the same as you use for regular properties. The use the form ${prop.name}.
Example 2.12, “Jasypt Blueprint Configuration” shows an LDAP JAAS realm that uses the properties file in Example 2.8, “Property File with an Encrypted Property”.

Example 2.12. Jasypt Blueprint Configuration

<blueprint xmlns="http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/blueprint/v1.0.0"
 	xmlns:ext="http://aries.apache.org/blueprint/xmlns/blueprint-ext/v1.0.0"
 	xmlns:enc="http://karaf.apache.org/xmlns/jasypt/v1.0.0">

  <ext:property-placeholder>
    <ext:location>file://ldap.properties</ext:location>
  </ext:property-placeholder>

  <enc:property-placeholder>
    <enc:encryptor class="org.jasypt.encryption.pbe.StandardPBEStringEncryptor">
      <property name="config">
        <bean class="org.jasypt.encryption.pbe.config.EnvironmentStringPBEConfig">
          <property name="algorithm" value="PBEWithMD5AndDES" />
          <property name="passwordEnvName" value="FUSE_ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD" />
        </bean>
      </property>
    </enc:encryptor>
  </enc:property-placeholder>

  <jaas:config name="karaf" rank="1">
    <jaas:module className="org.apache.karaf.jaas.modules.ldap.LDAPLoginModule" flags="required">
      initialContextFactory=com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory
      debug=true
        connectionURL=${ldap.url}
        connectionUsername=cn=mqbroker,ou=Services,ou=system,dc=jbossfuse,dc=com
        connectionPassword=${ldap.password}
        connectionProtocol=
        authentication=simple
        userRoleName=cn
        userBase = ou=User,ou=ActiveMQ,ou=system,dc=jbossfuse,dc=com
        userSearchMatching=(uid={0})
        userSearchSubtree=true
        roleBase = ou=Group,ou=ActiveMQ,ou=system,dc=jbossfuse,dc=com
        roleName=cn
        roleSearchMatching= (member:=uid={1})
        roleSearchSubtree=true
    </jaas:module>
  </jaas:config>

</blueprint>
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The ${ldap.password} placeholder will be replaced with the decrypted value of the ldap.password property from the properties file.

Installing the Jasypt features
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By default, JBoss Fuse does not have the Jasypt encryption libraries installed. In order to use encrypted property placeholders, you will need to install the jasypt-encryption feature using JBoss Fuse's features:install command as shown in Example 2.13, “Installing the Jasypt Feature”.

Example 2.13. Installing the Jasypt Feature

JBossFuse:karaf@root> features:install jasypt-encryption
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