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Chapter 6. Configuring action log storage for Elasticsearch and Splunk

By default, usage logs are stored in the Red Hat Quay database and exposed through the web UI on organization and repository levels. Appropriate administrative privileges are required to see log entries. For deployments with a large amount of logged operations, you can store the usage logs in Elasticsearch and Splunk instead of the Red Hat Quay database backend.

6.1. Configuring action log storage for Elasticsearch

Note

To configure action log storage for Elasticsearch, you must provide your own Elasticsearch stack; it is not included with Red Hat Quay as a customizable component.

Enabling Elasticsearch logging can be done during Red Hat Quay deployment or post-deployment by updating your config.yaml file. When configured, usage log access continues to be provided through the web UI for repositories and organizations.

Use the following procedure to configure action log storage for Elasticsearch:

Procedure

Obtain an Elasticsearch account.
Update your Red Hat Quay config.yaml file to include the following information:
```
# ...
LOGS_MODEL: elasticsearch 1
LOGS_MODEL_CONFIG:
    producer: elasticsearch 2
    elasticsearch_config:
        host: http://<host.elasticsearch.example>:<port> 3
        port: 9200 4
        access_key: <access_key> 5
        secret_key: <secret_key> 6
        use_ssl: True 7
        index_prefix: <logentry> 8
        aws_region: <us-east-1> 9
# ...
```
1
The method for handling log data.
2
Choose either Elasticsearch or Kinesis to direct logs to an intermediate Kinesis stream on AWS. You need to set up your own pipeline to send logs from Kinesis to Elasticsearch, for example, Logstash.
3
The hostname or IP address of the system providing the Elasticsearch service.
4
The port number providing the Elasticsearch service on the host you just entered. Note that the port must be accessible from all systems running the Red Hat Quay registry. The default is TCP port 9200.
5
The access key needed to gain access to the Elasticsearch service, if required.
6
The secret key needed to gain access to the Elasticsearch service, if required.
7
Whether to use SSL/TLS for Elasticsearch. Defaults to True.
8
Choose a prefix to attach to log entries.
9
If you are running on AWS, set the AWS region (otherwise, leave it blank).
Optional. If you are using Kinesis as your logs producer, you must include the following fields in your config.yaml file:
```
    kinesis_stream_config:
        stream_name: <kinesis_stream_name> 1
        access_key: <aws_access_key> 2
        secret_key: <aws_secret_key> 3
        aws_region: <aws_region> 4
```
1
The name of the Kinesis stream.
2
The name of the AWS access key needed to gain access to the Kinesis stream, if required.
3
The name of the AWS secret key needed to gain access to the Kinesis stream, if required.
4
The Amazon Web Services (AWS) region.
Save your config.yaml file and restart your Red Hat Quay deployment.

6.2. Configuring action log storage for Splunk

Splunk is an alternative to Elasticsearch that can provide log analyses for your Red Hat Quay data.

Enabling Splunk logging can be done during Red Hat Quay deployment or post-deployment using the configuration tool. Configuration includes both the option to forward action logs directly to Splunk or to the Splunk HTTP Event Collector (HEC).

Use the following procedures to enable Splunk for your Red Hat Quay deployment.

6.2.1. Installing and creating a username for Splunk

Use the following procedure to install and create Splunk credentials.

Procedure

Create a Splunk account by navigating to Splunk and entering the required credentials.
Navigate to the Splunk Enterprise Free Trial page, select your platform and installation package, and then click Download Now.
Install the Splunk software on your machine. When prompted, create a username, for example, splunk_admin and password.
After creating a username and password, a localhost URL will be provided for your Splunk deployment, for example, http://<sample_url>.remote.csb:8000/. Open the URL in your preferred browser.
Log in with the username and password you created during installation. You are directed to the Splunk UI.

6.2.2. Generating a Splunk token

Use one of the following procedures to create a bearer token for Splunk.

6.2.2.1. Generating a Splunk token using the Splunk UI

Use the following procedure to create a bearer token for Splunk using the Splunk UI.

Prerequisites

You have installed Splunk and created a username.

Procedure

On the Splunk UI, navigate to Settings Tokens.
Click Enable Token Authentication.
Ensure that Token Authentication is enabled by clicking Token Settings and selecting Token Authentication if necessary.
Optional: Set the expiration time for your token. This defaults at 30 days.
Click Save.
Click New Token.
Enter information for User and Audience.
Optional: Set the Expiration and Not Before information.
Click Create. Your token appears in the Token box. Copy the token immediately.
Important
If you close out of the box before copying the token, you must create a new token. The token in its entirety is not available after closing the New Token window.

6.2.2.2. Generating a Splunk token using the CLI

Use the following procedure to create a bearer token for Splunk using the CLI.

Prerequisites

You have installed Splunk and created a username.

Procedure

In your CLI, enter the following CURL command to enable token authentication, passing in your Splunk username and password:

$ curl -k -u <username>:<password> -X POST <scheme>://<host>:<port>/services/admin/token-auth/tokens_auth -d disabled=false

Create a token by entering the following CURL command, passing in your Splunk username and password.

$ curl -k -u <username>:<password> -X POST <scheme>://<host>:<port>/services/authorization/tokens?output_mode=json --data name=<username> --data audience=Users --data-urlencode expires_on=+30d

Save the generated bearer token.

6.2.3. Configuring Red Hat Quay to use Splunk

Use the following procedure to configure Red Hat Quay to use Splunk or the Splunk HTTP Event Collector (HEC).

Prerequisites

You have installed Splunk and created a username.
You have generated a Splunk bearer token.

Procedure

Configure Red Hat Quay to use Splunk or the Splunk HTTP Event Collector (HEC).
1. If opting to use Splunk, open your Red Hat Quay config.yaml file and add the following configuration fields:
```
# ...
LOGS_MODEL: splunk
LOGS_MODEL_CONFIG:
    producer: splunk
    splunk_config:
        host: http://<user_name>.remote.csb 1
        port: 8089 2
        bearer_token: <bearer_token> 3
        url_scheme: <http/https> 4
        verify_ssl: False 5
        index_prefix: <splunk_log_index_name> 6
        ssl_ca_path: <location_to_ssl-ca-cert.pem> 7
# ...
```
  1
  String. The Splunk cluster endpoint.
  2
  Integer. The Splunk management cluster endpoint port. Differs from the Splunk GUI hosted port. Can be found on the Splunk UI under Settings Server Settings General Settings.
  3
  String. The generated bearer token for Splunk.
  4
  String. The URL scheme for access the Splunk service. If Splunk is configured to use TLS/SSL, this must be https.
  5
  Boolean. Whether to enable TLS/SSL. Defaults to true.
  6
  String. The Splunk index prefix. Can be a new, or used, index. Can be created from the Splunk UI.
  7
  String. The relative container path to a single .pem file containing a certificate authority (CA) for TLS/SSL validation.
2. If opting to use Splunk HEC, open your Red Hat Quay config.yaml file and add the following configuration fields:
```
# ...
LOGS_MODEL: splunk
LOGS_MODEL_CONFIG:
  producer: splunk_hec 1
  splunk_hec_config: 2
    host: prd-p-aaaaaq.splunkcloud.com 3
    port: 8088 4
    hec_token: 12345678-1234-1234-1234-1234567890ab 5
    url_scheme: https 6
    verify_ssl: False 7
    index: quay 8
    splunk_host: quay-dev 9
    splunk_sourcetype: quay_logs 10
# ...
```
  1
  Specify splunk_hec when configuring Splunk HEC.
  2
  Logs model configuration for Splunk HTTP event collector action logs configuration.
  3
  The Splunk cluster endpoint.
  4
  Splunk management cluster endpoint port.
  5
  HEC token for Splunk.
  6
  The URL scheme for access the Splunk service. If Splunk is behind SSL/TLS, must be https.
  7
  Boolean. Enable (true) or disable (false) SSL/TLS verification for HTTPS connections.
  8
  The Splunk index to use.
  9
  The host name to log this event.
  10
  The name of the Splunk sourcetype to use.
If you are configuring ssl_ca_path, you must configure the SSL/TLS certificate so that Red Hat Quay will trust it.
1. If you are using a standalone deployment of Red Hat Quay, SSL/TLS certificates can be provided by placing the certificate file inside of the extra_ca_certs directory, or inside of the relative container path and specified by ssl_ca_path.
2. If you are using the Red Hat Quay Operator, create a config bundle secret, including the certificate authority (CA) of the Splunk server. For example:
```
$ oc create secret generic --from-file config.yaml=./config_390.yaml --from-file extra_ca_cert_splunkserver.crt=./splunkserver.crt config-bundle-secret
```
  Specify the conf/stack/extra_ca_certs/splunkserver.crt file in your config.yaml. For example:
```
# ...
LOGS_MODEL: splunk
LOGS_MODEL_CONFIG:
    producer: splunk
    splunk_config:
        host: ec2-12-345-67-891.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com
        port: 8089
        bearer_token: eyJra
        url_scheme: https
        verify_ssl: true
        index_prefix: quay123456
        ssl_ca_path: conf/stack/splunkserver.crt
# ...
```

6.2.4. Creating an action log

Use the following procedure to create a user account that can forward action logs to Splunk.

Important

You must use the Splunk UI to view Red Hat Quay action logs. At this time, viewing Splunk action logs on the Red Hat Quay Usage Logs page is unsupported, and returns the following message: Method not implemented. Splunk does not support log lookups.

Prerequisites

You have installed Splunk and created a username.
You have generated a Splunk bearer token.
You have configured your Red Hat Quay config.yaml file to enable Splunk.

Procedure

Log in to your Red Hat Quay deployment.
Click on the name of the organization that you will use to create an action log for Splunk.
In the navigation pane, click Robot Accounts Create Robot Account.
When prompted, enter a name for the robot account, for example spunkrobotaccount, then click Create robot account.
On your browser, open the Splunk UI.
Click Search and Reporting.
In the search bar, enter the name of your index, for example, <splunk_log_index_name> and press Enter.
The search results populate on the Splunk UI. Logs are forwarded in JSON format. A response might look similar to the following:
```
{
  "log_data": {
    "kind": "authentication", 1
    "account": "quayuser123", 2
    "performer": "John Doe", 3
    "repository": "projectQuay", 4
    "ip": "192.168.1.100", 5
    "metadata_json": {...}, 6
    "datetime": "2024-02-06T12:30:45Z" 7
  }
}
```
1
Specifies the type of log event. In this example, authentication indicates that the log entry relates to an authentication event.
2
The user account involved in the event.
3
The individual who performed the action.
4
The repository associated with the event.
5
The IP address from which the action was performed.
6
Might contain additional metadata related to the event.
7
The timestamp of when the event occurred.

6.3. Understanding usage logs

By default, usage logs are stored in the Red Hat Quay database. They are exposed through the web UI, on the organization and repository levels, and in the Superuser Admin Panel.

Database logs capture a wide ranges of events in Red Hat Quay, such as the changing of account plans, user actions, and general operations. Log entries include information such as the action performed (kind_id), the user who performed the action (account_id or performer_id), the timestamp (datetime), and other relevant data associated with the action (metadata_json).

6.3.1. Viewing database logs

The following procedure shows you how to view repository logs that are stored in a PostgreSQL database.

Prerequisites

You have administrative privileges.
You have installed the psql CLI tool.

Procedure

Enter the following command to log in to your Red Hat Quay PostgreSQL database:

$ psql -h <quay-server.example.com> -p 5432 -U <user_name> -d <database_name>

Example output

psql (16.1, server 13.7)
Type "help" for help.

Optional. Enter the following command to display the tables list of your PostgreSQL database:

quay=> \dt

Example output

                   List of relations
 Schema |            Name            | Type  |  Owner
--------+----------------------------+-------+----------
 public | logentry                   | table | quayuser
 public | logentry2                  | table | quayuser
 public | logentry3                  | table | quayuser
 public | logentrykind               | table | quayuser
...

You can enter the following command to return a list of repository_ids that are required to return log information:

quay=> SELECT id, name FROM repository;

Example output

 id |        name
----+---------------------
  3 | new_repository_name
  6 | api-repo
  7 | busybox
...

Enter the following command to use the logentry3 relation to show log information about one of your repositories:
```
SELECT * FROM logentry3 WHERE repository_id = <repository_id>;
```
Example output
```
 id | kind_id | account_id | performer_id | repository_id | datetime | ip |    metadata_json

 59 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 2024-05-13 15:51:01.897189 | 192.168.1.130 | {"repo": "api-repo", "namespace": "test-org"}
```
In the above example, the following information is returned:
```
{
  "log_data": {
    "id": 59 1
    "kind_id": "14", 2
    "account_id": "2", 3
    "performer_id": "1", 4
    "repository_id": "6", 5
    "ip": "192.168.1.100", 6
    "metadata_json": {"repo": "api-repo", "namespace": "test-org"} 7
    "datetime": "2024-05-13 15:51:01.897189" 8
  }
}
```
1
The unique identifier for the log entry.
2
The action that was done. In this example, it was 14. The key, or table, in the following section shows you that this kind_id is related to the creation of a repository.
3
The account that performed the action.
4
The performer of the action.
5
The repository that the action was done on. In this example, 6 correlates to the api-repo that was discovered in Step 3.
6
The IP address where the action was performed.
7
Metadata information, including the name of the repository and its namespace.
8
The time when the action was performed.

6.3.2. Log entry kind_ids

The following table represents the kind_ids associated with Red Hat Quay actions.

kind_id	Action	Description
1	account_change_cc	Change of credit card information.
2	account_change_password	Change of account password.
3	account_change_plan	Change of account plan.
4	account_convert	Account conversion.
5	add_repo_accesstoken	Adding an access token to a repository.
6	add_repo_notification	Adding a notification to a repository.
7	add_repo_permission	Adding permissions to a repository.
8	add_repo_webhook	Adding a webhook to a repository.
9	build_dockerfile	Building a Dockerfile.
10	change_repo_permission	Changing permissions of a repository.
11	change_repo_visibility	Changing the visibility of a repository.
12	create_application	Creating an application.
13	create_prototype_permission	Creating permissions for a prototype.
14	create_repo	Creating a repository.
15	create_robot	Creating a robot (service account or bot).
16	create_tag	Creating a tag.
17	delete_application	Deleting an application.
18	delete_prototype_permission	Deleting permissions for a prototype.
19	delete_repo	Deleting a repository.
20	delete_repo_accesstoken	Deleting an access token from a repository.
21	delete_repo_notification	Deleting a notification from a repository.
22	delete_repo_permission	Deleting permissions from a repository.
23	delete_repo_trigger	Deleting a repository trigger.
24	delete_repo_webhook	Deleting a webhook from a repository.
25	delete_robot	Deleting a robot.
26	delete_tag	Deleting a tag.
27	manifest_label_add	Adding a label to a manifest.
28	manifest_label_delete	Deleting a label from a manifest.
29	modify_prototype_permission	Modifying permissions for a prototype.
30	move_tag	Moving a tag.
31	org_add_team_member	Adding a member to a team.
32	org_create_team	Creating a team within an organization.
33	org_delete_team	Deleting a team within an organization.
34	org_delete_team_member_invite	Deleting a team member invitation.
35	org_invite_team_member	Inviting a member to a team in an organization.
36	org_remove_team_member	Removing a member from a team.
37	org_set_team_description	Setting the description of a team.
38	org_set_team_role	Setting the role of a team.
39	org_team_member_invite_accepted	Acceptance of a team member invitation.
40	org_team_member_invite_declined	Declining of a team member invitation.
41	pull_repo	Pull from a repository.
42	push_repo	Push to a repository.
43	regenerate_robot_token	Regenerating a robot token.
44	repo_verb	Generic repository action (specifics might be defined elsewhere).
45	reset_application_client_secret	Resetting the client secret of an application.
46	revert_tag	Reverting a tag.
47	service_key_approve	Approving a service key.
48	service_key_create	Creating a service key.
49	service_key_delete	Deleting a service key.
50	service_key_extend	Extending a service key.
51	service_key_modify	Modifying a service key.
52	service_key_rotate	Rotating a service key.
53	setup_repo_trigger	Setting up a repository trigger.
54	set_repo_description	Setting the description of a repository.
55	take_ownership	Taking ownership of a resource.
56	update_application	Updating an application.
57	change_repo_trust	Changing the trust level of a repository.
58	reset_repo_notification	Resetting repository notifications.
59	change_tag_expiration	Changing the expiration date of a tag.
60	create_app_specific_token	Creating an application-specific token.
61	revoke_app_specific_token	Revoking an application-specific token.
62	toggle_repo_trigger	Toggling a repository trigger on or off.
63	repo_mirror_enabled	Enabling repository mirroring.
64	repo_mirror_disabled	Disabling repository mirroring.
65	repo_mirror_config_changed	Changing the configuration of repository mirroring.
66	repo_mirror_sync_started	Starting a repository mirror sync.
67	repo_mirror_sync_failed	Repository mirror sync failed.
68	repo_mirror_sync_success	Repository mirror sync succeeded.
69	repo_mirror_sync_now_requested	Immediate repository mirror sync requested.
70	repo_mirror_sync_tag_success	Repository mirror tag sync succeeded.
71	repo_mirror_sync_tag_failed	Repository mirror tag sync failed.
72	repo_mirror_sync_test_success	Repository mirror sync test succeeded.
73	repo_mirror_sync_test_failed	Repository mirror sync test failed.
74	repo_mirror_sync_test_started	Repository mirror sync test started.
75	change_repo_state	Changing the state of a repository.
76	create_proxy_cache_config	Creating proxy cache configuration.
77	delete_proxy_cache_config	Deleting proxy cache configuration.
78	start_build_trigger	Starting a build trigger.
79	cancel_build	Cancelling a build.
80	org_create	Creating an organization.
81	org_delete	Deleting an organization.
82	org_change_email	Changing organization email.
83	org_change_invoicing	Changing organization invoicing.
84	org_change_tag_expiration	Changing organization tag expiration.
85	org_change_name	Changing organization name.
86	user_create	Creating a user.
87	user_delete	Deleting a user.
88	user_disable	Disabling a user.
89	user_enable	Enabling a user.
90	user_change_email	Changing user email.
91	user_change_password	Changing user password.
92	user_change_name	Changing user name.
93	user_change_invoicing	Changing user invoicing.
94	user_change_tag_expiration	Changing user tag expiration.
95	user_change_metadata	Changing user metadata.
96	user_generate_client_key	Generating a client key for a user.
97	login_success	Successful login.
98	logout_success	Successful logout.
99	permanently_delete_tag	Permanently deleting a tag.
100	autoprune_tag_delete	Auto-pruning tag deletion.
101	create_namespace_autoprune_policy	Creating namespace auto-prune policy.
102	update_namespace_autoprune_policy	Updating namespace auto-prune policy.
103	delete_namespace_autoprune_policy	Deleting namespace auto-prune policy.
104	login_failure	Failed login attempt.

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Chapter 6. Configuring action log storage for Elasticsearch and Splunk

6.1. Configuring action log storage for Elasticsearch

6.2. Configuring action log storage for Splunk

6.2.1. Installing and creating a username for Splunk

6.2.2. Generating a Splunk token

6.2.2.1. Generating a Splunk token using the Splunk UI

6.2.2.2. Generating a Splunk token using the CLI

6.2.3. Configuring Red Hat Quay to use Splunk

6.2.4. Creating an action log

6.3. Understanding usage logs

6.3.1. Viewing database logs

6.3.2. Log entry kind_ids

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