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Chapter 2. Installing Capsule Server

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Before you install Capsule Server, you must ensure that your environment meets the requirements for installation. For more information, see Preparing your Environment for Installation.

2.1. Registering to Satellite Server

Use this procedure to register the base operating system on which you want to install Capsule Server to Satellite Server.

Red Hat Subscription Manifest Prerequisites

  • On Satellite Server, a manifest must be installed and it must contain the appropriate repositories for the organization you want Capsule to belong to.
  • The manifest must contain repositories for the base operating system on which you want to install Capsule, as well as any clients that you want to connect to Capsule.
  • The repositories must be synchronized.

For more information on manifests and repositories, see Managing Red Hat Subscriptions in Managing Content.

Proxy and Network Prerequisites

  • The Satellite Server base operating system must be able to resolve the host name of the Capsule base operating system and vice versa.
  • Ensure HTTPS connection using client certificate authentication is possible between Capsule Server and Satellite Server. HTTP proxies between Capsule Server and Satellite Server are not supported.
  • You must configure the host and network-based firewalls accordingly. For more information, see Ports and Firewalls Requirements. You can register hosts with Satellite using the host registration feature, the Satellite API, or Hammer CLI.

Procedure

  1. In the Satellite web UI, navigate to Hosts > Register Host.
  2. Click Generate to create the registration command.
  3. Click on the files icon to copy the command to your clipboard.
  4. Log in to the host you want register and run the previously generated command.
  5. Check the /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo file and ensure that the appropriate repositories have been enabled.

CLI procedure

  1. Generate the host registration command using the Hammer CLI:

    # hammer host-registration generate-command \
    --activation-keys "My_Activation_Key"

    If your hosts do not trust the SSL certificate of Satellite Server, you can disable SSL validation by adding the --insecure flag to the registration command.

    # hammer host-registration generate-command \
    --activation-keys "My_Activation_Key" \
    --insecure true
  2. Log in to the host you want register and run the previously generated command.
  3. Check the /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo file and ensure that the appropriate repositories have been enabled.

API procedure

  1. Generate the host registration command using the Satellite API:

    # curl -X POST https://satellite.example.com/api/registration_commands \
    --user "My_User_Name" \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d '{ "registration_command": { "activation_keys": ["My_Activation_Key_1, My_Activation_Key_2"] }}'

    If your hosts do not trust the SSL certificate of Satellite Server, you can disable SSL validation by adding the --insecure flag to the registration command.

    # curl -X POST https://satellite.example.com/api/registration_commands \
    --user "My_User_Name" \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d '{ "registration_command": { "activation_keys": ["My_Activation_Key_1, My_Activation_Key_2"], "insecure": true }}'

    Use an activation key to simplify specifying the environments. For more information, see Managing Activation Keys in Managing Content.

    To enter a password as command line argument, use username:password syntax. Keep in mind this can save the password in the shell history.

    For more information about registration see Registering a Host to Red Hat Satellite in Managing Hosts.

  2. Log in to the host you want register and run the previously generated command.
  3. Check the /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo file and ensure that the appropriate repositories have been enabled.

2.2. Attaching the Satellite Infrastructure Subscription

Note

Skip this step if you have SCA enabled on Satellite. There is no requirement of attaching the Red Hat Satellite Infrastructure Subscription to the Capsule Server using subscription-manager. For more information about SCA, see Simple Content Access.

After you have registered Capsule Server, you must identify your subscription Pool ID and attach an available subscription. The Red Hat Satellite Infrastructure subscription provides access to the Red Hat Satellite and Red Hat Enterprise Linux content. For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, it also provides access to Red Hat Software Collections (RHSCL). This is the only subscription required.

Red Hat Satellite Infrastructure is included with all subscriptions that include Satellite, formerly known as Smart Management. For more information, see Satellite Infrastructure Subscriptions MCT3718 MCT3719 in the Red Hat Knowledgebase.

Subscriptions are classified as available if they are not already attached to a system. If you are unable to find an available Satellite subscription, see the Red Hat Knowledgebase solution How do I figure out which subscriptions have been consumed by clients registered under Red Hat Subscription Manager? to run a script to see if another system is consuming your subscription.

Procedure

  1. Identify the Pool ID of the Satellite Infrastructure subscription:

    # subscription-manager list --all --available --matches 'Red Hat Satellite Infrastructure Subscription'

    The command displays output similar to the following:

    Subscription Name:   Red Hat Satellite Infrastructure Subscription
    Provides:            Red Hat Satellite
                         Red Hat Software Collections (for RHEL Server)
                         Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for x86_64
                         Red Hat Satellite Capsule
                         Red Hat Ansible Engine
                         Red Hat Satellite with Embedded Oracle
                         Red Hat Satellite 5 Managed DB
                         Red Hat Enterprise Linux Load Balancer (for RHEL Server)
                         Red Hat Beta
                         Red Hat Software Collections Beta (for RHEL Server)
                         Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server
                         Red Hat Enterprise Linux for x86_64
                         Red Hat Satellite Proxy
                         Red Hat Enterprise Linux High Availability for x86_64
                         Red Hat Discovery
    SKU:                 MCT3718
    Contract:
    Pool ID:             8aca43dd771bf31101771c0231f906a5
    Provides Management: Yes
    Available:           10
    Suggested:           1
    Service Type:        L1-L3
    Roles:
    Service Level:       Premium
    Usage:
    Add-ons:
    Subscription Type:   Standard
    Starts:              11/11/2020
    Ends:                11/11/2023
    Entitlement Type:    Physical
  2. Make a note of the subscription Pool ID. Your subscription Pool ID is different from the example provided.
  3. Attach the Satellite Infrastructure subscription to the base operating system that your Capsule Server is running on. If SCA is enabled on Satellite Server, you can skip this step:

    # subscription-manager attach --pool=pool_id

    The command displays output similar to the following:

    Successfully attached a subscription for: Red Hat Satellite Infrastructure Subscription
  4. Optional: Verify that the Satellite Infrastructure subscription is attached:

    # subscription-manager list --consumed

2.3. Configuring Repositories

Use this procedure to enable the repositories that are required to install Capsule Server.

  1. Disable all repositories:

    # subscription-manager repos --disable "*"
  2. Enable the following repositories:

    # subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms \
    --enable=rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms \
    --enable=satellite-capsule-6.12-for-rhel-8-x86_64-rpms \
    --enable=satellite-maintenance-6.12-for-rhel-8-x86_64-rpms
  3. Enable the module:

    # dnf module enable satellite-capsule:el8
    Note

    Enablement of the module satellite:el8 warns about a conflict with postgresql:10 and ruby:2.5 as these modules are set to the default module versions on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8. The module satellite:el8 has a dependency for the modules postgresql:12 and ruby:2.7 that will be enabled with the satellite:el8 module. These warnings do not cause installation process failure, hence can be ignored safely. For more information about modules and lifecycle streams on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8, see Red Hat Enterprise Linux Application Streams Life Cycle.

    Note

    If you are installing Capsule Server as a virtual machine hosted on Red Hat Virtualization, you must also enable the Red Hat Common repository, and install Red Hat Virtualization guest agents and drivers. For more information, see Installing the Guest Agents and Drivers on Red Hat Enterprise Linux in the Virtual Machine Management Guide.

  4. Clear any metadata:

    # dnf clean all
  5. Optional: Verify that the required repositories are enabled:

    # dnf repolist enabled

2.4. Installing Capsule Server Packages

Before installing Capsule Server packages, you must update all packages that are installed on the base operating system.

Procedure

To install Capsule Server, complete the following steps:

  1. Update all packages:

    # dnf update
  2. Install the Satellite Server packages:

    # dnf install satellite-capsule

2.5. Synchronizing the System Clock With chronyd

To minimize the effects of time drift, you must synchronize the system clock on the base operating system on which you want to install Capsule Server with Network Time Protocol (NTP) servers. If the base operating system clock is configured incorrectly, certificate verification might fail.

For more information about the chrony suite, see Using the Chrony suite to configure NTP in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Configuring basic system settings.

Procedure

  1. Install the chrony package:

    # dnf install chrony
  2. Start and enable the chronyd service:

    # systemctl enable --now chronyd

2.6. Configuring Capsule Server with SSL Certificates

Red Hat Satellite uses SSL certificates to enable encrypted communications between Satellite Server, external Capsule Servers, and all hosts. Depending on the requirements of your organization, you must configure your Capsule Server with a default or custom certificate.

2.6.1. Configuring Capsule Server with a Default SSL Certificate

Use this section to configure Capsule Server with an SSL certificate that is signed by Satellite Server default Certificate Authority (CA).

Prerequisites

Procedure

  1. On Satellite Server, to store all the source certificate files for your Capsule Server, create a directory that is accessible only to the root user, for example /root/capsule_cert:

    # mkdir /root/capsule_cert
  2. On Satellite Server, generate the /root/capsule_cert/capsule.example.com-certs.tar certificate archive for your Capsule Server:

    # capsule-certs-generate \
    --foreman-proxy-fqdn capsule.example.com \
    --certs-tar /root/capsule_cert/capsule.example.com-certs.tar

    Retain a copy of the satellite-installer command that the capsule-certs-generate command returns for deploying the certificate to your Capsule Server.

    Example output of capsule-certs-generate

    output omitted
    satellite-installer --scenario capsule \
    --certs-tar-file "/root/capsule_cert/capsule.example.com-certs.tar" \
    --foreman-proxy-register-in-foreman "true" \
    --foreman-proxy-foreman-base-url "https://satellite.example.com" \
    --foreman-proxy-trusted-hosts "satellite.example.com" \
    --foreman-proxy-trusted-hosts "capsule.example.com" \
    --foreman-proxy-oauth-consumer-key "s97QxvUAgFNAQZNGg4F9zLq2biDsxM7f" \
    --foreman-proxy-oauth-consumer-secret "6bpzAdMpRAfYaVZtaepYetomgBVQ6ehY"

  3. On Satellite Server, copy the certificate archive file to your Capsule Server:

    # scp /root/capsule_cert/capsule.example.com-certs.tar \
    root@capsule.example.com:/root/capsule.example.com-certs.tar
  4. On Capsule Server, to deploy the certificate, enter the satellite-installer command that the capsule-certs-generate command returns.

    When network connections or ports to Satellite are not yet open, you can set the --foreman-proxy-register-in-foreman option to false to prevent Capsule from attempting to connect to Satellite and reporting errors. Run the installer again with this option set to true when the network and firewalls are correctly configured.

    Important

    Do not delete the certificate archive file after you deploy the certificate. It is required, for example, when upgrading Capsule Server.

2.6.2. Configuring Capsule Server with a Custom SSL Certificate

If you configure Satellite Server to use a custom SSL certificate, you must also configure each of your external Capsule Servers with a distinct custom SSL certificate.

To configure your Capsule Server with a custom certificate, complete the following procedures on each Capsule Server:

2.6.2.1. Creating a Custom SSL Certificate for Capsule Server

On Satellite Server, create a custom certificate for your Capsule Server. If you already have a custom SSL certificate for Capsule Server, skip this procedure.

Procedure

  1. To store all the source certificate files, create a directory that is accessible only to the root user:

    # mkdir /root/capsule_cert
  2. Create a private key with which to sign the certificate signing request (CSR).

    Note that the private key must be unencrypted. If you use a password-protected private key, remove the private key password.

    If you already have a private key for this Capsule Server, skip this step.

    # openssl genrsa -out /root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert_key.pem 4096
  3. Create the /root/capsule_cert/openssl.cnf configuration file for the CSR and include the following content:

    [ req ]
    req_extensions = v3_req
    distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
    x509_extensions = usr_cert
    prompt = no
    
    [ req_distinguished_name ]
    CN = capsule.example.com
    
    [ v3_req ]
    basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
    keyUsage = digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, dataEncipherment
    extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth, clientAuth, codeSigning, emailProtection
    subjectAltName = @alt_names
    
    [ usr_cert ]
    basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
    nsCertType = client, server, email
    keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
    extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth, clientAuth, codeSigning, emailProtection
    nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"
    subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
    authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
    
    [ alt_names ]
    DNS.1 = capsule.example.com

    Optional: If you want to add Distinguished Name (DN) details to the CSR, add the following information to the [ req_distinguished_name ] section:

    [req_distinguished_name]
    CN = capsule.example.com
    countryName =My_Country_Name 1
    stateOrProvinceName = My_State_Or_Province_Name 2
    localityName = My_Locality_Name 3
    organizationName = My_Organization_Or_Company_Name
    organizationalUnitName = My_Organizational_Unit_Name 4
    1
    Two letter code
    2
    Full name
    3
    Full name (example: New York)
    4
    Division responsible for the certificate (example: IT department)
  4. Generate CSR:

    # openssl req -new \
    -key /root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert_key.pem \ 1
    -config /root/capsule_cert/openssl.cnf \ 2
    -out /root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert_csr.pem 3
    1
    Path to the private key
    2
    Path to the configuration file
    3
    Path to the CSR to generate
  5. Send the certificate signing request to the certificate authority (CA). The same CA must sign certificates for Satellite Server and Capsule Server.

    When you submit the request, specify the lifespan of the certificate. The method for sending the certificate request varies, so consult the CA for the preferred method. In response to the request, you can expect to receive a CA bundle and a signed certificate, in separate files.

2.6.2.2. Deploying a Custom SSL Certificate to Capsule Server

Use this procedure to configure your Capsule Server with a custom SSL certificate signed by a Certificate Authority. The satellite-installer command, which the capsule-certs-generate command returns, is unique to each Capsule Server. Do not use the same command on more than one Capsule Server.

Prerequisites

Procedure

  1. On Satellite Server, validate the custom SSL certificate input files:

    # katello-certs-check \
    -t capsule -c /root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert.pem \      1
    -k /root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert_key.pem \  2
    -b /root/capsule_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem      3
    1
    Path to Capsule Server certificate file that is signed by a Certificate Authority.
    2
    Path to the private key that was used to sign Capsule Server certificate.
    3
    Path to the Certificate Authority bundle.

    If you set a wildcard value * for the certificate’s Common Name CN = in the /root/capsule_cert/openssl.cnf configuration file, you must add the -t capsule option to the katello-certs-check command.

    If the command is successful, it returns two capsule-certs-generate commands, one of which you must use to generate the certificate archive file for your Capsule Server.

    Example output of katello-certs-check

    Validation succeeded.
    
    To use them inside a NEW $CAPSULE, run this command:
    
    capsule-certs-generate --foreman-proxy-fqdn "$CAPSULE" \
        --certs-tar  "~/$CAPSULE-certs.tar" \
        --server-cert "/root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert.pem" \
        --server-key "/root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert_key.pem" \
        --server-ca-cert "/root/capsule_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem" \
    
    To use them inside an EXISTING $CAPSULE, run this command INSTEAD:
    
      capsule-certs-generate --foreman-proxy-fqdn "$CAPSULE" \
        --certs-tar "~/$CAPSULE-certs.tar" \
        --server-cert "/root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert.pem" \
        --server-key "/root/capsule_cert/capsule_cert_key.pem" \
        --server-ca-cert "/root/capsule_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem" \
        --certs-update-server

  2. On Satellite Server, from the output of the katello-certs-check command, depending on your requirements, enter the capsule-certs-generate command that generates a certificate for a new or existing Capsule.

    In this command, change $CAPSULE to the FQDN of your Capsule Server.

  3. Retain a copy of the satellite-installer command that the capsule-certs-generate command returns for deploying the certificate to your Capsule Server.

    Example output of capsule-certs-generate

    output omitted
    satellite-installer --scenario capsule \
    --certs-tar-file "/root/capsule.example.com-certs.tar" \
    --foreman-proxy-register-in-foreman "true" \
    --foreman-proxy-foreman-base-url "https://satellite.example.com" \
    --foreman-proxy-trusted-hosts "satellite.example.com" \
    --foreman-proxy-trusted-hosts "capsule.example.com" \
    --foreman-proxy-oauth-consumer-key "s97QxvUAgFNAQZNGg4F9zLq2biDsxM7f" \
    --foreman-proxy-oauth-consumer-secret "6bpzAdMpRAfYaVZtaepYetomgBVQ6ehY"

  4. On Satellite Server, copy the certificate archive file to your Capsule Server:

    # scp /root/capsule_cert/capsule.example.com-certs.tar \
    root@capsule.example.com:/root/capsule.example.com-certs.tar
  5. On Capsule Server, to deploy the certificate, enter the satellite-installer command that the capsule-certs-generate command returns.

    When network connections or ports to Satellite are not yet open, you can set the --foreman-proxy-register-in-foreman option to false to prevent Capsule from attempting to connect to Satellite and reporting errors. Run the installer again with this option set to true when the network and firewalls are correctly configured.

    Important

    Do not delete the certificate archive file after you deploy the certificate. It is required, for example, when upgrading Capsule Server.

2.6.2.3. Deploying a Custom SSL Certificate to Hosts

After you configure Capsule Server to use a custom SSL certificate, you must also install the katello-ca-consumer package on every host that is registered to this Capsule Server.

Procedure

  • On each host, install the katello-ca-consumer package:

    # dnf install http://capsule.example.com/pub/katello-ca-consumer-latest.noarch.rpm

2.7. Assigning the Correct Organization and Location to Capsule Server in the Satellite web UI

After installing Capsule Server packages, if there is more than one organization or location, you must assign the correct organization and location to Capsule to make Capsule visible in the Satellite web UI.

Note

Assigning a Capsule to the same location as your Satellite Server with an embedded Capsule prevents Red Hat Insights from uploading the Insights inventory. To enable the inventory upload, synchronize SSH keys for both Capsules.

Procedure

  1. Log into the Satellite web UI.
  2. From the Organization list in the upper-left of the screen, select Any Organization.
  3. From the Location list in the upper-left of the screen, select Any Location.
  4. In the Satellite web UI, navigate to Hosts > All Hosts and select Capsule Server.
  5. From the Select Actions list, select Assign Organization.
  6. From the Organization list, select the organization where you want to assign this Capsule.
  7. Click Fix Organization on Mismatch.
  8. Click Submit.
  9. Select Capsule Server. From the Select Actions list, select Assign Location.
  10. From the Location list, select the location where you want to assign this Capsule.
  11. Click Fix Location on Mismatch.
  12. Click Submit.
  13. In the Satellite web UI, navigate to Administer > Organizations and click the organization to which you have assigned Capsule.
  14. Click Capsules tab and ensure that Capsule Server is listed under the Selected items list, then click Submit.
  15. In the Satellite web UI, navigate to Administer > Locations and click the location to which you have assigned Capsule.
  16. Click Capsules tab and ensure that Capsule Server is listed under the Selected items list, then click Submit.

Verification

Optionally, you can verify if Capsule Server is correctly listed in the Satellite web UI.

  1. Select the organization from the Organization list.
  2. Select the location from the Location list.
  3. In the Satellite web UI, navigate to Hosts > All Hosts.
  4. In the Satellite web UI, navigate to Infrastructure > Capsules.
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