2.2.6. Mapping composite primary and foreign keys
Composite primary keys use a embedded class as the primary key representation, so you'd use the
@Id and @Embeddable annotations. Alternatively, you can use the @EmbeddedId annotation. Note that the dependent class has to be serializable and implements equals()/hashCode(). You can also use @IdClass as described in Section 2.2.3, “Mapping identifier properties”.
@Entity
public class RegionalArticle implements Serializable {
@Id
public RegionalArticlePk getPk() { ... }
}
@Embeddable
public class RegionalArticlePk implements Serializable { ... }
or alternatively
@Entity
public class RegionalArticle implements Serializable {
@EmbeddedId
public RegionalArticlePk getPk() { ... }
}
public class RegionalArticlePk implements Serializable { ... }
@Embeddable inherit the access type of its owning entity unless the Hibernate specific annotation @AccessType is used. Composite foreign keys (if not using the default sensitive values) are defined on associations using the @JoinColumns element, which is basically an array of @JoinColumn. It is considered a good practice to express referencedColumnNames explicitly. Otherwise, Hibernate will suppose that you use the same order of columns as in the primary key declaration.
@Entity
public class Parent implements Serializable {
@Id
public ParentPk id;
public int age;
@OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumns ({
@JoinColumn(name="parentCivility", referencedColumnName = "isMale"),
@JoinColumn(name="parentLastName", referencedColumnName = "lastName"),
@JoinColumn(name="parentFirstName", referencedColumnName = "firstName")
})
public Set<Child> children; //unidirectional
...
}
@Entity
public class Child implements Serializable {
@Id @GeneratedValue
public Integer id;
@ManyToOne
@JoinColumns ({
@JoinColumn(name="parentCivility", referencedColumnName = "isMale"),
@JoinColumn(name="parentLastName", referencedColumnName = "lastName"),
@JoinColumn(name="parentFirstName", referencedColumnName = "firstName")
})
public Parent parent; //unidirectional
}
@Embeddable
public class ParentPk implements Serializable {
String firstName;
String lastName;
...
}
Note the explicit usage of the
referencedColumnName.
