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Chapter 17. Admin CLI

With Red Hat build of Keycloak, you can perform administration tasks from the command-line interface (CLI) by using the Admin CLI command-line tool.

17.1. Installing the Admin CLI

Red Hat build of Keycloak packages the Admin CLI server distribution with the execution scripts in the bin directory.

The Linux script is called kcadm.sh, and the script for Windows is called kcadm.bat. Add the Red Hat build of Keycloak server directory to your PATH to use the client from any location on your file system.

For example:

  • Linux:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ export PATH=$PATH:$KEYCLOAK_HOME/bin
$ kcadm.sh

  • Windows:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    c:\> set PATH=%PATH%;%KEYCLOAK_HOME%\bin
c:\> kcadm
Note

You must set the KEYCLOAK_HOME environment variable to the path where you extracted the Red Hat build of Keycloak Server distribution.

To avoid repetition, the rest of this document only uses Windows examples in places where the CLI differences are more than just in the kcadm command name.

17.2. Using the Admin CLI

The Admin CLI makes HTTP requests to Admin REST endpoints. Access to the Admin REST endpoints requires authentication.

Note

Consult the Admin REST API documentation for details about JSON attributes for specific endpoints.

  1. Start an authenticated session by logging in. You can now perform create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) operations.

    For example:

    • Linux:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      $ kcadm.sh config credentials --server http://localhost:8080 --realm demo --user admin --client admin
$ kcadm.sh create realms -s realm=demorealm -s enabled=true -o
$ CID=$(kcadm.sh create clients -r demorealm -s clientId=my_client -s 'redirectUris=["http://localhost:8980/myapp/*"]' -i)
$ kcadm.sh get clients/$CID/installation/providers/keycloak-oidc-keycloak-json

    • Windows:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      c:\> kcadm config credentials --server http://localhost:8080 --realm demo --user admin --client admin
c:\> kcadm create realms -s realm=demorealm -s enabled=true -o
c:\> kcadm create clients -r demorealm -s clientId=my_client -s "redirectUris=[\"http://localhost:8980/myapp/*\"]" -i > clientid.txt
c:\> set /p CID=<clientid.txt
c:\> kcadm get clients/%CID%/installation/providers/keycloak-oidc-keycloak-json

  2. In a production environment, access Red Hat build of Keycloak by using https: to avoid exposing tokens. If a trusted certificate authority, included in Java’s default certificate truststore, has not issued a server’s certificate, prepare a truststore.jks file and instruct the Admin CLI to use it.

    For example:

    • Linux:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      $ kcadm.sh config truststore --trustpass $PASSWORD ~/.keycloak/truststore.jks

    • Windows:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      c:\> kcadm config truststore --trustpass %PASSWORD% %HOMEPATH%\.keycloak\truststore.jks

17.3. Authenticating

When you log in with the Admin CLI, you specify:

  • A server endpoint URL
  • A realm
  • A user name

Another option is to specify a clientId only, which creates a unique service account for you to use.

When you log in using a user name, use a password for the specified user. When you log in using a clientId, you need the client secret only, not the user password. You can also use the Signed JWT rather than the client secret.

Ensure the account used for the session has the proper permissions to invoke Admin REST API operations. For example, the realm-admin role of the realm-management client can administer the realm of the user.

Two primary mechanisms are available for authentication. One mechanism uses kcadm config credentials to start an authenticated session.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh config credentials --server http://localhost:8080 --realm master --user admin --password admin

This mechanism maintains an authenticated session between the kcadm command invocations by saving the obtained access token and its associated refresh token. It can maintain other secrets in a private configuration file. See the next chapter for more information.

The second mechanism authenticates each command invocation for the duration of the invocation. This mechanism increases the load on the server and the time spent on round trips obtaining tokens. The benefit of this approach is that it is unnecessary to save tokens between invocations, so nothing is saved to disk. Red Hat build of Keycloak uses this mode when the --no-config argument is specified.

For example, when performing an operation, specify all the information required for authentication.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get realms --no-config --server http://localhost:8080 --realm master --user admin --password admin

Run the kcadm.sh help command for more information on using the Admin CLI.

Run the kcadm.sh config credentials --help command for more information about starting an authenticated session.

17.4. Working with alternative configurations

By default, the Admin CLI maintains a configuration file named kcadm.config. Red Hat build of Keycloak places this file in the user’s home directory. In Linux-based systems, the full pathname is $HOME/.keycloak/kcadm.config. In Windows, the full pathname is %HOMEPATH%\.keycloak\kcadm.config.

You can use the --config option to point to a different file or location so you can maintain multiple authenticated sessions in parallel.

Note

Perform operations tied to a single configuration file from a single thread.

Ensure the configuration file is invisible to other users on the system. It contains access tokens and secrets that must be private. Red Hat build of Keycloak creates the ~/.keycloak directory and its contents automatically with proper access limits. If the directory already exists, Red Hat build of Keycloak does not update the directory’s permissions.

It is possible to avoid storing secrets inside a configuration file, but doing so is inconvenient and increases the number of token requests. Use the --no-config option with all commands and specify the authentication information the config credentials command requires with each invocation of kcadm.

17.5. Basic operations and resource URIs

The Admin CLI can generically perform CRUD operations against Admin REST API endpoints with additional commands that simplify particular tasks.

The main usage pattern is listed here:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create ENDPOINT [ARGUMENTS]
$ kcadm.sh get ENDPOINT [ARGUMENTS]
$ kcadm.sh update ENDPOINT [ARGUMENTS]
$ kcadm.sh delete ENDPOINT [ARGUMENTS]

The create, get, update, and delete commands map to the HTTP verbs POST, GET, PUT, and DELETE, respectively. ENDPOINT is a target resource URI and can be absolute (starting with http: or https:) or relative, that Red Hat build of Keycloak uses to compose absolute URLs in the following format:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
SERVER_URI/admin/realms/REALM/ENDPOINT

For example, if you authenticate against the server http://localhost:8080 and realm is master, using users as ENDPOINT creates the http://localhost:8080/admin/realms/master/users resource URL.

If you set ENDPOINT to clients, the effective resource URI is http://localhost:8080/admin/realms/master/clients.

Red Hat build of Keycloak has a realms endpoint that is the container for realms. It resolves to:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
SERVER_URI/admin/realms

Red Hat build of Keycloak has a serverinfo endpoint. This endpoint is independent of realms.

When you authenticate as a user with realm-admin powers, you may need to perform commands on multiple realms. If so, specify the -r option to tell the CLI which realm the command is to execute against explicitly. Instead of using REALM as specified by the --realm option of kcadm.sh config credentials, the command uses TARGET_REALM.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
SERVER_URI/admin/realms/TARGET_REALM/ENDPOINT

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh config credentials --server http://localhost:8080 --realm master --user admin --password admin
$ kcadm.sh create users -s username=testuser -s enabled=true -r demorealm

In this example, you start a session authenticated as the admin user in the master realm. You then perform a POST call against the resource URL http://localhost:8080/admin/realms/demorealm/users.

The create and update commands send a JSON body to the server. You can use -f FILENAME to read a pre-made document from a file. When you can use the -f - option, Red Hat build of Keycloak reads the message body from the standard input. You can specify individual attributes and their values, as seen in the create users example. Red Hat build of Keycloak composes the attributes into a JSON body and sends them to the server.

Several methods are available in Red Hat build of Keycloak to update a resource using the update command. You can determine the current state of a resource and save it to a file, edit that file, and send it to the server for an update.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get realms/demorealm > demorealm.json
$ vi demorealm.json
$ kcadm.sh update realms/demorealm -f demorealm.json

This method updates the resource on the server with the attributes in the sent JSON document.

Another method is to perform an on-the-fly update by using the -s, --set options to set new values.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update realms/demorealm -s enabled=false

This method sets the enabled attribute to false.

By default, the update command performs a get and then merges the new attribute values with existing values. In some cases, the endpoint may support the put command but not the get command. You can use the -n option to perform a no-merge update, which performs a put command without first running a get command.

17.6. Realm operations

Creating a new realm

Use the create command on the realms endpoint to create a new enabled realm. Set the attributes to realm and enabled.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create realms -s realm=demorealm -s enabled=true

Red Hat build of Keycloak disables realms by default. You can use a realm immediately for authentication by enabling it.

A description for a new object can also be in JSON format.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create realms -f demorealm.json

You can send a JSON document with realm attributes directly from a file or pipe the document to standard input.

For example:

  • Linux:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create realms -f - << EOF
{ "realm": "demorealm", "enabled": true }
EOF

  • Windows:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    c:\> echo { "realm": "demorealm", "enabled": true } | kcadm create realms -f -

Listing existing realms

This command returns a list of all realms.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get realms
Note

Red Hat build of Keycloak filters the list of realms on the server to return realms a user can see only.

The list of all realm attributes can be verbose, and most users are interested in a subset of attributes, such as the realm name and the enabled status of the realm. You can specify the attributes to return by using the --fields option.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get realms --fields realm,enabled

You can display the result as comma-separated values.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get realms --fields realm --format csv --noquotes

Getting a specific realm

Append a realm name to a collection URI to get an individual realm.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get realms/master

Updating a realm

  1. Use the -s option to set new values for the attributes when you do not want to change all of the realm’s attributes.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh update realms/demorealm -s enabled=false

  2. If you want to set all writable attributes to new values:

    1. Run a get command.
    2. Edit the current values in the JSON file.

    3. Resubmit.

      For example:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      $ kcadm.sh get realms/demorealm > demorealm.json
$ vi demorealm.json
$ kcadm.sh update realms/demorealm -f demorealm.json

Deleting a realm

Run the following command to delete a realm:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh delete realms/demorealm

Turning on all login page options for the realm

Set the attributes that control specific capabilities to true.

For example:

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$ kcadm.sh update realms/demorealm -s registrationAllowed=true -s registrationEmailAsUsername=true -s rememberMe=true -s verifyEmail=true -s resetPasswordAllowed=true -s editUsernameAllowed=true

Listing the realm keys

Use the get operation on the keys endpoint of the target realm.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get keys -r demorealm

Generating new realm keys

  1. Get the ID of the target realm before adding a new RSA-generated key pair.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get realms/demorealm --fields id --format csv --noquotes

  2. Add a new key provider with a higher priority than the existing providers as revealed by kcadm.sh get keys -r demorealm.

    For example:

    • Linux:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s name=rsa-generated -s providerId=rsa-generated -s providerType=org.keycloak.keys.KeyProvider -s parentId=959844c1-d149-41d7-8359-6aa527fca0b0 -s 'config.priority=["101"]' -s 'config.enabled=["true"]' -s 'config.active=["true"]' -s 'config.keySize=["2048"]'

    • Windows:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      c:\> kcadm create components -r demorealm -s name=rsa-generated -s providerId=rsa-generated -s providerType=org.keycloak.keys.KeyProvider -s parentId=959844c1-d149-41d7-8359-6aa527fca0b0 -s "config.priority=[\"101\"]" -s "config.enabled=[\"true\"]" -s "config.active=[\"true\"]" -s "config.keySize=[\"2048\"]"

  3. Set the parentId attribute to the value of the target realm’s ID.

    The newly added key is now the active key, as revealed by kcadm.sh get keys -r demorealm.

Adding new realm keys from a Java Key Store file

  1. Add a new key provider to add a new key pair pre-prepared as a JKS file.

    For example, on:

    • Linux:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s name=java-keystore -s providerId=java-keystore -s providerType=org.keycloak.keys.KeyProvider -s parentId=959844c1-d149-41d7-8359-6aa527fca0b0 -s 'config.priority=["101"]' -s 'config.enabled=["true"]' -s 'config.active=["true"]' -s 'config.keystore=["/opt/keycloak/keystore.jks"]' -s 'config.keystorePassword=["secret"]' -s 'config.keyPassword=["secret"]' -s 'config.keyAlias=["localhost"]'

    • Windows:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      c:\> kcadm create components -r demorealm -s name=java-keystore -s providerId=java-keystore -s providerType=org.keycloak.keys.KeyProvider -s parentId=959844c1-d149-41d7-8359-6aa527fca0b0 -s "config.priority=[\"101\"]" -s "config.enabled=[\"true\"]" -s "config.active=[\"true\"]" -s "config.keystore=[\"/opt/keycloak/keystore.jks\"]" -s "config.keystorePassword=[\"secret\"]" -s "config.keyPassword=[\"secret\"]" -s "config.keyAlias=[\"localhost\"]"
  2. Ensure you change the attribute values for keystore, keystorePassword, keyPassword, and alias to match your specific keystore.
  3. Set the parentId attribute to the value of the target realm’s ID.

Making the key passive or disabling the key

  1. Identify the key you want to make passive.

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get keys -r demorealm
  2. Use the key’s providerId attribute to construct an endpoint URI, such as components/PROVIDER_ID.

  3. Perform an update.

    For example:

    • Linux:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      $ kcadm.sh update components/PROVIDER_ID -r demorealm -s 'config.active=["false"]'

    • Windows:

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      c:\> kcadm update components/PROVIDER_ID -r demorealm -s "config.active=[\"false\"]"

      You can update other key attributes:

    • Set a new enabled value to disable the key, for example, config.enabled=["false"].
    • Set a new priority value to change the key’s priority, for example, config.priority=["110"].

Deleting an old key

  1. Ensure the key you are deleting is inactive and you have disabled it. This action is to prevent existing tokens held by applications and users from failing.

  2. Identify the key to delete.

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get keys -r demorealm

  3. Use the providerId of the key to perform the delete.

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh delete components/PROVIDER_ID -r demorealm

Configuring event logging for a realm

Use the update command on the events/config endpoint.

The eventsListeners attribute contains a list of EventListenerProviderFactory IDs, specifying all event listeners that receive events. Attributes are available that control built-in event storage, so you can query past events using the Admin REST API. Red Hat build of Keycloak has separate control over the logging of service calls (eventsEnabled) and the auditing events triggered by the Admin Console or Admin REST API (adminEventsEnabled). You can set up the eventsExpiration event to expire to prevent your database from filling. Red Hat build of Keycloak sets eventsExpiration to time-to-live expressed in seconds.

You can set up a built-in event listener that receives all events and logs the events through JBoss-logging. Using the org.keycloak.events logger, Red Hat build of Keycloak logs error events as WARN and other events as DEBUG.

For example:

  • Linux:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh update events/config -r demorealm -s 'eventsListeners=["jboss-logging"]'

  • Windows:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    c:\> kcadm update events/config -r demorealm -s "eventsListeners=[\"jboss-logging\"]"

For example:

You can turn on storage for all available ERROR events, not including auditing events, for two days so you can retrieve the events through Admin REST.

  • Linux:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh update events/config -r demorealm -s eventsEnabled=true -s 'enabledEventTypes=["LOGIN_ERROR","REGISTER_ERROR","LOGOUT_ERROR","CODE_TO_TOKEN_ERROR","CLIENT_LOGIN_ERROR","FEDERATED_IDENTITY_LINK_ERROR","REMOVE_FEDERATED_IDENTITY_ERROR","UPDATE_EMAIL_ERROR","UPDATE_PROFILE_ERROR","UPDATE_PASSWORD_ERROR","UPDATE_TOTP_ERROR","VERIFY_EMAIL_ERROR","REMOVE_TOTP_ERROR","SEND_VERIFY_EMAIL_ERROR","SEND_RESET_PASSWORD_ERROR","SEND_IDENTITY_PROVIDER_LINK_ERROR","RESET_PASSWORD_ERROR","IDENTITY_PROVIDER_FIRST_LOGIN_ERROR","IDENTITY_PROVIDER_POST_LOGIN_ERROR","CUSTOM_REQUIRED_ACTION_ERROR","EXECUTE_ACTIONS_ERROR","CLIENT_REGISTER_ERROR","CLIENT_UPDATE_ERROR","CLIENT_DELETE_ERROR"]' -s eventsExpiration=172800

  • Windows:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    c:\> kcadm update events/config -r demorealm -s eventsEnabled=true -s "enabledEventTypes=[\"LOGIN_ERROR\",\"REGISTER_ERROR\",\"LOGOUT_ERROR\",\"CODE_TO_TOKEN_ERROR\",\"CLIENT_LOGIN_ERROR\",\"FEDERATED_IDENTITY_LINK_ERROR\",\"REMOVE_FEDERATED_IDENTITY_ERROR\",\"UPDATE_EMAIL_ERROR\",\"UPDATE_PROFILE_ERROR\",\"UPDATE_PASSWORD_ERROR\",\"UPDATE_TOTP_ERROR\",\"VERIFY_EMAIL_ERROR\",\"REMOVE_TOTP_ERROR\",\"SEND_VERIFY_EMAIL_ERROR\",\"SEND_RESET_PASSWORD_ERROR\",\"SEND_IDENTITY_PROVIDER_LINK_ERROR\",\"RESET_PASSWORD_ERROR\",\"IDENTITY_PROVIDER_FIRST_LOGIN_ERROR\",\"IDENTITY_PROVIDER_POST_LOGIN_ERROR\",\"CUSTOM_REQUIRED_ACTION_ERROR\",\"EXECUTE_ACTIONS_ERROR\",\"CLIENT_REGISTER_ERROR\",\"CLIENT_UPDATE_ERROR\",\"CLIENT_DELETE_ERROR\"]" -s eventsExpiration=172800

You can reset stored event types to all available event types. Setting the value to an empty list is the same as enumerating all.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update events/config -r demorealm -s enabledEventTypes=[]

You can enable storage of auditing events.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update events/config -r demorealm -s adminEventsEnabled=true -s adminEventsDetailsEnabled=true

You can get the last 100 events. The events are ordered from newest to oldest.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get events --offset 0 --limit 100

You can delete all saved events.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm delete events

Flushing the caches

  1. Use the create command with one of these endpoints to clear caches:

    • clear-realm-cache
    • clear-user-cache
    • clear-keys-cache

  2. Set realm to the same value as the target realm.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create clear-realm-cache -r demorealm -s realm=demorealm
$ kcadm.sh create clear-user-cache -r demorealm -s realm=demorealm
$ kcadm.sh create clear-keys-cache -r demorealm -s realm=demorealm

Importing a realm from exported .json file

  1. Use the create command on the partialImport endpoint.
  2. Set ifResourceExists to FAIL, SKIP, or OVERWRITE.

  3. Use -f to submit the exported realm .json file.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create partialImport -r demorealm2 -s ifResourceExists=FAIL -o -f demorealm.json

    If the realm does not yet exist, create it first.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create realms -s realm=demorealm2 -s enabled=true

17.7. Role operations

Creating a realm role

Use the roles endpoint to create a realm role.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create roles -r demorealm -s name=user -s 'description=Regular user with a limited set of permissions'

Creating a client role

  1. Identify the client.

  2. Use the get command to list the available clients.

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get clients -r demorealm --fields id,clientId

  3. Create a new role by using the clientId attribute to construct an endpoint URI, such as clients/ID/roles.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create clients/a95b6af3-0bdc-4878-ae2e-6d61a4eca9a0/roles -r demorealm -s name=editor -s 'description=Editor can edit, and publish any article'

Listing realm roles

Use the get command on the roles endpoint to list existing realm roles.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get roles -r demorealm

You can use the get-roles command also.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm

Listing client roles

Red Hat build of Keycloak has a dedicated get-roles command to simplify the listing of realm and client roles. The command is an extension of the get command and behaves the same as the get command but with additional semantics for listing roles.

Use the get-roles command by passing it the clientId (--cclientid) option or the id (--cid) option to identify the client to list client roles.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --cclientid realm-management

Getting a specific realm role

Use the get command and the role name to construct an endpoint URI for a specific realm role, roles/ROLE_NAME, where user is the existing role’s name.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get roles/user -r demorealm

You can use the get-roles command, passing it a role name (--rolename option) or ID (--roleid option).

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --rolename user

Getting a specific client role

Use the get-roles command, passing it the clientId attribute (--cclientid option) or ID attribute (--cid option) to identify the client, and pass the role name (--rolename option) or the role ID attribute (--roleid) to identify a specific client role.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --cclientid realm-management --rolename manage-clients

Updating a realm role

Use the update command with the endpoint URI you used to get a specific realm role.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update roles/user -r demorealm -s 'description=Role representing a regular user'

Updating a client role

Use the update command with the endpoint URI that you used to get a specific client role.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update clients/a95b6af3-0bdc-4878-ae2e-6d61a4eca9a0/roles/editor -r demorealm -s 'description=User that can edit, and publish articles'

Deleting a realm role

Use the delete command with the endpoint URI that you used to get a specific realm role.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh delete roles/user -r demorealm

Deleting a client role

Use the delete command with the endpoint URI that you used to get a specific client role.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh delete clients/a95b6af3-0bdc-4878-ae2e-6d61a4eca9a0/roles/editor -r demorealm

Listing assigned, available, and effective realm roles for a composite role

Use the get-roles command to list assigned, available, and effective realm roles for a composite role.

  1. To list assigned realm roles for the composite role, specify the target composite role by name (--rname option) or ID (--rid option).

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --rname testrole

  2. Use the --effective option to list effective realm roles.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --rname testrole --effective

  3. Use the --available option to list realm roles that you can add to the composite role.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --rname testrole --available

Listing assigned, available, and effective client roles for a composite role

Use the get-roles command to list assigned, available, and effective client roles for a composite role.

  1. To list assigned client roles for the composite role, you can specify the target composite role by name (--rname option) or ID (--rid option) and client by the clientId attribute (--cclientid option) or ID (--cid option).

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --rname testrole --cclientid realm-management

  2. Use the --effective option to list effective realm roles.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --rname testrole --cclientid realm-management --effective

  3. Use the --available option to list realm roles that you can add to the target composite role.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --rname testrole --cclientid realm-management --available

Adding realm roles to a composite role

Red Hat build of Keycloak provides an add-roles command for adding realm roles and client roles.

This example adds the user role to the composite role testrole.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh add-roles --rname testrole --rolename user -r demorealm

Removing realm roles from a composite role

Red Hat build of Keycloak provides a remove-roles command for removing realm roles and client roles.

The following example removes the user role from the target composite role testrole.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh remove-roles --rname testrole --rolename user -r demorealm

Adding client roles to a realm role

Red Hat build of Keycloak provides an add-roles command for adding realm roles and client roles.

The following example adds the roles defined on the client realm-management, create-client, and view-users, to the testrole composite role.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh add-roles -r demorealm --rname testrole --cclientid realm-management --rolename create-client --rolename view-users

Adding client roles to a client role

  1. Determine the ID of the composite client role by using the get-roles command.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --cclientid test-client --rolename operations
  2. Assume that a client exists with a clientId attribute named test-client, a client role named support, and a client role named operations which becomes a composite role that has an ID of "fc400897-ef6a-4e8c-872b-1581b7fa8a71".

  3. Use the following example to add another role to the composite role.

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh add-roles -r demorealm --cclientid test-client --rid fc400897-ef6a-4e8c-872b-1581b7fa8a71 --rolename support

  4. List the roles of a composite role by using the get-roles --all command.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles --rid fc400897-ef6a-4e8c-872b-1581b7fa8a71 --all

Removing client roles from a composite role

Use the remove-roles command to remove client roles from a composite role.

Use the following example to remove two roles defined on the client realm-management, the create-client role and the view-users role, from the testrole composite role.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh remove-roles -r demorealm --rname testrole --cclientid realm-management --rolename create-client --rolename view-users

Adding client roles to a group

Use the add-roles command to add realm roles and client roles.

The following example adds the roles defined on the client realm-management, create-client and view-users, to the Group group (--gname option). Alternatively, you can specify the group by ID (--gid option).

See Group operations for more information.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh add-roles -r demorealm --gname Group --cclientid realm-management --rolename create-client --rolename view-users

Removing client roles from a group

Use the remove-roles command to remove client roles from a group.

The following example removes two roles defined on the client realm management, create-client and view-users, from the Group group.

See Group operations for more information.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh remove-roles -r demorealm --gname Group --cclientid realm-management --rolename create-client --rolename view-users

17.8. Client operations

Creating a client

  1. Run the create command on a clients endpoint to create a new client.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create clients -r demorealm -s clientId=myapp -s enabled=true

  2. Specify a secret if to set a secret for adapters to authenticate.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create clients -r demorealm -s clientId=myapp -s enabled=true -s clientAuthenticatorType=client-secret -s secret=d0b8122f-8dfb-46b7-b68a-f5cc4e25d000

Listing clients

Use the get command on the clients endpoint to list clients.

This example filters the output to list only the id and clientId attributes:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get clients -r demorealm --fields id,clientId

Getting a specific client

Use the client ID to construct an endpoint URI that targets a specific client, such as clients/ID.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get clients/c7b8547f-e748-4333-95d0-410b76b3f4a3 -r demorealm

Getting the current secret for a specific client

Use the client ID to construct an endpoint URI, such as clients/ID/client-secret.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get clients/$CID/client-secret -r demorealm

Generate a new secret for a specific client

Use the client ID to construct an endpoint URI, such as clients/ID/client-secret.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create clients/$CID/client-secret -r demorealm

Updating the current secret for a specific client

Use the client ID to construct an endpoint URI, such as clients/ID.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update clients/$CID -s "secret=newSecret" -r demorealm

Getting an adapter configuration file (keycloak.json) for a specific client

Use the client ID to construct an endpoint URI that targets a specific client, such as clients/ID/installation/providers/keycloak-oidc-keycloak-json.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get clients/c7b8547f-e748-4333-95d0-410b76b3f4a3/installation/providers/keycloak-oidc-keycloak-json -r demorealm

Getting a WildFly subsystem adapter configuration for a specific client

Use the client ID to construct an endpoint URI that targets a specific client, such as clients/ID/installation/providers/keycloak-oidc-jboss-subsystem.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get clients/c7b8547f-e748-4333-95d0-410b76b3f4a3/installation/providers/keycloak-oidc-jboss-subsystem -r demorealm

Getting a Docker-v2 example configuration for a specific client

Use the client ID to construct an endpoint URI that targets a specific client, such as clients/ID/installation/providers/docker-v2-compose-yaml.

The response is in .zip format.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get http://localhost:8080/admin/realms/demorealm/clients/8f271c35-44e3-446f-8953-b0893810ebe7/installation/providers/docker-v2-compose-yaml -r demorealm > keycloak-docker-compose-yaml.zip

Updating a client

Use the update command with the same endpoint URI that you use to get a specific client.

For example:

  • Linux:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh update clients/c7b8547f-e748-4333-95d0-410b76b3f4a3 -r demorealm -s enabled=false -s publicClient=true -s 'redirectUris=["http://localhost:8080/myapp/*"]' -s baseUrl=http://localhost:8080/myapp -s adminUrl=http://localhost:8080/myapp

  • Windows:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    c:\> kcadm update clients/c7b8547f-e748-4333-95d0-410b76b3f4a3 -r demorealm -s enabled=false -s publicClient=true -s "redirectUris=[\"http://localhost:8080/myapp/*\"]" -s baseUrl=http://localhost:8080/myapp -s adminUrl=http://localhost:8080/myapp

Deleting a client

Use the delete command with the same endpoint URI that you use to get a specific client.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh delete clients/c7b8547f-e748-4333-95d0-410b76b3f4a3 -r demorealm

Adding or removing roles for client’s service account

A client’s service account is a user account with username service-account-CLIENT_ID. You can perform the same user operations on this account as a regular account.

17.9. User operations

Creating a user

Run the create command on the users endpoint to create a new user.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create users -r demorealm -s username=testuser -s enabled=true

Listing users

Use the users endpoint to list users. The target user must change their password the next time they log in.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get users -r demorealm --offset 0 --limit 1000

You can filter users by username, firstName, lastName, or email.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get users -r demorealm -q email=google.com
$ kcadm.sh get users -r demorealm -q username=testuser
Note

Filtering does not use exact matching. This example matches the value of the username attribute against the *testuser* pattern.

You can filter across multiple attributes by specifying multiple -q options. Red Hat build of Keycloak returns users that match the condition for all the attributes only.

Getting a specific user

Use the user ID to compose an endpoint URI, such as users/USER_ID.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get users/0ba7a3fd-6fd8-48cd-a60b-2e8fd82d56e2 -r demorealm

Updating a user

Use the update command with the same endpoint URI that you use to get a specific user.

For example:

  • Linux:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh update users/0ba7a3fd-6fd8-48cd-a60b-2e8fd82d56e2 -r demorealm -s 'requiredActions=["VERIFY_EMAIL","UPDATE_PROFILE","CONFIGURE_TOTP","UPDATE_PASSWORD"]'

  • Windows:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    c:\> kcadm update users/0ba7a3fd-6fd8-48cd-a60b-2e8fd82d56e2 -r demorealm -s "requiredActions=[\"VERIFY_EMAIL\",\"UPDATE_PROFILE\",\"CONFIGURE_TOTP\",\"UPDATE_PASSWORD\"]"

Deleting a user

Use the delete command with the same endpoint URI that you use to get a specific user.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh delete users/0ba7a3fd-6fd8-48cd-a60b-2e8fd82d56e2 -r demorealm

Resetting a user’s password

Use the dedicated set-password command to reset a user’s password.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh set-password -r demorealm --username testuser --new-password NEWPASSWORD --temporary

This command sets a temporary password for the user. The target user must change the password the next time they log in.

You can use --userid to specify the user by using the id attribute.

You can achieve the same result using the update command on an endpoint constructed from the one you used to get a specific user, such as users/USER_ID/reset-password.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update users/0ba7a3fd-6fd8-48cd-a60b-2e8fd82d56e2/reset-password -r demorealm -s type=password -s value=NEWPASSWORD -s temporary=true -n

The -n parameter ensures that Red Hat build of Keycloak performs the PUT command without performing a GET command before the PUT command. This is necessary because the reset-password endpoint does not support GET.

Listing assigned, available, and effective realm roles for a user

You can use a get-roles command to list assigned, available, and effective realm roles for a user.

  1. Specify the target user by user name or ID to list the user’s assigned realm roles.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --uusername testuser

  2. Use the --effective option to list effective realm roles.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --uusername testuser --effective

  3. Use the --available option to list realm roles that you can add to a user.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --uusername testuser --available

Listing assigned, available, and effective client roles for a user

Use a get-roles command to list assigned, available, and effective client roles for a user.

  1. Specify the target user by user name (--uusername option) or ID (--uid option) and client by a clientId attribute (--cclientid option) or an ID (--cid option) to list assigned client roles for the user.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --uusername testuser --cclientid realm-management

  2. Use the --effective option to list effective realm roles.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --uusername testuser --cclientid realm-management --effective

  3. Use the --available option to list realm roles that you can add to a user.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --uusername testuser --cclientid realm-management --available

Adding realm roles to a user

Use an add-roles command to add realm roles to a user.

Use the following example to add the user role to user testuser:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh add-roles --uusername testuser --rolename user -r demorealm

Removing realm roles from a user

Use a remove-roles command to remove realm roles from a user.

Use the following example to remove the user role from the user testuser:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh remove-roles --uusername testuser --rolename user -r demorealm

Adding client roles to a user

Use an add-roles command to add client roles to a user.

Use the following example to add two roles defined on the client realm management, the create-client role and the view-users role, to the user testuser.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh add-roles -r demorealm --uusername testuser --cclientid realm-management --rolename create-client --rolename view-users

Removing client roles from a user

Use a remove-roles command to remove client roles from a user.

Use the following example to remove two roles defined on the realm management client:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh remove-roles -r demorealm --uusername testuser --cclientid realm-management --rolename create-client --rolename view-users

Listing a user’s sessions

  1. Identify the user’s ID,
  2. Use the ID to compose an endpoint URI, such as users/ID/sessions.

  3. Use the get command to retrieve a list of the user’s sessions.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get users/6da5ab89-3397-4205-afaa-e201ff638f9e/sessions -r demorealm

Logging out a user from a specific session

  1. Determine the session’s ID as described earlier.
  2. Use the session’s ID to compose an endpoint URI, such as sessions/ID.

  3. Use the delete command to invalidate the session.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh delete sessions/d0eaa7cc-8c5d-489d-811a-69d3c4ec84d1 -r demorealm

Logging out a user from all sessions

Use the user’s ID to construct an endpoint URI, such as users/ID/logout.

Use the create command to perform POST on that endpoint URI.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create users/6da5ab89-3397-4205-afaa-e201ff638f9e/logout -r demorealm -s realm=demorealm -s user=6da5ab89-3397-4205-afaa-e201ff638f9e

17.10. Group operations

Creating a group

Use the create command on the groups endpoint to create a new group.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create groups -r demorealm -s name=Group

Listing groups

Use the get command on the groups endpoint to list groups.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get groups -r demorealm

Getting a specific group

Use the group’s ID to construct an endpoint URI, such as groups/GROUP_ID.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get groups/51204821-0580-46db-8f2d-27106c6b5ded -r demorealm

Updating a group

Use the update command with the same endpoint URI that you use to get a specific group.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update groups/51204821-0580-46db-8f2d-27106c6b5ded -s 'attributes.email=["group@example.com"]' -r demorealm

Deleting a group

Use the delete command with the same endpoint URI that you use to get a specific group.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh delete groups/51204821-0580-46db-8f2d-27106c6b5ded -r demorealm

Creating a subgroup

Find the ID of the parent group by listing groups. Use that ID to construct an endpoint URI, such as groups/GROUP_ID/children.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create groups/51204821-0580-46db-8f2d-27106c6b5ded/children -r demorealm -s name=SubGroup

Moving a group under another group

  1. Find the ID of an existing parent group and the ID of an existing child group.
  2. Use the parent group’s ID to construct an endpoint URI, such as groups/PARENT_GROUP_ID/children.
  3. Run the create command on this endpoint and pass the child group’s ID as a JSON body.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create groups/51204821-0580-46db-8f2d-27106c6b5ded/children -r demorealm -s id=08d410c6-d585-4059-bb07-54dcb92c5094 -s name=SubGroup

Get groups for a specific user

Use a user’s ID to determine a user’s membership in groups to compose an endpoint URI, such as users/USER_ID/groups.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get users/b544f379-5fc4-49e5-8a8d-5cfb71f46f53/groups -r demorealm

Adding a user to a group

Use the update command with an endpoint URI composed of a user’s ID and a group’s ID, such as users/USER_ID/groups/GROUP_ID, to add a user to a group.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh update users/b544f379-5fc4-49e5-8a8d-5cfb71f46f53/groups/ce01117a-7426-4670-a29a-5c118056fe20 -r demorealm -s realm=demorealm -s userId=b544f379-5fc4-49e5-8a8d-5cfb71f46f53 -s groupId=ce01117a-7426-4670-a29a-5c118056fe20 -n

Removing a user from a group

Use the delete command on the same endpoint URI you use for adding a user to a group, such as users/USER_ID/groups/GROUP_ID, to remove a user from a group.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh delete users/b544f379-5fc4-49e5-8a8d-5cfb71f46f53/groups/ce01117a-7426-4670-a29a-5c118056fe20 -r demorealm

Listing assigned, available, and effective realm roles for a group

Use a dedicated get-roles command to list assigned, available, and effective realm roles for a group.

  1. Specify the target group by name (--gname option), path (--gpath option), or ID (--gid option) to list assigned realm roles for the group.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --gname Group

  2. Use the --effective option to list effective realm roles.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --gname Group --effective

  3. Use the --available option to list realm roles that you can add to the group.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --gname Group --available

Listing assigned, available, and effective client roles for a group

Use the get-roles command to list assigned, available, and effective client roles for a group.

  1. Specify the target group by name (--gname option) or ID (--gid option),

  2. Specify the client by the clientId attribute (--cclientid option) or ID (--id option) to list assigned client roles for the user.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --gname Group --cclientid realm-management

  3. Use the --effective option to list effective realm roles.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --gname Group --cclientid realm-management --effective

  4. Use the --available option to list realm roles that you can still add to the group.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh get-roles -r demorealm --gname Group --cclientid realm-management --available

17.11. Identity provider operations

Listing available identity providers

Use the serverinfo endpoint to list available identity providers.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get serverinfo -r demorealm --fields 'identityProviders(*)'
Note

Red Hat build of Keycloak processes the serverinfo endpoint similarly to the realms endpoint. Red Hat build of Keycloak does not resolve the endpoint relative to a target realm because it exists outside any specific realm.

Listing configured identity providers

Use the identity-provider/instances endpoint.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get identity-provider/instances -r demorealm --fields alias,providerId,enabled

Getting a specific configured identity provider

Use the identity provider’s alias attribute to construct an endpoint URI, such as identity-provider/instances/ALIAS, to get a specific identity provider.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get identity-provider/instances/facebook -r demorealm

Removing a specific configured identity provider

Use the delete command with the same endpoint URI that you use to get a specific configured identity provider to remove a specific configured identity provider.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh delete identity-provider/instances/facebook -r demorealm

Configuring a Keycloak OpenID Connect identity provider

  1. Use keycloak-oidc as the providerId when you create a new identity provider instance.

  2. Provide the config attributes: authorizationUrl, tokenUrl, clientId, and clientSecret.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=keycloak-oidc -s providerId=keycloak-oidc -s enabled=true -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.authorizationUrl=http://localhost:8180/realms/demorealm/protocol/openid-connect/auth -s config.tokenUrl=http://localhost:8180/realms/demorealm/protocol/openid-connect/token -s config.clientId=demo-oidc-provider -s config.clientSecret=secret

Configuring an OpenID Connect identity provider

Configure the generic OpenID Connect provider the same way you configure the Keycloak OpenID Connect provider, except you set the providerId attribute value to oidc.

Configuring a SAML 2 identity provider

  1. Use saml as the providerId.
  2. Provide the config attributes: singleSignOnServiceUrl, nameIDPolicyFormat, and signatureAlgorithm.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=saml -s providerId=saml -s enabled=true -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.singleSignOnServiceUrl=http://localhost:8180/realms/saml-broker-realm/protocol/saml -s config.nameIDPolicyFormat=urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:persistent -s config.signatureAlgorithm=RSA_SHA256

Configuring a Facebook identity provider

  1. Use facebook as the providerId.

  2. Provide the config attributes: clientId and clientSecret. You can find these attributes in the Facebook Developers application configuration page for your application. See the Facebook identity broker page for more information.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=facebook -s providerId=facebook -s enabled=true  -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.clientId=FACEBOOK_CLIENT_ID -s config.clientSecret=FACEBOOK_CLIENT_SECRET

Configuring a Google identity provider

  1. Use google as the providerId.

  2. Provide the config attributes: clientId and clientSecret. You can find these attributes in the Google Developers application configuration page for your application. See the Google identity broker page for more information.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=google -s providerId=google -s enabled=true  -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.clientId=GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID -s config.clientSecret=GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET

Configuring a Twitter identity provider

  1. Use twitter as the providerId.

  2. Provide the config attributes clientId and clientSecret. You can find these attributes in the Twitter Application Management application configuration page for your application. See the Twitter identity broker page for more information.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=google -s providerId=google -s enabled=true  -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.clientId=TWITTER_API_KEY -s config.clientSecret=TWITTER_API_SECRET

Configuring a GitHub identity provider

  1. Use github as the providerId.

  2. Provide the config attributes clientId and clientSecret. You can find these attributes in the GitHub Developer Application Settings page for your application. See the GitHub identity broker page for more information.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=github -s providerId=github -s enabled=true  -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.clientId=GITHUB_CLIENT_ID -s config.clientSecret=GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET

Configuring a LinkedIn identity provider

  1. Use linkedin as the providerId.

  2. Provide the config attributes clientId and clientSecret. You can find these attributes in the LinkedIn Developer Console application page for your application. See the LinkedIn identity broker page for more information.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=linkedin -s providerId=linkedin -s enabled=true  -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.clientId=LINKEDIN_CLIENT_ID -s config.clientSecret=LINKEDIN_CLIENT_SECRET

Configuring a Microsoft Live identity provider

  1. Use microsoft as the providerId.

  2. Provide the config attributes clientId and clientSecret. You can find these attributes in the Microsoft Application Registration Portal page for your application. See the Microsoft identity broker page for more information.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=microsoft -s providerId=microsoft -s enabled=true  -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.clientId=MICROSOFT_APP_ID -s config.clientSecret=MICROSOFT_PASSWORD

Configuring a Stack Overflow identity provider

  1. Use stackoverflow command as the providerId.

  2. Provide the config attributes clientId, clientSecret, and key. You can find these attributes in the Stack Apps OAuth page for your application. See the Stack Overflow identity broker page for more information.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create identity-provider/instances -r demorealm -s alias=stackoverflow -s providerId=stackoverflow -s enabled=true  -s 'config.useJwksUrl="true"' -s config.clientId=STACKAPPS_CLIENT_ID -s config.clientSecret=STACKAPPS_CLIENT_SECRET -s config.key=STACKAPPS_KEY

17.12. Storage provider operations

Configuring a Kerberos storage provider

  1. Use the create command against the components endpoint.
  2. Specify the realm id as a value of the parentId attribute.
  3. Specify kerberos as the value of the providerId attribute, and org.keycloak.storage.UserStorageProvider as the value of the providerType attribute.

  4. For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s parentId=demorealmId -s id=demokerberos -s name=demokerberos -s providerId=kerberos -s providerType=org.keycloak.storage.UserStorageProvider -s 'config.priority=["0"]' -s 'config.debug=["false"]' -s 'config.allowPasswordAuthentication=["true"]' -s 'config.editMode=["UNSYNCED"]' -s 'config.updateProfileFirstLogin=["true"]' -s 'config.allowKerberosAuthentication=["true"]' -s 'config.kerberosRealm=["KEYCLOAK.ORG"]' -s 'config.keyTab=["http.keytab"]' -s 'config.serverPrincipal=["HTTP/localhost@KEYCLOAK.ORG"]' -s 'config.cachePolicy=["DEFAULT"]'

Configuring an LDAP user storage provider

  1. Use the create command against the components endpoint.
  2. Specify ldap as the value of the providerId attribute, and org.keycloak.storage.UserStorageProvider as the value of the providerType attribute.
  3. Provide the realm ID as the value of the parentId attribute.

  4. Use the following example to create a Kerberos-integrated LDAP provider.

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s name=kerberos-ldap-provider -s providerId=ldap -s providerType=org.keycloak.storage.UserStorageProvider -s parentId=3d9c572b-8f33-483f-98a6-8bb421667867  -s 'config.priority=["1"]' -s 'config.fullSyncPeriod=["-1"]' -s 'config.changedSyncPeriod=["-1"]' -s 'config.cachePolicy=["DEFAULT"]' -s config.evictionDay=[] -s config.evictionHour=[] -s config.evictionMinute=[] -s config.maxLifespan=[] -s 'config.batchSizeForSync=["1000"]' -s 'config.editMode=["WRITABLE"]' -s 'config.syncRegistrations=["false"]' -s 'config.vendor=["other"]' -s 'config.usernameLDAPAttribute=["uid"]' -s 'config.rdnLDAPAttribute=["uid"]' -s 'config.uuidLDAPAttribute=["entryUUID"]' -s 'config.userObjectClasses=["inetOrgPerson, organizationalPerson"]' -s 'config.connectionUrl=["ldap://localhost:10389"]'  -s 'config.usersDn=["ou=People,dc=keycloak,dc=org"]' -s 'config.authType=["simple"]' -s 'config.bindDn=["uid=admin,ou=system"]' -s 'config.bindCredential=["secret"]' -s 'config.searchScope=["1"]' -s 'config.useTruststoreSpi=["always"]' -s 'config.connectionPooling=["true"]' -s 'config.pagination=["true"]' -s 'config.allowKerberosAuthentication=["true"]' -s 'config.serverPrincipal=["HTTP/localhost@KEYCLOAK.ORG"]' -s 'config.keyTab=["http.keytab"]' -s 'config.kerberosRealm=["KEYCLOAK.ORG"]' -s 'config.debug=["true"]' -s 'config.useKerberosForPasswordAuthentication=["true"]'

Removing a user storage provider instance

  1. Use the storage provider instance’s id attribute to compose an endpoint URI, such as components/ID.

  2. Run the delete command against this endpoint.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh delete components/3d9c572b-8f33-483f-98a6-8bb421667867 -r demorealm

Triggering synchronization of all users for a specific user storage provider

  1. Use the storage provider’s id attribute to compose an endpoint URI, such as user-storage/ID_OF_USER_STORAGE_INSTANCE/sync.
  2. Add the action=triggerFullSync query parameter.

  3. Run the create command.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create user-storage/b7c63d02-b62a-4fc1-977c-947d6a09e1ea/sync?action=triggerFullSync

Triggering synchronization of changed users for a specific user storage provider

  1. Use the storage provider’s id attribute to compose an endpoint URI, such as user-storage/ID_OF_USER_STORAGE_INSTANCE/sync.
  2. Add the action=triggerChangedUsersSync query parameter.

  3. Run the create command.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create user-storage/b7c63d02-b62a-4fc1-977c-947d6a09e1ea/sync?action=triggerChangedUsersSync

Test LDAP user storage connectivity

  1. Run the get command on the testLDAPConnection endpoint.
  2. Provide query parameters bindCredential, bindDn, connectionUrl, and useTruststoreSpi.

  3. Set the action query parameter to testConnection.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create testLDAPConnection -s action=testConnection -s bindCredential=secret -s bindDn=uid=admin,ou=system -s connectionUrl=ldap://localhost:10389 -s useTruststoreSpi=always

Test LDAP user storage authentication

  1. Run the get command on the testLDAPConnection endpoint.
  2. Provide the query parameters bindCredential, bindDn, connectionUrl, and useTruststoreSpi.

  3. Set the action query parameter to testAuthentication.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create testLDAPConnection -s action=testAuthentication -s bindCredential=secret -s bindDn=uid=admin,ou=system -s connectionUrl=ldap://localhost:10389 -s useTruststoreSpi=always

17.13. Adding mappers

Adding a hard-coded role LDAP mapper

  1. Run the create command on the components endpoint.
  2. Set the providerType attribute to org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper.
  3. Set the parentId attribute to the ID of the LDAP provider instance.

  4. Set the providerId attribute to hardcoded-ldap-role-mapper. Ensure you provide a value of role configuration parameter.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s name=hardcoded-ldap-role-mapper -s providerId=hardcoded-ldap-role-mapper -s providerType=org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper -s parentId=b7c63d02-b62a-4fc1-977c-947d6a09e1ea -s 'config.role=["realm-management.create-client"]'

Adding an MS Active Directory mapper

  1. Run the create command on the components endpoint.
  2. Set the providerType attribute to org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper.
  3. Set the parentId attribute to the ID of the LDAP provider instance.

  4. Set the providerId attribute to msad-user-account-control-mapper.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s name=msad-user-account-control-mapper -s providerId=msad-user-account-control-mapper -s providerType=org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper -s parentId=b7c63d02-b62a-4fc1-977c-947d6a09e1ea

Adding a user attribute LDAP mapper

  1. Run the create command on the components endpoint.
  2. Set the providerType attribute to org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper.
  3. Set the parentId attribute to the ID of the LDAP provider instance.

  4. Set the providerId attribute to user-attribute-ldap-mapper.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s name=user-attribute-ldap-mapper -s providerId=user-attribute-ldap-mapper -s providerType=org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper -s parentId=b7c63d02-b62a-4fc1-977c-947d6a09e1ea -s 'config."user.model.attribute"=["email"]' -s 'config."ldap.attribute"=["mail"]' -s 'config."read.only"=["false"]' -s 'config."always.read.value.from.ldap"=["false"]' -s 'config."is.mandatory.in.ldap"=["false"]'

Adding a group LDAP mapper

  1. Run the create command on the components endpoint.
  2. Set the providerType attribute to org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper.
  3. Set the parentId attribute to the ID of the LDAP provider instance.

  4. Set the providerId attribute to group-ldap-mapper.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s name=group-ldap-mapper -s providerId=group-ldap-mapper -s providerType=org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper -s parentId=b7c63d02-b62a-4fc1-977c-947d6a09e1ea -s 'config."groups.dn"=[]' -s 'config."group.name.ldap.attribute"=["cn"]' -s 'config."group.object.classes"=["groupOfNames"]' -s 'config."preserve.group.inheritance"=["true"]' -s 'config."membership.ldap.attribute"=["member"]' -s 'config."membership.attribute.type"=["DN"]' -s 'config."groups.ldap.filter"=[]' -s 'config.mode=["LDAP_ONLY"]' -s 'config."user.roles.retrieve.strategy"=["LOAD_GROUPS_BY_MEMBER_ATTRIBUTE"]' -s 'config."mapped.group.attributes"=["admins-group"]' -s 'config."drop.non.existing.groups.during.sync"=["false"]' -s 'config.roles=["admins"]' -s 'config.groups=["admins-group"]' -s 'config.group=[]' -s 'config.preserve=["true"]' -s 'config.membership=["member"]'

Adding a full name LDAP mapper

  1. Run the create command on the components endpoint.
  2. Set the providerType attribute to org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper.
  3. Set the parentId attribute to the ID of the LDAP provider instance.

  4. Set the providerId attribute to full-name-ldap-mapper.

    For example:

    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
    $ kcadm.sh create components -r demorealm -s name=full-name-ldap-mapper -s providerId=full-name-ldap-mapper -s providerType=org.keycloak.storage.ldap.mappers.LDAPStorageMapper -s parentId=b7c63d02-b62a-4fc1-977c-947d6a09e1ea -s 'config."ldap.full.name.attribute"=["cn"]' -s 'config."read.only"=["false"]' -s 'config."write.only"=["true"]'

17.14. Authentication operations

Setting a password policy

  1. Set the realm’s passwordPolicy attribute to an enumeration expression that includes the specific policy provider ID and optional configuration.

  2. Use the following example to set a password policy to default values. The default values include:

    • 27,500 hashing iterations
    • at least one special character
    • at least one uppercase character
    • at least one digit character
    • not be equal to a user’s username

    • be at least eight characters long

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      $ kcadm.sh update realms/demorealm -s 'passwordPolicy="hashIterations and specialChars and upperCase and digits and notUsername and length"'
  3. To use values different from defaults, pass the configuration in brackets.

  4. Use the following example to set a password policy to:

    • 25,000 hash iterations
    • at least two special characters
    • at least two uppercase characters
    • at least two lowercase characters
    • at least two digits
    • be at least nine characters long
    • not be equal to a user’s username

    • not repeat for at least four changes back

      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
      $ kcadm.sh update realms/demorealm -s 'passwordPolicy="hashIterations(25000) and specialChars(2) and upperCase(2) and lowerCase(2) and digits(2) and length(9) and notUsername and passwordHistory(4)"'

Obtaining the current password policy

You can get the current realm configuration by filtering all output except for the passwordPolicy attribute.

For example, display passwordPolicy for demorealm.

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get realms/demorealm --fields passwordPolicy

Listing authentication flows

Run the get command on the authentication/flows endpoint.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get authentication/flows -r demorealm

Getting a specific authentication flow

Run the get command on the authentication/flows/FLOW_ID endpoint.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get authentication/flows/febfd772-e1a1-42fb-b8ae-00c0566fafb8 -r demorealm

Listing executions for a flow

Run the get command on the authentication/flows/FLOW_ALIAS/executions endpoint.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh get authentication/flows/Copy%20of%20browser/executions -r demorealm

Adding configuration to an execution

  1. Get execution for a flow.
  2. Note the ID of the flow.
  3. Run the create command on the authentication/executions/{executionId}/config endpoint.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm.sh create "authentication/executions/a3147129-c402-4760-86d9-3f2345e401c7/config" -r demorealm -b '{"config":{"x509-cert-auth.mapping-source-selection":"Match SubjectDN using regular expression","x509-cert-auth.regular-expression":"(.*?)(?:$)","x509-cert-auth.mapper-selection":"Custom Attribute Mapper","x509-cert-auth.mapper-selection.user-attribute-name":"usercertificate","x509-cert-auth.crl-checking-enabled":"","x509-cert-auth.crldp-checking-enabled":false,"x509-cert-auth.crl-relative-path":"crl.pem","x509-cert-auth.ocsp-checking-enabled":"","x509-cert-auth.ocsp-responder-uri":"","x509-cert-auth.keyusage":"","x509-cert-auth.extendedkeyusage":"","x509-cert-auth.confirmation-page-disallowed":""},"alias":"my_otp_config"}'

Getting configuration for an execution

  1. Get execution for a flow.
  2. Note its authenticationConfig attribute, which contains the config ID.
  3. Run the get command on the authentication/config/ID endpoint.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm get "authentication/config/dd91611a-d25c-421a-87e2-227c18421833" -r demorealm

Updating configuration for an execution

  1. Get the execution for the flow.
  2. Get the flow’s authenticationConfig attribute.
  3. Note the config ID from the attribute.
  4. Run the update command on the authentication/config/ID endpoint.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm update "authentication/config/dd91611a-d25c-421a-87e2-227c18421833" -r demorealm -b '{"id":"dd91611a-d25c-421a-87e2-227c18421833","alias":"my_otp_config","config":{"x509-cert-auth.extendedkeyusage":"","x509-cert-auth.mapper-selection.user-attribute-name":"usercertificate","x509-cert-auth.ocsp-responder-uri":"","x509-cert-auth.regular-expression":"(.*?)(?:$)","x509-cert-auth.crl-checking-enabled":"true","x509-cert-auth.confirmation-page-disallowed":"","x509-cert-auth.keyusage":"","x509-cert-auth.mapper-selection":"Custom Attribute Mapper","x509-cert-auth.crl-relative-path":"crl.pem","x509-cert-auth.crldp-checking-enabled":"false","x509-cert-auth.mapping-source-selection":"Match SubjectDN using regular expression","x509-cert-auth.ocsp-checking-enabled":""}}'

Deleting configuration for an execution

  1. Get execution for a flow.
  2. Get the flows authenticationConfig attribute.
  3. Note the config ID from the attribute.
  4. Run the delete command on the authentication/config/ID endpoint.

For example:

Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap 
$ kcadm delete "authentication/config/dd91611a-d25c-421a-87e2-227c18421833" -r demorealm
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