4.11. Repairing a File System
When nodes fail with the file system mounted, file system journaling allows fast recovery. However, if a storage device loses power or is physically disconnected, file system corruption may occur. (Journaling cannot be used to recover from storage subsystem failures.) When that type of corruption occurs, you can recover the GFS2 file system by using the
fsck.gfs2 command.
Important
The
fsck.gfs2 command must be run only on a file system that is unmounted from all nodes.
Important
You should not check a GFS2 file system at boot time with the
fsck.gfs2 command. The fsck.gfs2 command can not determine at boot time whether the file system is mounted by another node in the cluster. You should run the fsck.gfs2 command manually only after the system boots.
To ensure that the
fsck.gfs2 command does not run on a GFS2 file system at boot time, modify the /etc/fstab file so that the final two columns for a GFS2 file system mount point show "0 0" rather than "1 1" (or any other numbers), as in the following example:
/dev/VG12/lv_svr_home /svr_home gfs2 defaults,noatime,nodiratime,noquota 0 0
Note
If you have previous experience using the gfs_fsck command on GFS file systems, note that the
fsck.gfs2 command differs from some earlier releases of gfs_fsck in the in the following ways:
- Pressing Ctrl+C while running the
fsck.gfs2interrupts processing and displays a prompt asking whether you would like to abort the command, skip the rest of the current pass, or continue processing. - You can increase the level of verbosity by using the
-vflag. Adding a second-vflag increases the level again. - You can decrease the level of verbosity by using the
-qflag. Adding a second-qflag decreases the level again. - The
-noption opens a file system as read-only and answersnoto any queries automatically. The option provides a way of trying the command to reveal errors without actually allowing thefsck.gfs2command to take effect.
Refer to the
fsck.gfs2 man page for additional information about other command options.
Running the
fsck.gfs2 command requires system memory above and beyond the memory used for the operating system and kernel. Each block of memory in the GFS2 file system itself requires approximately five bits of additional memory, or 5/8 of a byte. So to estimate how many bytes of memory you will need to run the fsck.gfs2 command on your file system, determine how many blocks the file system contains and multiply that number by 5/8.
For example, to determine approximately how much memory is required to run the
fsck.gfs2 command on a GFS2 file system that is 16TB with a block size of 4K, first determine how many blocks of memory the file system contains by dividing 16Tb by 4K:
17592186044416 / 4096 = 4294967296
Since this file system contains 4294967296 blocks, multiply that number by 5/8 to determine how many bytes of memory are required:
4294967296 * 5/8 = 2684354560
This file system requires approximately 2.6GB of free memory to run the
fsck.gfs2 command. Note that if the block size was 1K, running the fsck.gfs2 command would require four times the memory, or approximately 11GB.
Usage
fsck.gfs2 -y BlockDevice-y- The
-yflag causes all questions to be answered withyes. With the-yflag specified, thefsck.gfs2command does not prompt you for an answer before making changes. BlockDevice- Specifies the block device where the GFS2 file system resides.
Example
In this example, the GFS2 file system residing on block device
/dev/testvol/testlv is repaired. All queries to repair are automatically answered with yes.
[root@dash-01 ~]# fsck.gfs2 -y /dev/testvg/testlv
Initializing fsck
Validating Resource Group index.
Level 1 RG check.
(level 1 passed)
Clearing journals (this may take a while)...
Journals cleared.
Starting pass1
Pass1 complete
Starting pass1b
Pass1b complete
Starting pass1c
Pass1c complete
Starting pass2
Pass2 complete
Starting pass3
Pass3 complete
Starting pass4
Pass4 complete
Starting pass5
Pass5 complete
Writing changes to disk
fsck.gfs2 complete
