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17.4. JAXB and JSON provider

RESTEasy lets you marshal JAXB annotated POJOs to and from JSON with the Jettison JSON library. You can find more information about Jettison at http://jettison.codehaus.org/.

Jettison has two mapping formats: the default Jettison Mapped Convention format, and BadgerFish.

For example, consider this JAXB class:

@XmlRootElement(name = "book")
public class Book {

   private String author;
   private String ISBN;
   private String title;

   public Book() {
   }

   public Book(String author, String ISBN, String title) {
      this.author = author;
      this.ISBN = ISBN;
      this.title = title;
   }

   @XmlElement
   public String getAuthor() {
      return author;
   }

   public void setAuthor(String author) {
      this.author = author;
   }

   @XmlElement
   public String getISBN() {
      return ISBN;
   }

   public void setISBN(String ISBN) {
      this.ISBN = ISBN;
   }

   @XmlAttribute
   public String getTitle() {
      return title;
   }

   public void setTitle(String title) {
      this.title = title;
   }
}

@XmlRootElement(name = "book")
public class Book {

   private String author;
   private String ISBN;
   private String title;

   public Book() {
   }

   public Book(String author, String ISBN, String title) {
      this.author = author;
      this.ISBN = ISBN;
      this.title = title;
   }

   @XmlElement
   public String getAuthor() {
      return author;
   }

   public void setAuthor(String author) {
      this.author = author;
   }

   @XmlElement
   public String getISBN() {
      return ISBN;
   }

   public void setISBN(String ISBN) {
      this.ISBN = ISBN;
   }

   @XmlAttribute
   public String getTitle() {
      return title;
   }

   public void setTitle(String title) {
      this.title = title;
   }
}

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The JAXB Book class would be marshalled to JSON using the BadgerFish Convention:

 {"book":
    {
       "@title":"EJB 3.0",
       "author":{"$":"Bill Burke"},
       "ISBN":{"$":"596529260"}
    }
 }

 {"book":
    {
       "@title":"EJB 3.0",
       "author":{"$":"Bill Burke"},
       "ISBN":{"$":"596529260"}
    }
 }

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Element values are associated with a map. To find the value of the element, you must access the $ variable. You could access the book like this, in JavaScript:

 var data = eval("(" + xhr.responseText + ")");
 document.getElementById("zone").innerHTML = data.book.@title;
 document.getElementById("zone").innerHTML += data.book.author.$;

 var data = eval("(" + xhr.responseText + ")");
 document.getElementById("zone").innerHTML = data.book.@title;
 document.getElementById("zone").innerHTML += data.book.author.$;

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To use the BadgerFish Convention you must use the @org.jboss.resteasy.annotations.providers.jaxb.json.BadgerFish annotation either on the JAXB class you are marshalling or unmarshalling, or on the JAX-RS resource method or parameter:

 @BadgerFish
 @XmlRootElement(name = "book")
 public class Book {...}

 @BadgerFish
 @XmlRootElement(name = "book")
 public class Book {...}

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To return a book on the JAX-RS method without polluting your JAXB classes with RESTEasy annotations, you can add the annotation to the JAX-RS method instead:

 @BadgerFish
 @GET
 public Book getBook(...) {...}

 @BadgerFish
 @GET
 public Book getBook(...) {...}

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If your input is a Book, place it on the parameter:

 @POST
 public void newBook(@BadgerFish Book book) {...}

 @POST
 public void newBook(@BadgerFish Book book) {...}

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The default Jettison Mapped Convention returns the following JSON:

 { "book" :
      {
         "@title":"EJB 3.0",
         "author":"Bill Burke",
         "ISBN":596529260
       }
 }

 { "book" :
      {
         "@title":"EJB 3.0",
         "author":"Bill Burke",
         "ISBN":596529260
       }
 }

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Note that title is prefixed with the @ character. Unlike the BadgerFish convention, this does not represent the value of element text, which makes it simpler (and a sensible default). To access this in JavaScript:

 var data = eval("(" + xhr.responseText + ")");
 document.getElementById("zone").innerHTML = data.book.@title;
 document.getElementById("zone").innerHTML += data.book.author;

 var data = eval("(" + xhr.responseText + ")");
 document.getElementById("zone").innerHTML = data.book.@title;
 document.getElementById("zone").innerHTML += data.book.author;

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The Mapped Convention lets you adjust the JAXB mapping with the @org.jboss.resteasy.annotations.providers.jaxb.json.Mapped annotation. With this, you can provide an XML namespace to JSON namespace mapping. For example, if you define your JAXB namespace within your package-info.java class like so:

 @javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSchema(namespace="http://jboss.org/books")
 package org.jboss.resteasy.test.books;

 @javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSchema(namespace="http://jboss.org/books")
 package org.jboss.resteasy.test.books;

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You must define a JSON-to-XML namespace mapping, or you will receive an exception:

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Invalid JSON namespace:
  http://jboss.org/books
at org.codehaus.jettison.mapped.MappedNamespaceConvention
  .getJSONNamespace(MappedNamespaceConvention.java:151)
at org.codehaus.jettison.mapped.MappedNamespaceConvention
  .createKey(MappedNamespaceConvention.java:158)
at org.codehaus.jettison.mapped.MappedXMLStreamWriter
  .writeStartElement(MappedXMLStreamWriter.java:241)

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Invalid JSON namespace:
  http://jboss.org/books
at org.codehaus.jettison.mapped.MappedNamespaceConvention
  .getJSONNamespace(MappedNamespaceConvention.java:151)
at org.codehaus.jettison.mapped.MappedNamespaceConvention
  .createKey(MappedNamespaceConvention.java:158)
at org.codehaus.jettison.mapped.MappedXMLStreamWriter
  .writeStartElement(MappedXMLStreamWriter.java:241)

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The @Mapped annotation fixes this problem. Place the @Mapped annotation on your JAXB classes, your JAX-RS resource method, or on the parameter that you are unmarshalling.

 import org.jboss.resteasy.annotations.providers.jaxb.json.Mapped;
 import org.jboss.resteasy.annotations.providers.jaxb.json.XmlNsMap;

 ...

@GET
@Produces("application/json")
@Mapped(namespaceMap = {
        @XmlNsMap(namespace = "http://jboss.org/books", jsonName = "books")
})
public Book get() {...}

 import org.jboss.resteasy.annotations.providers.jaxb.json.Mapped;
 import org.jboss.resteasy.annotations.providers.jaxb.json.XmlNsMap;

 ...

@GET
@Produces("application/json")
@Mapped(namespaceMap = {
        @XmlNsMap(namespace = "http://jboss.org/books", jsonName = "books")
})
public Book get() {...}

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You can also force @XmlAttributes to be marshalled as XMLElements.

            @Mapped(attributeAsElements={"title"})
            @XmlRootElement(name = "book")
            public class Book {...}

            @Mapped(attributeAsElements={"title"})
            @XmlRootElement(name = "book")
            public class Book {...}

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To return a book on the JAX-RS method without polluting your JAXB classes with RESTEasy annotations, add the annotation to the JAX-RS method:

            @Mapped(attributeAsElements={"title"})
            @GET
            public Book getBook(...) {...}

            @Mapped(attributeAsElements={"title"})
            @GET
            public Book getBook(...) {...}

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If your input is a Book, place it on the parameter:

 @POST
 public void newBook(@Mapped(attributeAsElements={"title"}) Book book) {...}

 @POST
 public void newBook(@Mapped(attributeAsElements={"title"}) Book book) {...}

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17.4. JAXB and JSON provider

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