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Chapter 8. Updating cluster logging

After updating the OpenShift Container Platform cluster from 4.4 to 4.5, you can then update the Elasticsearch Operator and Cluster Logging Operator from 4.4 to 4.5.

Cluster logging 4.5 introduces a new Elasticsearch version, Elasticsearch 6.8.1, and an enhanced security plug-in, Open Distro for Elasticsearch. The new Elasticsearch version introduces a new Elasticsearch data model, where the Elasticsearch data is indexed only by type: infrastructure, application, and audit. Previously, data was indexed by type (infrastructure and application) and project.

Important

Because of the new data model, the update does not migrate existing custom Kibana index patterns and visualizations into the new version. You must re-create your Kibana index patterns and visualizations to match the new indices after updating.

Due to the nature of these changes, you are not required to update your cluster logging to 4.5. However, when you update to OpenShift Container Platform 4.6, you must update cluster logging to 4.6 at that time.

8.1. Updating cluster logging
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After updating the OpenShift Container Platform cluster, you can update cluster logging from 4.4 to 4.5 by changing the subscription for the Elasticsearch Operator and the Cluster Logging Operator.

When you update:

  • You must update the Elasticsearch Operator before updating the Cluster Logging Operator.

  • You must update both the Elasticsearch Operator and the Cluster Logging Operator.

    Kibana is unusable when the Elasticsearch Operator has been updated but the Cluster Logging Operator has not been updated.

    If you update the Cluster Logging Operator before the Elasticsearch Operator, Kibana does not update and the Kibana custom resource (CR) is not created. To work around this problem, delete the Cluster Logging Operator pod. When the Cluster Logging Operator pod redeploys, the Kibana CR is created.

Important

If your cluster logging version is prior to 4.4, you must upgrade cluster logging to 4.4 before updating to 4.5.

Prerequisites

  • Update the OpenShift Container Platform cluster from 4.4 to 4.5.

  • Make sure the cluster logging status is healthy:

    • All pods are ready.
    • The Elasticsearch cluster is healthy.
  • Back up your Elasticsearch and Kibana data.

  • If your internal Elasticsearch instance uses persistent volume claims (PVCs), the PVCs must contain a logging-cluster:elasticsearch label. Without the label, during the upgrade the garbage collection process removes those PVCs and the Elasticsearch operator creates new PVCs.

    • If you are updating from an OpenShift Container Platform version prior to version 4.4.30, you must manually add the label to the Elasticsearch PVCs.

      For example, you can use the following command to add a label to all the Elasticsearch PVCs: 

      $ oc label pvc --all -n openshift-logging logging-cluster=elasticsearch
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    • After OpenShift Container Platform 4.4.30, the Elasticsearch operator automatically adds the label to the PVCs.

Procedure

  1. Update the Elasticsearch Operator:

    1. From the web console, click Operators Installed Operators.
    2. Select the openshift-operators-redhat project.
    3. Click the Elasticsearch Operator.
    4. Click Subscription Channel.
    5. In the Change Subscription Update Channel window, select 4.5 and click Save.

    6. Wait for a few seconds, then click Operators Installed Operators.

      The Elasticsearch Operator is shown as 4.5. For example: 

      Elasticsearch Operator
4.5.0-202007012112.p0 provided
by Red Hat, Inc
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      Wait for the Status field to report Succeeded.

  2. Update the Cluster Logging Operator:

    1. From the web console, click Operators Installed Operators.
    2. Select the openshift-logging project.
    3. Click the Cluster Logging Operator.
    4. Click Subscription Channel.
    5. In the Change Subscription Update Channel window, select 4.5 and click Save.

    6. Wait for a few seconds, then click Operators Installed Operators.

      The Cluster Logging Operator is shown as 4.5. For example: 

      Cluster Logging
4.5.0-202007012112.p0 provided
by Red Hat, Inc
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Wait for the Status field to report Succeeded.

  3. Check the logging components:

    1. Ensure that all Elasticsearch pods are in the Ready status: 

      $ oc get pod -n openshift-logging --selector component=elasticsearch
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      Example output

      NAME                                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
elasticsearch-cdm-1pbrl44l-1-55b7546f4c-mshhk   2/2     Running   0          31m
elasticsearch-cdm-1pbrl44l-2-5c6d87589f-gx5hk   2/2     Running   0          30m
elasticsearch-cdm-1pbrl44l-3-88df5d47-m45jc     2/2     Running   0          29m
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    2. Ensure that the Elasticsearch cluster is healthy: 

      $ oc exec -n openshift-logging -c elasticsearch elasticsearch-cdm-1pbrl44l-1-55b7546f4c-mshhk -- es_cluster_health
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      {
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "status" : "green",
}
...
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    3. Ensure that the Elasticsearch cron jobs are created: 

      $ oc project openshift-logging
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      $ oc get cronjob
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      NAME                     SCHEDULE       SUSPEND   ACTIVE   LAST SCHEDULE   AGE
elasticsearch-im-app     */15 * * * *   False     0        <none>          56s
elasticsearch-im-audit   */15 * * * *   False     0        <none>          56s
elasticsearch-im-infra   */15 * * * *   False     0        <none>          56s
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    4. Verify that the log store is updated to 4.5 and the indices are green: 

      $ oc exec -c elasticsearch <any_es_pod_in_the_cluster> -- indices
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      Verify that the output includes the app-00000x, infra-00000x, audit-00000x, .security indices.

      Example 8.1. Sample output with indices in a green status

      Tue Jun 30 14:30:54 UTC 2020
health status index                                                                 uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green  open   infra-000008                                                          bnBvUFEXTWi92z3zWAzieQ   3 1       222195            0        289            144
green  open   infra-000004                                                          rtDSzoqsSl6saisSK7Au1Q   3 1       226717            0        297            148
green  open   infra-000012                                                          RSf_kUwDSR2xEuKRZMPqZQ   3 1       227623            0        295            147
green  open   .kibana_7                                                             1SJdCqlZTPWlIAaOUd78yg   1 1            4            0          0              0
green  open   infra-000010                                                          iXwL3bnqTuGEABbUDa6OVw   3 1       248368            0        317            158
green  open   infra-000009                                                          YN9EsULWSNaxWeeNvOs0RA   3 1       258799            0        337            168
green  open   infra-000014                                                          YP0U6R7FQ_GVQVQZ6Yh9Ig   3 1       223788            0        292            146
green  open   infra-000015                                                          JRBbAbEmSMqK5X40df9HbQ   3 1       224371            0        291            145
green  open   .orphaned.2020.06.30                                                  n_xQC2dWQzConkvQqei3YA   3 1            9            0          0              0
green  open   infra-000007                                                          llkkAVSzSOmosWTSAJM_hg   3 1       228584            0        296            148
green  open   infra-000005                                                          d9BoGQdiQASsS3BBFm2iRA   3 1       227987            0        297            148
green  open   infra-000003                                                          1-goREK1QUKlQPAIVkWVaQ   3 1       226719            0        295            147
green  open   .security                                                             zeT65uOuRTKZMjg_bbUc1g   1 1            5            0          0              0
green  open   .kibana-377444158_kubeadmin                                           wvMhDwJkR-mRZQO84K0gUQ   3 1            1            0          0              0
green  open   infra-000006                                                          5H-KBSXGQKiO7hdapDE23g   3 1       226676            0        295            147
green  open   infra-000001                                                          eH53BQ-bSxSWR5xYZB6lVg   3 1       341800            0        443            220
green  open   .kibana-6                                                             RVp7TemSSemGJcsSUmuf3A   1 1            4            0          0              0
green  open   infra-000011                                                          J7XWBauWSTe0jnzX02fU6A   3 1       226100            0        293            146
green  open   app-000001                                                            axSAFfONQDmKwatkjPXdtw   3 1       103186            0        126             57
green  open   infra-000016                                                          m9c1iRLtStWSF1GopaRyCg   3 1        13685            0         19              9
green  open   infra-000002                                                          Hz6WvINtTvKcQzw-ewmbYg   3 1       228994            0        296            148
green  open   infra-000013                                                          KR9mMFUpQl-jraYtanyIGw   3 1       228166            0        298            148
green  open   audit-000001                                                          eERqLdLmQOiQDFES1LBATQ   3 1            0            0          0              0
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    5. Verify that the log collector is updated to 4.5: 

      $ oc get ds fluentd -o json | grep fluentd-init
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      Verify that the output includes a fluentd-init container: 

      "containerName": "fluentd-init"
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    6. Verify that the log visualizer is updated to 4.5 using the Kibana CRD: 

      $ oc get kibana kibana -o json
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      Verify that the output includes a Kibana pod with the ready status:

      Example 8.2. Sample output with a ready Kibana pod

      [
{
"clusterCondition": {
"kibana-5fdd766ffd-nb2jj": [
{
"lastTransitionTime": "2020-06-30T14:11:07Z",
"reason": "ContainerCreating",
"status": "True",
"type": ""
},
{
"lastTransitionTime": "2020-06-30T14:11:07Z",
"reason": "ContainerCreating",
"status": "True",
"type": ""
}
]
},
"deployment": "kibana",
"pods": {
"failed": [],
"notReady": []
"ready": []
},
"replicaSets": [
"kibana-5fdd766ffd"
],
"replicas": 1
}
]
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    7. Verify the Curator is updated to 4.5: 

      $ oc get cronjob -o name
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      cronjob.batch/curator
cronjob.batch/elasticsearch-delete-app
cronjob.batch/elasticsearch-delete-audit
cronjob.batch/elasticsearch-delete-infra
cronjob.batch/elasticsearch-rollover-app
cronjob.batch/elasticsearch-rollover-audit
cronjob.batch/elasticsearch-rollover-infra
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      Verify that the output includes the elasticsearch-delete-* and elasticsearch-rollover-* indices.

8.1.1. Post-update tasks
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If you use Kibana, after the Elasticsearch Operator and Cluster Logging Operator are fully updated to 4.5, you must recreate your Kibana index patterns and visualizations. Because of changes in the security plug-in, the cluster logging upgrade does not automatically create index patterns.

8.2. Defining Kibana index patterns
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An index pattern defines the Elasticsearch indices that you want to visualize. To explore and visualize data in Kibana, you must create an index pattern.

Prerequisites

  • A user must have the cluster-admin role, the cluster-reader role, or both roles to view the infra and audit indices in Kibana. The default kubeadmin user has proper permissions to view these indices.

    If you can view the pods and logs in the default, kube- and openshift- projects, you should be able to access these indices. You can use the following command to check if the current user has appropriate permissions: 

    $ oc auth can-i get pods/log -n <project>
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    Example output

    yes
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    Note

    The audit logs are not stored in the internal OpenShift Container Platform Elasticsearch instance by default. To view the audit logs in Kibana, you must use the Log Forwarding API to configure a pipeline that uses the default output for audit logs.

  • Elasticsearch documents must be indexed before you can create index patterns. This is done automatically, but it might take a few minutes in a new or updated cluster.

Procedure

To define index patterns and create visualizations in Kibana:

  1. In the OpenShift Container Platform console, click the Application Launcher app launcher and select Logging.

  2. Create your Kibana index patterns by clicking Management Index Patterns Create index pattern:

    • Each user must manually create index patterns when logging into Kibana the first time in order to see logs for their projects. Users must create an index pattern named app and use the @timestamp time field to view their container logs.
    • Each admin user must create index patterns when logged into Kibana the first time for the app, infra, and audit indices using the @timestamp time field.
  3. Create Kibana Visualizations from the new index patterns.
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