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Chapter 5. Multi-site configuration and administration

As a storage administrator, you can configure and administer multiple Ceph Object Gateways for a variety of use cases. You can learn what to do during a disaster recovery and failover events. Also, you can learn more about realms, zones, and syncing policies in multi-site Ceph Object Gateway environments.

A single zone configuration typically consists of one zone group containing one zone and one or more ceph-radosgw instances where you may load-balance gateway client requests between the instances. In a single zone configuration, typically multiple gateway instances point to a single Ceph storage cluster. However, Red Hat supports several multi-site configuration options for the Ceph Object Gateway:

  • Multi-zone: A more advanced configuration consists of one zone group and multiple zones, each zone with one or more ceph-radosgw instances. Each zone is backed by its own Ceph Storage Cluster. Multiple zones in a zone group provides disaster recovery for the zone group should one of the zones experience a significant failure. Each zone is active and may receive write operations. In addition to disaster recovery, multiple active zones may also serve as a foundation for content delivery networks.
  • Multi-zone-group: Formerly called 'regions', the Ceph Object Gateway can also support multiple zone groups, each zone group with one or more zones. Objects stored to zone groups within the same realm share a global namespace, ensuring unique object IDs across zone groups and zones.
  • Multiple Realms: The Ceph Object Gateway supports the notion of realms, which can be a single zone group or multiple zone groups and a globally unique namespace for the realm. Multiple realms provides the ability to support numerous configurations and namespaces.
gateway realm
View larger image
gateway realm

Prerequisites

  • A healthy running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Deployment of the Ceph Object Gateway software.

5.1. Requirements and Assumptions
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A multi-site configuration requires at least two Ceph storage clusters, and At least two Ceph object gateway instances, one for each Ceph storage cluster.

This guide assumes at least two Ceph storage clusters in geographically separate locations; however, the configuration can work on the same physical site. This guide also assumes four Ceph object gateway servers named rgw1, rgw2, rgw3 and rgw4 respectively.

A multi-site configuration requires a master zone group and a master zone. Additionally, each zone group requires a master zone. Zone groups might have one or more secondary or non-master zones.

Important

When planning network considerations for multi-site, it is important to understand the relation bandwidth and latency observed on the multi-site synchronization network and the clients ingest rate in direct correlation with the current sync state of the objects owed to the secondary site. The network link between Red Hat Ceph Storage multi-site clusters must be able to handle the ingest into the primary cluster to maintain an effective recovery time on the secondary site. Multi-site synchronization is asynchronous and one of the limitations is the rate at which the sync gateways can process data across the link. An example to look at in terms of network inter-connectivity speed could be 1 GbE or inter-datacenter connectivity, for every 8 TB or cumulative receive data, per client gateway. Thus, if you replicate to two other sites, and ingest 16 TB a day, you need 6 GbE of dedicated bandwidth for multi-site replication.

Red Hat also recommends private Ethernet or Dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) as a VPN over the internet is not ideal due to the additional overhead incurred.

Important

The master zone within the master zone group of a realm is responsible for storing the master copy of the realm’s metadata, including users, quotas and buckets (created by the radosgw-admin CLI). This metadata gets synchronized to secondary zones and secondary zone groups automatically. Metadata operations executed with the radosgw-admin CLI MUST be executed on a host within the master zone of the master zone group in order to ensure that they get synchronized to the secondary zone groups and zones. Currently, it is possible to execute metadata operations on secondary zones and zone groups, but it is NOT recommended because they WILL NOT be synchronized, leading to fragmented metadata.

Note

For new Ceph Object Gateway deployment in multi-site, it takes around 20 minutes to sync metadata operations to the secondary site.

In the following examples, the rgw1 host will serve as the master zone of the master zone group; the rgw2 host will serve as the secondary zone of the master zone group; the rgw3 host will serve as the master zone of the secondary zone group; and the rgw4 host will serve as the secondary zone of the secondary zone group.

Important

Red Hat recommends to use load balancer and three Ceph Object Gateway daemons to have sync end points with multi-site. For the non-syncing Ceph Object Gateway nodes in a multi-site configuration, which are dedicated for client I/O operations through load balancers, run the ceph config set client.rgw.CLIENT_NODE rgw_run_sync_thread false command to prevent them from performing sync operations, and then restart the Ceph Object Gateway.

Following is a typical configuration file for HAProxy for syncing gateways:

Example

[root@host01 ~]# cat ./haproxy.cfg

global

	log     	127.0.0.1 local2

	chroot  	/var/lib/haproxy
	pidfile 	/var/run/haproxy.pid
	maxconn 	7000
	user    	haproxy
	group   	haproxy
	daemon

	stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats

defaults

	mode                	http
	log                 	global
	option              	httplog
	option              	dontlognull
	option http-server-close
	option forwardfor   	except 127.0.0.0/8
	option              	redispatch
	retries             	3
	timeout http-request	10s
	timeout queue       	1m
	timeout connect     	10s
	timeout client      	30s
	timeout server      	30s
	timeout http-keep-alive 10s
	timeout check       	10s
        timeout client-fin 1s
        timeout server-fin 1s
	maxconn             	6000


listen  stats
	bind	0.0.0.0:1936
    	mode        	http
    	log         	global

    	maxconn 256


    	clitimeout  	10m
    	srvtimeout  	10m
    	contimeout  	10m
    	timeout queue   10m

# JTH start
    	stats enable
    	stats hide-version
    	stats refresh 30s
    	stats show-node
##    	stats auth admin:password
    	stats uri  /haproxy?stats
       stats admin if TRUE


frontend  main
	bind	 *:5000
	acl url_static   	path_beg   	-i /static /images /javascript /stylesheets
	acl url_static   	path_end   	-i .jpg .gif .png .css .js

	use_backend static      	if url_static
	default_backend         	app
        maxconn 6000

backend static
	balance 	roundrobin
    fullconn 6000
    server  app8 host01:8080 check maxconn 2000
    server  app9 host02:8080 check maxconn 2000
    server  app10 host03:8080 check maxconn 2000


backend app
	balance 	roundrobin
    fullconn 6000
    server  app8 host01:8080 check maxconn 2000
    server  app9 host02:8080 check maxconn 2000
    server  app10 host03:8080 check maxconn 2000
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5.2. Pools
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Red Hat recommends using the Ceph Placement Group’s per Pool Calculator to calculate a suitable number of placement groups for the pools the radosgw daemon will create. Set the calculated values as defaults in the Ceph configuration database.

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set osd osd_pool_default_pg_num 50
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set osd osd_pool_default_pgp_num 50
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Note

Making this change to the Ceph configuration will use those defaults when the Ceph Object Gateway instance creates the pools. Alternatively, you can create the pools manually.

Pool names particular to a zone follow the naming convention ZONE_NAME.POOL_NAME. For example, a zone named us-east will have the following pools:

  • .rgw.root
  • us-east.rgw.control
  • us-east.rgw.meta
  • us-east.rgw.log
  • us-east.rgw.buckets.index
  • us-east.rgw.buckets.data
  • us-east.rgw.buckets.non-ec
  • us-east.rgw.meta:users.keys
  • us-east.rgw.meta:users.email
  • us-east.rgw.meta:users.swift
  • us-east.rgw.meta:users.uid

5.3. Migrating a single site system to multi-site
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To migrate from a single site system with a default zone group and zone to a multi-site system, use the following steps:

  1. Create a realm. Replace REALM_NAME with the realm name.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm REALM_NAME --default
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  2. Rename the default zone and zonegroup. Replace NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME and NEW_ZONE_NAME with the zonegroup and zone name respectively.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup rename --rgw-zonegroup default --zonegroup-new-name NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME
radosgw-admin zone rename --rgw-zone default --zone-new-name NEW_ZONE_NAME --rgw-zonegroup NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME
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  3. Rename the default zonegroup’s api_name. Replace NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME with the zonegroup name.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup modify --api-name NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME --rgw-zonegroup NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME
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  4. Configure the primary zonegroup. Replace NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME with the zonegroup name and REALM_NAME with realm name. Replace ENDPOINT with the fully qualified domain names in the zonegroup.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup modify --rgw-realm REALM_NAME --rgw-zonegroup NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME --endpoints http://ENDPOINT --master --default
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  5. Configure the primary zone. Replace REALM_NAME with realm name, NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME with the zonegroup name, NEW_ZONE_NAME with the zone name, and ENDPOINT with the fully qualified domain names in the zonegroup.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-realm REALM_NAME --rgw-zonegroup NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME --rgw-zone NEW_ZONE_NAME --endpoints http://ENDPOINT --master --default
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  6. Create a system user. Replace USER_ID with the username. Replace DISPLAY_NAME with a display name. It can contain spaces.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin user create --uid USER_ID --display-name DISPLAY_NAME --access-key ACCESS_KEY --secret SECRET_KEY --system
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  7. Commit the updated configuration:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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  8. Grep for the rgw service name

    Syntax

    ceph orch ls | grep rgw
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  9. Setup the configurations for realm, zonegroup and the primary zone.

    Syntax

    ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_realm REALM_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zonegroup ZONE_GROUP_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zone PRIMARY_ZONE_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_realm test_realm
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zonegroup us
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zone us-east-1
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  10. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# systemctl restart ceph-radosgw@rgw.`hostname -s`
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    Syntax

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart _RGW_SERVICE_NAME_
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp
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5.4. Establishing a secondary zone
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Zones within a zone group replicate all data to ensure that each zone has the same data. When creating the secondary zone, issue ALL of the radosgw-admin zone operations on a host identified to serve the secondary zone.

Note

To add a additional zones, follow the same procedures as for adding the secondary zone. Use a different zone name.

Important
  • Run the metadata operations, such as user creation and quotas, on a host within the master zone of the master zonegroup. The master zone and the secondary zone can receive bucket operations from the RESTful APIs, but the secondary zone redirects bucket operations to the master zone. If the master zone is down, bucket operations will fail. If you create a bucket using the radosgw-admin CLI, you must run it on a host within the master zone of the master zone group so that the buckets will synchronize with other zone groups and zones.
  • Bucket creation for a particular user is not supported, even if you create a user in the secondary zone with --yes-i-really-mean-it.

Prerequisites

  • At least two running Red Hat Ceph Storage clusters.
  • At least two Ceph Object Gateway instances, one for each Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root-level access to all the nodes.
  • Nodes or containers are added to the storage cluster.
  • All Ceph Manager, Monitor, and OSD daemons are deployed.

Procedure

  1. Log into the cephadm shell:

    Example

    [root@host04 ~]# cephadm shell
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  2. Pull the primary realm configuration from the host:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm pull --url=URL_TO_PRIMARY_ZONE_GATEWAY --access-key=ACCESS_KEY --secret-key=SECRET_KEY
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin realm pull --url=http://10.74.249.26:80 --access-key=LIPEYZJLTWXRKXS9LPJC --secret-key=IsAje0AVDNXNw48LjMAimpCpI7VaxJYSnfD0FFKQ
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  3. Pull the primary period configuration from the host:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin period pull --url=URL_TO_PRIMARY_ZONE_GATEWAY --access-key=ACCESS_KEY --secret-key=SECRET_KEY
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin period pull --url=http://10.74.249.26:80 --access-key=LIPEYZJLTWXRKXS9LPJC --secret-key=IsAje0AVDNXNw48LjMAimpCpI7VaxJYSnfD0FFKQ
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  4. Configure a secondary zone:

    Note

    All zones run in an active-active configuration by default; that is, a gateway client might write data to any zone and the zone will replicate the data to all other zones within the zone group. If the secondary zone should not accept write operations, specify the `--read-only flag to create an active-passive configuration between the master zone and the secondary zone. Additionally, provide the access_key and secret_key of the generated system user stored in the master zone of the master zone group.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=_ZONE_GROUP_NAME_ \
             --rgw-zone=_SECONDARY_ZONE_NAME_ --endpoints=http://_RGW_SECONDARY_HOSTNAME_:_RGW_PRIMARY_PORT_NUMBER_1_ \
             --access-key=_SYSTEM_ACCESS_KEY_ --secret=_SYSTEM_SECRET_KEY_ \
             [--read-only]
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=us --rgw-zone=us-east-2 --endpoints=http://rgw2:80 --access-key=LIPEYZJLTWXRKXS9LPJC --secret-key=IsAje0AVDNXNw48LjMAimpCpI7VaxJYSnfD0FFKQ
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  5. Optional: Delete the default zone:

    Important

    Do not delete the default zone and its pools if you are using the default zone and zone group to store data.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin zone rm --rgw-zone=default
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph osd pool rm default.rgw.log default.rgw.log --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph osd pool rm default.rgw.meta default.rgw.meta --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph osd pool rm default.rgw.control default.rgw.control --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph osd pool rm default.rgw.data.root default.rgw.data.root --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph osd pool rm default.rgw.gc default.rgw.gc --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
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  6. Update the Ceph configuration database:

    Syntax

    ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_realm REALM_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zonegroup ZONE_GROUP_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zone SECONDARY_ZONE_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_realm test_realm
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zonegroup us
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zone us-east-2
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  7. Commit the changes:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin period update --commit
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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  8. Outside the cephadm shell, fetch the FSID of the storage cluster and the processes:

    Example

    [root@host04 ~]#  systemctl list-units | grep ceph
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  9. Start the Ceph Object Gateway daemon:

    Syntax

    systemctl start ceph-FSID@DAEMON_NAME
systemctl enable ceph-FSID@DAEMON_NAME
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    Example

    [root@host04 ~]# systemctl start ceph-62a081a6-88aa-11eb-a367-001a4a000672@rgw.test_realm.us-east-2.host04.ahdtsw.service
[root@host04 ~]# systemctl enable ceph-62a081a6-88aa-11eb-a367-001a4a000672@rgw.test_realm.us-east-2.host04.ahdtsw.service
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5.4.1. Configuring the archive zone
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Note

Ensure you have a realm before configuring a zone as an archive. Without a realm, you cannot archive data through an archive zone for default zone/zonegroups.

Archive Object data residing on Red Hat Ceph Storage using the Object Storage Archive Zone Feature.

The archive zone uses multi-site replication and S3 object versioning feature in Ceph Object Gateway. The archive zone retains all version of all the objects available, even when deleted in the production file.

The archive zone has a history of versions of S3 objects that can only be eliminated through the gateways that are associated with the archive zone. It captures all the data updates and metadata to consolidate them as versions of S3 objects.

Bucket granular replication to the archive zone can be used after creating an archive zone.

You can control the storage space usage of an archive zone through the bucket Lifecycle policies, where you can define the number of versions you would like to keep for an object.

An archive zone helps protect your data against logical or physical errors. It can save users from logical failures, such as accidentally deleting a bucket in the production zone. It can also save your data from massive hardware failures, like a complete production site failure. Additionally, it provides an immutable copy, which can help build a ransomware protection strategy.

To implement the bucket granular replication, use the sync policies commands for enabling and disabling policies. See Creating a sync policy group and Modifying a sync policy group for more information.

Note

Using the sync policy group procedures is optional and only necessary to use enabling and disabling with bucket granular replication. For using the archive zone without bucket granular replication, it is not necessary to use the sync policy procedures.

If you want to migrate the storage cluster from single site, see Migrating a single site system to multi-site.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root-level access to a Ceph Monitor node.
  • Installation of the Ceph Object Gateway software.

Procedure

  • During new zone creation, use the archive tier to configure the archive zone.

    Syntax

    $ radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup={ZONE_GROUP_NAME} --rgw-zone={ZONE_NAME} --endpoints={http://FQDN:PORT},{http://FQDN:PORT} --tier-type=archive
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=us --rgw-zone=us-east --endpoints={http://example.com:8080} --tier-type=archive
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  • From the archive zone, modify the archive zone to sync from only the primary zone and perform a period update commit.

    Syntax

    $ radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone archive --sync_from primary --sync_from_all false --sync-from-rm secondary

$ radosgw-admin period update --commit
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Note

The recommendation is to reduce the max_objs_per_shard to 50K to account for the omap olh entries in the archive zone. This helps in keeping the number of omap entries per bucket index shard object in check to prevent large omap warnings.

For example, 

$ ceph config set client.rgw rgw_max_objs_per_shard 50000
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5.4.1.1. Deleting objects in archive zone
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You can use an S3 lifecycle policy extension to delete objects within an <ArchiveZone> element.

Important

Archive zone objects can only be deleted using the expiration lifecycle policy rule.

  • If any <Rule> section contains an <ArchiveZone> element, that rule executes in archive zone and are the ONLY rules which run in an archive zone.
  • Rules marked <ArchiveZone> do NOT execute in non-archive zones.

The rules within the lifecycle policy determine when and what objects to delete. For more information about lifecycle creation and management, see Bucket lifecycle.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root-level access to a Ceph Monitor node.
  • Installation of the Ceph Object Gateway software.

Procedure

  1. Set the <ArchiveZone> lifecycle policy rule. For more information about creating a lifecycle policy, see See the Creating a lifecycle management policy section in the Red Hat Ceph Storage Object Gateway Guide for more details.

    Example

    <?xml version="1.0" ?>
<LifecycleConfiguration xmlns="http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01/">
        <Rule>
                <ID>delete-1-days-az</ID>
                <Filter>
		  <Prefix></Prefix>
		  <ArchiveZone />
    1 
    
                </Filter>
                <Status>Enabled</Status>
                <Expiration>
                        <Days>1</Days>
                </Expiration>
        </Rule>
</LifecycleConfiguration>
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  2. Optional: See if a specific lifecycle policy contains an archive zone rule.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin lc get --bucket BUCKET_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin lc get --bucket test-bkt

{
    "prefix_map": {
        "": {
            "status": true,
            "dm_expiration": true,
            "expiration": 0,
            "noncur_expiration": 2,
            "mp_expiration": 0,
            "transitions": {},
            "noncur_transitions": {}
        }
    },
    "rule_map": [
        {
            "id": "Rule 1",
            "rule": {
                "id": "Rule 1",
                "prefix": "",
                "status": "Enabled",
                "expiration": {
                    "days": "",
                    "date": ""
                },
                "noncur_expiration": {
                    "days": "2",
                    "date": ""
                },
                "mp_expiration": {
                    "days": "",
                    "date": ""
                },
                "filter": {
                    "prefix": "",
                    "obj_tags": {
                        "tagset": {}
                    },
                    "archivezone": ""
    1 
    
                },
                "transitions": {},
                "noncur_transitions": {},
                "dm_expiration": true
            }
        }
    ]
}
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    1 1
    The archive zone rule. This is an example of a lifecycle policy with an archive zone rule.

  3. If the Ceph Object Gateway user is deleted, the buckets at the archive site owned by that user is inaccessible. Link those buckets to another Ceph Object Gateway user to access the data.

    Syntax

     radosgw-admin bucket link --uid NEW_USER_ID --bucket BUCKET_NAME --yes-i-really-mean-it
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin bucket link --uid arcuser1 --bucket arc1-deleted-da473fbbaded232dc5d1e434675c1068 --yes-i-really-mean-it
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5.4.2. Failover and disaster recovery
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If the primary zone fails, failover to the secondary zone for disaster recovery.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root-level access to a Ceph Monitor node.
  • Installation of the Ceph Object Gateway software.

Procedure

  1. Make the secondary zone the primary and default zone. For example:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --master --default
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    By default, Ceph Object Gateway runs in an active-active configuration. If the cluster was configured to run in an active-passive configuration, the secondary zone is a read-only zone. Remove the --read-only status to allow the zone to receive write operations. For example:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --master --default --read-only=false
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  2. Update the period to make the changes take effect:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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  3. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway.

    Note

    Use the output from the ceph orch ps command, under the NAME column, to get the SERVICE_TYPE.ID information.

    1. To restart the Ceph Object Gateway on an individual node in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      systemctl restart ceph-CLUSTER_ID@SERVICE_TYPE.ID.service
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      Example

      [root@host01 ~]# systemctl restart ceph-c4b34c6f-8365-11ba-dc31-529020a7702d@rgw.realm.zone.host01.gwasto.service
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    2. To restart the Ceph Object Gateways on all nodes in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
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      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
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If the former primary zone recovers, revert the operation.

  1. From the recovered zone, pull the realm from the current primary zone:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm pull --url=URL_TO_PRIMARY_ZONE_GATEWAY \
                            --access-key=ACCESS_KEY --secret=SECRET_KEY
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  2. Make the recovered zone the primary and default zone:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --master --default
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  3. Update the period to make the changes take effect:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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  4. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway in the recovered zone:

    Syntax

    ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  5. If the secondary zone needs to be a read-only configuration, update the secondary zone:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --read-only
radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --read-only
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  6. Update the period to make the changes take effect:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  7. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway in the secondary zone:

    Syntax

    ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.5. 3-site failover and disaster recovery
Copiar enlace

Recover your data from different failover and disaster scenarios.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root-level access to a Ceph Monitor node.
  • Installation of the Ceph Object Gateway software.

Procedure

  1. Make the either the secondary or tertiary zone the primary and default zone. For example:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --master --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    By default, Ceph Object Gateway runs in an active-active-active configuration. If the cluster was configured to run in an active-passive-passive configuration, the secondary and tertiary zones are read-only zones. Remove the --read-only status to allow the zone to receive write operations. For example:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --master --default --read-only=false
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  2. Update the period to make the changes take effect.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  3. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway.

    Note

    Use the output from the ceph orch ps command, under the NAME column, to get the SERVICE_TYPE.ID information.

    1. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway on an individual node in the storage cluster.

      Syntax

      systemctl restart ceph-CLUSTER_ID@SERVICE_TYPE.ID.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [root@host01 ~]# systemctl restart ceph-c4b34c6f-8365-11ba-dc31-529020a7702d@rgw.realm.zone.host01.gwasto.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    2. Restart the Ceph Object Gateways on all nodes in the storage cluster.

      Syntax

      ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      If the former primary zone recovers, revert the operation.

  4. From the recovered zone, pull the realm from the current primary zone.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm pull --url=URL_TO_PRIMARY_ZONE_GATEWAY \
                            --access-key=ACCESS_KEY --secret=SECRET_KEY
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  5. Make the recovered zone the primary and default zone:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --master --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  6. Update the period to make the changes take effect.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  7. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway in the recovered zone.

    Syntax

    ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  8. If the secondary and tertiary zones need to be a read-only configuration, update each zone.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --read-only
radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --read-only
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  9. Update the period to make the changes take effect.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  10. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway in the receovered zones.

    Syntax

    ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.6. Configuring multiple realms in the same storage cluster
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You can configure multiple realms in the same storage cluster. This is a more advanced use case for multi-site. Configuring multiple realms in the same storage cluster enables you to use a local realm to handle local Ceph Object Gateway client traffic, as well as a replicated realm for data that will be replicated to a secondary site.

Note

Red Hat recommends that each realm has its own Ceph Object Gateway.

Prerequisites

  • Two running Red Hat Ceph Storage data centers in a storage cluster.
  • The access key and secret key for each data center in the storage cluster.
  • Root-level access to all the Ceph Object Gateway nodes.
  • Each data center has its own local realm. They share a realm that replicates on both sites.

Procedure

  1. Create one local realm on the first data center in the storage cluster:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=ldc1 --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  2. Create one local master zonegroup on the first data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME --endpoints=http://RGW_NODE_NAME:80 --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME --master --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=ldc1zg --endpoints=http://rgw1:80 --rgw-realm=ldc1 --master --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  3. Create one local zone on the first data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --master --default --endpoints=HTTP_FQDN[,HTTP_FQDN]
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=ldc1zg --rgw-zone=ldc1z --master --default --endpoints=http://rgw.example.com
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  4. Commit the period:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  5. You can either deploy the Ceph Object Gateway daemons with the appropriate realm and zone or update the configuration database:

    • Deploy the Ceph Object Gateway using placement specification:

      Syntax

      ceph orch apply rgw SERVICE_NAME --realm=REALM_NAME --zone=ZONE_NAME --placement="NUMBER_OF_DAEMONS HOST_NAME_1 HOST_NAME_2"
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch apply rgw rgw --realm=ldc1 --zone=ldc1z --placement="1 host01"
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    • Update the Ceph configuration database:

      Syntax

      ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_realm REALM_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zonegroup ZONE_GROUP_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zone ZONE_NAME
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_realm ldc1
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zonegroup ldc1zg
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zone ldc1z
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  6. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway.

    Note

    Use the output from the ceph orch ps command, under the NAME column, to get the SERVICE_TYPE.ID information.

    1. To restart the Ceph Object Gateway on an individual node in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      systemctl restart ceph-CLUSTER_ID@SERVICE_TYPE.ID.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [root@host01 ~]# systemctl restart ceph-c4b34c6f-8365-11ba-dc31-529020a7702d@rgw.realm.zone.host01.gwasto.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    2. To restart the Ceph Object Gateways on all nodes in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  7. Create one local realm on the second data center in the storage cluster:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=ldc2 --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  8. Create one local master zonegroup on the second data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME --endpoints=http://RGW_NODE_NAME:80 --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME --master --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=ldc2zg --endpoints=http://rgw2:80 --rgw-realm=ldc2 --master --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  9. Create one local zone on the second data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --master --default --endpoints=HTTP_FQDN[, HTTP_FQDN]
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=ldc2zg --rgw-zone=ldc2z --master --default --endpoints=http://rgw.example.com
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  10. Commit the period:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  11. You can either deploy the Ceph Object Gateway daemons with the appropriate realm and zone or update the configuration database:

    • Deploy the Ceph Object Gateway using placement specification:

      Syntax

      ceph orch apply rgw SERVICE_NAME --realm=REALM_NAME --zone=ZONE_NAME --placement="NUMBER_OF_DAEMONS HOST_NAME_1 HOST_NAME_2"
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch apply rgw rgw --realm=ldc2 --zone=ldc2z --placement="1 host01"
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    • Update the Ceph configuration database:

      Syntax

      ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_realm REALM_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zonegroup ZONE_GROUP_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zone ZONE_NAME
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_realm ldc2
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zonegroup ldc2zg
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zone ldc2z
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  12. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway.

    Note

    Use the output from the ceph orch ps command, under the NAME column, to get the SERVICE_TYPE.ID information.

    1. To restart the Ceph Object Gateway on individual node in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      systemctl restart ceph-CLUSTER_ID@SERVICE_TYPE.ID.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [root@host04 ~]# systemctl restart ceph-c4b34c6f-8365-11ba-dc31-529020a7702d@rgw.realm.zone.host01.gwasto.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    2. To restart the Ceph Object Gateways on all nodes in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  13. Create a replicated realm on the first data center in the storage cluster:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=REPLICATED_REALM_1 --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=rdc1 --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Use the --default flag to make the replicated realm default on the primary site.

  14. Create a master zonegroup for the first data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=RGW_ZONE_GROUP --endpoints=http://_RGW_NODE_NAME:80 --rgw-realm=_RGW_REALM_NAME --master --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=rdc1zg --endpoints=http://rgw1:80 --rgw-realm=rdc1 --master --default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  15. Create a master zone on the first data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=RGW_ZONE_GROUP --rgw-zone=_MASTER_RGW_NODE_NAME --master --default --endpoints=HTTP_FQDN[,HTTP_FQDN]
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=rdc1zg --rgw-zone=rdc1z --master --default --endpoints=http://rgw.example.com
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  16. Create a synchronization user and add the system user to the master zone for multi-site:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin user create --uid="SYNCHRONIZATION_USER" --display-name="Synchronization User" --system
radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=RGW_ZONE --access-key=ACCESS_KEY --secret=SECRET_KEY
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    radosgw-admin user create --uid="synchronization-user" --display-name="Synchronization User" --system
[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zone modify --rgw-zone=rdc1zg --access-key=3QV0D6ZMMCJZMSCXJ2QJ --secret=VpvQWcsfI9OPzUCpR4kynDLAbqa1OIKqRB6WEnH8
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  17. Commit the period:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  18. You can either deploy the Ceph Object Gateway daemons with the appropriate realm and zone or update the configuration database:

    • Deploy the Ceph Object Gateway using placement specification:

      Syntax

      ceph orch apply rgw SERVICE_NAME --realm=REALM_NAME --zone=ZONE_NAME --placement="NUMBER_OF_DAEMONS HOST_NAME_1 HOST_NAME_2"
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch apply rgw rgw --realm=rdc1 --zone=rdc1z --placement="1 host01"
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    • Update the Ceph configuration database:

      Syntax

      ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME  rgw_realm REALM_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME  rgw_zonegroup ZONE_GROUP_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME  rgw_zone ZONE_NAME
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_realm rdc1
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zonegroup rdc1zg
[ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zone rdc1z
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  19. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway.

    Note

    Use the output from the ceph orch ps command, under the NAME column, to get the SERVICE_TYPE.ID information.

    1. To restart the Ceph Object Gateway on individual node in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      systemctl restart ceph-CLUSTER_ID@SERVICE_TYPE.ID.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [root@host01 ~]# systemctl restart ceph-c4b34c6f-8365-11ba-dc31-529020a7702d@rgw.realm.zone.host01.gwasto.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    2. To restart the Ceph Object Gateways on all nodes in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host01 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  20. Pull the replicated realm on the second data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm pull --url=https://tower-osd1.cephtips.com --access-key=ACCESS_KEY --secret-key=SECRET_KEY
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm pull --url=https://tower-osd1.cephtips.com --access-key=3QV0D6ZMMCJZMSCXJ2QJ --secret-key=VpvQWcsfI9OPzUCpR4kynDLAbqa1OIKqRB6WEnH8
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  21. Pull the period from the first data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin period pull --url=https://tower-osd1.cephtips.com --access-key=ACCESS_KEY --secret-key=SECRET_KEY
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period pull --url=https://tower-osd1.cephtips.com --access-key=3QV0D6ZMMCJZMSCXJ2QJ --secret-key=VpvQWcsfI9OPzUCpR4kynDLAbqa1OIKqRB6WEnH8
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  22. Create the secondary zone on the second data center:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zone=RGW_ZONE --rgw-zonegroup=RGW_ZONE_GROUP --endpoints=https://tower-osd4.cephtips.com --access-key=_ACCESS_KEY --secret-key=SECRET_KEY
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zone=rdc2z --rgw-zonegroup=rdc1zg --endpoints=https://tower-osd4.cephtips.com --access-key=3QV0D6ZMMCJZMSCXJ2QJ --secret-key=VpvQWcsfI9OPzUCpR4kynDLAbqa1OIKqRB6WEnH8
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  23. Commit the period:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  24. You can either deploy the Ceph Object Gateway daemons with the appropriate realm and zone or update the configuration database:

    • Deploy the Ceph Object Gateway using placement specification:

      Syntax

      ceph orch apply rgw SERVICE_NAME --realm=REALM_NAME --zone=ZONE_NAME --placement="NUMBER_OF_DAEMONS HOST_NAME_1 HOST_NAME_2"
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph orch apply rgw rgw --realm=rdc1 --zone=rdc2z --placement="1 host04"
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    • Update the Ceph configuration database:

      Syntax

      ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_realm REALM_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zonegroup ZONE_GROUP_NAME
ceph config set client.rgw.SERVICE_NAME rgw_zone ZONE_NAME
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_realm rdc1
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zonegroup rdc1zg
[ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph config set client.rgw.rgwsvcid.mons-1.jwgwwp rgw_zone rdc2z
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  25. Restart the Ceph Object Gateway.

    Note

    Use the output from the ceph orch ps command, under the NAME column, to get the SERVICE_TYPE.ID information.

    1. To restart the Ceph Object Gateway on individual node in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      systemctl restart ceph-CLUSTER_ID@SERVICE_TYPE.ID.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [root@host02 ~]# systemctl restart ceph-c4b34c6f-8365-11ba-dc31-529020a7702d@rgw.realm.zone.host01.gwasto.service
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    2. To restart the Ceph Object Gateways on all nodes in the storage cluster:

      Syntax

      ceph orch restart SERVICE_TYPE
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      Example

      [ceph: root@host04 /]# ceph orch restart rgw
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  26. Log in as root on the endpoint for the second data center.

  27. Verify the synchronization status on the master realm:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync status
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin sync status
          realm 59762f08-470c-46de-b2b1-d92c50986e67 (ldc2)
      zonegroup 7cf8daf8-d279-4d5c-b73e-c7fd2af65197 (ldc2zg)
           zone 034ae8d3-ae0c-4e35-8760-134782cb4196 (ldc2z)
  metadata sync no sync (zone is master)
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  28. Log in as root on the endpoint for the first data center.

  29. Verify the synchronization status for the replication-synchronization realm:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync status --rgw-realm RGW_REALM_NAME
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync status --rgw-realm rdc1
          realm 73c7b801-3736-4a89-aaf8-e23c96e6e29d (rdc1)
      zonegroup d67cc9c9-690a-4076-89b8-e8127d868398 (rdc1zg)
           zone 67584789-375b-4d61-8f12-d1cf71998b38 (rdc2z)
  metadata sync syncing
                full sync: 0/64 shards
                incremental sync: 64/64 shards
                metadata is caught up with master
      data sync source: 705ff9b0-68d5-4475-9017-452107cec9a0 (rdc1z)
                        syncing
                        full sync: 0/128 shards
                        incremental sync: 128/128 shards
                        data is caught up with source
          realm 73c7b801-3736-4a89-aaf8-e23c96e6e29d (rdc1)
      zonegroup d67cc9c9-690a-4076-89b8-e8127d868398 (rdc1zg)
           zone 67584789-375b-4d61-8f12-d1cf71998b38 (rdc2z)
  metadata sync syncing
                full sync: 0/64 shards
                incremental sync: 64/64 shards
                metadata is caught up with master
      data sync source: 705ff9b0-68d5-4475-9017-452107cec9a0 (rdc1z)
                        syncing
                        full sync: 0/128 shards
                        incremental sync: 128/128 shards
                        data is caught up with source
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  30. To store and access data in the local site, create the user for local realm:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin user create --uid="LOCAL_USER" --display-name="Local user" --rgw-realm=_REALM_NAME --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host04 /]# radosgw-admin user create --uid="local-user" --display-name="Local user" --rgw-realm=ldc1 --rgw-zonegroup=ldc1zg --rgw-zone=ldc1z
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Important

    By default, users are created under the default realm. For the users to access data in the local realm, the radosgw-admin command requires the --rgw-realm argument.

5.7. Using multi-site sync policies
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As a storage administrator, you can use multi-site sync policies at the bucket level to control data movement between buckets in different zones. These policies are called bucket-granularity sync policies. Previously, all buckets within zones were treated symmetrically. This means that each zone contained a mirror copy of a given bucket, and the copies of buckets were identical in all of the zones. The sync process assumed that the bucket sync source and the bucket sync destination referred to the same bucket.

Important

Bucket sync policies apply to data only, and metadata is synced across all the zones in the multi-site irrespective of the presence of the the bucket sync policies. Objects that were created, modified, or deleted when the bucket sync policy was in allowed or forbidden place, it does not automatically sync when policy takes effect. Run the bucket sync run command to sync these objects.

Important

If there are multiple sync policies defined at zonegroup level, only one policy can be in enabled state at any time. We can toggle between policies if needed

The sync policy supersedes the old zone group coarse configuration (sync_from*). The sync policy can be configured at the zone group level. If it is configured, it replaces the old-style configuration at the zone group level, but it can also be configured at the bucket level.

Important

The bucket sync policies are applicable to the archive zones. The movement from an archive zone is not bidirectional wherein all the objects can be moved from active zone to archive zone. However, you cannot move objects from the archive zone to active zone since archive zone is read-only.

Example for bucket sync policy for zone groups

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync info --bucket=buck
{
    "sources": [
        {
            "id": "pipe1",
            "source": {
                "zone": "us-east",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
            "dest": {
                "zone": "us-west",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
           ...
        }
    ],
    "dests": [
        {
            "id": "pipe1",
            "source": {
                "zone": "us-west",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
            "dest": {
                "zone": "us-east",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
           ...
        },
        {
            "id": "pipe1",
            "source": {
                "zone": "us-west",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
            "dest": {
                "zone": "us-west-2",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
           ...
        }
    ],
    ...
}
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Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root-level access to a Ceph Monitor node.
  • Installation of the Ceph Object Gateway software.

5.7.1. Multi-site sync policy group state
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In the sync policy, multiple groups that can contain lists of data-flow configurations can be defined, as well as lists of pipe configurations. The data-flow defines the flow of data between the different zones. It can define symmetrical data flow, in which multiple zones sync data from each other, and it can define directional data flow, in which the data moves in one way from one zone to another.

A pipe defines the actual buckets that can use these data flows, and the properties that are associated with it, such as the source object prefix.

A sync policy group can be in 3 states:

  • enabled — sync is allowed and enabled.
  • allowed — sync is allowed.
  • forbidden — sync, as defined by this group, is not allowed.

When the zones replicate, you can disable replication for specific buckets using the sync policy. The following are the semantics that need to be followed to resolve the policy conflicts:

Expand
ZonegroupBucketResult

enabled

enabled

enabled

enabled

allowed

enabled

enabled

forbidden

disabled

allowed

enabled

enabled

allowed

allowed

disabled

allowed

forbidden

disabled

forbidden

enabled

disabled

forbidden

allowed

disabled

forbidden

forbidden

disabled

For multiple group polices that are set to reflect for any sync pair (SOURCE_ZONE, SOURCE_BUCKET), (DESTINATION_ZONE, DESTINATION_BUCKET), the following rules are applied in the following order:

  • Even if one sync policy is forbidden, the sync is disabled.
  • At least one policy should be enabled for the sync to be allowed.

Sync states in this group can override other groups.

A policy can be defined at the bucket level. A bucket level sync policy inherits the data flow of the zonegroup policy, and can only define a subset of what the zonegroup allows.

A wildcard zone, and a wildcard bucket parameter in the policy defines all relevant zones, or all relevant buckets. In the context of a bucket policy, it means the current bucket instance. A disaster recovery configuration where entire zones are mirrored does not require configuring anything on the buckets. However, for a fine grained bucket sync it would be better to configure the pipes to be synced by allowing (status=allowed) them at the zonegroup level (for example, by using wildcard). However, enable the specific sync at the bucket level (status=enabled) only. If needed, the policy at the bucket level can limit the data movement to specific relevant zones.

Important

Any changes to the zonegroup policy need to be applied on the zonegroup master zone, and require period update and commit. Changes to the bucket policy need to be applied on the zonegroup master zone. Ceph Object Gateway handles these changes dynamically.

S3 bucket replication API

The S3 bucket replication API is implemented, and allows users to create replication rules between different buckets. Note though that while the AWS replication feature allows bucket replication within the same zone, Ceph Object Gateway does not allow it at the moment. However, the Ceph Object Gateway API also added a Zone array that allows users to select to what zones the specific bucket will be synced.

5.7.2. Retrieving the current policy
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You can use the get command to retrieve the current zonegroup sync policy, or a specific bucket policy.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  • Retrieve the current zonegroup sync policy or bucket policy. To retrieve a specific bucket policy, use the --bucket option:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync policy get --bucket=BUCKET_NAME
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync policy get --bucket=mybucket
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.7.3. Creating a sync policy group
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You can create a sync policy group for the current zone group, or for a specific bucket.

When creating a sync policy for bucket granular replication for a sync policy group that has changed from forbidden to enabled, a manual update might be necessary to complete the sync process.

For example, if any data is written to bucket1 when its policy is forbidden, the data might not sync properly across zones after the policy is changed to enabled. To properly sync the changes, run the bucket sync run command on the sync policy. This step is also necessary if the bucket is resharded when the policy is forbidden. In this case the bucket sync run command must also be used after enabling the policy.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.
  • When creating for an archive zone, be sure that the archive zone is created before the sync policy group.

Procedure

  1. Create a sync policy group or a bucket policy. To create a bucket policy, use the --bucket option:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group create --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --status=enabled | allowed | forbidden
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --group-id=mygroup1 --status=enabled
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  2. Optional: Manually complete the sync process for bucket granular replication.

    Note

    This step is mandatory when using as part of an archive zone with bucket granular replication if the policy has data written or the bucket was resharded when the policy was forbidden.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin bucket sync run
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin bucket sync run
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.7.4. Modifying a sync policy group
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You can modify an existing sync policy group for the current zone group, or for a specific bucket.

When modifying a sync policy for bucket granular replication for a sync policy group that has changed from forbidden to enabled, a manual update might be necessary in order to complete the sync process.

For example, if any data is written to bucket1 when its policy is forbidden, the data might not sync properly across zones after the policy is changed to enabled. To properly sync the changes, run the bucket sync run command on the sync policy. This step is also necessary if the bucket is resharded when the policy is forbidden. In this case the bucket sync run command must also be used after enabling the policy.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.
  • When modifying for an archive zone, be sure that the archive zone is created before the sync policy group.

Procedure

  1. Modify the sync policy group or a bucket policy. To modify a bucket policy, use the --bucket option.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group modify --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --status=enabled | allowed | forbidden
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group modify --group-id=mygroup1 --status=forbidden
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  2. Optional: Manually complete the sync process for bucket granular replication.

    Note

    This step is mandatory when using as part of an archive zone with bucket granular replication if the policy has data written or the bucket was resharded when the policy was forbidden.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin bucket sync run
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin bucket sync run
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.7.5. Getting a sync policy group
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You can use the group get command to show the current sync policy group by group ID, or to show a specific bucket policy.

If the --bucket option is not provided, the groups created at zonegroup level is retrieved and not the groups at the bucket-level.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  • Show the current sync policy group or bucket policy. To show a specific bucket policy, use the --bucket option:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group get --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group get --group-id=mygroup
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.7.6. Removing a sync policy group
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You can use the group remove command to remove the current sync policy group by group ID, or to remove a specific bucket policy.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  • Remove the current sync policy group or bucket policy. To remove a specific bucket policy, use the --bucket option:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group remove --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group remove --group-id=mygroup
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.7.7. Creating a sync flow
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You can create two different types of flows for a sync policy group or for a specific bucket:

  • Directional sync flow
  • Symmetrical sync flow

The group flow create command creates a sync flow. If you issue the group flow create command for a sync policy group or bucket that already has a sync flow, the command overwrites the existing settings for the sync flow and applies the settings you specify.

Expand
OptionDescriptionRequired/Optional

--bucket

Name of the bucket to which the sync policy needs to be configured. Used only in bucket-level sync policy.

Optional

--group-id

ID of the sync group.

Required

--flow-id

ID of the flow.

Required

--flow-type

Types of flows for a sync policy group or for a specific bucket - directional or symmetrical.

Required

--source-zone

To specify the source zone from which sync should happen. Zone that send data to the sync group. Required if flow type of sync group is directional.

Optional

--dest-zone

To specify the destination zone to which sync should happen. Zone that receive data from the sync group. Required if flow type of sync group is directional.

Optional

--zones

Zones that part of the sync group. Zones mention will be both sender and receiver zone. Specify zones separated by ",". Required if flow type of sync group is symmetrical.

Optional

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  1. Create or update a directional sync flow. To create or update directional sync flow for a specific bucket, use the --bucket option.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group flow create --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --flow-id=FLOW_ID --flow-type=directional --source-zone=SOURCE_ZONE --dest-zone=DESTINATION_ZONE
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  2. Create or update a symmetrical sync flow. To specify multiple zones for a symmetrical flow type, use a comma-separated list for the --zones option.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group flow create --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --flow-id=FLOW_ID --flow-type=symmetrical --zones=ZONE_NAME1,ZONE_NAME2
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    zones are comma-separated lists of all zones that need to be added to the flow.

5.7.8. Removing sync flows and zones
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The group flow remove command removes sync flows or zones from a sync policy group or bucket.

For sync policy groups or buckets using directional flows, group flow remove command removes the flow. For sync policy groups or buckets using symmetrical flows, you can use the group flow remove command to remove specified zones from the flow, or to remove the flow.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  1. Remove a directional sync flow. To remove the directional sync flow for a specific bucket, use the --bucket option.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group flow remove --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --flow-id=FLOW_ID --flow-type=directional --source-zone=SOURCE_ZONE --dest-zone=DESTINATION_ZONE
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  2. Remove specific zones from a symmetrical sync flow. To remove multiple zones from a symmetrical flow, use a comma-separated list for the --zones option.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group flow remove --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --flow-id=FLOW_ID --flow-type=symmetrical --zones=ZONE_NAME1,ZONE_NAME2
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  3. Remove a symmetrical sync flow. To remove the sync flow at the zonegroup level, remove the --bucket option.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group flow remove --group-id=GROUP_ID --flow-id=FLOW_ID --flow-type=symmetrical --zones=ZONE_NAME1,ZONE_NAME2
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.7.9. Creating or modifying a sync group pipe
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As a storage administrator, you can define pipes to specify which buckets can use your configured data flows and the properties associated with those data flows.

The sync group pipe create command enables you to create pipes, which are custom sync group data flows between specific buckets or groups of buckets, or between specific zones or groups of zones.

This command uses the following options:

Expand
OptionDescriptionRequired/Optional

--bucket

Name of the bucket to which sync policy need to be configured. Used only in bucket-level sync policy.

Optional

--group-id

ID of the sync group

Required

--pipe-id

ID of the pipe

Required

--source-zones

Zones that send data to the sync group. Use single quotes (') for value. Use commas to separate multiple zones. Use the wildcard * for all zones that match the data flow rules.

Required

--source-bucket

Bucket or buckets that send data to the sync group. If bucket name is not mentioned, then * (wildcard) is taken as the default value. At bucket-level, source bucket will be the bucket for which the sync group created and at zonegroup-level, source bucket will be all buckets.

Optional

--source-bucket-id

ID of the source bucket.

Optional

--dest-zones

Zone or zones that receive the sync data. Use single quotes (') for value. Use commas to separate multiple zones. Use the wildcard * for all zones that match the data flow rules.

Required

--dest-bucket

Bucket or buckets that receive the sync data. If bucket name is not mentioned, then * (wildcard) is taken as the default value. At bucket-level, destination bucket will be the bucket for which the sync group is created and at zonegroup-level, destination bucket will be all buckets

Optional

--dest-bucket-id

ID of the destination bucket.

Optional

--prefix

Bucket prefix. Use the wildcard * to filter for source objects.

Optional

--prefix-rm

Do not use bucket prefix for filtering.

Optional

--tags-add

Comma-separated list of key=value pairs.

Optional

--tags-rm

Removes one or more key=value pairs of tags.

Optional

--dest-owner

Destination owner of the objects from source.

Optional

--storage-class

Destination storage class for the objects from source.

Optional

--mode

Use system for system mode or user for user mode.

Optional

--uid

Used for permissions validation in user mode. Specifies the user ID under which the sync operation will be issued.

Optional

Note

If you want to enable/disable sync for a specific bucket at a zonegroup level, set the zonegroup level sync policy to enable/disable and create a pipe for each bucket with --source-bucket and --dest-bucket with the same bucket name or with bucket-id, i.e, --source-bucket-id and --dest-bucket-id.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  • Create the sync group pipe. The create command is also used to update a command by creating the sync group pipe with only the relevant options.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID --source-zones='ZONE_NAME','ZONE_NAME2'... --source-bucket=SOURCE_BUCKET --source-bucket-id=SOURCE_BUCKET_ID --dest-zones='ZONE_NAME','ZONE_NAME2'... --dest-bucket=DESTINATION_BUCKET --dest-bucket-id=DESTINATION_BUCKET_ID --prefix=SOURCE_PREFIX --prefix-rm --tags-add=KEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2,.. --tags-rm=KEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2, ... --dest-owner=OWNER_ID --storage-class=STORAGE_CLASS --mode=USER --uid=USER_ID
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5.7.10. Modifying or deleting a sync group pipe
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As a storage administrator, you can use the sync group pipe modify command or sync group pipe remove command to modify the sync group pipe by removing certain options. You can also use sync group pipe remove command to remove zones, buckets, or the sync group pipe completely.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  • Modify the sync group pipe options with the modify argument.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe modify --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID --source-zones='ZONE_NAME','ZONE_NAME2'... --source-bucket=SOURCE_BUCKET1 --source-bucket-id=SOURCE_BUCKET_ID --dest-zones='ZONE_NAME','ZONE_NAME2'... --dest-bucket=DESTINATION_BUCKET1 --dest-bucket-id=_DESTINATION_BUCKET-ID
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Note

    Ensure to put the zones in single quotes ('). The source bucket does not need the quotes.

    Example

    [root@host01 ~]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe modify --group-id=zonegroup --pipe-id=pipe --dest-zones='primary','secondary','tertiary' --source-zones='primary','secondary','tertiary' --source-bucket=pri-bkt-1 --dest-bucket=pri-bkt-1
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  • Modify the sync group pipe options with the remove argument.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe remove --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID --source-zones='ZONE_NAME','ZONE_NAME2'... --source-bucket=SOURCE_BUCKET, --source-bucket-id=SOURCE_BUCKET_ID --dest-zones='ZONE_NAME','ZONE_NAME2'... --dest-bucket=DESTINATION_BUCKET --dest-bucket-id=DESTINATION_BUCKET-ID
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [root@host01 ~]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe remove --group-id=zonegroup --pipe-id=pipe --dest-zones='primary','secondary','tertiary' --source-zones='primary','secondary','tertiary' --source-bucket=pri-bkt-1 --dest-bucket=pri-bkt-1
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  • Delete a sync group pipe.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe remove --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [root@host01 ~]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe remove -bucket-name=mybuck --group-id=zonegroup --pipe-id=pipe
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.7.11. Obtaining information about sync operations
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The sync info command enables you to get information about the expected sync sources and targets, as defined by the sync policy.

When you create a sync policy for a bucket, that policy defines how data moves from that bucket toward a different bucket in a different zone. Creating the policy also creates a list of bucket dependencies that are used as hints whenever that bucket syncs with another bucket. Note that a bucket can refer to another bucket without actually syncing to it, since syncing depends on whether the data flow allows the sync to take place.

Both the --bucket and effective-zone-name parameters are optional. If you invoke the sync info command without specifying any options, the Object Gateway returns all of the sync operations defined by the sync policy in all zones.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • Root or sudo access.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.
  • A group sync policy is defined.

Procedure

  • Get information about sync operations for buckets:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync info --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --effective-zone-name=ZONE_NAME
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  • Get information about sync operations at the zonegroup level:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync info
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5.8. Using destination parameters
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There are 3 types of destination parameters:

  • Storage class
  • Destination owner translation
  • User mode

You can set the destination owner to force a specific destination owner for the objects. You can configure the destination storage class. If you select user mode, you can set only the destination bucket owner. You can set the user ID for the user mode to execute the sync operation for permissions validation.

5.8.1. Destination Params: Storage Class
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Configuring Storage class of the destination objects:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --bucket=buck10 \
                          --group-id=buck10-default --status=enabled

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=buck10 \
                          --group-id=buck10-default \
                          --pipe-id=pipe-storage-class \
                          --source-zones='*' --dest-zones=us-west-2 \
                          --storage-class=CHEAP_AND_SLOW
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5.8.2. Destination Params: Destination Owner Translation
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Setting the destination objects owner as the destination bucket owner. This requires specifying the uid of the destination bucket:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --bucket=buck11 \
                          --group-id=buck11-default --status=enabled

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=buck11 \
                          --group-id=buck11-default --pipe-id=pipe-dest-owner \
                          --source-zones='*' --dest-zones='*' \
                          --dest-bucket=buck12 --dest-owner=joe
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5.8.3. Destination Params: User Mode
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User mode makes sure that the user has permissions to both read the objects, and write to the destination bucket. This requires that the uid of the user (which in its context the operation executes) is specified.

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe modify --bucket=buck11 \
                          --group-id=buck11-default --pipe-id=pipe-dest-owner \
                          --mode=user --uid=jenny
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5.9. Bucket granular sync policies
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The following features are now supported:

  • Greenfield deployment: This release supports new multi-site deployments. To set up bucket granular sync replication, a new zonegroup/zone must be configured at a minimum.
  • Brownfield deployment: Migrate or upgrade Ceph Object Gateway multi-site replication configurations to the newly featured Ceph Object Gateway bucket granular sync policy replication.
Note

Ensure that all the nodes in the storage cluster are in the same schema during the upgrade.

  • Data flow - directional, symmetrical: Both unidirectional and bi-directional/symmetrical replication can be configured.
Important

In this release, the following features are not supported:

  • Source filters
  • Storage class
  • Destination owner translation
  • User mode

When the sync policy of bucket or zonegroup, moves from disabled to enabled state, the below behavioral changes are observed:

Normal scenario:

  • Zonegroup level: Data written when the sync policy is disabled catches up as soon as it’s enabled, with no additional steps.

  • Bucket level: Data written when the sync policy is disabled does not catch up when the policy is enabled. In this case, either one of the below two workarounds can be applied:

    • Writing new data to the bucket re-synchronizes the old data.
    • Executing bucket sync run command syncs all the old data.
Note

When you want to toggle from the sync policy to the legacy policy, you need to first run the sync init command followed by the radosgw-admin bucket sync run command to sync all the objects.

Reshard scenario:

  • Zonegroup level: Any reshard that happens when the policy is disabled, sync gets stuck after the policy is enabled again. New objects also do not sync at this point. Run the bucket sync run command as a workaround.
  • Bucket level: If any bucket is resharded when the policy is disabled, sync gets stuck after the policy is enabled again. New objects also do not sync at this point. Run the bucket sync run command as a workaround.
Note

When the policy is set to enabled for the zonegroup and the policy is set to enabled or allowed for the bucket, the pipe configuration takes effect from zonegroup level and not at the bucket level. This is a known issue BZ#2240719.

5.9.1. Setting bi-directional policy for zonegroups
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Zonegroup sync policies are created with the new sync policy engine. Any change to the zonegroup sync policy requires a period update and a commit.

In the below example, create a group policy and define a data flow for the movement of data from one zone to another. Configure a pipe for the zonegroups to define the buckets that can use this data flow. The system in the below examples include 3 zones: us-east (the master zone), us-west, and us-west-2.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  1. Create a new sync group with the status set to allowed.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --group-id=group1 --status=allowed
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Note

    Until a fully configured zonegroup replication policy is created, it is recommended to set the --status to allowed, to prevent the replication from starting.

  2. Create a flow policy for the newly created group with the --flow-type set as symmetrical to enable bi-directional replication.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group flow create --group-id=group1 \
                        --flow-id=flow-mirror --flow-type=symmetrical \
                        --zones=us-east,us-west
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  3. Create a new pipe called pipe.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --group-id=group1 \
                          --pipe-id=pipe1 --source-zones='*' \
                          --source-bucket='*' --dest-zones='*' \
                          --dest-bucket='*'
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Note

    Use the * wildcard for zones to include all zones set in the previous flow policy, and * for buckets to replicate all existing buckets in the zones.

  4. After configuring the bucket sync policy, set the --status to enabled.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group modify --group-id=group1 --status=enabled
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  5. Update and commit the new period.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Note

    Updating and committing the period is mandatory for a zonegroup policy.

  6. Optional: Check the sync source, and destination for a specific bucket. All buckets in zones us-east and us-west replicates bi-directionally.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync info -bucket buck
{
    "sources": [
        {
            "id": "pipe1",
            "source": {
                "zone": "us-east",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
            "dest": {
                "zone": "us-west",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
            ...
        }
    ],
    "dests": [
        {
            "id": "pipe1",
            "source": {
                "zone": "us-west",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
            "dest": {
                "zone": "us-east",
                "bucket": "buck:115b12b3-....4409.1"
            },
           ...
        }
    ],
    ...
}
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    The id field in the above output reflects the pipe rule that generated that entry. A single rule can generate multiple sync entries as seen in the below example.

5.9.2. Setting directional policy for zonegroups
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Set the policy for zone groups uni directionally with the sync policy engine.

In the following example, create a group policy and configure the data flow for the movement of data from one zone to another. Also, configure a pipe for the zonegroups to define the buckets that can use this data flow. The system in the following examples includes 3 zones: us-east (the primary zone), us-west (secondary zone), and us-west-2 (backup zone). Here, us-west-2 is a replica of us-west, but data is not replicated back from it.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  1. On the primary zone, create a new sync group with the status set to allowed.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group create --group-id=GROUP_ID --status=allowed
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --group-id=group1 --status=allowed
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    Note

    Until a fully configured zonegroup replication policy is created, it is recommended to set the --status to allowed, to prevent the replication from starting.

  2. Create the flow.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group flow create --group-id=GROUP_ID --flow-id=FLOW_ID --flow-type=directional --source-zone=SOURCE_ZONE_NAME --dest-zone=DESTINATION_ZONE_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group flow create --group-id=group1 --flow-id=us-west-backup --flow-type=directional --source-zone=us-west --dest-zone=us-west-2
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  3. Create the pipe.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID  --source-zones='SOURCE_ZONE_NAME' --dest-zones='DESTINATION_ZONE_NAME'
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --group-id=group1 --pipe-id=pipe1 --source-zones='us-west' --dest-zones='us-west-2'
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  4. Update and commit the new period.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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    Note

    Updating and committing the period is mandatory for a zonegroup policy.

  5. Verify source and destination of zonegroup using sync info in both the sites.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync info
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5.9.3. Setting directional policy for buckets
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Set the policy for buckets uni directionally with the sync policy engine.

In the following example, create a group policy and configure the data flow for the movement of data from one zone to another. Also, configure a pipe for the zonegroups to define the buckets that can use this data flow. The system in the following examples includes 3 zones: us-east (the primary zone), us-west (secondary zone), and us-west-2 (backup zone). Here, us-west-2 is a replica of us-west, but data is not replicated back from it.

The difference between setting the directional policy for zonegroups and buckets is that you need to specify the --bucket option.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  1. On the primary zone, create a new sync group with the status set to allowed.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group create --group-id=GROUP_ID --status=allowed --bucket=BUCKET_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --group-id=group1 --status=allowed --bucket=buck
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    Note

    Until a fully configured zonegroup replication policy is created, it is recommended to set the --status to allowed, to prevent the replication from starting.

  2. Create the flow.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group flow create --bucket-name=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --flow-id=FLOW_ID --flow-type=directional --source-zone=SOURCE_ZONE_NAME --dest-zone=DESTINATION_ZONE_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group flow create --bucket-name=buck --group-id=group1 --flow-id=us-west-backup --flow-type=directional --source-zone=us-west --dest-zone=us-west-2
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  3. Create the pipe.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --group-id=GROUP_ID --bucket-name=BUCKET_NAME --pipe-id=PIPE_ID  --source-zones='SOURCE_ZONE_NAME' --dest-zones='DESTINATION_ZONE_NAME'
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --group-id=group1 --bucket-name=buck --pipe-id=pipe1 --source-zones='us-west' --dest-zones='us-west-2'
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  4. Verify source and destination of zonegroup using sync info in both the sites.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync info --bucket-name=BUCKET_NAME
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5.9.4. Setting bi-directional policy for buckets
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The data flow for the bucket-level policy is inherited from the zonegroup policy. The data flow and pipes need not be changed for the bucket-level policy, as the bucket-level policy flow and pipes are only be a subset of the flow defined in the zonegroup policy.

Note
  • A bucket-level policy can enable pipes that are not enabled, except forbidden, at the zonegroup policy.
  • Bucket-level policies do not require period updates.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.
  • A sync flow is created.

Procedure

  1. Set the zonegroup policy --status to allowed to permit per-bucket replication.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group modify --group-id=group1 --status=allowed
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  2. Update the period after modifying the zonegroup policy.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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  3. Create a sync group for the bucket we want to synchronize to and set --status to enabled.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --bucket=buck \
                          --group-id=buck-default --status=enabled
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  4. Create a pipe for the group that was created in the previous step. The flow is inherited from the zonegroup level policy where data flow is symmetrical.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=buck \
                          --group-id=buck-default --pipe-id=pipe1 \
                          --source-zones='*' --dest-zones='*'
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    Note

    Use wildcards * to specify the source and destination zones for the bucket replication.

  5. Optional: To retrieve information about the expected bucket sync sources and targets, as defined by the sync policy, run the radosgw-admin bucket sync info command with the --bucket flag.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin bucket sync info --bucket buck
realm 33157555-f387-44fc-b4b4-3f9c0b32cd66 (india)
zonegroup 594f1f63-de6f-4e1e-90b6-105114d7ad55 (shared)
zone ffaa5ba4-c1bd-4c17-b176-2fe34004b4c5 (primary)
bucket :buck[ffaa5ba4-c1bd-4c17-b176-2fe34004b4c5.16191.1]

source zone e0e75beb-4e28-45ff-8d48-9710de06dcd0
bucket :buck[ffaa5ba4-c1bd-4c17-b176-2fe34004b4c5.16191.1]
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  6. Optional: To retrieve information about the expected sync sources and targets, as defined by the sync policy, run the radosgw-admin sync info command with the --bucket flag.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync info --bucket buck
{
    "id": "pipe1",
    "source": {
        "zone": "secondary",
        "bucket": "buck:ffaa5ba4-c1bd-4c17-b176-2fe34004b4c5.16191.1"
    },
    "dest": {
        "zone": "primary",
        "bucket": "buck:ffaa5ba4-c1bd-4c17-b176-2fe34004b4c5.16191.1"
    },
    "params": {
        "source": {
            "filter": {
                "tags": []
            }
        },
        "dest": {},
        "priority": 0,
        "mode": "system",
        "user": ""
    }
},
    {
    "id": "pipe1",
    "source": {
        "zone": "primary",
        "bucket": "buck:ffaa5ba4-c1bd-4c17-b176-2fe34004b4c5.16191.1"
    },
    "dest": {
        "zone": "secondary",
        "bucket": "buck:ffaa5ba4-c1bd-4c17-b176-2fe34004b4c5.16191.1"
    },
    "params": {
        "source": {
            "filter": {
                "tags": []
            }
        },
        "dest": {},
        "priority": 0,
        "mode": "system",
        "user": ""
    }
}
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5.9.5. Syncing between buckets
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You can sync data between the source and destination buckets across zones, but not within the same zone. Note that internally, data is still pulled from the source at the destination zone.

A wildcard bucket name means that the current bucket is in the context of the bucket sync policy.

There are two types of syncing between buckets:

  1. Syncing from a bucket - You need to specify the source bucket.
  2. Syncing to a bucket - You need to specify the destination bucket.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Syncing from a different bucket

  1. Create a sync group to pull data from a bucket of another zone.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group create  --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --status=enabled
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --bucket=buck4 --group-id=buck4-default --status=enabled
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  2. Pull data.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket-name=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID --source-zones=SOURCE_ZONE_NAME --source-bucket=SOURCE_BUCKET_NAME --dest-zones=DESTINATION_ZONE_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=buck4 \
                          --group-id=buck4-default --pipe-id=pipe1 \
                          --source-zones='*' --source-bucket=buck5 \
                          --dest-zones='*'
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    In this example, you can see that the source bucket is buck5.

  3. Optional: Sync from buckets in specific zones.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe modify --bucket=buck4 \
                          --group-id=buck4-default --pipe-id=pipe1 \
                          --source-zones=us-west --source-bucket=buck5 \
                          --dest-zones='*'
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  4. Check sync status.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync info --bucket-name=BUCKET_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync info --bucket=buck4
{
    "sources": [],
    "dests": [],
    "hints": {
        "sources": [],
        "dests": [
            "buck4:115b12b3-....14433.2"
        ]
    },
    "resolved-hints-1": {
        "sources": [],
        "dests": [
            {
                "id": "pipe1",
                "source": {
                    "zone": "us-west",
                    "bucket": "buck5"
                },
                "dest": {
                    "zone": "us-east",
                    "bucket": "buck4:115b12b3-....14433.2"
                },
                ...
            },
            {
                "id": "pipe1",
                "source": {
                    "zone": "us-west",
                    "bucket": "buck5"
                },
                "dest": {
                    "zone": "us-west-2",
                    "bucket": "buck4:115b12b3-....14433.2"
                },
                ...
            }
        ]
    },
    "resolved-hints": {
        "sources": [],
        "dests": []
    }
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    Note that there are resolved-hints, which means that the bucket buck5 found about buck4 syncing from it indirectly, and not from its own policy. The policy for buck5 itself is empty.

Syncing to a different bucket

  1. Create a sync group.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group create  --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --status=enabled
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --bucket=buck6 \
                          --group-id=buck6-default --status=enabled
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  2. Push data.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket-name=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID --source-zones=SOURCE_ZONE_NAME --dest-zones=DESTINATION_ZONE_NAME --dest-bucket=DESTINATION_BUCKET_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=buck6 \
                          --group-id=buck6-default --pipe-id=pipe1 \
                          --source-zones='*' --dest-zones='*' --dest-bucket=buck5
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    In this example, you can see that the destination bucket is buck5.

  3. Optional: Sync to buckets in specific zones.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe modify  --bucket=buck6 \
                          --group-id=buck6-default --pipe-id=pipe1 \
                          --source-zones='*' --dest-zones='us-west' --dest-bucket=buck5
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  4. Check sync status.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync info --bucket-name=BUCKET_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]#  radosgw-admin sync info --bucket buck5
{
  "sources": [],
  "dests": [
    {
      "id": "pipe1",
      "source": {
        "zone": "us-west",
        "bucket": "buck6:c7887c5b-f6ff-4d5f-9736-aa5cdb4a15e8.20493.4"
      },
      "dest": {
        "zone": "us-east",
        "bucket": "buck5"
      },
      "params": {
        "source": {
          "filter": {
            "tags": []
          }
        },
        "dest": {},
        "priority": 0,
        "mode": "system",
        "user": "s3cmd"
      }
    },
  ],
  "hints": {
    "sources": [],
    "dests": [
      "buck5"
    ]
  },
  "resolved-hints-1": {
    "sources": [],
    "dests": []
  },
  "resolved-hints": {
    "sources": [],
    "dests": []
  }
}
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5.9.6. Filtering objects
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Filter objects within the bucket with prefixes and tags. You can set object filter at zonegroup level policy as well. If the --bucket option is used, then it is set at bucket level for a bucket.

In the following example, sync from buck1 bucket from one zone is synced to buck1 bucket in another zone with the objects that start with the prefix foo/. Similarly, you can filter objects that have tags such as color=blue. Prefixes and tags can be combined, in which objects need to have both in the order to be synced. The priority parameter can also be passed, and it is used to determine when multiple different rules are there that are matches. This configuration determines that rules to be used.

Note
  1. If the tag in sync policy has more than one tags, while syncing objects, it sync objects that match at least one tag, the key value pair. Objects might not match all the tag sets.
  2. If the prefix and tag is set, then to sync the object to another zone, the objects must have prefix and any one tag should match. Only then, it syncs with each other.

Prerequisites

  • At least two running Red Hat Ceph Storage clusters.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.
  • Buckets are created.

Procedure

  1. Create a new sync group. If you want to create at the bucket level, use the --bucket option.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group create --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --status=enabled
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group create --bucket=buck1 --group-id=buck8-default --status=enabled
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  2. Sync between buckets where the object matches the tags. The flow is inherited from the zonegroup level policy where data flow is symmetrical.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID --tags-add=KEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2 --source-zones='ZONE_NAME1','ZONE_NAME2' --dest-zones='ZONE_NAME1','ZONE_NAME2'
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=buck1 \
                          --group-id=buck1-default --pipe-id=pipe-tags \
                          --tags-add=color=blue,color=red --source-zones='*' \
                          --dest-zones='*'
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  3. Sync between buckets where the object matches the prefix. The flow is inherited from the zonegroup level policy where data flow is symmetrical.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=BUCKET_NAME --group-id=GROUP_ID --pipe-id=PIPE_ID --prefix=PREFIX --source-zones='ZONE_NAME1','ZONE_NAME2' --dest-zones='ZONE_NAME1','ZONE_NAME2'
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group pipe create --bucket=buck1 \
                          --group-id=buck1-default --pipe-id=pipe-prefix \
                          --prefix=foo/ --source-zones='*' --dest-zones='*' \
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  4. Check the updated sync.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin sync info --bucket=BUCKET_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync info --bucket=buck1
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Note

    In the example, only two different destinations and no sources reflect, one each for configuration. When the sync process happens, it selects the relevant rule for each object it syncs.

5.9.7. Disabling policy between buckets
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You can disable the policy between buckets along with sync information with the forbidden or allowed state.

See the Multi-site sync policy group state for the different combinations that can used for zonegroup and bucket level sync policies.

In certain cases, to interrupt the replication between two buckets, you can set the group policy for the bucket to be forbidden. You can also disable policy at zonegroup level, if the sync that is set does not happen for any of the buckets.

Note

You can also create a sync policy in disabled state with allowed or forbidden state using the radosgw-admin sync group create command.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster.
  • The Ceph Object Gateway is installed.

Procedure

  1. Run the sync group modify command to change the status from allowed to forbidden.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync group modify --group-id  buck-default --status forbidden --bucket buck
{
    "groups": [
        {
            "id": "buck-default",
            "data_flow": {},
            "pipes": [
                {
                    "id": "pipe1",
                    "source": {
                        "bucket": "*",
                        "zones": [
                            "*"
                        ]
                    },
                    "dest": {
                        "bucket": "*",
                        "zones": [
                            "*"
                        ]
                    },
                    "params": {
                        "source": {
                            "filter": {
                                "tags": []
                            }
                        },
                        "dest": {},
                        "priority": 0,
                        "mode": "system",
                    }
                }
            ],
            "status": "forbidden"
        }
    ]
}
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    In this example, the replication of the bucket buck is interrupted between zones us-east and us-west.

    Note

    No update and commit for the period is required as this is a bucket sync policy.

  2. Optional: Run sync info command command to check the status of the sync for bucket buck.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin sync info --bucket buck
{
    "sources": [],
    "dests": [],
    "hints": {
        "sources": [],
        "dests": []
    },
    "resolved-hints-1": {
        "sources": [],
        "dests": []
    },
    "resolved-hints": {
        "sources": [],
        "dests": []
    }
}
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    Note

    There are no source and destination targets as the replication is interrupted.

5.10. Multi-site Ceph Object Gateway command line usage
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As a storage administrator, you can have a good understanding of how to use the Ceph Object Gateway in a multi-site environment. You can learn how to better manage the realms, zone groups, and zones in a multi-site environment.

Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage.
  • Deployment of the Ceph Object Gateway software.
  • Access to a Ceph Object Gateway node or container.

5.10.1. Realms
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A realm represents a globally unique namespace consisting of one or more zonegroups containing one or more zones, and zones containing buckets, which in turn contain objects. A realm enables the Ceph Object Gateway to support multiple namespaces and their configuration on the same hardware.

A realm contains the notion of periods. Each period represents the state of the zone group and zone configuration in time. Each time you make a change to a zonegroup or zone, update the period and commit it.

Red Hat recommends creating realms for new clusters.

5.10.1.1. Creating a realm
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To create a realm, use the realm create command and specify the realm name.

Procedure

  • Create a realm.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=test_realm
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    Important

    Do not use the realm with the --default flag if the data and metadata are stored in the default.rgw.data and default.rgw.index pools. If a new realm is set as the default and these pools contain important data, the radosgw-admin utility can fail to manage this data properly.

    Only use the --default flag if necessary to specify the realm as the default and if you do not need the existing data or metadata in the default.rgw pools. If the existing data or metadata is needed, either migrate the default configuration to a multi-site or realm setup or avoid setting the new realm as the default. For more information about migrating to a multi-site, see Migrating a single site system to multi-site. By specifying --default, the realm is called implicitly with each radosgw-admin call unless --rgw-realm and the realm name are explicitly provided.

  • Optional: Change the default realm.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm default --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm default --rgw-realm=test_realm1
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5.10.1.2. Making a Realm the Default
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One realm in the list of realms should be the default realm. There may be only one default realm. If there is only one realm and it wasn’t specified as the default realm when it was created, make it the default realm. Alternatively, to change which realm is the default, run the following command: 

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm default --rgw-realm=test_realm
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Note

When the realm is default, the command line assumes --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME as an argument.

5.10.1.3. Deleting a Realm
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To delete a realm, run the realm delete command and specify the realm name.

Syntax

radosgw-admin realm delete --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME
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Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm delete --rgw-realm=test_realm
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5.10.1.4. Getting a realm
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To get a realm, run the realm get command and specify the realm name.

Syntax

radosgw-admin realm get --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME
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Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm get --rgw-realm=test_realm >filename.json
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The CLI will echo a JSON object with the realm properties. 

{
    "id": "0a68d52e-a19c-4e8e-b012-a8f831cb3ebc",
    "name": "test_realm",
    "current_period": "b0c5bbef-4337-4edd-8184-5aeab2ec413b",
    "epoch": 1
}
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Use > and an output file name to output the JSON object to a file.

5.10.1.5. Setting a realm
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To set a realm, run the realm set command, specify the realm name, and --infile= with an input file name.

Syntax

radosgw-admin realm set --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME --infile=IN_FILENAME
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Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm set --rgw-realm=test_realm --infile=filename.json
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5.10.1.6. Listing realms
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To list realms, run the realm list command:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm list
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5.10.1.7. Listing Realm Periods
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To list realm periods, run the realm list-periods command.

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm list-periods
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5.10.1.8. Pulling a Realm
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To pull a realm from the node containing the master zone group and master zone to a node containing a secondary zone group or zone, run the realm pull command on the node that will receive the realm configuration.

Syntax

radosgw-admin realm pull --url=URL_TO_MASTER_ZONE_GATEWAY--access-key=ACCESS_KEY --secret=SECRET_KEY
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5.10.1.9. Renaming a Realm
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A realm is not part of the period. Consequently, renaming the realm is only applied locally, and will not get pulled with realm pull.

Important

When renaming a realm with multiple zones, run the command on each zone.

Procedure

  1. Rename the realm.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin realm rename --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME --realm-new-name=NEW_REALM_NAME
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    Note

    Do NOT use realm set to change the name parameter. That changes the internal name only. Specifying --rgw-realm would still use the old realm name.

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin realm rename --rgw-realm=test_realm --realm-new-name=test_realm2
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  2. Commit the changes.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin period update --commit
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.10.2. Zone Groups
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The Ceph Object Gateway supports multi-site deployments and a global namespace by using the notion of zone groups. Formerly called a region, a zone group defines the geographic location of one or more Ceph Object Gateway instances within one or more zones.

Configuring zone groups differs from typical configuration procedures, because not all of the settings end up in a Ceph configuration file. You can list zone groups, get a zone group configuration, and set a zone group configuration.

Note

The radosgw-admin zonegroup operations can be performed on any node within the realm, because the step of updating the period propagates the changes throughout the cluster. However, radosgw-admin zone operations MUST be performed on a host within the zone.

5.10.2.1. Creating a Zone Group
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Creating a zone group consists of specifying the zone group name. Creating a zone assumes it will live in the default realm unless --rgw-realm=REALM_NAME is specified. If the zonegroup is the master zonegroup, specify the --master flag.

Important

Do not create the zone group with the --default flag if the data and metadata are stored in the default.rgw.data and default.rgw.index pools. If a new zone group is set as the default and these pools contain important data, the radosgw-admin utility can fail to manage this data properly.

Only use the --default flag if necessary to specify the zone group as the default and if you do not need the existing data or metadata in the default.rgw pools. If the existing data or metadata is needed, either migrate the default configuration to a multi-site or zone group setup or avoid setting the new zone group as the default. For more information about migrating to a multi-site, see Migrating a single site system to multi-site. By specifying --default, the zone group is called implicitly with each radosgw-admin call unless --rgw-zonegroup and the zone group name are explicitly provided.

Procedure

  1. Create a zone group.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME [--rgw-realm=REALM_NAME] [--master]
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=zonegroup1 --rgw-realm=test_realm --default
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  2. Optional: Change a zone group setting.

    Syntax

    zonegroup modify --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup modify --rgw-zonegroup=zonegroup1
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  3. Optional: Change the default zone group.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup default --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup default --rgw-zonegroup=zonegroup2
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  4. Commit the change.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin period update --commit
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.10.2.2. Making a Zone Group the Default
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One zonegroup in the list of zonegroups should be the default zonegroup. There may be only one default zonegroup. If there is only one zonegroup and it wasn’t specified as the default zonegroup when it was created, make it the default zonegroup. Alternatively, to change which zonegroup is the default, run the following command:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup default --rgw-zonegroup=us
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Note

When the zonegroup is the default, the command line assumes --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME as an argument.

Then, update the period: 

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.2.3. Adding a Zone to a Zone Group
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To add a zone to a zonegroup, you MUST run this command on a host that will be in the zone. To add a zone to a zonegroup, run the following command:

Syntax

radosgw-admin zonegroup add --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME
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Then, update the period:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.2.4. Removing a Zone from a Zone Group
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To remove a zone from a zonegroup, run the following command:

Syntax

radosgw-admin zonegroup remove --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME
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Then, update the period:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.2.5. Renaming a Zone Group
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To rename a zonegroup, run the following command:

Syntax

radosgw-admin zonegroup rename --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME --zonegroup-new-name=NEW_ZONE_GROUP_NAME
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Then, update the period:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.2.6. Deleting a Zone group
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To delete a zonegroup, run the following command:

Syntax

radosgw-admin zonegroup delete --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME
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Then, update the period:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.2.7. Listing Zone Groups
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A Ceph cluster contains a list of zone groups. To list the zone groups, run the following command: 

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup list
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The radosgw-admin returns a JSON formatted list of zone groups. 

{
    "default_info": "90b28698-e7c3-462c-a42d-4aa780d24eda",
    "zonegroups": [
        "us"
    ]
}
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5.10.2.8. Getting a Zone Group
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To view the configuration of a zone group, run the following command:

Syntax

radosgw-admin zonegroup get [--rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME]
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The zone group configuration looks like this: 

{
    "id": "90b28698-e7c3-462c-a42d-4aa780d24eda",
    "name": "us",
    "api_name": "us",
    "is_master": "true",
    "endpoints": [
        "http:\/\/rgw1:80"
    ],
    "hostnames": [],
    "hostnames_s3website": [],
    "master_zone": "9248cab2-afe7-43d8-a661-a40bf316665e",
    "zones": [
        {
            "id": "9248cab2-afe7-43d8-a661-a40bf316665e",
            "name": "us-east",
            "endpoints": [
                "http:\/\/rgw1"
            ],
            "log_meta": "true",
            "log_data": "true",
            "bucket_index_max_shards": 11,
            "read_only": "false"
        },
        {
            "id": "d1024e59-7d28-49d1-8222-af101965a939",
            "name": "us-west",
            "endpoints": [
                "http:\/\/rgw2:80"
            ],
            "log_meta": "false",
            "log_data": "true",
            "bucket_index_max_shards": 11,
            "read_only": "false"
        }
    ],
    "placement_targets": [
        {
            "name": "default-placement",
            "tags": []
        }
    ],
    "default_placement": "default-placement",
    "realm_id": "ae031368-8715-4e27-9a99-0c9468852cfe"
}
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5.10.2.9. Setting a Zone Group
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Defining a zone group consists of creating a JSON object, specifying at least the required settings:

  1. name: The name of the zone group. Required.
  2. api_name: The API name for the zone group. Optional.

  3. is_master: Determines if the zone group is the master zone group. Required.

    Note: You can only have one master zone group.

  4. endpoints: A list of all the endpoints in the zone group. For example, you may use multiple domain names to refer to the same zone group. Remember to escape the forward slashes (\/). You may also specify a port (fqdn:port) for each endpoint. Optional.
  5. hostnames: A list of all the hostnames in the zone group. For example, you may use multiple domain names to refer to the same zone group. Optional. The rgw dns name setting will automatically be included in this list. You should restart the gateway daemon(s) after changing this setting.

  6. master_zone: The master zone for the zone group. Optional. Uses the default zone if not specified.

    Note

    You can only have one master zone per zone group.

  7. zones: A list of all zones within the zone group. Each zone has a name (required), a list of endpoints (optional), and whether or not the gateway will log metadata and data operations (false by default).
  8. placement_targets: A list of placement targets (optional). Each placement target contains a name (required) for the placement target and a list of tags (optional) so that only users with the tag can use the placement target (i.e., the user’s placement_tags field in the user info).
  9. default_placement: The default placement target for the object index and object data. Set to default-placement by default. You may also set a per-user default placement in the user info for each user.

To set a zone group, create a JSON object consisting of the required fields, save the object to a file, for example, zonegroup.json; then, run the following command:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup set --infile zonegroup.json
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Where zonegroup.json is the JSON file you created.

Important

The default zone group is_master setting is true by default. If you create a new zone group and want to make it the master zone group, you must either set the default zone group is_master setting to false, or delete the default zone group.

Finally, update the period:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.2.10. Setting a Zone Group Map
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Setting a zone group map consists of creating a JSON object consisting of one or more zone groups, and setting the master_zonegroup for the cluster. Each zone group in the zone group map consists of a key/value pair, where the key setting is equivalent to the name setting for an individual zone group configuration, and the val is a JSON object consisting of an individual zone group configuration.

You may only have one zone group with is_master equal to true, and it must be specified as the master_zonegroup at the end of the zone group map. The following JSON object is an example of a default zone group map. 

{
    "zonegroups": [
        {
            "key": "90b28698-e7c3-462c-a42d-4aa780d24eda",
            "val": {
                "id": "90b28698-e7c3-462c-a42d-4aa780d24eda",
                "name": "us",
                "api_name": "us",
                "is_master": "true",
                "endpoints": [
                    "http:\/\/rgw1:80"
                ],
                "hostnames": [],
                "hostnames_s3website": [],
                "master_zone": "9248cab2-afe7-43d8-a661-a40bf316665e",
                "zones": [
                    {
                        "id": "9248cab2-afe7-43d8-a661-a40bf316665e",
                        "name": "us-east",
                        "endpoints": [
                            "http:\/\/rgw1"
                        ],
                        "log_meta": "true",
                        "log_data": "true",
                        "bucket_index_max_shards": 11,
                        "read_only": "false"
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "d1024e59-7d28-49d1-8222-af101965a939",
                        "name": "us-west",
                        "endpoints": [
                            "http:\/\/rgw2:80"
                        ],
                        "log_meta": "false",
                        "log_data": "true",
                        "bucket_index_max_shards": 11,
                        "read_only": "false"
                    }
                ],
                "placement_targets": [
                    {
                        "name": "default-placement",
                        "tags": []
                    }
                ],
                "default_placement": "default-placement",
                "realm_id": "ae031368-8715-4e27-9a99-0c9468852cfe"
            }
        }
    ],
    "master_zonegroup": "90b28698-e7c3-462c-a42d-4aa780d24eda",
    "bucket_quota": {
        "enabled": false,
        "max_size_kb": -1,
        "max_objects": -1
    },
    "user_quota": {
        "enabled": false,
        "max_size_kb": -1,
        "max_objects": -1
    }
}
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To set a zone group map, run the following command:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zonegroup-map set --infile zonegroupmap.json
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Where zonegroupmap.json is the JSON file you created. Ensure that you have zones created for the ones specified in the zone group map. Finally, update the period.

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]#  radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.3. Zones
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Ceph Object Gateway supports the notion of zones. A zone defines a logical group consisting of one or more Ceph Object Gateway instances.

Configuring zones differs from typical configuration procedures, because not all of the settings end up in a Ceph configuration file. You can list zones, get a zone configuration, and set a zone configuration.

Important

All radosgw-admin zone operations MUST be issued on a host that operates or will operate within the zone.

5.10.3.1. Creating a Zone
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To create a zone, specify a zone name. If it is a master zone, specify the --master option. Only one zone in a zone group can be a master zone. To add the zone to a zonegroup, specify the --rgw-zonegroup option with the zonegroup name.

Important

Zones must be created on a Ceph Object Gateway node that will be within the zone.

Important

Do not create the zone with the --default flag if the data and metadata are stored in the default.rgw.data and default.rgw.index pools. If a new zone is set as the default and these pools contain important data, the radosgw-admin utility can fail to manage this data properly.

Only use the --default flag if necessary to specify the zone as the default and if you do not need the existing data or metadata in the default.rgw pools. If the existing data or metadata is needed, either migrate the default configuration to a multi-site or zone setup or avoid setting the new zone as the default. For more information about migrating to a multi-site, see Migrating a single site system to multi-site. By specifying --default, the zone is called implicitly with each radosgw-admin call unless --rgw-zone and the zone name are explicitly provided.

Procedure

  1. Create the zone.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME \
                [--zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME]\
                [--endpoints=ENDPOINT_PORT [,<endpoint:port>] \
                [--master] [--default] \
                --access-key ACCESS_KEY --secret SECRET_KEY
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  2. Commit the change.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin period update --commit
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    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

5.10.3.2. Deleting a zone
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To delete a zone, first remove it from the zonegroup.

Procedure

  1. Remove the zone from the zonegroup:

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zonegroup remove --rgw-zonegroup=ZONE_GROUP_NAME\
                                 --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME
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  2. Update the period:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

  3. Delete the zone:

    Important

    This procedure MUST be used on a host within the zone.

    Syntax

    radosgw-admin zone delete --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME
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  4. Update the period:

    Example

    [ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    Important

    Do not delete a zone without removing it from a zone group first. Otherwise, updating the period will fail.

If the pools for the deleted zone will not be used anywhere else, consider deleting the pools. Replace DELETED_ZONE_NAME in the example below with the deleted zone’s name.

Important

Once Ceph deletes the zone pools, it deletes all of the data within them in an unrecoverable manner. Only delete the zone pools if Ceph clients no longer need the pool contents.

Important

In a multi-realm cluster, deleting the .rgw.root pool along with the zone pools will remove ALL the realm information for the cluster. Ensure that .rgw.root does not contain other active realms before deleting the .rgw.root pool.

Syntax

ceph osd pool delete DELETED_ZONE_NAME.rgw.control DELETED_ZONE_NAME.rgw.control --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
ceph osd pool delete DELETED_ZONE_NAME.rgw.data.root DELETED_ZONE_NAME.rgw.data.root --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
ceph osd pool delete DELETED_ZONE_NAME.rgw.log DELETED_ZONE_NAME.rgw.log --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
ceph osd pool delete DELETED_ZONE_NAME.rgw.users.uid DELETED_ZONE_NAME.rgw.users.uid --yes-i-really-really-mean-it
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Important

After deleting the pools, restart the RGW process.

5.10.3.3. Modifying a Zone
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To modify a zone, specify the zone name and the parameters you wish to modify.

Important

Zones should be modified on a Ceph Object Gateway node that will be within the zone.

Syntax

radosgw-admin zone modify [options]

--access-key=<key>
--secret/--secret-key=<key>
--master
--default
--endpoints=<list>
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Then, update the period:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.3.4. Listing Zones
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As root, to list the zones in a cluster, run the following command:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zone list
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5.10.3.5. Getting a Zone
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As root, to get the configuration of a zone, run the following command:

Syntax

radosgw-admin zone get [--rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME]
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The default zone looks like this: 

{ "domain_root": ".rgw",
  "control_pool": ".rgw.control",
  "gc_pool": ".rgw.gc",
  "log_pool": ".log",
  "intent_log_pool": ".intent-log",
  "usage_log_pool": ".usage",
  "user_keys_pool": ".users",
  "user_email_pool": ".users.email",
  "user_swift_pool": ".users.swift",
  "user_uid_pool": ".users.uid",
  "system_key": { "access_key": "", "secret_key": ""},
  "placement_pools": [
      {  "key": "default-placement",
         "val": { "index_pool": ".rgw.buckets.index",
                  "data_pool": ".rgw.buckets"}
      }
    ]
  }
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5.10.3.6. Setting a Zone
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Configuring a zone involves specifying a series of Ceph Object Gateway pools. For consistency, we recommend using a pool prefix that is the same as the zone name. See the Pools chapter in the Red Hat Ceph Storage Storage Strategies Guide for details on configuring pools.

Important

Zones should be set on a Ceph Object Gateway node that will be within the zone.

To set a zone, create a JSON object consisting of the pools, save the object to a file, for example, zone.json; then, run the following command, replacing ZONE_NAME with the name of the zone:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin zone set --rgw-zone=test-zone --infile zone.json
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Where zone.json is the JSON file you created.

Then, as root, update the period:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
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5.10.3.7. Renaming a Zone
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To rename a zone, specify the zone name and the new zone name. Issue the following command on a host within the zone:

Syntax

radosgw-admin zone rename --rgw-zone=ZONE_NAME --zone-new-name=NEW_ZONE_NAME
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Then, update the period:

Example

[ceph: root@host01 /]# radosgw-admin period update --commit
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

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