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Chapter 4. Starting virtual machines

To start a virtual machine (VM) in RHEL 10, you can use the command-line interface or the web console GUI.

4.1. Starting a virtual machine by using the command line
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To start a shut-down virtual machine (VM) or restore a saved VM, you can use the command-line interface (CLI). By using the CLI, you can start both local and remote VMs.

Prerequisites

  • You have created a VM and installed a guest operating system. For details, see Creating virtual machines.
  • The VM is defined and inactive.
  • You know the name of the VM.

  • For remote VMs:

    • You have the IP address of the host where the VM is located.
    • You have root access privileges to the host.
  • If the VM uses a system connection of libvirt, you have root privileges or belong to the libvirt user group on the host. For details, see User-space connection types for virtualization.

Procedure

  • For a local VM, use the virsh start utility.

    For example, the following command starts the demo-guest1 VM. 

    # virsh start demo-guest1
Domain 'demo-guest1' started

  • For a VM located on a remote host, use the virsh start utility along with the QEMU+SSH connection to the host.

    For example, the following command starts the demo-guest1 VM on the 192.0.2.1 host. 

    # virsh -c qemu+ssh://root@192.0.2.1/system start demo-guest1

root@192.0.2.1's password:

Domain 'demo-guest1' started

4.2. Starting virtual machines by using the web console
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If a virtual machine (VM) is in the shut off state, you can start it by using the RHEL 10 web console. You can also configure the VM to be started automatically when the host starts.

Prerequisites

Procedure

  1. In the Virtual Machines interface, click the VM you want to start.

    A new page opens with detailed information about the selected VM and controls for shutting down and deleting the VM.

  2. Click Run.

    The VM starts, and you can connect to its console or graphical output.

  3. Optional: To configure the VM to start automatically when the host starts, toggle the Autostart checkbox in the Overview section.

    If you use network interfaces that are not managed by libvirt, you must also make additional changes to the systemd configuration. Otherwise, the affected VMs might fail to start, see starting virtual machines automatically when the host starts.

4.3. Starting virtual machines automatically when the host starts
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When a host with a running virtual machine (VM) restarts, the VM is shut down, and must be started again manually by default. To ensure a VM is active whenever its host is running, you can configure the VM to be started automatically.

Note

The following instructions describe setting up VM autostart in the command line. For autostarting VMs in the web console, see Starting virtual machines by using the web console.

Prerequisites

  • You have created a virtual machine (VM) and installed a guest operating system. For details, see Creating virtual machines.

Procedure

  1. Use the virsh autostart utility to configure the VM to start automatically when the host starts.

    For example, the following command configures the demo-guest1 VM to start automatically. 

    # virsh autostart demo-guest1

    Successful output: 

    Domain '_demo-guest1_' marked as autostarted

  2. If you use network interfaces that are not managed by libvirt, you must also make additional changes to the systemd configuration. Otherwise, the affected VMs might fail to start.

    Note

    These interfaces include for example:

    • Bridge devices created by NetworkManager
    • Networks configured to use <forward mode='bridge'/>

    1. In the systemd configuration directory tree, create a virtqemud.service.d directory if it does not exist yet. 

      # mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/virtqemud.service.d/

    2. Create a 10-network-online.conf systemd unit override file in the previously created directory. The content of this file overrides the default systemd configuration for the virtqemud service. 

      # touch /etc/systemd/system/virtqemud.service.d/10-network-online.conf

    3. Add the following lines to the 10-network-online.conf file. This configuration change ensures systemd starts the virtqemud service only after the network on the host is ready. 

      [Unit]
After=network-online.target

Verification

  1. View the VM configuration, and check that the autostart option is enabled.

    For example, the following command displays basic information about the demo-guest1 VM, including the autostart option. 

    # virsh dominfo demo-guest1

    Example successful output: 

Id:             2
Name:           demo-guest1
UUID:           e46bc81c-74e2-406e-bd7a-67042bae80d1
OS Type:        hvm
State:          running
CPU(s):         2
CPU time:       385.9s
Max memory:     4194304 KiB
Used memory:    4194304 KiB
Persistent:     yes
Autostart:      enable
Managed save:   no
Security model: selinux
Security DOI:   0
Security label: system_u:system_r:svirt_t:s0:c873,c919 (enforcing)

  1. If you use network interfaces that are not managed by libvirt, check if the content of the 10-network-online.conf file is set correctly. 

    $ cat /etc/systemd/system/virtqemud.service.d/10-network-online.conf

    Successful output: 

    [Unit]
After=network-online.target
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