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Chapter 1. Overview of authentication and authorization
1.1. About authentication in OpenShift Container Platform
To control access to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, a cluster administrator can configure user authentication and ensure only approved users access the cluster.
To interact with an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, users must first authenticate to the OpenShift Container Platform API in some way. You can authenticate by providing an OAuth access token or an X.509 client certificate in your requests to the OpenShift Container Platform API.
If you do not present a valid access token or certificate, your request is unauthenticated and you receive an HTTP 401 error.
An administrator can configure authentication through the following tasks:
- Configuring an identity provider: You can define any supported identity provider in OpenShift Container Platform and add it to your cluster.
Configuring the internal OAuth server: The OpenShift Container Platform control plane includes a built-in OAuth server that determines the user’s identity from the configured identity provider and creates an access token. You can configure the token duration and inactivity timeout.
NoteUsers can view and manage OAuth tokens owned by them.
Registering an OAuth client: OpenShift Container Platform includes several default OAuth clients. You can register and configure additional OAuth clients.
NoteWhen users send a request for an OAuth token, they must specify either a default or custom OAuth client that receives and uses the token.
- Managing cloud provider credentials using the Cloud Credentials Operator: Cluster components use cloud provider credentials to get permissions required to perform cluster-related tasks.
- Impersonating a system admin user: You can grant cluster administrator permissions to a user by impersonating a system admin user.
1.2. About authorization in OpenShift Container Platform
Authorization involves determining whether the identified user has permissions to perform the requested action.
Administrators can define permissions and assign them to users using the RBAC objects, such as rules, roles, and bindings. To understand how authorization works in OpenShift Container Platform, see Evaluating authorization.
You can also control access to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster through projects and namespaces.
Along with controlling user access to a cluster, you can also control the actions a pod can perform and the resources it can access using security context constraints (SCCs).
You can manage authorization for OpenShift Container Platform through the following tasks:
- Viewing local and cluster roles and bindings.
- Creating a local role and assigning it to a user or group.
- Creating a cluster role and assigning it to a user or group: OpenShift Container Platform includes a set of default cluster roles. You can create additional cluster roles and add them to a user or group.
Creating a cluster-admin user: By default, your cluster has only one cluster administrator called
kubeadmin. You can create another cluster administrator. Before creating a cluster administrator, ensure that you have configured an identity provider.NoteAfter creating the cluster admin user, delete the existing kubeadmin user to improve cluster security.
- Creating service accounts: Service accounts provide a flexible way to control API access without sharing a regular user’s credentials. A user can create and use a service account in applications and also as an OAuth client.
- Scoping tokens: A scoped token is a token that identifies as a specific user who can perform only specific operations. You can create scoped tokens to delegate some of your permissions to another user or a service account.
- Syncing LDAP groups: You can manage user groups in one place by syncing the groups stored in an LDAP server with the OpenShift Container Platform user groups.
