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Chapter 3. Developing JAX-WS Web Services

The Java API for XML-Based Web Services (JAX-WS) defines the mapping between WSDL and Java, as well as the classes to be used for accessing web services and publishing them. JBossWS implements the latest JAX-WS specification, which users can reference for any vendor-agnostic web service usage need.

3.1. Using JAX-WS Tools
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The following JAX-WS command-line tools are included with the JBoss EAP distribution. These tools can be used in a variety of ways for server and client-side development.

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Table 3.1. JAX-WS Command-Line Tools
CommandDescription

wsprovide

Generates JAX-WS portable artifacts, and provides the abstract contract. Used for bottom-up development.

wsconsume

Consumes the abstract contract (WSDL and Schema files), and produces artifacts for both a server and client. Used for top-down and client development.

See JAX-WS Tools for more details on the usage of these tools.

3.1.1. Server-side Development Strategies
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When developing a web service endpoint on the server side, you have the option of starting from Java code, known as bottom-up development, or from the WSDL that defines your service, known as top-down development. If this is a new service, meaning that there is no existing contract, then the bottom-up approach is the fastest route; you only need to add a few annotations to your classes to get a service up and running. However, if you are developing a service with a contract already defined, it is far simpler to use the top-down approach, since the tool can generate the annotated code for you.

Bottom-up use cases:

  • Exposing an already existing EJB3 bean as a web service.
  • Providing a new service, and you want the contract to be generated for you.

Top-down use cases:

  • Replacing the implementation of an existing web service, and you can not break compatibility with older clients.
  • Exposing a service that conforms to a contract specified by a third party, for example, a vendor that calls you back using an already defined protocol.
  • Creating a service that adheres to the XML Schema and WSDL you developed by hand up front.
Bottom-Up Strategy Using wsprovide

The bottom-up strategy involves developing the Java code for your service, and then annotating it using JAX-WS annotations. These annotations can be used to customize the contract that is generated for your service. For example, you can change the operation name to map to anything you like. However, all of the annotations have sensible defaults, so only the @WebService annotation is required.

This can be as simple as creating a single class: 

package echo;

@javax.jws.WebService
public class Echo {

   public String echo(String input) {
      return input;
   }
}
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A deployment can be built using this class, and it is the only Java code needed to deploy on JBossWS. The WSDL, and all other Java artifacts called wrapper classes will be generated for you at deploy time.

The primary purpose of the wsprovide tool is to generate portable JAX-WS artifacts. Additionally, it can be used to provide the WSDL file for your service. This can be obtained by invoking wsprovide using the -w option: 

$ javac -d . Echo.java
$ EAP_HOME/bin/wsprovide.sh --classpath=. -w echo.Echo
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Inspecting the WSDL reveals a service named EchoService: 

<wsdl:service name="EchoService">
  <wsdl:port name="EchoPort" binding="tns:EchoServiceSoapBinding">
    <soap:address location="http://localhost:9090/EchoPort"/>
  </wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>
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As expected, this service defines an operation, echo: 

<wsdl:portType name="Echo">
  <wsdl:operation name="echo">
    <wsdl:input name="echo" message="tns:echo">
    </wsdl:input>
    <wsdl:output name="echoResponse" message="tns:echoResponse">
    </wsdl:output>
  </wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>
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When deploying you do not need to run this tool. You only need it for generating portable artifacts or the abstract contract for your service.

A POJO endpoint for the deployment can be created in a simple web.xml file: 

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
  version="2.4">

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Echo</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>echo.Echo</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Echo</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Echo</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
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The web.xml and the single Java class can now be used to create a WAR: 

$ mkdir -p WEB-INF/classes
$ cp -rp echo WEB-INF/classes/
$ cp web.xml WEB-INF
$ jar cvf echo.war WEB-INF
added manifest
adding: WEB-INF/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: WEB-INF/classes/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: WEB-INF/classes/echo/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: WEB-INF/classes/echo/Echo.class(in = 340) (out= 247)(deflated 27%)
adding: WEB-INF/web.xml(in = 576) (out= 271)(deflated 52%)
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The WAR can then be deployed to JBoss EAP. This will internally invoke wsprovide, which will generate the WSDL. If the deployment was successful, and you are using the default settings, it should be available in the management console.

Note

For a portable JAX-WS deployment, the wrapper classes generated earlier could be added to the deployment.

Top-Down Strategy Using wsconsume

The top-down development strategy begins with the abstract contract for the service, which includes the WSDL file and zero or more schema files. The wsconsume tool is then used to consume this contract, and produce annotated Java classes (and optionally sources) that define it.

Note

wsconsume might have problems with symlinks on Unix systems.

Using the WSDL file from the bottom-up example, a new Java implementation that adheres to this service can be generated. The -k option is passed to wsconsume to preserve the Java source files that are generated, instead of providing just Java classes: 

$ EAP_HOME/bin/wsconsume.sh -k EchoService.wsdl
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The following table shows the purpose of each generated file:

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Table 3.2. Generated Files
FilePurpose

Echo.java

Service Endpoint Interface

EchoResponse.java

Wrapper bean for response message

EchoService.java

Used only by JAX-WS clients

Echo_Type.java

Wrapper bean for request message

ObjectFactory.java

JAXB XML Registry

package-info.java

Holder for JAXB package annotations

Examining the service endpoint interface reveals annotations that are more explicit than in the class written by hand in the bottom-up example, however, these evaluate to the same contract. 

@WebService(targetNamespace = "http://echo/", name = "Echo")
@XmlSeeAlso({ObjectFactory.class})
public interface Echo {

    @WebMethod
    @RequestWrapper(localName = "echo", targetNamespace = "http://echo/", className = "echo.Echo_Type")
    @ResponseWrapper(localName = "echoResponse", targetNamespace = "http://echo/", className = "echo.EchoResponse")
    @WebResult(name = "return", targetNamespace = "")
    public java.lang.String echo(
        @WebParam(name = "arg0", targetNamespace = "")
        java.lang.String arg0
    );
}
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The only missing piece, other than for packaging, is the implementation class, which can now be written using the above interface. 

package echo;

@javax.jws.WebService(endpointInterface="echo.Echo")
public class EchoImpl implements Echo {
   public String echo(String arg0) {
      return arg0;
   }
}
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3.1.2. Client-side Development Strategies
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Before going in to detail on the client side, it is important to understand the decoupling concept that is central to web services. Web services are not the best fit for internal RPC, even though they can be used in this way. There are much better technologies for this, such as CORBA and RMI. Web services were designed specifically for interoperable coarse-grained correspondence. There is no expectation or guarantee that any party participating in a web service interaction will be at any particular location, running on any particular operating system, or written in any particular programming language. So because of this, it is important to clearly separate client and server implementations. The only thing they should have in common is the abstract contract definition. If, for whatever reason, your software does not adhere to this principal, then you should not be using web services. For the above reasons, the recommended methodology for developing a client is to follow the top-down approach, even if the client is running on the same server.

Top-Down Strategy Using wsconsume

This section repeats the process of the server-side top-down section, however, it uses a deployed WSDL. This is to retrieve the correct value for soap:address, shown below, which is computed at deploy time. This value can be edited manually in the WSDL if necessary, but you must take care to provide the correct path.

Example soap:address in a Deployed WSDL

<wsdl:service name="EchoService">
  <wsdl:port name="EchoPort" binding="tns:EchoServiceSoapBinding">
    <soap:address location="http://localhost.localdomain:8080/echo/Echo"/>
  </wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>
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Use wsconsume to generate Java classes for the deployed WSDL. 

$ EAP_HOME/bin/wsconsume.sh -k http://localhost:8080/echo/Echo?wsdl
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Notice how the EchoService.java class stores the location from which the WSDL was obtained. 

@WebServiceClient(name = "EchoService",
                  wsdlLocation = "http://localhost:8080/echo/Echo?wsdl",
                  targetNamespace = "http://echo/")
public class EchoService extends Service {

    public final static URL WSDL_LOCATION;

    public final static QName SERVICE = new QName("http://echo/", "EchoService");
    public final static QName EchoPort = new QName("http://echo/", "EchoPort");

    ...

    @WebEndpoint(name = "EchoPort")
    public Echo getEchoPort() {
        return super.getPort(EchoPort, Echo.class);
    }

    @WebEndpoint(name = "EchoPort")
    public Echo getEchoPort(WebServiceFeature... features) {
        return super.getPort(EchoPort, Echo.class, features);
    }
}
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As you can see, this generated class extends the main client entry point in JAX-WS, javax.xml.ws.Service. While you can use Service directly, this is far simpler since it provides the configuration information for you. Note the getEchoPort() method, which returns an instance of our service endpoint interface. Any web service operation can then be called by just invoking a method on the returned interface.

Important

Do not refer to a remote WSDL URL in a production application. This causes network I/O every time you instantiate the Service object. Instead, use the tool on a saved local copy, or use the URL version of the constructor to provide a new WSDL location.

Write and compile the client: 

import echo.*;

public class EchoClient {

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      if (args.length != 1) {
          System.err.println("usage: EchoClient <message>");
          System.exit(1);
      }

      EchoService service = new EchoService();
      Echo echo = service.getEchoPort();
      System.out.println("Server said: " + echo.echo(args0));
   }
}
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You can change the endpoint address of your operation at runtime, by setting the ENDPOINT_ADDRESS_PROPERTY as shown below: 

EchoService service = new EchoService();
Echo echo = service.getEchoPort();

/* Set NEW Endpoint Location */
String endpointURL = "http://NEW_ENDPOINT_URL";
BindingProvider bp = (BindingProvider)echo;
bp.getRequestContext().put(BindingProvider.ENDPOINT_ADDRESS_PROPERTY, endpointURL);

System.out.println("Server said: " + echo.echo(args0));
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3.2. JAX-WS Web Service Endpoints
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3.2.1. About JAX-WS Web Service Endpoints
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A JAX-WS web service endpoint is the server component of a web service. Clients and other web services communicate with it over the HTTP protocol using an XML language called Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The endpoint itself is deployed into the JBoss EAP container.

WSDL descriptors can be created in one of the following two ways:

  • Writing WSDL descriptors manually.
  • Using JAX-WS annotations that create the WSDL descriptors automatically. This is the most common method for creating WSDL descriptors.

An endpoint implementation bean is annotated with JAX-WS annotations and deployed to the server. The server automatically generates and publishes the abstract contract in WSDL format for client consumption. All marshalling and unmarshalling is delegated to the Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) service.

The endpoint itself may be a Plain Old Java Object (POJO) or a Java EE web application. You can also expose endpoints using an EJB3 stateless session bean. It is packaged into a web archive (WAR) file. The specification for packaging the endpoint, called a Java Service Endpoint (JSE) is defined in JSR-181.

Example of a POJO Endpoint

@WebService
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class JSEBean {
    @WebMethod
    public String echo(String input) {
        ...
    }
}
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Example of a Web Services Endpoint

<web-app ...>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>TestService</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.jsr181pojo.JSEBean01</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>TestService</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
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The following EJB3 stateless session bean exposes the same method on the remote interface as well as an endpoint operation. 

@Stateless
@Remote(EJB3RemoteInterface.class)

@WebService

@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class EJB3Bean implements EJB3RemoteInterface {
    @WebMethod
    public String echo(String input) {
        ...
    }
}
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Service Endpoint Interface

JAX-WS services typically implement a Java service endpoint interface (SEI), which may be mapped from a WSDL port type, either directly or using annotations. This SEI provides a high-level abstraction that hides the details between Java objects and their XML representations.

Endpoint Provider Interface

In some cases, JAX-WS services need the ability to operate at the XML message level. The endpoint Provider interface provides this functionality to the web services that implement it.

Consuming and Accessing the Endpoint

After you deploy your web service, you can consume the WSDL to create the component stubs which will be the basis for your application. Your application can then access the endpoint to do its work.

3.2.2. Developing and Deploying JAX-WS Web Service Endpoint
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A JAX-WS service endpoint is a server-side component that responds to requests from JAX-WS clients and publishes the WSDL definition for itself.

See the following quickstarts that ship with JBoss EAP for working examples of how to develop JAX-WS endpoint applications.

  • jaxws-addressing
  • jaxws-ejb
  • jaxws-pojo
  • jaxws-retail
  • wsat-simple
  • wsba-coordinator-completion-simple
  • wsba-participant-completion-simple

Development Requirements

A web service must fulfill the requirements of the JAX-WS API and the JSR 181: Web Services Metadata for the Java Platform specification. A valid implementation meets the following requirements:

The following is an example of a web service implementation that meets these requirements.

Web Service Code Example

package org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.profile;

import javax.ejb.Stateless;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;

@Stateless

@WebService(
    name = "ProfileMgmt",
    targetNamespace = "http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile",
    serviceName = "ProfileMgmtService")
@SOAPBinding(parameterStyle = SOAPBinding.ParameterStyle.BARE)
public class ProfileMgmtBean {
    @WebMethod
    public DiscountResponse getCustomerDiscount(DiscountRequest request) {
        DiscountResponse dResponse = new DiscountResponse();
        dResponse.setCustomer(request.getCustomer());
        dResponse.setDiscount(10.00);
        return dResponse;
    }
}
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The following is an example of the DiscountRequest class that is used by the ProfileMgmtBean bean in the previous example. The annotations are included for verbosity. Typically, the JAXB defaults are reasonable and do not need to be specified.

DiscountRequest Class Code Example

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.profile;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;

import org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.retail.Customer;

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(
  name = "discountRequest",
  namespace="http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile",
  propOrder = { "customer" }
)
public class DiscountRequest {

   protected Customer customer;

   public DiscountRequest() {
   }

   public DiscountRequest(Customer customer) {
      this.customer = customer;
   }

   public Customer getCustomer() {
      return customer;
   }

   public void setCustomer(Customer value) {
      this.customer = value;
   }

}
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Packaging Your Deployment

The implementation class is wrapped in a JAR deployment. Any metadata required for deployment is taken from the annotations on the implementation class and the service endpoint interface. You can deploy the JAR using the management CLI or the management console, and the HTTP endpoint is created automatically.

The following listing shows an example of the structure for a JAR deployment of an EJB web service. 

[user@host ~]$ jar -tf jaxws-samples-retail.jar
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountRequest.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountResponse.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ObjectFactory.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmt.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmtBean.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmtService.class
org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/package-info.class
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3.3. JAX-WS Web Service Clients
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3.3.1. Consume and Access a JAX-WS Web Service
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After creating a web service endpoint, either manually or using JAX-WS annotations, you can access its WSDL. This WSDL can be used to create the basic client application that will communicate with the web service. The process of generating Java code from the published WSDL is called consuming the web service. This happens in the following phases:

  1. Create the client artifacts.
  2. Construct a service stub.
Create the Client Artifacts

Before you can create client artifacts, you need to create your WSDL contract. The following WSDL contract is used for the examples presented in the rest of this section.

The examples below rely on having this WSDL contract in the ProfileMgmtService.wsdl file. 

<definitions
    name='ProfileMgmtService'
    targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
    xmlns='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/'
    xmlns:ns1='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
    xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/'
    xmlns:tns='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
    xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>

   <types>

      <xs:schema targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
                 version='1.0' xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>
         <xs:complexType name='customer'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='creditCardDetails' type='xs:string'/>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='firstName' type='xs:string'/>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='lastName' type='xs:string'/>
            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
      </xs:schema>

      <xs:schema
          targetNamespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
          version='1.0'
          xmlns:ns1='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'
          xmlns:tns='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail/profile'
          xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>

         <xs:import namespace='http://org.jboss.ws/samples/retail'/>
         <xs:element name='getCustomerDiscount'
                     nillable='true' type='tns:discountRequest'/>
         <xs:element name='getCustomerDiscountResponse'
                     nillable='true' type='tns:discountResponse'/>
         <xs:complexType name='discountRequest'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='customer' type='ns1:customer'/>

            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
         <xs:complexType name='discountResponse'>
            <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs='0' name='customer' type='ns1:customer'/>
               <xs:element name='discount' type='xs:double'/>
            </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>
      </xs:schema>

   </types>

   <message name='ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscount'>
      <part element='tns:getCustomerDiscount' name='getCustomerDiscount'/>
   </message>
   <message name='ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscountResponse'>
      <part element='tns:getCustomerDiscountResponse'
            name='getCustomerDiscountResponse'/>
   </message>
   <portType name='ProfileMgmt'>
      <operation name='getCustomerDiscount'
                 parameterOrder='getCustomerDiscount'>

         <input message='tns:ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscount'/>
         <output message='tns:ProfileMgmt_getCustomerDiscountResponse'/>
      </operation>
   </portType>
   <binding name='ProfileMgmtBinding' type='tns:ProfileMgmt'>
      <soap:binding style='document'
                    transport='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http'/>
      <operation name='getCustomerDiscount'>
         <soap:operation soapAction=''/>
         <input>

            <soap:body use='literal'/>
         </input>
         <output>
            <soap:body use='literal'/>
         </output>
      </operation>
   </binding>
   <service name='ProfileMgmtService'>
      <port binding='tns:ProfileMgmtBinding' name='ProfileMgmtPort'>

         <!-- service address will be rewritten to actual one when WSDL is requested from running server -->
         <soap:address location='http://SERVER:PORT/jboss-jaxws-retail/ProfileMgmtBean'/>
      </port>
   </service>
</definitions>
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Note

If you use JAX-WS annotations to create your web service endpoint, the WSDL contract is generated automatically, and you only need its URL. You can find this URL in the Runtime tab of the management console after the endpoint is deployed by selecting the applicable server, then selecting Subsystems Web Services View.

The wsconsume.sh or wsconsume.bat tool is used to consume the abstract contract (WSDL) and produce annotated Java classes and optional sources that define it. The tool is located in the EAP_HOME/bin/ directory. 

[user@host bin]$ ./wsconsume.sh --help
WSConsumeTask is a cmd line tool that generates portable JAX-WS artifacts from a WSDL file.

usage: org.jboss.ws.tools.cmd.WSConsume [options] <wsdl-url>

options:
    -h, --help                  Show this help message
    -b, --binding=<file>        One or more JAX-WS or JAXB binding files
    -k, --keep                  Keep/Generate Java source
    -c  --catalog=<file>        Oasis XML Catalog file for entity resolution
    -p  --package=<name>        The target package for generated source
    -w  --wsdlLocation=<loc>    Value to use for @WebService.wsdlLocation
    -o, --output=<directory>    The directory to put generated artifacts
    -s, --source=<directory>    The directory to put Java source
    -t, --target=<2.0|2.1|2.2>  The JAX-WS specification target
    -q, --quiet                 Be somewhat more quiet
    -v, --verbose               Show full exception stack traces
    -l, --load-consumer         Load the consumer and exit (debug utility)
    -e, --extension             Enable SOAP 1.2 binding extension
    -a, --additionalHeaders     Enable processing of implicit SOAP headers
    -n, --nocompile             Do not compile generated sources
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The following command generates the source .java files listed in the output, from the ProfileMgmtService.wsdl file. The sources use the directory structure of the package, which is specified with the -p switch. 

[user@host bin]$
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/Customer.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountRequest.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountResponse.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ObjectFactory.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmt.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmtService.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/package-info.java
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/Customer.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountRequest.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/DiscountResponse.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ObjectFactory.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmt.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/ProfileMgmtService.class
output/org/jboss/test/ws/jaxws/samples/retail/profile/package-info.class
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Both .java source files and compiled .class files are generated into the output/ directory within the directory where you run the command.

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Table 3.3. Descriptions of Artifacts Created by wsconsume.sh
FileDescription

ProfileMgmt.java

Service endpoint interface.

Customer.java

Custom data type.

Discount.java

Custom data types.

ObjectFactory.java

JAXB XML registry.

package-info.java

JAXB package annotations.

ProfileMgmtService.java

Service factory.

The wsconsume command generates all custom data types (JAXB annotated classes), the service endpoint interface, and a service factory class. These artifacts are used to build web service client implementations.

Construct a Service Stub

Web service clients use service stubs to abstract the details of a remote web service invocation. To a client application, a web service invocation looks like an invocation of any other business component. In this case the service endpoint interface acts as the business interface, and a service factory class is not used to construct it as a service stub.

The following example first creates a service factory using the WSDL location and the service name. Next, it uses the service endpoint interface created by wsconsume to build the service stub. Finally, the stub can be used just as any other business interface would be.

You can find the WSDL URL for your endpoint in the JBoss EAP management console. Select the Runtime tab, select your server, then under Subsystems, select Web Services and click View. Go to the Attributes tab to review the deployment details. 

import javax.xml.ws.Service;
[...]
Service service = Service.create(
new URL("http://example.org/service?wsdl"),
new QName("MyService")
);
ProfileMgmt profileMgmt = service.getPort(ProfileMgmt.class);

// Use the service stub in your application
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3.3.2. Develop a JAX-WS Client Application
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The client communicates with, and requests work from, the JAX-WS endpoint, which is deployed in the Java Enterprise Edition 7 container. For detailed information about the classes, methods, and other implementation details mentioned below, see the relevant sections of the Javadocs bundle included with JBoss EAP.

Overview

A Service is an abstraction which represents a WSDL service. A WSDL service is a collection of related ports, each of which includes a port type bound to a particular protocol and a particular endpoint address.

Usually, the Service is generated when the rest of the component stubs are generated from an existing WSDL contract. The WSDL contract is available via the WSDL URL of the deployed endpoint, or can be created from the endpoint source using the wsprovide tool in the EAP_HOME/bin/ directory.

This type of usage is referred to as the static use case. In this case, you create instances of the Service class which is created as one of the component stubs.

You can also create the service manually, using the Service.create method. This is referred to as the dynamic use case.

Usage
Static Use Case

The static use case for a JAX-WS client assumes that you already have a WSDL contract. This may be generated by an external tool or generated by using the correct JAX-WS annotations when you create your JAX-WS endpoint.

To generate your component stubs, you use the wsconsume tool included in EAP_HOME/bin. The tool takes the WSDL URL or file as a parameter, and generates multiple files, structured in a directory tree. The source and class files representing your Service are named _Service.java and _Service.class, respectively.

The generated implementation class has two public constructors, one with no arguments and one with two arguments. The two arguments represent the WSDL location (a java.net.URL) and the service name (a javax.xml.namespace.QName) respectively.

The no-argument constructor is the one used most often. In this case the WSDL location and service name are those found in the WSDL. These are set implicitly from the @WebServiceClient annotation that decorates the generated class. 

@WebServiceClient(name="StockQuoteService", targetNamespace="http://example.com/stocks", wsdlLocation="http://example.com/stocks.wsdl")
public class StockQuoteService extends javax.xml.ws.Service
{
   public StockQuoteService() {
      super(new URL("http://example.com/stocks.wsdl"), new QName("http://example.com/stocks", "StockQuoteService"));
   }

   public StockQuoteService(String wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) {
      super(wsdlLocation, serviceName);
   }
   ...
}
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For details about how to obtain a port from the service and how to invoke an operation on the port, see Dynamic Proxy. For details about how to work with the XML payload directly or with the XML representation of the entire SOAP message, see Dispatch.

Dynamic Use Case

In the dynamic case, no stubs are generated automatically. Instead, a web service client uses the Service.create method to create Service instances. The following code fragment illustrates this process. 

URL wsdlLocation = new URL("http://example.org/my.wsdl");
QName serviceName = new QName("http://example.org/sample", "MyService");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlLocation, serviceName);
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Handler Resolver

JAX-WS provides a flexible plug-in framework for message processing modules, known as handlers. These handlers extend the capabilities of a JAX-WS runtime system. A Service instance provides access to a HandlerResolver via a pair of getHandlerResolver and setHandlerResolver methods that can configure a set of handlers on a per-service, per-port or per-protocol binding basis.

When a Service instance creates a proxy or a Dispatch instance, the handler resolver currently registered with the service creates the required handler chain. Subsequent changes to the handler resolver configured for a Service instance do not affect the handlers on previously created proxies or Dispatch instances.

Executor

Service instances can be configured with a java.util.concurrent.Executor. The Executor invokes any asynchronous callbacks requested by the application. The setExecutor and getExecutor methods of Service can modify and retrieve the Executor configured for a service.

Dynamic Proxy

A dynamic proxy is an instance of a client proxy using one of the getPort methods provided in the Service. The portName specifies the name of the WSDL port the service uses. The serviceEndpointInterface specifies the service endpoint interface supported by the created dynamic proxy instance. 

public <T> T getPort(QName portName, Class<T> serviceEndpointInterface)
public <T> T getPort(Class<T> serviceEndpointInterface)
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The Service Endpoint Interface is usually generated using the wsconsume tool, which parses the WSDL and creates Java classes from it.

A typed method which returns a port is also provided. These methods also return dynamic proxies that implement the SEI. See the following example. 

@WebServiceClient(name = "TestEndpointService", targetNamespace = "http://org.jboss.ws/wsref",
   wsdlLocation = "http://localhost.localdomain:8080/jaxws-samples-webserviceref?wsdl")

public class TestEndpointService extends Service {
    ...

    public TestEndpointService(URL wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) {
        super(wsdlLocation, serviceName);
    }

    @WebEndpoint(name = "TestEndpointPort")
    public TestEndpoint getTestEndpointPort() {
        return (TestEndpoint)super.getPort(TESTENDPOINTPORT, TestEndpoint.class);
    }
}
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@WebServiceRef

The @WebServiceRef annotation declares a reference to a web service. It follows the resource pattern shown by the javax.annotation.Resource annotation defined in JSR 250.

  • You can use it to define a reference whose type is a generated Service class. In this case, the type and value element each refer to the generated Service class type. Moreover, if the reference type can be inferred by the field or method declaration the annotation is applied to, the type and value elements may (but are not required to) have the default value of Object.class. If the type cannot be inferred, then at least the type element must be present with a non-default value.

  • You can use it to define a reference whose type is an SEI. In this case, the type element may (but is not required to) be present with its default value if the type of the reference can be inferred from the annotated field or method declaration. However, the value element must always be present and refer to a generated service class type, which is a subtype of javax.xml.ws.Service. The wsdlLocation element, if present, overrides the WSDL location information specified in the @WebService annotation of the referenced generated service class. 

    public class EJB3Client implements EJB3Remote
{
   @WebServiceRef
   public TestEndpointService service4;

   @WebServiceRef
   public TestEndpoint port3;
 }
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Dispatch

XML web services use XML messages for communication between the endpoint, which is deployed in the Java EE container, and any clients. The XML messages use an XML language called Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The JAX-WS API provides the mechanisms for the endpoint and clients to each be able to send and receive SOAP messages. Marshalling is the process of converting a Java Object into a SOAP XML message. Unmarshalling is the process of converting the SOAP XML message back into a Java Object.

In some cases, you need access to the raw SOAP messages themselves, rather than the result of the conversion. The Dispatch class provides this functionality. Dispatch operates in one of two usage modes, which are identified by one of the following constants.

  • javax.xml.ws.Service.Mode.MESSAGE - This mode directs client applications to work directly with protocol-specific message structures. When used with a SOAP protocol binding, a client application works directly with a SOAP message.
  • javax.xml.ws.Service.Mode.PAYLOAD - This mode causes the client to work with the payload itself. For instance, if it is used with a SOAP protocol binding, a client application would work with the contents of the SOAP body rather than the entire SOAP message.

Dispatch is a low-level API which requires clients to structure messages or payloads as XML, with strict adherence to the standards of the individual protocol and a detailed knowledge of message or payload structure. Dispatch is a generic class which supports input and output of messages or message payloads of any type. 

Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
Dispatch dispatch = service.createDispatch(portName, StreamSource.class, Mode.PAYLOAD);

String payload = "<ns1:ping xmlns:ns1='http://oneway.samples.jaxws.ws.test.jboss.org/'/>";
dispatch.invokeOneWay(new StreamSource(new StringReader(payload)));

payload = "<ns1:feedback xmlns:ns1='http://oneway.samples.jaxws.ws.test.jboss.org/'/>";
Source retObj = (Source)dispatch.invoke(new StreamSource(new StringReader(payload)));
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Asynchronous Invocations

The BindingProvider interface represents a component that provides a protocol binding which clients can use. It is implemented by proxies and is extended by the Dispatch interface.

BindingProvider instances may provide asynchronous operation capabilities. Asynchronous operation invocations are decoupled from the BindingProvider instance at invocation time. The response context is not updated when the operation completes. Instead, a separate response context is made available using the Response interface. 

public void testInvokeAsync() throws Exception {
   URL wsdlURL = new URL("http://" + getServerHost() + ":8080/jaxws-samples-asynchronous?wsdl");
   QName serviceName = new QName(targetNS, "TestEndpointService");
   Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
   TestEndpoint port = service.getPort(TestEndpoint.class);
   Response response = port.echoAsync("Async");
   // access future
   String retStr = (String) response.get();
   assertEquals("Async", retStr);
}
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@Oneway Invocations

The @Oneway annotation indicates that the given web method takes an input message but returns no output message. Usually, a @Oneway method returns the thread of control to the calling application before the business method is executed. 

@WebService (name="PingEndpoint")
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public class PingEndpointImpl {
   private static String feedback;

   @WebMethod
   @Oneway
   public void ping() {
      log.info("ping");
      feedback = "ok";
   }

   @WebMethod
   public String feedback() {
      log.info("feedback");
      return feedback;
   }
}
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Timeout Configuration

Two different properties control the timeout behavior of the HTTP connection and the timeout of a client which is waiting to receive a message. The first is javax.xml.ws.client.connectionTimeout and the second is javax.xml.ws.client.receiveTimeout. Each is expressed in milliseconds, and the correct syntax is shown below. 

public void testConfigureTimeout() throws Exception {
   //Set timeout until a connection is established
   ((BindingProvider)port).getRequestContext().put("javax.xml.ws.client.connectionTimeout", "6000");

   //Set timeout until the response is received
   ((BindingProvider) port).getRequestContext().put("javax.xml.ws.client.receiveTimeout", "1000");

   port.echo("testTimeout");
}
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3.4. Configuring the Web Services Subsystem
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JBossWS components handle the processing of web service endpoints and are provided to JBoss EAP through the webservices subsystem. The subsystem supports the configuration of published endpoint addresses and endpoint handler chains.

A default webservices subsystem is provided in the server’s domain and standalone configuration files. It contains several predefined endpoint and client configurations. 

<subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:webservices:2.0">
  <wsdl-host>${jboss.bind.address:127.0.0.1}</wsdl-host>
  <endpoint-config name="Standard-Endpoint-Config"/>
  <endpoint-config name="Recording-Endpoint-Config">
    <pre-handler-chain name="recording-handlers" protocol-bindings="##SOAP11_HTTP ##SOAP11_HTTP_MTOM ##SOAP12_HTTP ##SOAP12_HTTP_MTOM">
      <handler name="RecordingHandler" class="org.jboss.ws.common.invocation.RecordingServerHandler"/>
    </pre-handler-chain>
  </endpoint-config>
  <client-config name="Standard-Client-Config"/>
</subsystem>
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3.4.1. Endpoint Configurations
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JBossWS enables extra setup configuration data to be predefined and associated with an endpoint implementation. Predefined endpoint configurations can be used for JAX-WS client and JAX-WS endpoint setup. Endpoint configurations can include JAX-WS handlers and key/value properties declarations. This feature provides a convenient way to add handlers to web service endpoints and to set key/value properties that control JBossWS and Apache CXF internals.

The webservices subsystem allows you to define named sets of endpoint configuration data. Each endpoint configuration must have a unique name within the subsystem. The org.jboss.ws.api.annotation.EndpointConfig annotation can then be used to assign an endpoint configuration to a JAX-WS implementation in a deployed application. See Assigning a Configuration for more information on assigning endpoint configurations.

There are two predefined endpoint configurations in the default JBoss EAP configuration:

  • Standard-Endpoint-Config is the endpoint configuration used for any endpoint that does not have an explicitly-assigned endpoint configuration.
  • Recording-Endpoint-Config is an example of custom endpoint configuration that includes a recording handler.
Add an Endpoint Configuration

You can add a new endpoint configuration using the management CLI. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config:add
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Configure an Endpoint Configuration

You can add key/value property declarations for the endpoint configuration using the management CLI. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=Standard-Endpoint-Config/property=PROPERTY_NAME:add(value=PROPERTY_VALUE)
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You can also configure handler chains and handlers for these endpoint configurations.

Remove an Endpoint Configuration

You can remove a endpoint configuration using the management CLI. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config:remove
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3.4.2. Handler Chains
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Each endpoint configuration can be associated with PRE or POST handler chains. Each handler chain may include JAX-WS-compliant handlers to perform additional processing on messages. For outbound messages, PRE handler chain handlers are executed before any handler attached to the endpoints using standard JAX-WS means, such as the @HandlerChain annotation. POST handler chain handlers are executed after usual endpoint handlers. For inbound messages, the opposite applies.

Server Outbound Messages

Endpoint --> PRE Handlers --> Endpoint Handlers --> POST Handlers --> ... --> Client
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Server Inbound Messages

Client --> ... --> POST Handlers --> Endpoint Handlers --> PRE Handlers --> Endpoint
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Add a Handler Chain

You can add a POST handler chain to an endpoint configuration using the following management CLI command. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config/post-handler-chain=my-post-handler-chain:add
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You can add a PRE handler chain to an endpoint configuration using the following management CLI command. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config/pre-handler-chain=my-pre-handler-chain:add
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Configure a Handler Chain

Use the protocol-bindings attribute to set which protocols trigger the handler chain to start. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config/post-handler-chain=my-post-handler-chain:write-attribute(name=protocol-bindings,value=##SOAP11_HTTP)
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See the handlers section for information on configuring handlers for a handler chain.

Remove a Handler Chain

You can remove a handler chain using the management CLI. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config/post-handler-chain=my-post-handler-chain:remove
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3.4.3. Handlers
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A JAX-WS handler is added to a handler chain and specifies the fully-qualified name of the handler class. When the endpoint is deployed, an instance of that class is created for each referencing deployment. Either the deployment class loader or the class loader for the org.jboss.as.webservices.server.integration module must be able to load the handler class.

See the Handler Javadocs for a listing of the available handlers.

Add a Handler

You can add a handler to a handler chain using the following management CLI command. You must provide the class name of the handler. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config/post-handler-chain=my-post-handler-chain/handler=my-handler:add(class="com.arjuna.webservices11.wsarj.handler.InstanceIdentifierInHandler")
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Configure a Handler

You can update the class for a handler using the management CLI. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config/post-handler-chain=my-post-handler-chain/handler=my-handler:add(class="org.jboss.ws.common.invocation.RecordingServerHandler")
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Remove a Handler

You can remove a handler using the management CLI. 

/subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=My-Endpoint-Config/post-handler-chain=my-post-handler-chain/handler=my-handler:
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3.4.4. Published Endpoint Addresses
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The rewriting of the <soap:address> element of endpoints published in WSDL contracts is supported. This feature is useful for controlling the server address that is advertised to clients for each endpoint.

The following table lists the attributes that can be configured for this feature.

Expand
NameDescription

modify-wsdl-address

This boolean enables and disables the address rewrite functionality.

When modify-wsdl-address is set to true and the content of <soap:address> is a valid URL, JBossWS rewrites the URL using the values of wsdl-host and wsdl-port or wsdl-secure-port.

When modify-wsdl-address is set to false and the content of <soap:address> is a valid URL, JBossWS does not rewrite the URL. The <soap:address> URL is used.

When the content of <soap:address> is not a valid URL, JBossWS rewrites it no matter what the setting of modify-wsdl-address. If modify-wsdl-address is set to true and wsdl-host is not defined or explicitly set to jbossws.undefined.host, the content of <soap:address> URL is used. JBossWS uses the requester’s host when rewriting the <soap:address>.

When modify-wsdl-address is not defined JBossWS uses a default value of true.

wsdl-host

The host name or IP address to be used for rewriting <soap:address>. If wsdl-host is set to jbossws.undefined.host, JBossWS uses the requester’s host when rewriting the <soap:address>. When wsdl-host is not defined JBossWS uses a default value of jbossws.undefined.host.

wsdl-path-rewrite-rule

This string defines a SED substitution command, for example s/regexp/replacement/g, that JBossWS executes against the path component of each <soap:address> URL published from the server. When wsdl-path-rewrite-rule is not defined, JBossWS retains the original path component of each <soap:address> URL. When modify-wsdl-address is set to false this element is ignored.

wsdl-port

Set this property to explicitly define the HTTP port that will be used for rewriting the SOAP address. Otherwise the HTTP port will be identified by querying the list of installed HTTP connectors.

wsdl-secure-port

Set this property to explicitly define the HTTPS port that will be used for rewriting the SOAP address. Otherwise the HTTPS port will be identified by querying the list of installed HTTPS connectors.

wsdl-uri-scheme

This property explicitly sets the URI scheme to use for rewriting <soap:address>. Valid values are http and https. This configuration overrides the scheme computed by processing the endpoint even if a transport guarantee is specified. The provided values for wsdl-port and wsdl-secure-port, or their default values, are used depending on the specified scheme.

You can use the management CLI to update these attributes. For example: 

/subsystem=webservices:write-attribute(name=wsdl-uri-scheme, value=https)
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3.4.5. Viewing Runtime Information
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Each web service endpoint is exposed through the deployment that provides the endpoint implementation. Each endpoint can be queried as a deployment resource. Each web service endpoint specifies a web context and a WSDL URL. You can access this runtime information using the management CLI or the management console.

The following management CLI command shows the details of the TestService endpoint from the jaxws-samples-handlerchain.war deployment. 

/deployment="jaxws-samples-handlerchain.war"/subsystem=webservices/endpoint="jaxws-samples-handlerchain:TestService":read-resource(include-runtime=true)
{
    "outcome" => "success",
    "result" => {
        "average-processing-time" => 23L,
        "class" => "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.handlerchain.EndpointImpl",
        "context" => "jaxws-samples-handlerchain",
        "fault-count" => 0L,
        "max-processing-time" => 23L,
        "min-processing-time" => 23L,
        "name" => "TestService",
        "request-count" => 1L,
        "response-count" => 1L,
        "total-processing-time" => 23L,
        "type" => "JAXWS_JSE",
        "wsdl-url" => "http://localhost:8080/jaxws-samples-handlerchain?wsdl"
    }
}
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Note

Using the include-runtime=true flag on the read-resource operation returns runtime statistics in the result. However, the collection of statistics for web service endpoints is disabled by default. You can enable statistics for web service endpoints using the following management CLI command. 

/subsystem=webservices:write-attribute(name=statistics-enabled,value=true)
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You can also view runtime information for web services endpoints from the Runtime tab of the management console. Select the server, then select Subsystems Webservices View. The runtime statistics are shown on the Statistics tab, and the endpoint details are shown on the Attributes tab.

3.5. Assigning Client and Endpoint Configurations
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Client and endpoint configurations can be assigned in the following ways:

  • Explicit assignment through annotations (for endpoints) or API programmatic usage (for clients)
  • Automatic assignment of configurations from default descriptors
  • Automatic assignment of configurations from the container

3.5.1. Explicit Configuration Assignment
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The explicit configuration assignment is meant for developers that know in advance their endpoint or client has to be set up according to a specified configuration. The configuration is coming from either a descriptor that is included in the application deployment, or is included in the webservices subsystem.

3.5.1.1. Configuration Deployment Descriptor
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Java EE archives that can contain JAX-WS client and endpoint implementations may also contain predefined client and endpoint configuration declarations. All endpoint or client configuration definitions for a given archive must be provided in a single deployment descriptor file, which must be an implementation of the schema that can be found at EAP_HOME/docs/schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd. Many endpoint or client configurations can be defined in the deployment descriptor file. Each configuration must have a name that is unique within the server on which the application is deployed. The configuration name cannot be referred to by endpoint or client implementations outside the application.

Example Descriptor with Two Endpoint Configurations

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jaxws-config xmlns="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xsi:schemaLocation="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0 schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd">
  <endpoint-config>
    <config-name>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.jbws3282.Endpoint4Impl</config-name>
    <pre-handler-chains>
      <javaee:handler-chain>
        <javaee:handler>
          <javaee:handler-name>Log Handler</javaee:handler-name>
          <javaee:handler-class>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.jbws3282.LogHandler</javaee:handler-class>
        </javaee:handler>
      </javaee:handler-chain>
    </pre-handler-chains>
    <post-handler-chains>
      <javaee:handler-chain>
        <javaee:handler>
          <javaee:handler-name>Routing Handler</javaee:handler-name>
          <javaee:handler-class>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.jbws3282.RoutingHandler</javaee:handler-class>
        </javaee:handler>
      </javaee:handler-chain>
    </post-handler-chains>
  </endpoint-config>
  <endpoint-config>
    <config-name>EP6-config</config-name>
    <post-handler-chains>
      <javaee:handler-chain>
        <javaee:handler>
          <javaee:handler-name>Authorization Handler</javaee:handler-name>
          <javaee:handler-class>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.jbws3282.AuthorizationHandler</javaee:handler-class>
        </javaee:handler>
      </javaee:handler-chain>
    </post-handler-chains>
  </endpoint-config>
</jaxws-config>
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Similarly, a client configuration can be specified in descriptors, which is still implementing the schema mentioned above: 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jaxws-config xmlns="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xsi:schemaLocation="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0 schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd">
  <client-config>
    <config-name>Custom Client Config</config-name>
    <pre-handler-chains>
      <javaee:handler-chain>
        <javaee:handler>
          <javaee:handler-name>Routing Handler</javaee:handler-name>
          <javaee:handler-class>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.clientConfig.RoutingHandler</javaee:handler-class>
        </javaee:handler>
        <javaee:handler>
          <javaee:handler-name>Custom Handler</javaee:handler-name>
          <javaee:handler-class>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.clientConfig.CustomHandler</javaee:handler-class>
        </javaee:handler>
      </javaee:handler-chain>
    </pre-handler-chains>
  </client-config>
  <client-config>
    <config-name>Another Client Config</config-name>
    <post-handler-chains>
      <javaee:handler-chain>
        <javaee:handler>
          <javaee:handler-name>Routing Handler</javaee:handler-name>
          <javaee:handler-class>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.clientConfig.RoutingHandler</javaee:handler-class>
        </javaee:handler>
      </javaee:handler-chain>
    </post-handler-chains>
  </client-config>
</jaxws-config>
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3.5.1.2. Application Server Configuration
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JBoss EAP allows declaring JBossWS client and server predefined configurations in the webservices subsystem. As a result it is possible to declare server-wide handlers to be added to the chain of each endpoint or client assigned to a given configuration.

Standard Configuration

Clients running in the same JBoss EAP instance, as well as endpoints, are assigned standard configurations by default. The defaults are used unless different a configuration is set. This enables administrators to tune the default handler chains for client and endpoint configurations. The names of the default client and endpoint configurations used in the webservices subsystem are Standard-Client-Config and Standard-Endpoint-Config.

Handlers Classloading

When setting a server-wide handler, the handler class needs to be available through each ws deployment classloader. As a result proper module dependencies may need to be specified in the deployments that are going to use a given predefined configuration. One way to ensure the proper module dependencies are specified in the deployment is to add a dependency to the module containing the handler class in one of the modules which are already automatically set as dependencies to any deployment, for instance org.jboss.ws.spi.

Example Configuration

Example Default Subsystem Configuration

<subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:webservices:2.0">
    <!-- ... -->
    <endpoint-config name="Standard-Endpoint-Config"/>
    <endpoint-config name="Recording-Endpoint-Config">
        <pre-handler-chain name="recording-handlers" protocol-bindings="##SOAP11_HTTP ##SOAP11_HTTP_MTOM ##SOAP12_HTTP ##SOAP12_HTTP_MTOM">
            <handler name="RecordingHandler" class="org.jboss.ws.common.invocation.RecordingServerHandler"/>
        </pre-handler-chain>
    </endpoint-config>
    <client-config name="Standard-Client-Config"/>
</subsystem>
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A configuration file for a deployment specific ws-security endpoint setup: 

<jaxws-config xmlns="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0 schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd">
  <endpoint-config>
    <config-name>Custom WS-Security Endpoint</config-name>
    <property>
      <property-name>ws-security.signature.properties</property-name>
      <property-value>bob.properties</property-value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <property-name>ws-security.encryption.properties</property-name>
      <property-value>bob.properties</property-value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <property-name>ws-security.signature.username</property-name>
      <property-value>bob</property-value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <property-name>ws-security.encryption.username</property-name>
      <property-value>alice</property-value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <property-name>ws-security.callback-handler</property-name>
      <property-value>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.basic.KeystorePasswordCallback</property-value>
    </property>
  </endpoint-config>
</jaxws-config>
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JBoss EAP default configuration modified to default to SOAP messages schema-validation on: 

<subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:webservices:2.0">
    <!-- ... -->
    <endpoint-config name="Standard-Endpoint-Config">
        <property name="schema-validation-enabled" value="true"/>
    </endpoint-config>
    <!-- ... -->
    <client-config name="Standard-Client-Config">
        <property name="schema-validation-enabled" value="true"/>
    </client-config>
</subsystem>
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3.5.1.3. EndpointConfig Annotation
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Once a configuration is available to a given application, the org.jboss.ws.api.annotation.EndpointConfig annotation is used to assign an endpoint configuration to a JAX-WS endpoint implementation. When you assign a configuration that is defined in the webservices subsystem, you only need to specify the configuration name. When you assign a configuration that is defined in the application, you need to specify the relative path to the deployment descriptor and the configuration name.

Example EndpointConfig Annotation

@EndpointConfig(configFile = "WEB-INF/my-endpoint-config.xml", configName = "Custom WS-Security Endpoint")
public class ServiceImpl implements ServiceIface {
   public String sayHello() {
      return "Secure Hello World!";
   }
}
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3.5.1.4. JAX-WS Feature
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You can also use org.jboss.ws.api.configuration.ClientConfigFeature to set a configuration that is a JAX-WS Feature extension provided by JBossWS. 

import org.jboss.ws.api.configuration.ClientConfigFeature;

Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);

Endpoint port = service.getPort(Endpoint.class, new ClientConfigFeature("META-INF/my-client-config.xml", "Custom Client Config"));
port.echo("Kermit");
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You can also set properties from the specified configuration by passing in true to the ClientConfigFeature constructor. 

Endpoint port = service.getPort(Endpoint.class, new ClientConfigFeature("META-INF/my-client-config.xml", "Custom Client Config"), true);
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JBossWS parses the specified configuration file, after having resolved it as a resource using the current thread context class loader. The EAP_HOME/docs/schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd schema defines the descriptor contents and is included in the jbossws-spi artifact.

If you pass in null for the configuration file, the configuration will be read from the current container configurations, if available. 

Endpoint port = service.getPort(Endpoint.class, new ClientConfigFeature(null, "Container Custom Client Config"));
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3.5.1.5. Explicit Setup Through API
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Alternatively, the JBossWS API comes with facility classes that can be used for assigning configurations when building a client.

Handlers

JAX-WS handlers are read from client configurations as follows. 

import org.jboss.ws.api.configuration.ClientConfigUtil;
import org.jboss.ws.api.configuration.ClientConfigurer;

Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
Endpoint port = service.getPort(Endpoint.class);
BindingProvider bp = (BindingProvider)port;

ClientConfigurer configurer = ClientConfigUtil.resolveClientConfigurer();
configurer.setConfigHandlers(bp, "META-INF/my-client-config.xml", "Custom Client Config");
port.echo("Kermit");
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You can also use the ClientConfigUtil utility class to set up the handlers. 

ClientConfigUtil.setConfigHandlers(bp, "META-INF/my-client-config.xml", "Custom Client Config");
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The default ClientConfigurer implementation parses the specified configuration file, after having resolved it as a resource using the current thread context class loader. The EAP_HOME/docs/schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd schema defines the descriptor contents and is included in the jbossws-spi artifact.

If you pass in null for the configuration file, the configuration will be read from the current container configurations, if available. 

ClientConfigurer configurer = ClientConfigUtil.resolveClientConfigurer();
configurer.setConfigHandlers(bp, null, "Container Custom Client Config");
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Properties

Similarly, properties are read from client configurations as follows. 

import org.jboss.ws.api.configuration.ClientConfigUtil;
import org.jboss.ws.api.configuration.ClientConfigurer;

Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
Endpoint port = service.getPort(Endpoint.class);

ClientConfigUtil.setConfigProperties(port, "META-INF/my-client-config.xml", "Custom Client Config");
port.echo("Kermit");
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You can also use the ClientConfigUtil utility class to set up the properties. 

ClientConfigurer configurer = ClientConfigUtil.resolveClientConfigurer();
configurer.setConfigProperties(port, "META-INF/my-client-config.xml", "Custom Client Config");
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The default ClientConfigurer implementation parses the specified configuration file, after having resolved it as a resource using the current thread context class loader. The EAP_HOME/docs/schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd schema defines the descriptor contents and is included in the jbossws-spi artifact.

If you pass in null for the configuration file, the configuration will be read from the current container configurations, if available. 

ClientConfigurer configurer = ClientConfigUtil.resolveClientConfigurer();
configurer.setConfigProperties(port, null, "Container Custom Client Config");
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3.5.2. Automatic Configuration from Default Descriptors
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In some cases, the application developer might not be aware of the configuration that will need to be used for its client and endpoint implementation. In other cases, explicit usage of the JBossWS API might not be accepted because it is a compile-time dependency. To cope with such scenarios, JBossWS allows including default client, jaxws-client-config.xml, and endpoint, jaxws-endpoint-config.xml, descriptors within the application in its root directory. These are parsed for getting configurations whenever a configuration file name is not specified. 

<config-file>WEB-INF/jaxws-endpoint-config.xml</config-file>
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If the configuration name is not specified, JBossWS automatically looks for a configuration named as:

  • the fully qualified name (FQN) of the endpoint implementation class, in case of JAX-WS endpoints.
  • the FQN of the service endpoint interface, in case of JAX-WS clients.

No automatic configuration name is selected for Dispatch clients.

For example, an endpoint implementation class org.foo.bar.EndpointImpl, for which no predefined configuration is explicitly set, will cause JBossWS to look for a org.foo.bar.EndpointImpl named configuration within a jaxws-endpoint-config.xml descriptor in the root of the application deployment. Similarly, on the client side, a client proxy implementing org.foo.bar.Endpoint interface will have the setup read from a org.foo.bar.Endpoint named configuration in the jaxws-client-config.xml descriptor.

3.5.3. Automatic Configuration Assignment from Container
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JBossWS falls back to getting predefined configurations from the container whenever no explicit configuration has been provided and the default descriptors are either not available or do not contain relevant configurations. This behavior gives additional control on the JAX-WS client and endpoint setup to administrators since the container can be managed independently from the deployed applications.

JBossWS accesses the webservices subsystem for an explicitly named configuration. The default configuration names used are:

  • the endpoint implementation class (fully qualified name), in case of JAX-WS endpoints.
  • the service endpoint interface (fully qualified name), in case of JAX-WS clients.

Dispatch clients are not automatically configured. If no configuration is found using names computed as above, the Standard-Client-Config and Standard-Endpoint-Config configurations are used for clients and endpoints respectively.

3.6. Setting Module Dependencies for Web Service Applications
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JBoss EAP web services are delivered as a set of modules and libraries, including the org.jboss.as.webservices.* and org.jboss.ws.* modules. You should not need to change these modules.

With JBoss EAP you cannot directly use JBossWS implementation classes unless you explicitly set a dependency to the corresponding module. You declare the module dependencies that you want to be added to the deployment.

The JBossWS APIs are available by default whenever the webservices subsystem is available. You can use them without creating an explicit dependencies declaration for those modules.

3.6.1. Using MANIFEST.MF
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To configure deployment dependencies, add them to the MANIFEST.MF file. For example: 

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Dependencies: org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client services export,foo.bar
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This MANIFEST.MF file declares dependencies on the org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client and foo.bar modules. For more information on declaring dependencies in a MANIFEST.MF file, including the export and services options, see Add a Dependency Configuration to MANIFEST.MF in the JBoss EAP Development Guide.

When using annotations on the endpoints and handlers, for example, Apache CXF endpoints and handlers, add the proper module dependency in your manifest file. If you skip this step, your annotations are not picked up and are completely, silently ignored.

3.6.1.1. Using JAXB
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To successfully and directly use JAXB contexts in your client or endpoint running in-container, set up a JAXB implementation. For example, set the following dependency: 

Dependencies: com.sun.xml.bind services export
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3.6.1.2. Using Apache CXF
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To use Apache CXF APIs and implementation classes, add a dependency to the org.apache.cxf (API) module or org.apache.cxf.impl (implementation) module. For example: 

Dependencies: org.apache.cxf services
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The dependency is purely Apache CXF without any JBossWS customizations or additional extensions. For this reason, a client-side aggregation module is available with all the web service dependencies that you might need.

3.6.1.3. Client-side Web Services Aggregation Module
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When you want to use all of the web services features and functionality, you can set a dependency to the convenient client module. For example: 

Dependencies: org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client services
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The services option is required to enable all JBossWS features by loading JBossWS specific classes. The services option is almost always needed when declaring dependencies on the org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client and org.apache.cxf modules. The option affects the loading of classes through the Service API, which is what is used to wire most of the JBossWS components and the Apache CXF Bus extensions.

3.6.1.4. Annotation Scanning
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The application server uses an annotation index for detecting JAX-WS endpoints in user deployments. When declaring web service endpoints for a class that belongs to a different module, for instance referring to it in the web.xml descriptor, use an annotations type dependency. Without that dependency your endpoints are ignored as they do not appear as annotated classes to the webservices subsystem. 

Dependencies: my.org annotations
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3.6.2. Using jboss-deployment-structure.xml
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In some circumstances, the convenient approach of setting module dependencies in the MANIFEST.MF file might not work. For example, setting dependencies in the MANIFEST.MF file does not work when importing and exporting specific resources from a given module dependency. In these scenarios, add a jboss-deployment-structure.xml descriptor file to your deployment and set module dependencies in it.

For more information on using jboss-deployment-structure.xml, see Add a Dependency Configuration to the jboss-deployment-structure.xml in the JBoss EAP Development Guide.

3.7. Configuring HTTP Timeout
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The HTTP session timeout defines the period after which an HTTP session is considered to have become invalid because there was no activity within the specified period.

The HTTP session timeout can be configured, in order of precedence, in the following places:

  1. Application

    You can define the HTTP session timeout in the application’s web.xml configuration file by adding the following configuration to the file. This value is in minutes. 

    <session-config>
  <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
</session-config>
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    If you modified the WAR file, redeploy the application. If you exploded the WAR file, no further action is required because JBoss EAP automatically undeploys and redeploys the application.

  2. Server

    You can use the following management CLI to set the default HTTP session timeout in the undertow subsystem. This value is in minutes. 

    /subsystem=undertow/servlet-container=default:write-attribute(name=default-session-timeout,value=30)
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  3. Default

    The default HTTP session timeout is 30 minutes.

3.8. Securing JAX-WS Web Services
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WS-Security provides the means to secure your services beyond transport level protocols such as HTTPS. Through a number of standards, such as headers defined in the WS-Security standard, you can:

  • Pass authentication tokens between services.
  • Encrypt messages or parts of messages.
  • Sign messages.
  • Timestamp messages.

WS-Security makes heavy use of public and private key cryptography. With public key cryptography, a user has a pair of public and private keys. These are generated using a large prime number and a key function.

The keys are related mathematically, but cannot be derived from one another. With these keys we can encrypt messages. For example, if Scott wants to send a message to Adam, he can encrypt a message using his public key. Adam can then decrypt this message using his private key. Only Adam can decrypt this message as he is the only one with the private key.

Messages can also be signed. This allows you to ensure the authenticity of the message. If Adam wants to send a message to Scott, and Scott wants to be sure that it is from Adam, Adam can sign the message using his private key. Scott can then verify that the message is from Adam by using his public key.

3.8.1. Applying Web Services Security (WS-Security)
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Web Services support many real-world scenarios requiring WS-Security functionality. These scenarios include signature and encryption support through X509 certificates, authentication and authorization through username tokens, and all WS-Security configurations covered by the WS-SecurityPolicy specification.

For other WS-* features, the core of WS-Security functionality is provided through the Apache CXF engine. In addition, the JBossWS integration adds a few configuration enhancements to simplify the setup of WS-Security enabled endpoints.

3.8.1.1. Apache CXF WS-Security Implementation
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Apache CXF features a WS-Security module that supports multiple configurations and is easily extendible.

The system is based on interceptors that delegate to Apache WSS4J for the low-level security operations. Interceptors can be configured in different ways, either through Spring configuration files or directly using the Apache CXF client API.

Recent versions of Apache CXF introduced support for WS-SecurityPolicy, which aims at moving most of the security configuration into the service contract (through policies), so that clients can be easily configured almost completely automatically from that. This way users do not need to manually deal with configuring and installing the required interceptors; the Apache CXF WS-Policy engine internally takes care of that instead.

3.8.1.2. WS-Security Policy Support
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WS-SecurityPolicy describes the actions that are required to securely communicate with a service advertised in a given WSDL contract. The WSDL bindings and operations reference WS-Policy fragments with the security requirements to interact with the service. The WS-SecurityPolicy specification allows for specifying things such as asymmetric and symmetric keys, using transports (HTTPS) for encryption, which parts or headers to encrypt or sign, whether to sign then encrypt or encrypt then sign, whether to include timestamps, whether to use derived keys, or something else.

However some mandatory configuration elements are not covered by WS-SecurityPolicy because they are not meant to be public or part of the published endpoint contract; these include things such as keystore locations, and usernames and passwords. Apache CXF allows configuring these elements either through Spring XML descriptors or using the client API or annotations.

Expand
Table 3.4. Supported Configuration Properties
Configuration propertyDescription

ws-security.username

The username used for UsernameToken policy assertions.

ws-security.password

The password used for UsernameToken policy assertions. If not specified, the callback handler will be called.

ws-security.callback-handler

The WSS4J security CallbackHandler that will be used to retrieve passwords for keystores and UsernameToken.

ws-security.signature.properties

The properties file/object that contains the WSS4J properties for configuring the signature keystore and crypto objects.

ws-security.encryption.properties

The properties file/object that contains the WSS4J properties for configuring the encryption keystore and crypto objects.

ws-security.signature.username

The username or alias for the key in the signature keystore that will be used. If not specified, it uses the default alias set in the properties file. If that is also not set, and the keystore only contains a single key, that key will be used.

ws-security.encryption.username

The username or alias for the key in the encryption keystore that will be used. If not specified, it uses the default alias set in the properties file. If that is also not set, and the keystore only contains a single key, that key will be used. For the web service provider, the useReqSigCert keyword can be used to accept (encrypt) any client whose public key is in the service’s truststore (defined in ws-security.encryption.properties).

ws-security.signature.crypto

Instead of specifying the signature properties, this can point to the full WSS4J Crypto object. This can allow easier programmatic configuration of the crypto information.

ws-security.encryption.crypto

Instead of specifying the encryption properties, this can point to the full WSS4J Crypto object. This can allow easier programmatic configuration of the crypto information.

ws-security.enable.streaming

Enable streaming (StAX based) processing of WS-Security messages.

3.8.2. WS-Trust
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WS-Trust is a web service specification that defines extensions to WS-Security. It is a general framework for implementing security in a distributed system. The standard is based on a centralized Security Token Service (STS), which is capable of authenticating clients and issuing tokens containing various types of authentication and authorization data. The specification describes a protocol used for issuance, exchange, and validation of security tokens. The following specifications play an important role in the WS-Trust architecture:

  • WS-SecurityPolicy 1.2
  • SAML 2.0
  • Username Token Profile
  • X.509 Token Profile
  • SAML Token Profile
  • Kerberos Token Profile

The WS-Trust extensions address the needs of applications that span multiple domains and requires the sharing of security keys. This occurs by providing a standards-based trusted third party web service (STS) to broker trust relationships between a web service requester and a web service provider. This architecture also alleviates the pain of service updates that require credential changes by providing a common location for this information. The STS is the common access point from which both the requester and provider retrieves and verifies security tokens.

There are three main components of the WS-Trust specification:

  • The Security Token Service (STS) for issuing, renewing, and validating security tokens
  • The message formats for security token requests and responses
  • The mechanisms for key exchange

3.8.2.1. Scenario: Basic WS-Trust
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In this section we have provided an example of a basic WS-Trust scenario. It comprises a web service requester (ws-requester), a web service provider (ws-provider), and a Security Token Service (STS).

The ws-provider requires a SAML 2.0 token issued from a designated STS to be presented by the ws-requester using asymmetric binding. These communication requirements are declared in the ws-provider’s WSDL. STS requires ws-requester credentials to be provided in a WSS UsernameToken format request using symmetric binding. The STS’s response is provided containing a SAML 2.0 token. These communication requirements are declared in the STS’s WSDL.

  1. A ws-requester contacts the ws-provider and consumes its WSDL. On finding the security token issuer requirement, ws-requester creates and configures a STSClient with the information it requires to generate a valid request.
  2. The STSClient contacts the STS and consumes its WSDL. The security policies are discovered. The STSClient creates and sends an authentication request with appropriate credentials.
  3. The STS verifies the credentials.
  4. In response, the STS issues a security token that provides proof that the ws-requester has authenticated with the STS.
  5. The STSlient presents a message with the security token to the ws-provider.
  6. The ws-provider verifies the token was issued by the STS, thus proving the ws-requester has successfully authenticated with the STS.
  7. The ws-provider executes the requested service and returns the results to the ws-requester.

3.8.2.2. Apache CXF Support
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Apache CXF is an open-source, fully-featured web services framework. The JBossWS open source project integrates the JBoss Web Services (JBossWS) stack with the Apache CXF project modules to provide WS-Trust and other JAX-WS functionality. This integration helps in easy deployment of Apache CXF STS implementations. The Apache CXF API also provides a STSClient utility to facilitate web service requester communication with its STS.

3.8.3. Security Token Service (STS)
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The Security Token Service (STS) is the core of the WS-Trust specification. It is a standards-based mechanism for authentication and authorization. The STS is an implementation of the WS-Trust specification’s protocol for issuing, exchanging, and validating security tokens, based on token format, namespace, or trust boundaries. The STS is a web service that acts as a trusted third party to broker trust relationships between a web service requester and a web service provider. It is a common access point trusted by both requester and provider to provide interoperable security tokens. It removes the need for a direct relationship between the requestor and provider. The STS helps ensure interoperability across realms and between different platforms because it is a standards-based mechanism for authentication.

The STS’s WSDL contract defines how other applications and processes interact with it. In particular, the WSDL defines the WS-Trust and WS-Security policies that a requester must fulfill to successfully communicate with the STS’s endpoints. A web service requester consumes the STS’s WSDL and, with the aid of an STSClient utility, generates a message request compliant with the stated security policies and submits it to the STS endpoint. The STS validates the request and returns an appropriate response.

To configure a client to obtain a security token from the STS, you will need to make use of the org.picketlink.identity.federation.api.wstrust.WSTrustClient class to connect to the STS and ask for a token to be issued.

First you will need to instantiate the client:

Example Creating a WSTrustClient

 WSTrustClient client = new WSTrustClient("PicketLinkSTS", "PicketLinkSTSPort",
       "http://localhost:8080/SecureTokenService/PicketLinkSTS",
       new SecurityInfo(username, password));
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Next you will need to use the WSTrustClient to ask for a token, for example a SAML assertion, to be issued:

Example of Obtaining an Assertion

org.w3c.dom.Element assertion = null;
try {
   assertion = client.issueToken(SAMLUtil.SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE);
} catch (WSTrustException wse) {
   System.out.println("Unable to issue assertion: " + wse.getMessage());
   wse.printStackTrace();
}
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Once you have the assertion, there are two ways by which it can be included in and sent via the SOAP message:

  • The client can push the SAML2 Assertion into the SOAP MessageContext under the key org.picketlink.trust.saml.assertion. For example: 

    bindingProvider.getRequestContext().put(SAML2Constants.SAML2_ASSERTION_PROPERTY, assertion);
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  • The SAML2 Assertion is available as part of the JAAS subject on the security context. This can happen if there has been a JAAS interaction with the usage of PicketLink STS login modules.

3.8.3.3. STS Client Pooling
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Warning

The STS Client Pooling feature is NOT supported in JBoss EAP.

STS Client Pooling is a feature that allows you to configure a pool of STS clients on the server, allowing STS Client creation to be removed as a possible bottleneck. Client pooling can be used from login modules which need an STS client to obtain SAML tickets. These include:

  • org.picketlink.identity.federation.core.wstrust.auth.STSIssuingLoginModule
  • org.picketlink.identity.federation.core.wstrust.auth.STSValidatingLoginModule
  • org.picketlink.trust.jbossws.jaas.JBWSTokenIssuingLoginModule

The default number of clients in the pool for each login module is configured using the initialNumberOfClients login module option.

The STSClientPoolFactory class org.picketlink.identity.federation.bindings.stspool.STSClientPoolFactory provides client pool functionality to applications.

Using STSClientPoolFactory

STS clients are inserted into subpools using their configuration as a key. To insert an STS client into a subpool, you need to obtain the STSClientPool instance and then initialize a subpool based on the configuration. Optionally, you can specify the initial number of STS clients when initializing the pool or you can rely on default number.

Example of Inserting an STS Client into a Subpool

final STSClientPool pool = STSClientPoolFactory.getPoolInstance();
pool.createPool(20, stsClientConfig);
final STSClient client = pool.getClient(stsClientConfig);
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When you are done with a client, you can return it to the pool by calling the returnClient() method:

Example of Returning an STS Client to the Subpool

pool.returnClient();
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To check if a subpool already exists for a given configuration:

Example of Checking if a Subpool Exists with a Given Configuration

if (! pool.configExists(stsClientConfig) {
    pool.createPool(stsClientConfig);
}
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If the picketlink-federation subsystem is enabled, all client pools created for a deployment are destroyed automatically during the undeploy process. To manually destroy a pool:

Example of Manually Destroying a Subpool

pool.destroyPool(stsClientConfig);
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3.9. JAX-WS Logging
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You can handle logging for inbound and outbound messages using JAX-WS handlers or Apache CXF logging interceptors.

3.9.1. Using JAX-WS Handlers
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You can configure a JAX-WS handler to log messages that are passed to it. This approach is portable as the handler can be added to the desired client and endpoints programatically by using the @HandlerChain JAX-WS annotation.

The predefined client and endpoint configuration mechanism allows you to add the logging handler to any client and endpoint combination, or to only some of the clients and endpoints. To add the logging handler to only some of the clients or endpoints, use the @EndpointConfig annotation and the JBossWS API.

The org.jboss.ws.api.annotation.EndpointConfig annotation is used to assign an endpoint configuration to a JAX-WS endpoint implementation. When assigning a configuration that is defined in the webservices subsystem, only the configuration name is specified. When assigning a configuration that is defined in the application, the relative path to the deployment descriptor and the configuration name must be specified.

3.9.2. Using Apache CXF Logging Interceptors
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Apache CXF also comes with logging interceptors that can be used to log messages to the console, client log files, or server log files. Those interceptors can be added to client, endpoint, and buses in multiple ways, including:

  • System property

    Setting the org.apache.cxf.logging.enabled system property to true causes the logging interceptors to be added to any bus instance being created on the JVM. You can also set the system property to pretty to output nicely-formatted XML output. You can use the following management CLI command to set this system property. 

    /system-property=org.apache.cxf.logging.enabled:add(value=true)
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  • Manual interceptor addition

    Logging interceptors can be selectively added to endpoints using the Apache CXF annotations @org.apache.cxf.interceptor.InInterceptors and @org.apache.cxf.interceptor.OutInterceptors. The same outcome is achieved on the client side by programmatically adding new instances of the logging interceptors to the client or the bus.

3.10. Enabling Web Services Addressing (WS-Addressing)
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Web Services Addressing, or WS-Addressing, provides a transport-neutral mechanism to address web services and their associated messages. To enable WS-Addressing, you must add the @Addressing annotation to the web service endpoint and then configure the client to access it.

The following examples assume your application has an existing JAX-WS service and client configuration. See the jaxws-addressing quickstart that ships with JBoss EAP for a complete working example.

  1. Add the @Addressing annotation to the application’s JAX-WS endpoint code.

    JAX-WS Endpoint Code Example with @Addressing Annotation

    package org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.wsa;

import org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.wsa.ServiceIface;

import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.xml.ws.soap.Addressing;

@WebService(
    portName = "AddressingServicePort",
    serviceName = "AddressingService",
    wsdlLocation = "WEB-INF/wsdl/AddressingService.wsdl",
    targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/wsaddressing",
    endpointInterface = "org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.wsa.ServiceIface")
@Addressing(enabled = true, required = true)
public class ServiceImpl implements ServiceIface {
    public String sayHello() {
        return "Hello World!";
    }
}
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  2. Update the JAX-WS client code to configure WS-Addressing.

    JAX-WS Client Code Example Configured for WS-Addressing

    package org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.wsa;

import java.net.URL;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.ws.Service;
import javax.xml.ws.soap.AddressingFeature;

public final class AddressingClient {
    private static final String serviceURL =
        "http://localhost:8080/jboss-jaxws-addressing/AddressingService";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // construct proxy
        QName serviceName =
            new QName("http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/wsaddressing",
                "AddressingService");
        URL wsdlURL = new URL(serviceURL + "?wsdl");
        Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
        org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.wsa.ServiceIface proxy =
            (org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.wsa.ServiceIface) service.getPort(org.jboss.quickstarts.ws.jaxws.samples.wsa.ServiceIface.class,
                new AddressingFeature());
        // invoke method
        System.out.println(proxy.sayHello());
    }
}
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The client and endpoint now communicate using WS-Addressing.

3.11. Enable Web Services Reliable Messaging
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Web Services Reliable Messaging (WS-Reliable Messaging) is implemented internally in Apache CXF. A set of interceptors interact with the low-level requirements of the reliable messaging protocol. To enable WS-Reliable Messaging, complete one of the following steps:

  • Consume a WSDL contract that specifies proper WS-Reliable Messaging policies and assertions.
  • Manually add and configure the reliable messaging interceptors.
  • Specify the reliable messaging policies in an optional CXF Spring XML descriptor.
  • Specify the Apache CXF reliable messaging feature in an optional CXF Spring XML descriptor.

If you specify the Apache CXF reliable messaging feature in an optional CXF Spring XML descriptor, you have to use the Apache CXF WS-Policy engine. The advantage of this option is that it is portable.

The other approaches are Apache CXF proprietary options, and give you more control over the protocol configuration options that are not specified by the WS-Reliable Messaging Policy.

3.12. Specifying Web Services Policies
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Web Services Policies (WS-Policy) rely on the Apache CXF WS-Policy framework. This framework is compliant with the following specifications:

You can work with the policies in different ways, including:

  • Add policy assertions to WSDL contracts and let the runtime consume the assertions and behave accordingly.
  • Specify endpoint policy attachments using either CXF annotations or features.
  • Use the Apache CXF policy framework to define custom assertions and complete other tasks.

3.13. Apache CXF Integration
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All JAX-WS functionality provided by JBossWS on top of JBoss EAP is currently served through a proper integration of the JBossWS stack with most of the Apache CXF project modules.

Apache CXF is an open source services framework. It allows building and developing services using front-end programming APIs (including JAX-WS), with services speaking a variety of protocols such as SOAP and XML/HTTP over a variety of transports such as HTTP and JMS.

The integration layer between JBossWS and Apache CXF is mainly meant for:

  • allowing using standard web services APIs (including JAX-WS) on JBoss EAP; this is performed internally leveraging Apache CXF without requiring the user to deal with it;
  • allowing using Apache CXF advanced features (including WS-*) on top of JBoss EAP without requiring the user to deal with, set up or care about the required integration steps for running in such a container.

In support of those goals, the JBossWS integration with Apache CXF supports the JBossWS endpoint deployment mechanism and comes with many internal customizations on top of Apache CXF.

For more in-depth details on the Apache CXF architecture, refer to the Apache CXF official documentation.

3.13.1. Server-side Integration Customization
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The JBossWS server-side integration with Apache CXF takes care of internally creating proper Apache CXF structures for the provided web service deployment. If the deployment includes multiple endpoints, they will all exist within the same Apache CXF Bus, which is separate from other deployments' bus instances.

While JBossWS sets sensible defaults for most of the Apache CXF configuration options on the server side, users might want to fine-tune the Bus instance that is created for their deployment; a jboss-webservices.xml descriptor can be used for deployment-level customizations.

3.13.1.1. Deployment Descriptor Properties
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The jboss-webservices.xml descriptor can be used to provide property values. 

<webservices xmlns="http://www.jboss.com/xml/ns/javaee" version="1.2">
  ...
  <property>
    <name>...</name>
    <value>...</value>
  </property>
  ...
</webservices>
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JBossWS integration with Apache CXF comes with a set of allowed property names to control Apache CXF internals.

3.13.1.2. WorkQueue Configuration
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Apache CXF uses WorkQueue instances for dealing with some operations, for example @Oneway request processing. A WorkQueueManager is installed in the Bus as an extension and allows for adding or removing queues as well as controlling the existing ones.

On the server side, queues can be provided by using the cxf.queue.<queue-name>.* properties in jboss-webservices.xml. For example, you can use the cxf.queue.default.maxQueueSize property to configure the maximum queue size of the default WorkQueue. At the deployment time, the JBossWS integration can add new instances of AutomaticWorkQueueImpl to the currently configured WorkQueueManager. The properties below are used to fill in the AutomaticWorkQueueImpl constructor parameters:

Expand
Table 3.5. AutomaticWorkQueueImpl Constructor Properties
PropertyDefault Value

cxf.queue.<queue-name>.maxQueueSize

256

cxf.queue.<queue-name>.initialThreads

0

cxf.queue.<queue-name>.highWaterMark

25

cxf.queue.<queue-name>.lowWaterMark

5

cxf.queue.<queue-name>.dequeueTimeout

120000

3.13.1.3. Policy Alternative Selector
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The Apache CXF policy engine supports different strategies to deal with policy alternatives. JBossWS integration currently defaults to the MaximalAlternativeSelector, but still allows for setting different selector implementation using the cxf.policy.alternativeSelector property in jboss-webservices.xml.

3.13.1.4. MBean Management
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Apache CXF allows you to manage its MBean objects that are installed into the JBoss EAP MBean server. You can enable this feature on a deployment basis through the cxf.management.enabled property in the jboss-webservices.xml file. You can also use the cxf.management.installResponseTimeInterceptors property to control installation of the CXF response time interceptors. These interceptors are added by default when enabling the MBean management, but it might not be required in some cases.

Example MBean Management in jboss-webservices.xml

<webservices xmlns="http://www.jboss.com/xml/ns/javaee" version="1.2">
  <property>
    <name>cxf.management.enabled</name>
    <value>true</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>cxf.management.installResponseTimeInterceptors</name>
    <value>false</value>
  </property>
</webservices>
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3.13.1.5. Schema Validation
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Apache CXF includes a feature for validating incoming and outgoing SOAP messages on both the client and the server side. The validation is performed against the relevant schema in the endpoint WSDL contract (server side) or the WSDL contract used for building up the service proxy (client side).

You can enable schema validation in any of the following ways:

  • In the JBoss EAP server configuration.

    For example, the management CLI command below enables schema validation for the default Standard-Endpoint-Config endpoint configuration. 

    /subsystem=webservices/endpoint-config=Standard-Endpoint-Config/property=schema-validation-enabled:add(value=true)
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  • In a predefined client or endpoint configuration file.

    You can associate any endpoint or client running in-container to a JBossWS predefined configuration by setting the schema-validation-enabled property to true in the referenced configuration file.

  • Programmatically on the client side.

    On the client side, you can enable schema validation programmatically. For example: 

    ((BindingProvider)proxy).getRequestContext().put("schema-validation-enabled", true);
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  • Using the @org.apache.cxf.annotations.SchemaValidation annotation on the server side.

    On the server side, you can use the @org.apache.cxf.annotations.SchemaValidation annotation. For example: 

    import javax.jws.WebService;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.SchemaValidation;

@WebService(...)
@SchemaValidation
public class ValidatingHelloImpl implements Hello {
   ...
}
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3.13.1.6. Apache CXF Interceptors
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The jboss-webservices.xml descriptor enables specifying the cxf.interceptors.in and cxf.interceptors.out properties. These properties allow to attach the declaring interceptors to the Bus instance that is created for serving the deployment.

Example jboss-webservices.xml

<?xml version="1.1" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<webservices
  xmlns="http://www.jboss.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  version="1.2"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.jboss.com/xml/ns/javaee">

  <property>
    <name>cxf.interceptors.in</name>
    <value>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.cxf.interceptors.BusInterceptor</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>cxf.interceptors.out</name>
    <value>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.cxf.interceptors.BusCounterInterceptor</value>
  </property>
</webservices>
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You can declare interceptors using one of the following approaches:

  • Annotation usage on endpoint classes, for example @org.apache.cxf.interceptor.InInterceptor or @org.apache.cxf.interceptor.OutInterceptor
  • Direct API usage on the client side through the org.apache.cxf.interceptor.InterceptorProvider interface
  • JBossWS descriptor usage

Because Spring integration is no longer supported in JBoss EAP, the JBossWS integration uses the jaxws-endpoint-config.xml descriptor file to avoid requiring modifications to the actual client or endpoint code. You can declare interceptors within predefined client and endpoint configurations by specifying a list of interceptor class names for the cxf.interceptors.in and cxf.interceptors.out properties.

Example jaxws-endpoint-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jaxws-config xmlns="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xsi:schemaLocation="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0 schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd">
  <endpoint-config>
    <config-name>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.cxf.interceptors.EndpointImpl</config-name>
    <property>
      <property-name>cxf.interceptors.in</property-name>
      <property-value>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.cxf.interceptors.EndpointInterceptor,org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.cxf.interceptors.FooInterceptor</property-value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <property-name>cxf.interceptors.out</property-name>
      <property-value>org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.cxf.interceptors.EndpointCounterInterceptor</property-value>
    </property>
  </endpoint-config>
</jaxws-config>
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Note

A new instance of each specified interceptor class will be added to the client or endpoint to which the configuration is assigned. The interceptor classes must have a no-argument constructor.

3.13.1.7. Apache CXF Features
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The jboss-webservices.xml descriptor allows specifying the cxf.features property. This property allows declaring features to be attached to any endpoint belonging to the Bus instance which is created for serving the deployment.

Example jboss-webservices.xml

<?xml version="1.1" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<webservices
  xmlns="http://www.jboss.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  version="1.2"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.jboss.com/xml/ns/javaee">

  <property>
    <name>cxf.features</name>
    <value>org.apache.cxf.feature.FastInfosetFeature</value>
  </property>
</webservices>
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You can declare features using one of the following approaches:

  • Annotation usage on endpoint classes, for example @org.apache.cxf.feature.Features
  • Direct API usage on client side through extensions of the org.apache.cxf.feature.AbstractFeature class
  • JBossWS descriptor usage

Since Spring integration is no longer supported in JBoss EAP, the JBossWS integration adds an additional descriptor, a jaxws-endpoint-config.xml file, based approach to avoid requiring modifications to the actual client or endpoint code. You can declare features within predefined client and endpoint configurations by specifying a list of feature class names for the cxf.features property.

Example jaxws-endpoint-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jaxws-config xmlns="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xsi:schemaLocation="urn:jboss:jbossws-jaxws-config:4.0 schema/jbossws-jaxws-config_4_0.xsd">
  <endpoint-config>
    <config-name>Custom FI Config</config-name>
    <property>
      <property-name>cxf.features</property-name>
      <property-value>org.apache.cxf.feature.FastInfosetFeature</property-value>
    </property>
  </endpoint-config>
</jaxws-config>
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Note

A new instance of each specified feature class will be added to the client or endpoint the configuration is assigned to. The feature classes must have a no-argument constructor.

3.13.1.8. Properties-Driven Bean Creation
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The Apache CXF Interceptors and Apache CXF Features sections explain how to declare CXF interceptors and features through properties either in a client or endpoint predefined configuration or in a jboss-webservices.xml descriptor. By only getting the feature or interceptor class name specified, the container tries to create a bean instance using the class default constructor. This sets a limitation on the feature or interceptor configuration, unless custom extensions of vanilla CXF classes are provided, with the default constructor setting properties before eventually using the super constructor.

To address this issue, JBossWS integration comes with a mechanism for configuring simple bean hierarchies when building them up from properties. Properties can have bean reference values which are strings starting with ##. Property reference keys are used to specify the bean class name and the value for each attribute.

So for instance the following properties result in the stack installing two feature instances:

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KeyValue

cxf.features

##foo, ##bar

##foo

org.jboss.Foo

##foo.par

34

##bar

org.jboss.Bar

##bar.color

blue

The same result can be created by the following code: 

import org.Bar;
import org.Foo;
...
Foo foo = new Foo();
foo.setPar(34);
Bar bar = new Bar();
bar.setColor("blue");
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This mechanism assumes that the classes are valid beans with proper getter() and setter() methods. Value objects are cast to the correct primitive type by inspecting the class definition. Nested beans can also be configured.

3.14. Advanced WS-Trust Scenarios
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3.14.1. Scenario: SAML Holder-Of-Key Assertion Scenario
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WS-Trust helps in managing software security tokens. A SAML assertion is a type of security token. In the Holder-Of-Key method, STS creates a SAML token containing the client’s public key and signs the SAML token with its private key. The client includes the SAML token and signs the outgoing soap envelope to the web service with its private key. The web service validates the SOAP message and SAML token.

Implementation of this scenario requires the following:

  • SAML tokens with a Holder-Of-Key subject confirmation method must be protected so the token cannot be snooped. In most cases, a Holder-Of-Key token combined with HTTPS is sufficient to prevent getting possession of the token. This means the security policy uses a sp:TransportBinding and sp:HttpsToken.
  • A Holder-Of-Key token has no encryption or signing keys associated with it, therefore a sp:IssuedToken of SymmetricKey or PublicKey keyType should be used with a sp:SignedEndorsingSupportingTokens.

3.14.1.1. Web Service Provider
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This section lists the web service elements for the SAML Holder-Of-Key scenario. The components include:

3.14.1.1.1. Web Service Provider WSDL
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The Web Service Provider is a contract-first endpoint. All WS-trust and security policies for it are declared in the HolderOfKeyService.wsdl WSDL. For this scenario, a ws-requester is required to provide a SAML 2.0 token of SymmetricKey keyType, issued from a designated STS. The STS address is provided in the WSDL. A transport binding policy is used. The token is declared to be signed and endorsed, sp:SignedEndorsingSupportingTokens.

A detailed explanation of the security settings are provided in the comments in the following listing: 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<definitions targetNamespace="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/holderofkeywssecuritypolicy"
             name="HolderOfKeyService"
        xmlns:tns="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/holderofkeywssecuritypolicy"
        xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
        xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
        xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
        xmlns:wsp="http://www.w3.org/ns/ws-policy"
        xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata"
    xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"
    xmlns:wsaws="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"
    xmlns:wsx="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/mex"
    xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702"
    xmlns:t="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512">

  <types>
    <xsd:schema>
      <xsd:import namespace="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/holderofkeywssecuritypolicy"
                  schemaLocation="HolderOfKeyService_schema1.xsd"/>
    </xsd:schema>
  </types>
  <message name="sayHello">
    <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHello"/>
  </message>
  <message name="sayHelloResponse">
    <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHelloResponse"/>
  </message>
  <portType name="HolderOfKeyIface">
    <operation name="sayHello">
      <input message="tns:sayHello"/>
      <output message="tns:sayHelloResponse"/>
    </operation>
  </portType>
<!--
        The wsp:PolicyReference binds the security requirements on all the endpoints.
        The wsp:Policy wsu:Id="#TransportSAML2HolderOfKeyPolicy" element is defined later in this file.
-->
  <binding name="HolderOfKeyServicePortBinding" type="tns:HolderOfKeyIface">
    <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#TransportSAML2HolderOfKeyPolicy" />
    <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document"/>
    <operation name="sayHello">
      <soap:operation soapAction=""/>
      <input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </input>
      <output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </output>
    </operation>
  </binding>
<!--
  The soap:address has been defined to use JBoss's https port, 8443.  This is
  set in conjunction with the sp:TransportBinding policy for https.
-->
  <service name="HolderOfKeyService">
    <port name="HolderOfKeyServicePort" binding="tns:HolderOfKeyServicePortBinding">
      <soap:address location="https://@jboss.bind.address@:8443/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-holderofkey/HolderOfKeyService"/>
    </port>
  </service>


  <wsp:Policy wsu:Id="TransportSAML2HolderOfKeyPolicy">
    <wsp:ExactlyOne>
      <wsp:All>
  <!--
        The wsam:Addressing element, indicates that the endpoints of this
        web service MUST conform to the WS-Addressing specification.  The
        attribute wsp:Optional="false" enforces this assertion.
  -->
        <wsam:Addressing wsp:Optional="false">
          <wsp:Policy />
        </wsam:Addressing>
<!--
  The sp:TransportBinding element indicates that security is provided by the
  message exchange transport medium, https.  WS-Security policy specification
  defines the sp:HttpsToken for use in exchanging messages transmitted over HTTPS.
-->
          <sp:TransportBinding
            xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
            <wsp:Policy>
              <sp:TransportToken>
                <wsp:Policy>
                  <sp:HttpsToken>
                    <wsp:Policy/>
                  </sp:HttpsToken>
                </wsp:Policy>
              </sp:TransportToken>
<!--
     The sp:AlgorithmSuite element, requires the TripleDes algorithm suite
     be used in performing cryptographic operations.
-->
              <sp:AlgorithmSuite>
                <wsp:Policy>
                  <sp:TripleDes />
                </wsp:Policy>
              </sp:AlgorithmSuite>
<!--
     The sp:Layout element,  indicates the layout rules to apply when adding
     items to the security header.  The sp:Lax sub-element indicates items
     are added to the security header in any order that conforms to
     WSS: SOAP Message Security.
-->
              <sp:Layout>
                <wsp:Policy>
                  <sp:Lax />
                </wsp:Policy>
              </sp:Layout>
              <sp:IncludeTimestamp />
            </wsp:Policy>
          </sp:TransportBinding>

<!--
  The sp:SignedEndorsingSupportingTokens, when transport level security level is
  used there will be no message signature and the signature generated by the
  supporting token will sign the Timestamp.
-->
        <sp:SignedEndorsingSupportingTokens
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <wsp:Policy>
<!--
  The sp:IssuedToken element asserts that a SAML 2.0 security token of type
  Bearer is expected from the STS.  The
  sp:IncludeToken="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702/IncludeToken/AlwaysToRecipient">
  attribute instructs the runtime to include the initiator's public key
  with every message sent to the recipient.

  The sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate element directs that all of the
  children of this element will be copied directly into the body of the
  RequestSecurityToken (RST) message that is sent to the STS when the
  initiator asks the STS to issue a token.
-->
            <sp:IssuedToken
              sp:IncludeToken="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702/IncludeToken/AlwaysToRecipient">
              <sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate>
                <t:TokenType>http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/oasis-wss-saml-token-profile-1.1#SAMLV2.0</t:TokenType>
 <!--
   KeyType of "SymmetricKey", the client must prove to the WS service that it
   possesses a particular symmetric session key.
 -->
                <t:KeyType>http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/SymmetricKey</t:KeyType>
              </sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate>
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:RequireInternalReference />
              </wsp:Policy>
<!--
  The sp:Issuer element defines the STS's address and endpoint information
  This information is used by the STSClient.
-->
              <sp:Issuer>
                <wsaws:Address>http://@jboss.bind.address@:8080/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-sts-holderofkey/SecurityTokenService</wsaws:Address>
                <wsaws:Metadata
                  xmlns:wsdli="http://www.w3.org/2006/01/wsdl-instance"
                  wsdli:wsdlLocation="http://@jboss.bind.address@:8080/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-sts-holderofkey/SecurityTokenService?wsdl">
                  <wsaw:ServiceName
                    xmlns:wsaw="http://www.w3.org/2006/05/addressing/wsdl"
                    xmlns:stsns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/"
                    EndpointName="UT_Port">stsns:SecurityTokenService</wsaw:ServiceName>
                </wsaws:Metadata>
              </sp:Issuer>

            </sp:IssuedToken>
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:SignedEndorsingSupportingTokens>
<!--
    The sp:Wss11 element declares WSS: SOAP Message Security 1.1 options
    to be supported by the STS.  These particular elements generally refer
    to how keys are referenced within the SOAP envelope.  These are normally handled by Apache CXF.
-->
        <sp:Wss11>
          <wsp:Policy>
            <sp:MustSupportRefIssuerSerial />
            <sp:MustSupportRefThumbprint />
            <sp:MustSupportRefEncryptedKey />
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:Wss11>
<!--
    The sp:Trust13 element declares controls for WS-Trust 1.3 options.
    They are policy assertions related to exchanges specifically with
    client and server challenges and entropy behaviors.  Again these are
    normally handled by Apache CXF.
-->
        <sp:Trust13>
          <wsp:Policy>
            <sp:MustSupportIssuedTokens />
            <sp:RequireClientEntropy />
            <sp:RequireServerEntropy />
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:Trust13>
      </wsp:All>
    </wsp:ExactlyOne>
  </wsp:Policy>

</definitions>
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3.14.1.1.2. SSL Configuration
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This web service uses HTTPS, therefore the JBoss EAP server must be configured to provide SSL/TLS support in the undertow subsystem. There are 2 components for SSL/TLS configuration:

  • Create a certificate keystore.
  • Declare an SSL connector in the undertow subsystem of the JBoss EAP server configuration file.

The following is an example of an SSL/TLS connector declaration: 

<subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:web:1.4" default-virtual-server="default-host" native="false">
.....
  <connector name="jbws-https-connector" protocol="HTTP/1.1" scheme="https" socket-binding="https" secure="true" enabled="true">
    <ssl key-alias="tomcat" password="changeit" certificate-key-file="/myJbossHome/security/test.keystore" verify-client="false"/>
  </connector>
...
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Warning

Red Hat recommends that SSLv2, SSLv3, and TLSv1.0 be explicitly disabled in favor of TLSv1.1 or TLSv1.2 in all affected packages.

3.14.1.1.3. Web Service Provider Interface
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The web service provider interface HolderOfKeyIface class is a simple web service definition. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.holderofkey;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
(
   targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/holderofkeywssecuritypolicy"
)
public interface HolderOfKeyIface {
   @WebMethod
   String sayHello();
}
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3.14.1.1.4. Web Service Provider Implementation
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The web service provider implementation HolderOfKeyImpl class is a simple POJO. It uses the standard WebService annotation to define the service endpoint. In addition there are two Apache CXF annotations, EndpointProperties and EndpointProperty used for configuring the endpoint for the Apache CXF runtime. These annotations come from the Apache WSS4J project, which provides a Java implementation of the primary WS-Security standards for web services. These annotations programmatically add properties to the endpoint. With plain Apache CXF, these properties are often set using the <jaxws:properties> element on the <jaxws:endpoint> element in the Spring configuration. These annotations allow the properties to be configured in the code.

WSS4J uses the Crypto interface to get keys and certificates for signature creation/verification, as asserted by the WSDL for this service. The WSS4J configuration information provided by HolderOfKeyImpl is for Crypto’s Merlin implementation.

The first EndpointProperty statement in the listing disables ensurance of compliance with the Basic Security Profile 1.1. The next EndpointProperty statements declares the Java properties file that contains the (Merlin) Crypto configuration information. The last EndpointProperty statement declares the STSHolderOfKeyCallbackHandler implementation class. It is used to obtain the user’s password for the certificates in the keystore file. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.holderofkey;

import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperty;

import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
   (
      portName = "HolderOfKeyServicePort",
      serviceName = "HolderOfKeyService",
      wsdlLocation = "WEB-INF/wsdl/HolderOfKeyService.wsdl",
      targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/holderofkeywssecuritypolicy",
      endpointInterface = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.holderofkey.HolderOfKeyIface"
   )
@EndpointProperties(value = {
   @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.is-bsp-compliant", value = "false"),
   @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.properties", value = "serviceKeystore.properties"),
   @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.callback-handler", value = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.holderofkey.HolderOfKeyCallbackHandler")
})
public class HolderOfKeyImpl implements HolderOfKeyIface {
   public String sayHello() {
      return "Holder-Of-Key WS-Trust Hello World!";
   }
}
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3.14.1.1.5. Crypto Properties and Keystore Files
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WSS4J’s Crypto implementation is loaded and configured using a Java properties file that contains Crypto configuration data. The file contains implementation-specific properties such as a keystore location, password, default alias and so on. This application uses the Merlin implementation. The serviceKeystore.properties file contains this information.

The servicestore.jks file is a Java KeyStore (JKS) repository. It contains self-signed certificates for myservicekey and mystskey. 

org.apache.ws.security.crypto.provider=org.apache.ws.security.components.crypto.Merlin
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.type=jks
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.password=sspass
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.alias=myservicekey
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.file=servicestore.jks
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3.14.1.1.6. Default MANIFEST.MF
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This application requires access to JBossWS and Apache CXF APIs provided in the org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client module. The dependency statement directs the server to provide them at deployment. 

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Dependencies: org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client
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3.14.2. Scenario: SAML Bearer Assertion
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WS-Trust manages software security tokens. A SAML assertion is a type of security token. In the SAML Bearer scenario, the service provider automatically trusts that the incoming SOAP request came from the subject defined in the SAML token after the service verifies the token’s signature.

Implementation of this scenario has the following requirements.

  • SAML tokens with a Bearer subject confirmation method must be protected so the token can not be snooped. In most cases, a bearer token combined with HTTPS is sufficient to prevent "a man in the middle" getting possession of the token. This means a security policy that uses a sp:TransportBinding and sp:HttpsToken.
  • A bearer token has no encryption or signing keys associated with it, therefore a sp:IssuedToken of bearer keyType should be used with a sp:SupportingToken or a sp:SignedSupportingTokens.

3.14.2.1. Web Service Provider
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This section examines the web service elements for the SAML Bearer scenario. The components include:

3.14.2.1.1. Bearer Web Service Provider WSDL
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The web service provider is a contract-first endpoint. All the WS-trust and security policies for it are declared in the BearerService.wsdl WSDL. For this scenario, a ws-requester is required to provide a SAML 2.0 Bearer token issued from a designated STS. The address of the STS is provided in the WSDL. HTTPS, a TransportBinding and HttpsToken policy are used to protect the SOAP body of messages that are sent between ws-requester and ws-provider. The security settings details are provided as comments in the following listing. 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<definitions targetNamespace="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/bearerwssecuritypolicy"
             name="BearerService"
             xmlns:tns="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/bearerwssecuritypolicy"
             xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
             xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
             xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
             xmlns:wsp="http://www.w3.org/ns/ws-policy"
             xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata"
             xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"
             xmlns:wsaws="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"
             xmlns:wsx="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/mex"
             xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702"
             xmlns:t="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512">

  <types>
    <xsd:schema>
      <xsd:import namespace="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/bearerwssecuritypolicy"
                  schemaLocation="BearerService_schema1.xsd"/>
    </xsd:schema>
  </types>
  <message name="sayHello">
    <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHello"/>
  </message>
  <message name="sayHelloResponse">
    <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHelloResponse"/>
  </message>
  <portType name="BearerIface">
    <operation name="sayHello">
      <input message="tns:sayHello"/>
      <output message="tns:sayHelloResponse"/>
    </operation>
  </portType>

<!--
        The wsp:PolicyReference binds the security requirments on all the endpoints.
        The wsp:Policy wsu:Id="#TransportSAML2BearerPolicy" element is defined later in this file.
-->
  <binding name="BearerServicePortBinding" type="tns:BearerIface">
    <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#TransportSAML2BearerPolicy" />
    <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document"/>
    <operation name="sayHello">
      <soap:operation soapAction=""/>
      <input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </input>
      <output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </output>
    </operation>
  </binding>

<!--
  The soap:address has been defined to use JBoss's https port, 8443.  This is
  set in conjunction with the sp:TransportBinding policy for https.
-->
  <service name="BearerService">
    <port name="BearerServicePort" binding="tns:BearerServicePortBinding">
      <soap:address location="https://@jboss.bind.address@:8443/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-bearer/BearerService"/>
    </port>
  </service>


  <wsp:Policy wsu:Id="TransportSAML2BearerPolicy">
    <wsp:ExactlyOne>
      <wsp:All>
  <!--
        The wsam:Addressing element, indicates that the endpoints of this
        web service MUST conform to the WS-Addressing specification.  The
        attribute wsp:Optional="false" enforces this assertion.
  -->
        <wsam:Addressing wsp:Optional="false">
          <wsp:Policy />
        </wsam:Addressing>

<!--
  The sp:TransportBinding element indicates that security is provided by the
  message exchange transport medium, https.  WS-Security policy specification
  defines the sp:HttpsToken for use in exchanging messages transmitted over HTTPS.
-->
        <sp:TransportBinding
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <wsp:Policy>
            <sp:TransportToken>
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:HttpsToken>
                  <wsp:Policy/>
                </sp:HttpsToken>
              </wsp:Policy>
            </sp:TransportToken>
<!--
     The sp:AlgorithmSuite element, requires the TripleDes algorithm suite
     be used in performing cryptographic operations.
-->
            <sp:AlgorithmSuite>
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:TripleDes />
              </wsp:Policy>
            </sp:AlgorithmSuite>
<!--
     The sp:Layout element,  indicates the layout rules to apply when adding
     items to the security header.  The sp:Lax sub-element indicates items
     are added to the security header in any order that conforms to
     WSS: SOAP Message Security.
-->
            <sp:Layout>
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:Lax />
              </wsp:Policy>
            </sp:Layout>
            <sp:IncludeTimestamp />
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:TransportBinding>

<!--
  The sp:SignedSupportingTokens element causes the supporting tokens
  to be signed using the primary token that is used to sign the message.
-->
        <sp:SignedSupportingTokens
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <wsp:Policy>
<!--
  The sp:IssuedToken element asserts that a SAML 2.0 security token of type
  Bearer is expected from the STS.  The
  sp:IncludeToken="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702/IncludeToken/AlwaysToRecipient">
  attribute instructs the runtime to include the initiator's public key
  with every message sent to the recipient.

  The sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate element directs that all of the
  children of this element will be copied directly into the body of the
  RequestSecurityToken (RST) message that is sent to the STS when the
  initiator asks the STS to issue a token.
-->
            <sp:IssuedToken
              sp:IncludeToken="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702/IncludeToken/AlwaysToRecipient">
              <sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate>
                <t:TokenType>http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/oasis-wss-saml-token-profile-1.1#SAMLV2.0</t:TokenType>
                <t:KeyType>http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/Bearer</t:KeyType>
              </sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate>
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:RequireInternalReference />
              </wsp:Policy>
<!--
  The sp:Issuer element defines the STS's address and endpoint information
  This information is used by the STSClient.
-->
              <sp:Issuer>
                <wsaws:Address>http://@jboss.bind.address@:8080/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-sts-bearer/SecurityTokenService</wsaws:Address>
                <wsaws:Metadata
                  xmlns:wsdli="http://www.w3.org/2006/01/wsdl-instance"
                  wsdli:wsdlLocation="http://@jboss.bind.address@:8080/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-sts-bearer/SecurityTokenService?wsdl">
                  <wsaw:ServiceName
                    xmlns:wsaw="http://www.w3.org/2006/05/addressing/wsdl"
                    xmlns:stsns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/"
                    EndpointName="UT_Port">stsns:SecurityTokenService</wsaw:ServiceName>
                </wsaws:Metadata>
              </sp:Issuer>

            </sp:IssuedToken>
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:SignedSupportingTokens>
<!--
    The sp:Wss11 element declares WSS: SOAP Message Security 1.1 options
    to be supported by the STS.  These particular elements generally refer
    to how keys are referenced within the SOAP envelope.  These are normally handled by Apache CXF.
-->
        <sp:Wss11>
          <wsp:Policy>
            <sp:MustSupportRefIssuerSerial />
            <sp:MustSupportRefThumbprint />
            <sp:MustSupportRefEncryptedKey />
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:Wss11>
<!--
    The sp:Trust13 element declares controls for WS-Trust 1.3 options.
    They are policy assertions related to exchanges specifically with
    client and server challenges and entropy behaviors.  Again these are
    normally handled by Apache CXF.
-->
        <sp:Trust13>
          <wsp:Policy>
            <sp:MustSupportIssuedTokens />
            <sp:RequireClientEntropy />
            <sp:RequireServerEntropy />
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:Trust13>
      </wsp:All>
    </wsp:ExactlyOne>
  </wsp:Policy>

</definitions>
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3.14.2.1.2. SSL Configuration
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This web service is using HTTPS, therefore the JBoss EAP server must be configured to provide SSL support in the undertow subsystem. There are 2 components to SSL configuration:

  • Create a certificate keystore.
  • Declare an SSL connector in the undertow subsystem of the JBoss EAP server configuration file.

Here is an example of an SSL connector declaration: 

<subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:web:1.4" default-virtual-server="default-host" native="false">
  .....
  <connector name="jbws-https-connector" protocol="HTTP/1.1" scheme="https" socket-binding="https" secure="true" enabled="true">
    <ssl key-alias="tomcat" password="changeit" certificate-key-file="/myJbossHome/security/test.keystore" verify-client="false"/>
  </connector>
  ...
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Warning

Red Hat recommends that SSLv2, SSLv3, and TLSv1.0 be explicitly disabled in favor of TLSv1.1 or TLSv1.2 in all affected packages.

3.14.2.1.3. Bearer Web Service Providers Interface
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The BearerIface Bearer Web Service Provider Interface class is a simple web service definition. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.bearer;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
(
   targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/bearerwssecuritypolicy"
)
public interface BearerIface {
   @WebMethod
   String sayHello();
}
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3.14.2.1.4. Bearer Web Service Providers Implementation
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The BearerImpl Web Service Provider Implementation class is a simple POJO. It uses the standard WebService annotation to define the service endpoint. In addition there are two Apache CXF annotations, EndpointProperties and EndpointProperty used for configuring the endpoint for the Apache CXF runtime. These annotations come from the Apache WSS4J project, which provides a Java implementation of the primary WS-Security standards for web services. These annotations are programmatically adding properties to the endpoint. With plain Apache CXF, these properties are often set using the <jaxws:properties> element on the <jaxws:endpoint> element in the Spring configuration. These annotations allow the properties to be configured in the code.

WSS4J uses the Crypto interface to get keys and certificates for signature creation/verification, as asserted by the WSDL for this service. The WSS4J configuration information being provided by BearerImpl is for Crypto’s Merlin implementation.

Because the web service provider automatically trusts that the incoming SOAP request that came from the subject defined in the SAML token, it is not required for a Crypto CallbackHandler class or a signature username, unlike in prior examples. However, in order to verify the message signature, the Java properties file that contains the (Merlin) Crypto configuration information is still required. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.bearer;

import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperty;

import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
(
   portName = "BearerServicePort",
   serviceName = "BearerService",
   wsdlLocation = "WEB-INF/wsdl/BearerService.wsdl",
   targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/bearerwssecuritypolicy",
   endpointInterface = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.bearer.BearerIface"
)
@EndpointProperties(value = {
   @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.properties", value = "serviceKeystore.properties")
})
public class BearerImpl implements BearerIface {
   public String sayHello() {
      return "Bearer WS-Trust Hello World!";
   }
}
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3.14.2.1.5. Crypto Properties and Keystore Files
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WSS4J’s Crypto implementation is loaded and configured using a Java properties file that contains Crypto configuration data. The file contains implementation-specific properties such as a keystore location, password, default alias and so on. This application is using the Merlin implementation. The serviceKeystore.properties file contains this information.

The servicestore.jks file is a Java KeyStore (JKS) repository. It contains self-signed certificates for myservicekey and mystskey.

Note

Self-signed certificates are not appropriate for production use. 

org.apache.ws.security.crypto.provider=org.apache.ws.security.components.crypto.Merlin
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.type=jks
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.password=sspass
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.alias=myservicekey
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.file=servicestore.jks
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3.14.2.1.6. Default MANIFEST.MF
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When deployed, this application requires access to the JBossWS and Apache CXF APIs provided in module org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client. The dependency statement directs the server to provide them at deployment. 

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Dependencies: org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client
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3.14.2.2. Bearer Security Token Service
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This section lists the crucial elements in providing the Security Token Service functionality for providing a SAML Bearer token. The components include:

3.14.2.2.1. Security Domain
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STS requires a JBoss security domain be configured. The jboss-web.xml descriptor declares a named security domain,JBossWS-trust-sts to be used by this service for authentication. This security domain requires two properties files and the addition of a security domain declaration in the JBoss EAP server configuration file.

For this scenario the domain needs to contain user alice, password clarinet, and role friend. Refer the following listings for jbossws-users.properties and jbossws-roles.properties. In addition the following XML must be added to the JBoss security subsystem in the server configuration file.

Note

Replace "SOME_PATH" with appropriate information. 

<security-domain name="JBossWS-trust-sts">
  <authentication>
    <login-module code="UsersRoles" flag="required">
      <module-option name="usersProperties" value="/SOME_PATH/jbossws-users.properties"/>
      <module-option name="unauthenticatedIdentity" value="anonymous"/>
      <module-option name="rolesProperties" value="/SOME_PATH/jbossws-roles.properties"/>
    </login-module>
  </authentication>
</security-domain>
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jboss-web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE jboss-web PUBLIC "-//JBoss//DTD Web Application 2.4//EN" ">
<jboss-web>
  <security-domain>java:/jaas/JBossWS-trust-sts</security-domain>
</jboss-web>
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jbossws-users.properties

# A sample users.properties file for use with the UsersRolesLoginModule
alice=clarinet
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jbossws-roles.properties

# A sample roles.properties file for use with the UsersRolesLoginModule
alice=friend
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3.14.2.2.2. STS WSDL
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<wsdl:definitions
  targetNamespace="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/"
  xmlns:tns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/"
  xmlns:wstrust="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/"
  xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
  xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
  xmlns:wsap10="http://www.w3.org/2006/05/addressing/wsdl"
  xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"
  xmlns:wsp="http://www.w3.org/ns/ws-policy"
  xmlns:wst="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512"
  xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
  xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata">

  <wsdl:types>
    <xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified"
               targetNamespace='http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512'>

      <xs:element name='RequestSecurityToken'
                  type='wst:AbstractRequestSecurityTokenType'/>
      <xs:element name='RequestSecurityTokenResponse'
                  type='wst:AbstractRequestSecurityTokenType'/>

      <xs:complexType name='AbstractRequestSecurityTokenType'>
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:any namespace='##any' processContents='lax' minOccurs='0'
                  maxOccurs='unbounded'/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name='Context' type='xs:anyURI' use='optional'/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace='##other' processContents='lax'/>
      </xs:complexType>
      <xs:element name='RequestSecurityTokenCollection'
                  type='wst:RequestSecurityTokenCollectionType'/>
      <xs:complexType name='RequestSecurityTokenCollectionType'>
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element name='RequestSecurityToken'
                      type='wst:AbstractRequestSecurityTokenType' minOccurs='2'
                      maxOccurs='unbounded'/>
        </xs:sequence>
      </xs:complexType>

      <xs:element name='RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollection'
                  type='wst:RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType'/>
      <xs:complexType name='RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType'>
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref='wst:RequestSecurityTokenResponse' minOccurs='1'
                      maxOccurs='unbounded'/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace='##other' processContents='lax'/>
      </xs:complexType>

    </xs:schema>
  </wsdl:types>

  <!-- WS-Trust defines the following GEDs -->
  <wsdl:message name="RequestSecurityTokenMsg">
    <wsdl:part name="request" element="wst:RequestSecurityToken"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="RequestSecurityTokenResponseMsg">
    <wsdl:part name="response"
               element="wst:RequestSecurityTokenResponse"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="RequestSecurityTokenCollectionMsg">
    <wsdl:part name="requestCollection"
               element="wst:RequestSecurityTokenCollection"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionMsg">
    <wsdl:part name="responseCollection"
               element="wst:RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollection"/>
  </wsdl:message>

  <!-- This portType an example of a Requestor (or other) endpoint that
  Accepts SOAP-based challenges from a Security Token Service -->
  <wsdl:portType name="WSSecurityRequestor">
    <wsdl:operation name="Challenge">
      <wsdl:input message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseMsg"/>
      <wsdl:output message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseMsg"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:portType>

  <!-- This portType is an example of an STS supporting full protocol -->
  <!--
      The wsdl:portType and data types are XML elements defined by the
      WS_Trust specification.  The wsdl:portType defines the endpoints
      supported in the STS implementation.  This WSDL defines all operations
      that an STS implementation can support.
  -->
  <wsdl:portType name="STS">
    <wsdl:operation name="Cancel">
      <wsdl:input
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/Cancel"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenMsg"/>
      <wsdl:output
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RSTR/CancelFinal"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseMsg"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="Issue">
      <wsdl:input
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/Issue"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenMsg"/>
      <wsdl:output
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RSTRC/IssueFinal"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionMsg"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="Renew">
      <wsdl:input
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/Renew"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenMsg"/>
      <wsdl:output
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RSTR/RenewFinal"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseMsg"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="Validate">
      <wsdl:input
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/Validate"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenMsg"/>
      <wsdl:output
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RSTR/ValidateFinal"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseMsg"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="KeyExchangeToken">
      <wsdl:input
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/KET"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenMsg"/>
      <wsdl:output
        wsam:Action="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RSTR/KETFinal"
        message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseMsg"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="RequestCollection">
      <wsdl:input message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenCollectionMsg"/>
      <wsdl:output message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionMsg"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:portType>

  <!-- This portType is an example of an endpoint that accepts
  Unsolicited RequestSecurityTokenResponse messages -->
  <wsdl:portType name="SecurityTokenResponseService">
    <wsdl:operation name="RequestSecurityTokenResponse">
      <wsdl:input message="tns:RequestSecurityTokenResponseMsg"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:portType>

  <!--
      The wsp:PolicyReference binds the security requirments on all the STS endpoints.
      The wsp:Policy wsu:Id="UT_policy" element is later in this file.
  -->
  <wsdl:binding name="UT_Binding" type="wstrust:STS">
    <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#UT_policy"/>
    <soap:binding style="document"
                  transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <wsdl:operation name="Issue">
      <soap:operation
        soapAction="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/Issue"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <wsp:PolicyReference
          URI="#Input_policy"/>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <wsp:PolicyReference
          URI="#Output_policy"/>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="Validate">
      <soap:operation
        soapAction="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/Validate"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <wsp:PolicyReference
          URI="#Input_policy"/>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <wsp:PolicyReference
          URI="#Output_policy"/>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="Cancel">
      <soap:operation
        soapAction="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/Cancel"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="Renew">
      <soap:operation
        soapAction="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/Renew"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="KeyExchangeToken">
      <soap:operation
        soapAction="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/KeyExchangeToken"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="RequestCollection">
      <soap:operation
        soapAction="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/RST/RequestCollection"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:binding>

  <wsdl:service name="SecurityTokenService">
    <wsdl:port name="UT_Port" binding="tns:UT_Binding">
      <soap:address location="http://localhost:8080/SecurityTokenService/UT"/>
    </wsdl:port>
  </wsdl:service>


  <wsp:Policy wsu:Id="UT_policy">
    <wsp:ExactlyOne>
      <wsp:All>
        <!--
            The sp:UsingAddressing element, indicates that the endpoints of this
            web service conforms to the WS-Addressing specification.  More detail
            can be found here: [http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/CR-ws-addr-wsdl-20060529]
        -->
        <wsap10:UsingAddressing/>
        <!--
            The sp:SymmetricBinding element indicates that security is provided
            at the SOAP layer and any initiator must authenticate itself by providing
            WSS UsernameToken credentials.
        -->
        <sp:SymmetricBinding
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <wsp:Policy>
            <!--
                In a symmetric binding, the keys used for encrypting and signing in both
                directions are derived from a single key, the one specified by the
                sp:ProtectionToken element.  The sp:X509Token sub-element declares this
                key to be a X.509 certificate and the
                IncludeToken="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702/IncludeToken/Never"
                attribute adds the requirement that the token MUST NOT be included in
                any messages sent between the initiator and the recipient; rather, an
                external reference to the token should be used.  Lastly the WssX509V3Token10
                sub-element declares that the Username token presented by the initiator
                should be compliant with Web Services Security UsernameToken Profile
                1.0 specification. [ http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0.pdf ]
            -->
            <sp:ProtectionToken>
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:X509Token
                  sp:IncludeToken="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702/IncludeToken/Never">
                  <wsp:Policy>
                    <sp:RequireDerivedKeys/>
                    <sp:RequireThumbprintReference/>
                    <sp:WssX509V3Token10/>
                  </wsp:Policy>
                </sp:X509Token>
              </wsp:Policy>
            </sp:ProtectionToken>
            <!--
                The sp:AlgorithmSuite element, requires the Basic256 algorithm suite
                be used in performing cryptographic operations.
            -->
            <sp:AlgorithmSuite>
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:Basic256/>
              </wsp:Policy>
            </sp:AlgorithmSuite>
            <!--
                The sp:Layout element,  indicates the layout rules to apply when adding
                items to the security header.  The sp:Lax sub-element indicates items
                are added to the security header in any order that conforms to
                WSS: SOAP Message Security.
            -->
            <sp:Layout>
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:Lax/>
              </wsp:Policy>
            </sp:Layout>
            <sp:IncludeTimestamp/>
            <sp:EncryptSignature/>
            <sp:OnlySignEntireHeadersAndBody/>
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:SymmetricBinding>

        <!--
            The sp:SignedSupportingTokens element declares that the security header
            of messages must contain a sp:UsernameToken and the token must be signed.
            The attribute IncludeToken="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702/IncludeToken/AlwaysToRecipient"
            on sp:UsernameToken indicates that the token MUST be included in all
            messages sent from initiator to the recipient and that the token MUST
            NOT be included in messages sent from the recipient to the initiator.
            And finally the element sp:WssUsernameToken10 is a policy assertion
            indicating the Username token should be as defined in  Web Services
            Security UsernameToken Profile 1.0
        -->
        <sp:SignedSupportingTokens
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <wsp:Policy>
            <sp:UsernameToken
              sp:IncludeToken="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702/IncludeToken/AlwaysToRecipient">
              <wsp:Policy>
                <sp:WssUsernameToken10/>
              </wsp:Policy>
            </sp:UsernameToken>
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:SignedSupportingTokens>
        <!--
            The sp:Wss11 element declares WSS: SOAP Message Security 1.1 options
            to be supported by the STS.  These particular elements generally refer
            to how keys are referenced within the SOAP envelope.  These are normally
            handled by Apache CXF.
        -->
        <sp:Wss11
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <wsp:Policy>
            <sp:MustSupportRefKeyIdentifier/>
            <sp:MustSupportRefIssuerSerial/>
            <sp:MustSupportRefThumbprint/>
            <sp:MustSupportRefEncryptedKey/>
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:Wss11>
        <!--
            The sp:Trust13 element declares controls for WS-Trust 1.3 options.
            They are policy assertions related to exchanges specifically with
            client and server challenges and entropy behaviors.  Again these are
            normally handled by Apache CXF.
        -->
        <sp:Trust13
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <wsp:Policy>
            <sp:MustSupportIssuedTokens/>
            <sp:RequireClientEntropy/>
            <sp:RequireServerEntropy/>
          </wsp:Policy>
        </sp:Trust13>
      </wsp:All>
    </wsp:ExactlyOne>
  </wsp:Policy>

  <wsp:Policy wsu:Id="Input_policy">
    <wsp:ExactlyOne>
      <wsp:All>
        <sp:SignedParts
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <sp:Body/>
          <sp:Header Name="To"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="From"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="FaultTo"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="ReplyTo"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="MessageID"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="RelatesTo"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="Action"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
        </sp:SignedParts>
      </wsp:All>
    </wsp:ExactlyOne>
  </wsp:Policy>

  <wsp:Policy wsu:Id="Output_policy">
    <wsp:ExactlyOne>
      <wsp:All>
        <sp:SignedParts
          xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702">
          <sp:Body/>
          <sp:Header Name="To"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="From"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="FaultTo"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="ReplyTo"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="MessageID"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="RelatesTo"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
          <sp:Header Name="Action"
                     Namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"/>
        </sp:SignedParts>
      </wsp:All>
    </wsp:ExactlyOne>
  </wsp:Policy>

</wsdl:definitions>
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3.14.2.2.3. STS Implementation Class
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The Apache CXF’s STS, SecurityTokenServiceProvider, is a web service provider that is compliant with the protocols and functionality defined by the WS-Trust specification. It has a modular architecture and its components are configurable or replaceable. There are optional features that are enabled by implementing and configuring plugins. You can customize your own STS by extending from SecurityTokenServiceProvider and overriding the default settings.

The SampleSTSBearer STS implementation class is a POJO that extends from SecurityTokenServiceProvider.

Note

The SampleSTSBearer class is defined with a WebServiceProvider annotation and not a WebService annotation. This annotation defines the service as a Provider-based endpoint, it supports a messaging-oriented approach to web services. In particular, it signals that the exchanged messages will be XML documents. SecurityTokenServiceProvider is an implementation of the javax.xml.ws.Provider interface. In comparison the WebService annotation defines a service endpoint interface-based endpoint, which supports message exchange using SOAP envelopes.

As done in the BearerImpl class, the WSS4J annotations EndpointProperties and EndpointProperty provide endpoint configuration for the Apache CXF runtime. The first EndpointProperty statement in the listing is declaring the user’s name to use for the message signature. It is used as the alias name in the keystore to get the user’s certificate and private key for signature. The next two EndpointProperty statements declare the Java properties file that contains the (Merlin) Crypto configuration information. In this case both for signing and encrypting the messages. WSS4J reads this file and required information for message handling. The last EndpointProperty statement declares the STSBearerCallbackHandler implementation class. It is used to obtain the user’s password for the certificates in the keystore file.

In this implementation we are customizing the operations of token issuance, token validation, and their static properties.

StaticSTSProperties is used to set select properties for configuring resources in STS. This may seem like duplication of the settings made with the WSS4J annotations. The values are the same but the underlaying structures being set are different, thus this information must be declared in both places.

The setIssuer setting is important because it uniquely identifies the issuing STS. The issuer string is embedded in issued tokens and, when validating tokens, the STS checks the issuer string value. Consequently, it is important to use the issuer string in a consistent way, so that the STS can recognize the tokens that are issued.

The setEndpoints call allows the declaration of a set of allowed token recipients by address. The addresses are specified as reg-ex patterns.

TokenIssueOperation has a modular structure. This allows custom behaviors to be injected into the processing of messages. In this case we are overriding the SecurityTokenServiceProvider default behavior and performing SAML token processing. Apache CXF provides an implementation of a SAMLTokenProvider, which can be used rather than creating one. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.stsbearer;

import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperty;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.StaticSTSProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.operation.TokenIssueOperation;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.service.ServiceMBean;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.service.StaticService;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.token.provider.SAMLTokenProvider;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.SecurityTokenServiceProvider;

import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceProvider;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;

@WebServiceProvider(serviceName = "SecurityTokenService",
      portName = "UT_Port",
      targetNamespace = "http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/",
      wsdlLocation = "WEB-INF/wsdl/bearer-ws-trust-1.4-service.wsdl")
//dependency on org.apache.cxf module or on module that exports org.apache.cxf (e.g. org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client) is needed, otherwise Apache CXF annotations are ignored
@EndpointProperties(value = {
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.username", value = "mystskey"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.properties", value = "stsKeystore.properties"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.callback-handler", value = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.stsbearer.STSBearerCallbackHandler")
})
public class SampleSTSBearer extends SecurityTokenServiceProvider {

   public SampleSTSBearer() throws Exception {
      super();

      StaticSTSProperties props = new StaticSTSProperties();
      props.setSignatureCryptoProperties("stsKeystore.properties");
      props.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
      props.setCallbackHandlerClass(STSBearerCallbackHandler.class.getName());
      props.setEncryptionCryptoProperties("stsKeystore.properties");
      props.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
      props.setIssuer("DoubleItSTSIssuer");

      List<ServiceMBean> services = new LinkedList<ServiceMBean>();
      StaticService service = new StaticService();
      service.setEndpoints(Arrays.asList(
         "https://localhost:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-bearer/BearerService",
         "https://\\[::1\\]:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-bearer/BearerService",
         "https://\\[0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1\\]:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-bearer/BearerService"
      ));
      services.add(service);

      TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
      issueOperation.getTokenProviders().add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
      issueOperation.setServices(services);
      issueOperation.setStsProperties(props);
      this.setIssueOperation(issueOperation);
   }
}
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3.14.2.2.4. STSBearerCallbackHandler Class
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STSBearerCallbackHandler is a callback handler for the WSS4J Crypto API. It is used to obtain the password for the private key in the keystore. This class enables Apache CXF to retrieve the password of the user name to use for the message signature. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.stsbearer;

import org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.extensions.security.PasswordCallbackHandler;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class STSBearerCallbackHandler extends PasswordCallbackHandler {
   public STSBearerCallbackHandler() {
      super(getInitMap());
   }

   private static Map<String, String> getInitMap() {
      Map<String, String> passwords = new HashMap<String, String>();
      passwords.put("mystskey", "stskpass");
      passwords.put("alice", "clarinet");
      return passwords;
   }
}
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3.14.2.2.5. Crypto Properties and Keystore Files
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WSS4J’s Crypto implementation is loaded and configured using a Java properties file that contains Crypto configuration data. The file contains implementation-specific properties such as a keystore location, password, default alias and so on. This application is using the Merlin implementation. The stsKeystore.properties file contains this information.

The servicestore.jks file is a Java KeyStore (JKS) repository. It contains self-signed certificates for myservicekey and mystskey.

Note

Self-signed certificates are not appropriate for production use. 

org.apache.ws.security.crypto.provider=org.apache.ws.security.components.crypto.Merlin
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.type=jks
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.password=stsspass
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.file=stsstore.jks
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3.14.2.2.6. Default MANIFEST.MF
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This application requires access to the JBossWS and Apache CXF APIs provided in the org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client module. The org.jboss.ws.cxf.sts module is also needed to build the STS configuration in the SampleSTS constructor. The dependency statement directs the server to provide them at deployment. 

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Dependencies: org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client,org.jboss.ws.cxf.sts
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3.14.2.3. Web Service Requester
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This section provides the details of crucial elements in calling a web service that implements endpoint security as described in the SAML Bearer scenario. The components that will be discussed include:

3.14.2.3.1. Web Service Requester Implementation
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The ws-requester, the client, uses standard procedures for creating a reference to the web service. To address the endpoint security requirements, the web service’s "Request Context" is configured with the information required for message generation. In addition, the STSClient that communicates with the STS is configured with similar values.

Note

The key strings ending with a .it suffix flags these settings as belonging to the STSClient. The internal Apache CXF code assigns this information to the STSClient that is auto-generated for this service call.

There is an alternate method of setting up the STSCLient. The user may provide their own instance of the STSClient. The Apache CXF code uses this object and does not auto-generate one. When providing the STSClient in this way, the user must provide a org.apache.cxf.Bus for it and the configuration keys must not have the .it suffix. This is used in the ActAs and OnBehalfOf examples. 

String serviceURL = "https://" + getServerHost() + ":8443/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-bearer/BearerService";

final QName serviceName = new QName("http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/bearerwssecuritypolicy", "BearerService");
Service service = Service.create(new URL(serviceURL + "?wsdl"), serviceName);
BearerIface proxy = (BearerIface) service.getPort(BearerIface.class);

Map<String, Object> ctx = ((BindingProvider)proxy).getRequestContext();

// set the security related configuration information for the service "request"
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.CALLBACK_HANDLER, new ClientCallbackHandler());
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_PROPERTIES,
  Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
  "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_PROPERTIES,
  Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
  "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_USERNAME, "myclientkey");
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "myservicekey");

//-- Configuration settings that will be transfered to the STSClient
// "alice" is the name provided for the WSS Username. Her password will
// be retreived from the ClientCallbackHander by the STSClient.
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.USERNAME + ".it", "alice");
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.CALLBACK_HANDLER + ".it", new ClientCallbackHandler());
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_PROPERTIES + ".it",
  Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
  "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME + ".it", "mystskey");
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USERNAME + ".it", "myclientkey");
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_PROPERTIES + ".it",
  Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
  "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
ctx.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USE_CERT_FOR_KEYINFO + ".it", "true");

proxy.sayHello();
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3.14.2.3.2. ClientCallbackHandler
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ClientCallbackHandler is a callback handler for the WSS4J Crypto API. It is used to obtain the password for the private key in the keystore. This class enables Apache CXF to retrieve the password of the user name to use for the message signature.

Note

The user alice and password have been provided here. This information is not in the (JKS) keystore but provided in the security domain. It is declared in jbossws-users.properties file. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.shared;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.security.auth.callback.Callback;
import javax.security.auth.callback.CallbackHandler;
import javax.security.auth.callback.UnsupportedCallbackException;
import org.apache.ws.security.WSPasswordCallback;

public class ClientCallbackHandler implements CallbackHandler {

    public void handle(Callback[] callbacks) throws IOException,
            UnsupportedCallbackException {
        for (int i = 0; i < callbacks.length; i++) {
            if (callbacks[i] instanceof WSPasswordCallback) {
                WSPasswordCallback pc = (WSPasswordCallback) callbacks[i];
                if ("myclientkey".equals(pc.getIdentifier())) {
                    pc.setPassword("ckpass");
                    break;
                } else if ("alice".equals(pc.getIdentifier())) {
                    pc.setPassword("clarinet");
                    break;
                } else if ("bob".equals(pc.getIdentifier())) {
                    pc.setPassword("trombone");
                    break;
                } else if ("myservicekey".equals(pc.getIdentifier())) {  // rls test  added for bearer test
                   pc.setPassword("skpass");
                   break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
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3.14.2.3.3. Crypto Properties and Keystore Files
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WSS4J’s Crypto implementation is loaded and configured using a Java properties file that contains Crypto configuration data. The file contains implementation-specific properties such as a keystore location, password, default alias and so on. This application is using the Merlin implementation. The clientKeystore.properties file contains this information.

The clientstore.jks file is a Java KeyStore (JKS) repository. It contains self-signed certificates for myservicekey and mystskey.

Note

Self-signed certificates are not appropriate for production use. 

org.apache.ws.security.crypto.provider=org.apache.ws.security.components.crypto.Merlin
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.type=jks
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.password=cspass
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.alias=myclientkey
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.file=META-INF/clientstore.jks
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3.14.3. Scenario: OnBehalfOf WS-Trust
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The OnBehalfOf feature is used in scenarios that use the proxy pattern. In such scenarios, the client cannot access the STS directly, instead it communicates through a proxy gateway. The proxy gateway authenticates the caller and puts information about the caller into the OnBehalfOf element of the RequestSecurityToken (RST) sent to the real STS for processing. The resulting token contains only claims related to the client of the proxy, making the proxy completely transparent to the receiver of the issued token.

OnBehalfOf is nothing more than a new sub-element in the RST. It provides additional information about the original caller when a token is negotiated with the STS. The OnBehalfOf element usually takes the form of a token with identity claims such as name, role, and authorization code, for the client to access the service.

The OnBehalfOf scenario is an extension of the basic WS-Trust scenario. In this example the OnBehalfOf service calls the ws-service on behalf of a user. There are only a couple of additions to the basic scenario’s code. An OnBehalfOf web service provider and callback handler have been added. The OnBehalfOf web services' WSDL imposes the same security policies as the ws-provider. UsernameTokenCallbackHandler is a utility shared with ActAs. It generates the content for the OnBehalfOf element. Lastly, there are code additions in the STS that both OnBehalfOf and ActAs share in common.

3.14.3.1. Web Service Provider
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This section provides the web service elements from the basic WS-Trust scenario that have been updated to address the requirements of the OnBehalfOf example. The components include:

3.14.3.1.1. Web Service Provider WSDL
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The OnBehalfOf web service provider’s WSDL is a clone of the ws-provider’s WSDL. The wsp:Policy section is the same. There are updates to the service endpoint, targetNamespace, portType, binding name, and service. 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<definitions targetNamespace="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/onbehalfofwssecuritypolicy" name="OnBehalfOfService"
             xmlns:tns="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/onbehalfofwssecuritypolicy"
             xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
             xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
             xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
             xmlns:wsp="http://www.w3.org/ns/ws-policy"
             xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata"
             xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"
             xmlns:wsaws="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"
             xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702"
             xmlns:t="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512">
    <types>
        <xsd:schema>
            <xsd:import namespace="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/onbehalfofwssecuritypolicy"
                  schemaLocation="OnBehalfOfService_schema1.xsd"/>
        </xsd:schema>
    </types>
    <message name="sayHello">
        <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHello"/>
    </message>
    <message name="sayHelloResponse">
        <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHelloResponse"/>
    </message>
    <portType name="OnBehalfOfServiceIface">
        <operation name="sayHello">
            <input message="tns:sayHello"/>
            <output message="tns:sayHelloResponse"/>
        </operation>
    </portType>
    <binding name="OnBehalfOfServicePortBinding" type="tns:OnBehalfOfServiceIface">
        <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#AsymmetricSAML2Policy" />
        <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document"/>
        <operation name="sayHello">
            <soap:operation soapAction=""/>
            <input>
                <soap:body use="literal"/>
                <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#Input_Policy" />
            </input>
            <output>
                <soap:body use="literal"/>
                <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#Output_Policy" />
            </output>
        </operation>
    </binding>
    <service name="OnBehalfOfService">
        <port name="OnBehalfOfServicePort" binding="tns:OnBehalfOfServicePortBinding">
            <soap:address location="http://@jboss.bind.address@:8080/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-onbehalfof/OnBehalfOfService"/>
        </port>
    </service>
</definitions>
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3.14.3.1.2. Web Service Provider Interface
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The OnBehalfOfServiceIface web service provider interface class is a simple web service definition. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.onbehalfof;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
(
   targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/onbehalfofwssecuritypolicy"
)
public interface OnBehalfOfServiceIface {
   @WebMethod
   String sayHello();
}
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3.14.3.1.3. Web Service Provider Implementation
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The OnBehalfOfServiceImpl web service provider implementation class is a simple POJO. It uses the standard WebService annotation to define the service endpoint and two Apache WSS4J annotations, EndpointProperties and EndpointProperty used for configuring the endpoint for the Apache CXF runtime. The WSS4J configuration information provided is for WSS4J’s Crypto Merlin implementation.

OnBehalfOfServiceImpl calls the ServiceImpl acting on behalf of the user. The setupService method performs the required configuration setup. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.onbehalfof;

import org.apache.cxf.Bus;
import org.apache.cxf.BusFactory;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperty;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.SecurityConstants;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.trust.STSClient;
import org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.service.ServiceIface;
import org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.shared.WSTrustAppUtils;

import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.ws.BindingProvider;
import javax.xml.ws.Service;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Map;

@WebService
(
   portName = "OnBehalfOfServicePort",
   serviceName = "OnBehalfOfService",
   wsdlLocation = "WEB-INF/wsdl/OnBehalfOfService.wsdl",
   targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/onbehalfofwssecuritypolicy",
   endpointInterface = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.onbehalfof.OnBehalfOfServiceIface"
)

@EndpointProperties(value = {
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.username", value = "myactaskey"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.properties", value =  "actasKeystore.properties"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.encryption.properties", value = "actasKeystore.properties"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.callback-handler", value = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.onbehalfof.OnBehalfOfCallbackHandler")
})

public class OnBehalfOfServiceImpl implements OnBehalfOfServiceIface {
   public String sayHello() {
      try {

         ServiceIface proxy = setupService();
         return "OnBehalfOf " + proxy.sayHello();

      } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
      return null;
   }

   /**
    *
    * @return
    * @throws MalformedURLException
    */
   private  ServiceIface setupService()throws MalformedURLException {
      ServiceIface proxy = null;
      Bus bus = BusFactory.newInstance().createBus();

      try {
         BusFactory.setThreadDefaultBus(bus);

         final String serviceURL = "http://" + WSTrustAppUtils.getServerHost() + ":8080/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust/SecurityService";
         final QName serviceName = new QName("http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/wssecuritypolicy", "SecurityService");
         final URL wsdlURL = new URL(serviceURL + "?wsdl");
         Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
         proxy = (ServiceIface) service.getPort(ServiceIface.class);

         Map<String, Object> ctx = ((BindingProvider) proxy).getRequestContext();
         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.CALLBACK_HANDLER, new OnBehalfOfCallbackHandler());

         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_PROPERTIES,
            Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
            "actasKeystore.properties" ));
         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_USERNAME, "myactaskey" );
         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_PROPERTIES,
            Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
            "../../META-INF/clientKeystore.properties" ));
         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "myservicekey");

         STSClient stsClient = new STSClient(bus);
         Map<String, Object> props = stsClient.getProperties();
         props.put(SecurityConstants.USERNAME, "bob");
         props.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "mystskey");
         props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USERNAME, "myactaskey" );
         props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_PROPERTIES,
            Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
            "actasKeystore.properties" ));
         props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USE_CERT_FOR_KEYINFO, "true");

         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.STS_CLIENT, stsClient);

      } finally {
         bus.shutdown(true);
      }

      return proxy;
   }

}
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3.14.3.1.4. OnBehalfOfCallbackHandler Class
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The OnBehalfOfCallbackHandler is a callback handler for the WSS4J Crypto API. It is used to obtain the password for the private key in the keystore. This class enables Apache CXF to retrieve the password of the user name to use for the message signature. This class has been updated to return the passwords for this service, myactaskey and the OnBehalfOf user, alice. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.onbehalfof;

import org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.extensions.security.PasswordCallbackHandler;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class OnBehalfOfCallbackHandler extends PasswordCallbackHandler {

   public OnBehalfOfCallbackHandler() {
      super(getInitMap());
   }

   private static Map<String, String> getInitMap() {
      Map<String, String> passwords = new HashMap<String, String>();
      passwords.put("myactaskey", "aspass");
      passwords.put("alice", "clarinet");
      passwords.put("bob", "trombone");
      return passwords;
   }

}
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3.14.3.2. Web Service Requester
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This section provides details of the ws-requester elements from the basic WS-Trust scenario that have been updated to address the requirements of the OnBehalfOf example. The component incldues:

The OnBehalfOf ws-requester, the client, uses standard procedures for creating a reference to the web service in the first four lines. To address the endpoint security requirements, the web service’s request context is configured using the BindingProvider. Information needed in the message generation is provided through it. The OnBehalfOf user, alice, is declared in this section and the callbackHandler, UsernameTokenCallbackHandler is provided to the STSClient for generation of the contents for the OnBehalfOf message element. In this example an STSClient object is created and provided to the proxy’s request context. The alternative is to provide keys tagged with the .it suffix as done in the Basic Scenario client. The use of OnBehalfOf is configured by the stsClient.setOnBehalfOf call method. The alternative is to use the key SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_ON_BEHALF_OF and a value in the properties map. 

final QName serviceName = new QName("http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/onbehalfofwssecuritypolicy", "OnBehalfOfService");
final URL wsdlURL = new URL(serviceURL + "?wsdl");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
OnBehalfOfServiceIface proxy = (OnBehalfOfServiceIface) service.getPort(OnBehalfOfServiceIface.class);


Bus bus = BusFactory.newInstance().createBus();
try {

    BusFactory.setThreadDefaultBus(bus);

    Map<String, Object> ctx = proxy.getRequestContext();

    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.CALLBACK_HANDLER, new ClientCallbackHandler());
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_PROPERTIES,
        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
        "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "myactaskey");
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_PROPERTIES,
        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
        "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_USERNAME, "myclientkey");

    // user and password OnBehalfOf user
    // UsernameTokenCallbackHandler will extract this information when called
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.USERNAME,"alice");
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.PASSWORD, "clarinet");

    STSClient stsClient = new STSClient(bus);

    // Providing the STSClient the mechanism to create the claims contents for OnBehalfOf
    stsClient.setOnBehalfOf(new UsernameTokenCallbackHandler());

    Map<String, Object> props = stsClient.getProperties();
    props.put(SecurityConstants.CALLBACK_HANDLER, new ClientCallbackHandler());
    props.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_PROPERTIES,
        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
        "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
    props.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "mystskey");
    props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USERNAME, "myclientkey");
    props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_PROPERTIES,
        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
        "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
    props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USE_CERT_FOR_KEYINFO, "true");

    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.STS_CLIENT, stsClient);

} finally {
    bus.shutdown(true);
}
proxy.sayHello();
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3.14.4. Scenario: ActAs WS-Trust
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The ActAs feature is used in scenarios that require composite delegation. It is commonly used in multi-tiered systems where an application calls a service on behalf of a logged in user, or a service calls another service on behalf of the original caller.

ActAs is nothing more than a new sub-element in the RequestSecurityToken (RST). It provides additional information about the original caller when a token is negotiated with the STS. The ActAs element usually takes the form of a token with identity claims such as name, role, and authorization code, for the client to access the service.

The ActAs scenario is an extension of the basic WS-Trust scenario. In this example the ActAs service calls the ws-service on behalf of a user. There are only a couple of additions to the basic scenario’s code. An ActAs web service provider and callback handler have been added. The ActAs web services' WSDL imposes the same security policies as the ws-provider. UsernameTokenCallbackHandler is a new utility that generates the content for the ActAs element. Lastly, there are a couple of code additions in the STS to support the ActAs request.

3.14.4.1. Web Service Provider
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This section provides details about the web service elements from the basic WS-Trust scenario that have been changed to address the needs of the ActAs example. The components include:

3.14.4.1.1. Web Service Provider WSDL
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The ActAs web service provider’s WSDL is a clone of the ws-provider’s WSDL. The wsp:Policy section is the same. There are changes to the service endpoint, targetNamespace, portType, binding name, and service. 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<definitions targetNamespace="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/actaswssecuritypolicy" name="ActAsService"
             xmlns:tns="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/actaswssecuritypolicy"
             xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
             xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
             xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
             xmlns:wsp="http://www.w3.org/ns/ws-policy"
             xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata"
             xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"
             xmlns:wsaws="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"
             xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200702"
             xmlns:t="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512">
    <types>
        <xsd:schema>
            <xsd:import namespace="http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/actaswssecuritypolicy"
                    schemaLocation="ActAsService_schema1.xsd"/>
        </xsd:schema>
    </types>
    <message name="sayHello">
        <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHello"/>
    </message>
    <message name="sayHelloResponse">
        <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHelloResponse"/>
    </message>
    <portType name="ActAsServiceIface">
        <operation name="sayHello">
            <input message="tns:sayHello"/>
            <output message="tns:sayHelloResponse"/>
        </operation>
    </portType>
    <binding name="ActAsServicePortBinding" type="tns:ActAsServiceIface">
        <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#AsymmetricSAML2Policy" />
        <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document"/>
        <operation name="sayHello">
            <soap:operation soapAction=""/>
            <input>
                <soap:body use="literal"/>
                <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#Input_Policy" />
            </input>
            <output>
                <soap:body use="literal"/>
                <wsp:PolicyReference URI="#Output_Policy" />
            </output>
        </operation>
    </binding>
    <service name="ActAsService">
        <port name="ActAsServicePort" binding="tns:ActAsServicePortBinding">
            <soap:address location="http://@jboss.bind.address@:8080/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-actas/ActAsService"/>
        </port>
    </service>

</definitions>
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3.14.4.1.2. Web Service Provider Interface
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The ActAsServiceIface web service provider interface class is a simple web service definition. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.actas;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
(
   targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/actaswssecuritypolicy"
)
public interface ActAsServiceIface {
   @WebMethod
   String sayHello();
}
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3.14.4.1.3. Web Service Provider Implementation
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The ActAsServiceImpl web service provider implementation class is a simple POJO. It uses the standard WebService annotation to define the service endpoint and two Apache WSS4J annotations, EndpointProperties, and EndpointProperty, used for configuring the endpoint for the Apache CXF runtime. The WSS4J configuration information provided is for WSS4J’s Crypto Merlin implementation.

ActAsServiceImpl is calling ServiceImpl acting on behalf of the user. The setupService method performs the required configuration setup. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.actas;

import org.apache.cxf.Bus;
import org.apache.cxf.BusFactory;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperty;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.SecurityConstants;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.trust.STSClient;
import org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.service.ServiceIface;
import org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.shared.WSTrustAppUtils;

import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.ws.BindingProvider;
import javax.xml.ws.Service;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Map;

@WebService
(
   portName = "ActAsServicePort",
   serviceName = "ActAsService",
   wsdlLocation = "WEB-INF/wsdl/ActAsService.wsdl",
   targetNamespace = "http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/actaswssecuritypolicy",
   endpointInterface = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.actas.ActAsServiceIface"
)

@EndpointProperties(value = {
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.username", value = "myactaskey"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.properties", value =  "actasKeystore.properties"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.encryption.properties", value = "actasKeystore.properties"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.callback-handler", value = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.actas.ActAsCallbackHandler")
})

public class ActAsServiceImpl implements ActAsServiceIface {
   public String sayHello() {
      try {
         ServiceIface proxy = setupService();
         return "ActAs " + proxy.sayHello();
      } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
      return null;
   }

   private  ServiceIface setupService()throws MalformedURLException {
      ServiceIface proxy = null;
      Bus bus = BusFactory.newInstance().createBus();

      try {
         BusFactory.setThreadDefaultBus(bus);

         final String serviceURL = "http://" + WSTrustAppUtils.getServerHost() + ":8080/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust/SecurityService";
         final QName serviceName = new QName("http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/wssecuritypolicy", "SecurityService");
         final URL wsdlURL = new URL(serviceURL + "?wsdl");
         Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
         proxy = (ServiceIface) service.getPort(ServiceIface.class);

         Map<String, Object> ctx = ((BindingProvider) proxy).getRequestContext();
         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.CALLBACK_HANDLER, new ActAsCallbackHandler());

         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_PROPERTIES,
            Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("actasKeystore.properties" ));
         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_USERNAME, "myactaskey" );
         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_PROPERTIES,
            Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("../../META-INF/clientKeystore.properties" ));
         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "myservicekey");

         STSClient stsClient = new STSClient(bus);
         Map<String, Object> props = stsClient.getProperties();
         props.put(SecurityConstants.USERNAME, "alice");
         props.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "mystskey");
         props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USERNAME, "myactaskey" );
         props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_PROPERTIES,
            Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("actasKeystore.properties" ));
         props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USE_CERT_FOR_KEYINFO, "true");

         ctx.put(SecurityConstants.STS_CLIENT, stsClient);

      } finally {
         bus.shutdown(true);
      }

      return proxy;
   }

}
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3.14.4.1.4. ActAsCallbackHandler Class
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ActAsCallbackHandler is a callback handler for the WSS4J Crypto API. It is used to obtain the password for the private key in the keystore. This class enables Apache CXF to retrieve the password of the user name to use for the message signature. This class has been updated to return the passwords for this service, myactaskey and the ActAs user, alice. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.actas;

import org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.extensions.security.PasswordCallbackHandler;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class ActAsCallbackHandler extends PasswordCallbackHandler {

   public ActAsCallbackHandler() {
      super(getInitMap());
   }

   private static Map<String, String> getInitMap() {
      Map<String, String> passwords = new HashMap<String, String>();
      passwords.put("myactaskey", "aspass");
      passwords.put("alice", "clarinet");
      return passwords;
   }
}
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3.14.4.1.5. UsernameTokenCallbackHandler
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The ActAs and OnBeholdOf sub-elements of the RequestSecurityToken have to be defined as WSSE UsernameTokens. This utility generates the properly formatted element. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.shared;

import org.apache.cxf.helpers.DOMUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.message.Message;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.SecurityConstants;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.trust.delegation.DelegationCallback;
import org.apache.ws.security.WSConstants;
import org.apache.ws.security.message.token.UsernameToken;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.ls.DOMImplementationLS;
import org.w3c.dom.ls.LSSerializer;

import javax.security.auth.callback.Callback;
import javax.security.auth.callback.CallbackHandler;
import javax.security.auth.callback.UnsupportedCallbackException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;

/**
* A utility to provide the 3 different input parameter types for jaxws property
* "ws-security.sts.token.act-as" and "ws-security.sts.token.on-behalf-of".
* This implementation obtains a username and password via the jaxws property
* "ws-security.username" and "ws-security.password" respectively, as defined
* in SecurityConstants.  It creates a wss UsernameToken to be used as the
* delegation token.
*/

public class UsernameTokenCallbackHandler implements CallbackHandler {

   public void handle(Callback[] callbacks)
      throws IOException, UnsupportedCallbackException {
      for (int i = 0; i < callbacks.length; i++) {
         if (callbacks[i] instanceof DelegationCallback) {
            DelegationCallback callback = (DelegationCallback) callbacks[i];
            Message message = callback.getCurrentMessage();

            String username =
               (String)message.getContextualProperty(SecurityConstants.USERNAME);
            String password =
               (String)message.getContextualProperty(SecurityConstants.PASSWORD);
            if (username != null) {
               Node contentNode = message.getContent(Node.class);
               Document doc = null;
               if (contentNode != null) {
                  doc = contentNode.getOwnerDocument();
               } else {
                  doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
               }
               UsernameToken usernameToken = createWSSEUsernameToken(username,password, doc);
               callback.setToken(usernameToken.getElement());
            }
         } else {
            throw new UnsupportedCallbackException(callbacks[i], "Unrecognized Callback");
         }
      }
   }

   /**
    * Provide UsernameToken as a string.
    * @param ctx
    * @return
    */
   public String getUsernameTokenString(Map<String, Object> ctx){
      Document doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
      String result = null;
      String username = (String)ctx.get(SecurityConstants.USERNAME);
      String password = (String)ctx.get(SecurityConstants.PASSWORD);
      if (username != null) {
         UsernameToken usernameToken = createWSSEUsernameToken(username,password, doc);
         result = toString(usernameToken.getElement().getFirstChild().getParentNode());
      }
      return result;
   }

   /**
    *
    * @param username
    * @param password
    * @return
    */
   public String getUsernameTokenString(String username, String password){
      Document doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
      String result = null;
      if (username != null) {
         UsernameToken usernameToken = createWSSEUsernameToken(username,password, doc);
         result = toString(usernameToken.getElement().getFirstChild().getParentNode());
      }
      return result;
   }

   /**
    * Provide UsernameToken as a DOM Element.
    * @param ctx
    * @return
    */
   public Element getUsernameTokenElement(Map<String, Object> ctx){
      Document doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
      Element result = null;
      UsernameToken usernameToken = null;
         String username = (String)ctx.get(SecurityConstants.USERNAME);
      String password = (String)ctx.get(SecurityConstants.PASSWORD);
      if (username != null) {
         usernameToken = createWSSEUsernameToken(username,password, doc);
         result = usernameToken.getElement();
      }
      return result;
   }

   /**
    *
    * @param username
    * @param password
    * @return
    */
   public Element getUsernameTokenElement(String username, String password){
      Document doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
      Element result = null;
      UsernameToken usernameToken = null;
      if (username != null) {
         usernameToken = createWSSEUsernameToken(username,password, doc);
         result = usernameToken.getElement();
      }
      return result;
   }

   private UsernameToken createWSSEUsernameToken(String username, String password, Document doc) {

      UsernameToken usernameToken = new UsernameToken(true, doc,
         (password == null)? null: WSConstants.PASSWORD_TEXT);
      usernameToken.setName(username);
      usernameToken.addWSUNamespace();
      usernameToken.addWSSENamespace();
      usernameToken.setID("id-" + username);

      if (password != null){
         usernameToken.setPassword(password);
      }

      return usernameToken;
   }


   private String toString(Node node) {
      String str = null;

      if (node != null) {
         DOMImplementationLS lsImpl = (DOMImplementationLS)
            node.getOwnerDocument().getImplementation().getFeature("LS", "3.0");
         LSSerializer serializer = lsImpl.createLSSerializer();
         serializer.getDomConfig().setParameter("xml-declaration", false); //by default its true, so set it to false to get String without xml-declaration
         str = serializer.writeToString(node);
      }
      return str;
   }

}
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3.14.4.1.6. Crypto properties and keystore files
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The ActAs service must provide its own credentials. The requisite actasKeystore.properties properties file and actasstore.jks keystore are created. 

org.apache.ws.security.crypto.provider=org.apache.ws.security.components.crypto.Merlin
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.type=jks
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.password=aapass
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.alias=myactaskey
org.apache.ws.security.crypto.merlin.keystore.file=actasstore.jks
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3.14.4.1.7. Default MANIFEST.MF
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This application requires access to the JBossWS and Apache CXF APIs provided in the org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client module. The org.jboss.ws.cxf.sts module is also needed in handling the ActAs and OnBehalfOf extensions. The dependency statement directs the server to provide them at deployment. 

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Dependencies: org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client, org.jboss.ws.cxf.sts
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3.14.4.2. Security Token Service
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This section provides the details of the STS elements from the basic WS-Trust scenario that have been changed to address the needs of the ActAs example. The components include:

3.14.4.2.1. STS Implementation Class
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The declaration of the set of allowed token recipients by address has been extended to accept ActAs addresses and OnBehalfOf addresses. The addresses are specified as reg-ex patterns.

The TokenIssueOperation requires the UsernameTokenValidator class to be provided to validate the contents of the OnBehalfOf, and the UsernameTokenDelegationHandler class to be provided to process the token delegation request of the ActAs on OnBehalfOf user. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.sts;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceProvider;

import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.annotations.EndpointProperty;
import org.apache.cxf.interceptor.InInterceptors;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.StaticSTSProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.operation.TokenIssueOperation;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.operation.TokenValidateOperation;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.service.ServiceMBean;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.service.StaticService;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.token.delegation.UsernameTokenDelegationHandler;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.token.provider.SAMLTokenProvider;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.token.validator.SAMLTokenValidator;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.token.validator.UsernameTokenValidator;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.SecurityTokenServiceProvider;

@WebServiceProvider(serviceName = "SecurityTokenService",
      portName = "UT_Port",
      targetNamespace = "http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-trust/200512/",
      wsdlLocation = "WEB-INF/wsdl/ws-trust-1.4-service.wsdl")
//dependency on org.apache.cxf module or on module that exports org.apache.cxf (e.g. org.jboss.ws.cxf.jbossws-cxf-client) is needed, otherwise Apache CXF annotations are ignored
@EndpointProperties(value = {
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.username", value = "mystskey"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.signature.properties", value = "stsKeystore.properties"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.callback-handler", value = "org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.sts.STSCallbackHandler"),
      @EndpointProperty(key = "ws-security.validate.token", value = "false") //to let the JAAS integration deal with validation through the interceptor below
})
@InInterceptors(interceptors = {"org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.security.authentication.SubjectCreatingPolicyInterceptor"})
public class SampleSTS extends SecurityTokenServiceProvider {
   public SampleSTS() throws Exception {
      super();

      StaticSTSProperties props = new StaticSTSProperties();
      props.setSignatureCryptoProperties("stsKeystore.properties");
      props.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
      props.setCallbackHandlerClass(STSCallbackHandler.class.getName());
      props.setIssuer("DoubleItSTSIssuer");

      List<ServiceMBean> services = new LinkedList<ServiceMBean>();
      StaticService service = new StaticService();
      service.setEndpoints(Arrays.asList(
         "http://localhost:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust/SecurityService",
         "http://\\[::1\\]:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust/SecurityService",
         "http://\\[0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1\\]:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust/SecurityService",

         "http://localhost:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-actas/ActAsService",
         "http://\\[::1\\]:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-actas/ActAsService",
         "http://\\[0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1\\]:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-actas/ActAsService",

         "http://localhost:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-onbehalfof/OnBehalfOfService",
         "http://\\[::1\\]:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-onbehalfof/OnBehalfOfService",
         "http://\\[0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1\\]:(\\d)*/jaxws-samples-wsse-policy-trust-onbehalfof/OnBehalfOfService"
      ));
      services.add(service);

      TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
      issueOperation.setServices(services);
      issueOperation.getTokenProviders().add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
      // required for OnBehalfOf
      issueOperation.getTokenValidators().add(new UsernameTokenValidator());
      // added for OnBehalfOf and ActAs
      issueOperation.getDelegationHandlers().add(new UsernameTokenDelegationHandler());
      issueOperation.setStsProperties(props);

      TokenValidateOperation validateOperation = new TokenValidateOperation();
      validateOperation.getTokenValidators().add(new SAMLTokenValidator());
      validateOperation.setStsProperties(props);

      this.setIssueOperation(issueOperation);
      this.setValidateOperation(validateOperation);
   }
}
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3.14.4.2.2. STSCallbackHandler Class
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The user, alice, and corresponding password was required to be added for the ActAs example. 

package org.jboss.test.ws.jaxws.samples.wsse.policy.trust.sts;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.extensions.security.PasswordCallbackHandler;

public class STSCallbackHandler extends PasswordCallbackHandler {
   public STSCallbackHandler() {
      super(getInitMap());
   }

   private static Map<String, String> getInitMap() {
      Map<String, String> passwords = new HashMap<String, String>();
      passwords.put("mystskey", "stskpass");
      passwords.put("alice", "clarinet");
      return passwords;
   }
}
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3.14.4.2.3. Web Service Requester
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This section provides the details of the ws-requester elements from the basic WS-Trust scenario that have been changed to address the requirements of the ActAs example. The component is:

3.14.4.2.4. Web Service Requester Implementation Class
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The ActAs ws-requester, the client, uses standard procedures for creating a reference to the web service in the first four lines. To address the endpoint security requirements, the web service’s request context is configured using BindingProvider to provide information required for message generation. The ActAs user, myactaskey, is declared in this section and UsernameTokenCallbackHandler is used to provide the contents of the ActAs element to the STSClient. In this example an STSClient object is created and provided to the proxy’s request context. The alternative is to provide keys tagged with the .it suffix as was done in the Basic Scenario client. The use of ActAs is configured through the properties map using the SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_ACT_AS key. The alternative is to use the STSClient.setActAs method. 

final QName serviceName = new QName("http://www.jboss.org/jbossws/ws-extensions/actaswssecuritypolicy", "ActAsService");
final URL wsdlURL = new URL(serviceURL + "?wsdl");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceName);
ActAsServiceIface proxy = (ActAsServiceIface) service.getPort(ActAsServiceIface.class);

Bus bus = BusFactory.newInstance().createBus();
try {
    BusFactory.setThreadDefaultBus(bus);

    Map<String, Object> ctx = proxy.getRequestContext();

    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.CALLBACK_HANDLER, new ClientCallbackHandler());
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_PROPERTIES,
        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
        "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "myactaskey");
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_PROPERTIES,
        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
        "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.SIGNATURE_USERNAME, "myclientkey");

    // Generate the ActAs element contents and pass to the STSClient as a string
    UsernameTokenCallbackHandler ch = new UsernameTokenCallbackHandler();
    String str = ch.getUsernameTokenString("alice","clarinet");
    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_ACT_AS, str);

    STSClient stsClient = new STSClient(bus);
    Map<String, Object> props = stsClient.getProperties();
    props.put(SecurityConstants.USERNAME, "bob");
    props.put(SecurityConstants.CALLBACK_HANDLER, new ClientCallbackHandler());
    props.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_PROPERTIES,
        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
        "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
    props.put(SecurityConstants.ENCRYPT_USERNAME, "mystskey");
    props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USERNAME, "myclientkey");
    props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_PROPERTIES,
        Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(
        "META-INF/clientKeystore.properties"));
    props.put(SecurityConstants.STS_TOKEN_USE_CERT_FOR_KEYINFO, "true");

    ctx.put(SecurityConstants.STS_CLIENT, stsClient);
} finally {
    bus.shutdown(true);
}
proxy.sayHello();
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