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Chapter 1. Introduction

1.1. Introduction to Complex Event Processing
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JBoss BRMS Complex Event Processing provides the JBoss Enterprise BRMS Platform with complex event processing capabilities.
For the purpose of this guide, Complex Event Processing, or CEP, refers to the ability to process multiple events and detect interesting events from within a collection of events, uncover relationships that exist between events, and infer new data from the events and their relationships.
An event can best be described as a record of a significant change of state in the application domain. Depending on how the domain is modeled, the change of state may be represented by a single event, multiple atomic events, or even hierarchies of correlated events. Using a stock broker application as an example, a change in security prices, a change in ownership from seller to buyer, or a change in an account holder's balance are all considered to be events as a change has occurred in the state of the application domain.
Event processing use cases, in general, share several requirements and goals with business rules use cases.
From a business perspective, business rule definitions are often defined based on the occurrence of scenarios triggered by events. For example:
  • On an algorithmic trading application: Take an action if the security price increases X% above the day's opening price.
    The price increases are denoted by events on a stock trade application.
  • On a monitoring application: Take an action if the temperature in the server room increases X degrees in Y minutes.
    The sensor readings are denoted by events.
Both business rules and event processing queries change frequently and require an immediate response for the business to adapt to new market conditions, regulations, and corporate policies.
From a technical perspective:
  • Both business rules and event processing require seamless integration with the enterprise infrastructure and applications. This is particularly important with regard to life-cycle management, auditing, and security.
  • Both business rules and event processing have functional requirements like pattern matching and non-functional requirements like response time limits and query/rule explanations.

Note

JBoss BRMS Complex Event Processing provides the complex event processing capabilities of JBoss Business Rules Management System. The Business Rules Management and Business Process Management capabilities are provided by other modules.
Complex event processing scenarios share these distinguishing characteristics:
  • They usually process large numbers of events, but only a small percentage of the events are of interest.
  • The events are usually immutable, as they represent a record of change in state.
  • The rules and queries run against events and must react to detected event patterns.
  • There are usually strong temporal relationships between related events.
  • Individual events are not important. The system is concerned with patterns of related events and the relationships between them.
  • It is often necessary to perform composition and aggregation of events.
As such, JBoss BRMS Complex Event Processing supports the following behaviors:
  • Support events, with their proper semantics, as first class citizens.
  • Allow detection, correlation, aggregation, and composition of events.
  • Support processing streams of events.
  • Support temporal constraints in order to model the temporal relationships between events.
  • Support sliding windows of interesting events.
  • Support a session-scoped unified clock.
  • Support the required volumes of events for complex event processing use cases.
  • Support reactive rules.
  • Support adapters for event input into the engine (pipeline).
The rest of this guide describes each of the features that JBoss BRMS Complex Event Processing provides.

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