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8.2. Connecting and Disconnecting Remotely
Abstract
8.2.1. Connecting to a Standalone Container from a Remote Container
Overview
Using the ssh:ssh console command
Example 8.2. ssh:ssh Command Syntax
ssh:ssh
{
-l username
} {
-P password
} {
-p port
} {
hostname
}
-
-l username
- The username used to connect to the remote container. Use valid JAAS login credentials that have
admin
privileges (see Chapter 14, Configuring JAAS Security). -
-P password
- The password used to connect to the remote container.
-
-p port
- The SSH port used to access the desired container's remote console.By default this value is
8101
. See the section called “Configuring a standalone container for remote access” for details on changing the port number. -
hostname
- The hostname of the machine that the remote container is running on. See the section called “Configuring a standalone container for remote access” for details on changing the hostname.
etc/users.properties
file. See Chapter 14, Configuring JAAS Securityfor details.
Example 8.3. Connecting to a Remote Console
JBossFuse:karaf@root>ssh:ssh -l smx -P smx -p 8108 hostname
shell:info
at the prompt. Information about the currently connected instance is returned, as shown in Example 8.4, “Output of the shell:info Command”.
Example 8.4. Output of the shell:info Command
Karaf Karaf version 2.4.0.redhat-630187 Karaf home /home/jboss-fuse-6.3.0.redhat-187 Karaf base /home/jboss-fuse-6.3.0.redhat-187 OSGi Framework org.apache.felix.framework - 4.4.1 JVM Java Virtual Machine Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM version 25.121-b13 Version 1.8.0_121 Vendor Oracle Corporation Pid 4647 Uptime 32.558 seconds Total compile time 45.154 seconds Threads Live threads 87 Daemon threads 69 Peak 88 Total started 113 Memory Current heap size 206,941 kbytes Maximum heap size 932,096 kbytes Committed heap size 655,360 kbytes Pending objects 0 Garbage collector Name = 'PS Scavenge', Collections = 13, Time = 0.343 seconds Garbage collector Name = 'PS MarkSweep', Collections = 2, Time = 0.272 seconds Classes Current classes loaded 10,152 Total classes loaded 10,152 Total classes unloaded 0 Operating system Name Linux version 4.8.14-100.fc23.x86_64 Architecture i386 Processors 4
Disconnecting from a remote console
logout
or press Ctrl+D at the prompt.
8.2.2. Connecting to a Fabric Container From another Fabric Container
Overview
Using the fabric:container-connect command
Example 8.5. fabric:container-connect Command Syntax
fabric:container-connect
{
-u username
} {
-p password
} {
containerName
}
-
-u username
- The username used to connect to the remote console. The default value is
admin
. -
-p password
- The password used to connect to the remote console. The default value is
admin
. -
containerName
- The name of the container.
Example 8.6. Connecting to a Remote Container
JBossFuse:karaf@root>fabric:container-connect -u admin -p admin containerName
shell:info
at the prompt. Information about the currently connected instance is returned, as shown in Example 8.7, “Output of the shell:info Command”.
Example 8.7. Output of the shell:info Command
Karaf Karaf version 2.4.0.redhat-630187 Karaf home /home/aaki/Downloads/jboss-fuse-6.3.0.redhat-187 Karaf base /home/aaki/Downloads/jboss-fuse-6.3.0.redhat-187 OSGi Framework org.apache.felix.framework - 4.4.1 JVM Java Virtual Machine Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM version 25.121-b13 Version 1.8.0_121 Vendor Oracle Corporation Pid 4647 Uptime 32.558 seconds Total compile time 45.154 seconds Threads Live threads 87 Daemon threads 69 Peak 88 Total started 113 Memory Current heap size 206,941 kbytes Maximum heap size 932,096 kbytes Committed heap size 655,360 kbytes Pending objects 0 Garbage collector Name = 'PS Scavenge', Collections = 13, Time = 0.343 seconds Garbage collector Name = 'PS MarkSweep', Collections = 2, Time = 0.272 seconds Classes Current classes loaded 10,152 Total classes loaded 10,152 Total classes unloaded 0 Operating system Name Linux version 4.8.14-100.fc23.x86_64 Architecture i386 Processors 4
Disconnecting from a remote console
logout
or press Ctrl+D at the prompt.
8.2.3. Connecting to a Container Using the Client Command-Line Utility
Using the remote client
InstallDir/bin
directory), as follows:
client
client -a 8101 -h hostname -u username -p password shell:info
-p
option, you will be prompted to enter a password.
admin
privileges.
admin
and admin
.
client --help
Example 8.8. Karaf Client Help
Apache Karaf client -a [port] specify the port to connect to -h [host] specify the host to connect to -u [user] specify the user name -p [password] specify the password (optional, if not provided, the password is prompted) NB: this option is deprecated and will be removed in next Karaf version --help shows this help message -v raise verbosity -l set client logging level. Set to 0 for ERROR logging and up to 4 for TRACE. -r [attempts] retry connection establishment (up to attempts times) -d [delay] intra-retry delay (defaults to 2 seconds) -b batch mode, specify multiple commands via standard input -f [file] read commands from the specified file -k [keyFile] specify the private keyFile location when using key login [commands] commands to run If no commands are specified, the client will be put in an interactive mode
Remote client default credentials
bin/client
, without supplying any credentials. This is because the remote client program is pre-configured to use default credentials. If no credentials are specified, the remote client automatically tries to use the following default credentials (in sequence):
- Default SSH key—tries to login using the default Apache Karaf SSH key. The corresponding configuration entry that would allow this login to succeed is commented out by default in the
etc/keys.properties
file. - Red Hat Fuse does not use
admin
/admin
as the remote default credential. When you log into the application, Fuse would try to useusername
/password
of an item randomly chosen from theetc/users.properties
file. However, it is recommended not to usebin/client
script without-u
option, when you need to useusername
/password
.
admin
/admin
credentials in users.properties
, you will find that the bin/client
utility can log in without supplying credentials.
bin/client
without supplying credentials, this shows that your container is insecure and you must take steps to fix this in a production environment.
Disconnecting from a remote client console
8.2.4. Connecting to a Container Using the SSH Command-Line Utility
Overview
ssh
command-line utility (a standard utility on UNIX-like operating systems) to log in to the Red Hat JBoss Fuse container, where the authentication mechanism is based on public key encryption (the public key must first be installed in the container). For example, given that the container is configured to listen on TCP port 8101, you could log in as follows:
ssh -p 8101 jdoe@localhost
Prerequisites
- The container must be standalone (Fabric is not supported) with the
PublickeyLoginModule
installed. - You must have created an SSH key pair (see the section called “Creating a new SSH key pair”).
- You must install the public key from the SSH key pair into the container (see the section called “Installing the SSH public key in the container”).
Default key location
ssh
command automatically looks for the private key in the default key location. It is recommended that you install your key in the default location, because it saves you the trouble of specifying the location explicitly.
~/.ssh/id_rsa ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
C:\Documents and Settings\Username\.ssh\id_rsa C:\Documents and Settings\Username\.ssh\id_rsa.pub
Creating a new SSH key pair
ssh-keygen
utility. Open a new command prompt and enter the following command:
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048
Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/Username/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Installing the SSH public key in the container
InstallDir/etc/keys.properties
file. Each user entry in this file appears on a single line, in the following format:
Username=PublicKey,Role1,Role2,...
~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
, has the following contents:
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAP1/U4EddRIpUt9KnC7s5Of2EbdSPO9EAMMeP4C2USZpRV1AIlH7WT2NWPq/xfW6MPbLm1Vs14E7 gB00b/JmYLdrmVClpJ+f6AR7ECLCT7up1/63xhv4O1fnfqimFQ8E+4P208UewwI1VBNaFpEy9nXzrith1yrv8iIDGZ3RSAHHAAAAFQCX YFCPFSMLzLKSuYKi64QL8Fgc9QAAAnEA9+GghdabPd7LvKtcNrhXuXmUr7v6OuqC+VdMCz0HgmdRWVeOutRZT+ZxBxCBgLRJFnEj6Ewo FhO3zwkyjMim4TwWeotifI0o4KOuHiuzpnWRbqN/C/ohNWLx+2J6ASQ7zKTxvqhRkImog9/hWuWfBpKLZl6Ae1UlZAFMO/7PSSoAAACB AKKSU2PFl/qOLxIwmBZPPIcJshVe7bVUpFvyl3BbJDow8rXfskl8wO63OzP/qLmcJM0+JbcRU/53Jj7uyk31drV2qxhIOsLDC9dGCWj4 7Y7TyhPdXh/0dthTRBy6bqGtRPxGa7gJov1xm/UuYYXPIUR/3x9MAZvZ5xvE0kYXO+rx jdoe@doemachine.local
jdoe
user with the admin
role by adding the following entry to the InstallDir/etc/keys.properties
file (on a single line):
jdoe=AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBAP1/U4EddRIpUt9KnC7s5Of2EbdSPO9EAMMeP4C2USZpRV1AIlH7WT2NWPq/xfW6MPbLm1Vs14E7 gB00b/JmYLdrmVClpJ+f6AR7ECLCT7up1/63xhv4O1fnfqimFQ8E+4P208UewwI1VBNaFpEy9nXzrith1yrv8iIDGZ3RSAHHAAAAFQCX YFCPFSMLzLKSuYKi64QL8Fgc9QAAAnEA9+GghdabPd7LvKtcNrhXuXmUr7v6OuqC+VdMCz0HgmdRWVeOutRZT+ZxBxCBgLRJFnEj6Ewo FhO3zwkyjMim4TwWeotifI0o4KOuHiuzpnWRbqN/C/ohNWLx+2J6ASQ7zKTxvqhRkImog9/hWuWfBpKLZl6Ae1UlZAFMO/7PSSoAAACB AKKSU2PFl/qOLxIwmBZPPIcJshVe7bVUpFvyl3BbJDow8rXfskl8wO63OzP/qLmcJM0+JbcRU/53Jj7uyk31drV2qxhIOsLDC9dGCWj4 7Y7TyhPdXh/0dthTRBy6bqGtRPxGa7gJov1xm/UuYYXPIUR/3x9MAZvZ5xvE0kYXO+rx,admin
id_rsa.pub
file here. Insert just the block of symbols which represents the public key itself.
Checking that public key authentication is supported
jaas:realms
console command, as follows:
Index Realm Module Class 1 karaf org.apache.karaf.jaas.modules.properties.PropertiesLoginModule 2 karaf org.apache.karaf.jaas.modules.publickey.PublickeyLoginModule
PublickeyLoginModule
is installed. With this configuration you can log in to the container using either username/password credentials or public key credentials.
Logging in using key-based SSH
$ ssh -p 8101 jdoe@localhost _ ____ ______ | | _ \ | ____| | | |_) | ___ ___ ___ | |__ _ _ ___ ___ _ | | _ / _ \/ __/ __| | __| | | / __|/ _ \ | |__| | |_) | (_) \__ \__ \ | | | |_| \__ \ __/ \____/|____/ \___/|___/___/ |_| \__,_|___/\___| JBoss Fuse (6.3.0.redhat-xxx) http://www.redhat.com/products/jbossenterprisemiddleware/fuse/ Hit '<tab>' for a list of available commands and '[cmd] --help' for help on a specific command. Hit '<ctrl-d>' or 'osgi:shutdown' to shutdown JBoss Fuse. JBossFuse:karaf@root>
ssh
utility will prompt you to enter the pass phrase.