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Chapter 9. Testing a route with JUnit

This tutorial shows you how to use the New Camel Test Case wizard to create a test case for your route and then test the route.

Overview

The New Camel Test Case wizard generates a boilerplate JUnit test case. When you create or modify a route (for example, adding more processors to it), you should create or modify the generated test case to add expectations and assertions specific to the route that you created or updated. This ensures that the test is valid for the route.

Goals

In this tutorial you complete the following tasks:

  • Create the /src/test/ folder to store the JUnit test case
  • Generate the JUnit test case for the ZooOrderApp project
  • Modify the newly generated JUnit test case
  • Modify the ZooOrderApp project’s pom.xml file
  • Run the ZooOrderApp with the new JUnit test case
  • Observe the output

Prerequisites

  1. To start this tutorial, you need the ZooOrderApp project resulting from one of the following:

  2. Delete any trace-generated messages from the ZooOrderApp project’s /src/data/ directory and /target/messages/ subdirectories in Project Explorer. Trace-generated messages begin with the ID- prefix. For example, Figure 9.1, “Trace-generated messages” shows eight trace-generated messages:

    Figure 9.1. Trace-generated messages

    tutTraceGenMsgs

    Select all trace-generated messages in batch, right-click and then select Delete.

Creating the src/test folder

Before you create a JUnit test case for the ZooOrderApp project, you must create a folder for it that is included in the build path:

  1. In Project Explorer, right-click the ZooOrderApp project and then select New Folder.

  2. In the New Folder dialog, in the project tree pane, expand the ZooOrderApp node and select the src folder.

    Make sure ZooOrderApp/src appears in the Enter or select the parent folder field.

  3. In Folder name, enter /test/java:

    tutCreateJUnitTestFolder

  4. Click Finish.

    In Project Explorer, the new src/test/java folder appears under the src/main/resources folder:

    tutTestFolderAdded

  5. Verify that the new /src/test/java folder is included in the build path.

    1. In Project Explorer, right-click the /src/test/java folder to open the context menu.

    2. Select Build Path to see the menu options:

      The menu option Remove from Build Path verifies that the /src/test/java folder is currently included in the build path:

      tutJavaFolderOnBldPath

Creating the JUnit test case

To create a JUnit test case for the ZooOrderApp project:

  1. In Project Explorer, select src/test/java.

  2. Right-click and then select New Camel Test Case.

    NewCamTstCaseTut
  3. In the Camel JUnit Test Case wizard, make sure the Source folder field contains ZooOrderApp/src/test/java. To find the proper folder, click browse button .
  4. In the Package field, enter tutorial.zooapp.route. This package will include the new test case.

  5. In the Camel XML file under test field, click browse button to open a file explorer configured to filter for XML files, and then select the ZooOrderApp project’s blueprint.xml file:

    tutCamXMLUnderTst

  6. Click OK. The Name field defaults to BlueprintXmlTest.

    tutCamJUnitTstPgComplete

  7. Click Next to open the Test Endpoints page.

    By default, all endpoints are selected and will be included in the test case.

  8. Click Finish.

    Note

    If prompted, add JUnit to the build path.

The artifacts for the test are added to your project and appear in Project Explorer under src/test/java. The class implementing the test case opens in the tooling’s Java editor: 

package tutorial.zooapp.route;

import org.apache.camel.EndpointInject;
import org.apache.camel.Produce;
import org.apache.camel.ProducerTemplate;
import org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder;
import org.apache.camel.component.mock.MockEndpoint;
import org.apache.camel.test.blueprint.CamelBlueprintTestSupport;
import org.junit.Test;

public class BlueprintXmlTest extends CamelBlueprintTestSupport {

	// TODO Create test message bodies that work for the route(s) being tested
	// Expected message bodies
	protected Object[] expectedBodies = { "<something id='1'>expectedBody1</something>",
			"<something id='2'>expectedBody2</something>" };
	// Templates to send to input endpoints
	@Produce(uri = "file:src/data?noop=true")
	protected ProducerTemplate inputEndpoint;
	@Produce(uri = "direct:OrderFulfillment")
	protected ProducerTemplate input2Endpoint;
	// Mock endpoints used to consume messages from the output endpoints and then perform assertions
	@EndpointInject(uri = "mock:output")
	protected MockEndpoint outputEndpoint;
	@EndpointInject(uri = "mock:output2")
	protected MockEndpoint output2Endpoint;
	@EndpointInject(uri = "mock:output3")
	protected MockEndpoint output3Endpoint;
	@EndpointInject(uri = "mock:output4")
	protected MockEndpoint output4Endpoint;

	@Test
	public void testCamelRoute() throws Exception {
		// Create routes from the output endpoints to our mock endpoints so we can assert expectations
		context.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
			@Override
			public void configure() throws Exception {
				from("file:target/messages/invalidOrders").to(outputEndpoint);
				from("file:target/messages/validOrders/USA").to(output3Endpoint);
				from("file:target/messages/validOrders/Germany").to(output4Endpoint);
			}
		});

		// Define some expectations

		// TODO Ensure expectations make sense for the route(s) we're testing
		outputEndpoint.expectedBodiesReceivedInAnyOrder(expectedBodies);

		// Send some messages to input endpoints
		for (Object expectedBody : expectedBodies) {
			inputEndpoint.sendBody(expectedBody);
		}

		// Validate our expectations
		assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();
	}

	@Override
	protected String getBlueprintDescriptor() {
		return "OSGI-INF/blueprint/blueprint.xml";
	}

}

This generated JUnit test case is insufficient for the ZooOrderApp project, and it will fail to run successfully. You need to modify it and the project’s pom.xml, as described in the section called “Modifying the BlueprintXmlTest file” and the section called “Modifying the pom.xml file”.

Modifying the BlueprintXmlTest file

You must modify the BlueprintXmlTest.java file to:

  • Import several classes that support required file functions
  • Create variables for holding the content of the various source .xml files
  • Read the content of the source .xml files
  • Define appropriate expectations

Follow these steps to modify the BlueprintXmlTest.java file:

  1. In Project Explorer, expand the ZooOrderApp project to expose the BlueprintXmlTest.java file:

    tutBlueprintXMLTestProjExp
  2. Open the BlueprintXmlTest.java file.
  3. In the Java editor, click the expand button next to import org.apache.camel.EndpointInject; to expand the list.

  4. Add the two lines shown in bold text. Adding the first line causes an error that will be resolved when you update the pom.xml file as instructed in the next section. 

    package tutorial.zooapp.route;

import org.apache.camel.EndpointInject;
import org.apache.camel.Produce;
import org.apache.camel.ProducerTemplate;
import org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder;
import org.apache.camel.component.mock.MockEndpoint;
import org.apache.camel.test.blueprint.CamelBlueprintTestSupport;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.File;
  5. Scroll down to the lines that follow directly after // Expected message bodies.

  6. Replace those lines — protected Object[] expectedBodies={ …​…​ expectedBody2</something>"}; —  with these protected String body#; lines: 

    protected String body1; protected String body2; protected String body3; protected String body4; protected String body5; protected String body6;

  7. Scroll down to the line public void testCamelRoute() throws Exception {, and insert directly after it the lines body# = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message#.xml"), "UTF-8"); shown below. These lines will indicate an error until you update the pom.xml file as instructed in the next section. 

    // Valid orders body2 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message2.xml"), "UTF-8"); body4 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message4.xml"), "UTF-8"); body5 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message5.xml"), "UTF-8"); body6 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message6.xml"), "UTF-8"); // Invalid orders body1 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message1.xml"), "UTF-8"); body3 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message3.xml"), "UTF-8");
  8. Scroll down to the lines that follow directly after // TODO Ensure expectations make sense for the route(s) we’re testing.

  9. Replace the block of code that begins with outputEndpoint.expectedBodiesReceivedInAnyOrder(expectedBodies); and ends with …​inputEndpoint.sendBody(expectedBody); } with the lines shown here: 

    // Invalid orders outputEndpoint.expectedBodiesReceived(body1, body3); // Valid orders for USA output3Endpoint.expectedBodiesReceived(body2, body5, body6); // Valid order for Germany output4Endpoint.expectedBodiesReceived(body4);

    Leave the remaining code as is.

  10. Save the file.

  11. Check that your updated BlueprintXmlTest.java file has the required modifications. It should look something like this: 

    package tutorial.zooapp.route;

import org.apache.camel.EndpointInject;
import org.apache.camel.Produce;
import org.apache.camel.ProducerTemplate;
import org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder;
import org.apache.camel.component.mock.MockEndpoint;
import org.apache.camel.test.blueprint.CamelBlueprintTestSupport;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.file;

public class BlueprintXmlTest extends CamelBlueprintTestSupport {

	// TODO Create test message bodies that work for the route(s) being tested
	// Expected message bodies
	protected String body1;
	protected String body2;
	protected String body3;
	protected String body4;
	protected String body5;
	protected String body6;
	// Templates to send to input endpoints
	@Produce(uri = "file:src/data?noop=true")
	protected ProducerTemplate inputEndpoint;
	@Produce(uri = "direct:OrderFulfillment")
	protected ProducerTemplate input2Endpoint;
	// Mock endpoints used to consume messages from the output endpoints and then perform assertions
	@EndpointInject(uri = "mock:output")
	protected MockEndpoint outputEndpoint;
	@EndpointInject(uri = "mock:output2")
	protected MockEndpoint output2Endpoint;
	@EndpointInject(uri = "mock:output3")
	protected MockEndpoint output3Endpoint;
	@EndpointInject(uri = "mock:output4")
	protected MockEndpoint output4Endpoint;

	@Test
	public void testCamelRoute() throws Exception {
		// Create routes from the output endpoints to our mock endpoints so we can assert expectations
		context.addRoutes(new RouteBuilder() {
			@Override
			public void configure() throws Exception {
				// Valid orders
				body2 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message2.xml"), "UTF-8");
				body4 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message4.xml"), "UTF-8");
				body5 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message5.xml"), "UTF-8");
				body6 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message6.xml"), "UTF-8");

				// Invalid orders
				body1 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message1.xml"), "UTF-8");
				body3 = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("src/data/message3.xml"), "UTF-8");

				from("file:target/messages/invalidOrders").to(outputEndpoint);
				from("file:target/messages/validOrders/USA").to(output3Endpoint);
				from("file:target/messages/validOrders/Germany").to(output4Endpoint);
				from("direct:OrderFulfillment").to(output2Endpoint);
			}
		});

		// Define some expectations

		// TODO Ensure expectations make sense for the route(s) we're testing
		// Invalid orders
		outputEndpoint.expectedBodiesReceived(body1, body3);

		// Valid orders for USA
		output3Endpoint.expectedBodiesReceived(body2, body5, body6);

		// Valid order for Germany
		output4Endpoint.expectedBodiesReceived(body4);

		// Validate our expectations
		assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();
	}

	@Override
	protected String getBlueprintDescriptor() {
		return "OSGI-INF/blueprint/blueprint.xml";
	}

}

Modifying the pom.xml file

You need to add a dependency on the commons-io project to the ZooOrderApp project’s pom.xml file:

  1. In Project Explorer, select the pom.xml, located below the target folder, and open it in the tooling’s XML editor.
  2. Click the pom.xml tab at the bottom of the page to open the file for editing.

  3. Add these lines to the end of the <dependencies> section: 

    <dependency>
       <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
       <version>2.5</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
  4. Save the file.

Running the JUnit test

To run the test:

  1. Switch to the JBoss perspective to free up more workspace.
  2. In the Project Explorer, right-click the ZooOrderApp project.

  3. Select Run As JUnit Test.

    By default, the JUnit view opens in the sidebar. (To provide a better view, drag it to the bottom, right panel that displays the Console, Servers, and Properties tabs.)

    Note

    Sometimes the test fails the first time JUnit is run on a project. Rerunning the test ususally results in a successful outcome.

    If the test runs successfully, you’ll see something like this:

    Figure 9.2. Successful JUnit run

    JUnit success

    When the test does fail, you’ll see something like this:

    Figure 9.3. Failed JUnit run

    JUnit failure
    Note

    JUnit will fail if your execution environment is not set to Java SE 8. The message bar at the top of the JUnit tab will display an error message indicating that it cannot find the correct SDK.

    To resolve the issue, open the project’s context menu, and select Run As Run Configurations JRE. Click the Environments] button next to the *Execution environment field to locate and select a Java SE 8 environment.

  4. Examine the output and take action to resolve any test failures.

    To see more of the errors displayed in the JUnit panel, click Maximize button on the panel’s menu bar to maximize the view.

    Before you run the JUnit test case again, delete any JUnit-generated test messages from the ZooOrderApp project’s /src/data folder in Project Explorer (see Figure 9.1, “Trace-generated messages”).

Further reading

To learn more about JUnit testing see JUnit.

Next steps

In the Chapter 10, Publishing your project to Red Hat Fuse tutorial, you learn how to publish your Apache Camel project to Red Hat Fuse.

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