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Chapter 8. Basic network isolation

This chapter shows you how to configure the overcloud with the standard network isolation configuration. This includes the following configurations:

  • The rendered environment file to enable network isolation (/usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/environments/network-isolation.yaml).
  • A copied environment file to configure network defaults (/usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/environments/network-environment.yaml).
  • A network_data file to define network settings such as IP ranges, subnets, and virtual IPs. This example shows you how to create a copy of the default and edit it to suit your own network.
  • Templates to define your NIC layout for each node. The overcloud core template collection contains a set of defaults for different use cases.
  • An environment file to enable NICs. This example uses a default file located in the environments directory.
  • Any additional environment files to customize your networking parameters.

The following content in this chapter shows how to define each of these aspects.

8.1. Network isolation
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The overcloud assigns services to the provisioning network by default. However, the director can divide overcloud network traffic into isolated networks. To use isolated networks, the overcloud contains an environment file that enables this feature. The environments/network-isolation.j2.yaml file in the director’s core Heat templates is a Jinja2 file that defines all ports and VIPs for each network in your composable network file. When rendered, it results in a network-isolation.yaml file in the same location with the full resource registry. For example: 

resource_registry:
  # networks as defined in network_data.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::Storage: ../network/storage.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::StorageMgmt: ../network/storage_mgmt.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::InternalApi: ../network/internal_api.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::Tenant: ../network/tenant.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::External: ../network/external.yaml

  # Port assignments for the VIPs
  OS::TripleO::Network::Ports::StorageVipPort: ../network/ports/storage.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::Ports::StorageMgmtVipPort: ../network/ports/storage_mgmt.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::Ports::InternalApiVipPort: ../network/ports/internal_api.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::Ports::ExternalVipPort: ../network/ports/external.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Network::Ports::RedisVipPort: ../network/ports/vip.yaml

  # Port assignments by role, edit role definition to assign networks to roles.
  # Port assignments for the Controller
  OS::TripleO::Controller::Ports::StoragePort: ../network/ports/storage.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Controller::Ports::StorageMgmtPort: ../network/ports/storage_mgmt.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Controller::Ports::InternalApiPort: ../network/ports/internal_api.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Controller::Ports::TenantPort: ../network/ports/tenant.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Controller::Ports::ExternalPort: ../network/ports/external.yaml

  # Port assignments for the Compute
  OS::TripleO::Compute::Ports::StoragePort: ../network/ports/storage.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Compute::Ports::InternalApiPort: ../network/ports/internal_api.yaml
  OS::TripleO::Compute::Ports::TenantPort: ../network/ports/tenant.yaml

  # Port assignments for the CephStorage
  OS::TripleO::CephStorage::Ports::StoragePort: ../network/ports/storage.yaml
  OS::TripleO::CephStorage::Ports::StorageMgmtPort: ../network/ports/storage_mgmt.yaml
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The first section of this file has the resource registry declaration for the OS::TripleO::Network::* resources. By default, these resources use the OS::Heat::None resource type, which does not create any networks. By redirecting these resources to the YAML files for each network, you enable the creation of these networks.

The next several sections create the IP addresses for the nodes in each role. The controller nodes have IPs on each network. The compute and storage nodes each have IPs on a subset of the networks.

Other functions of overcloud networking, such as Chapter 9, Custom composable networks and Chapter 10, Custom network interface templates rely on this network isolation environment file. As a result, you need to include the name of the rendered file with your deployment commands. For example: 

$ openstack overcloud deploy --templates \
    ...
    -e /usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/environments/network-isolation.yaml \
    ...
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8.2. Modifying isolated network configuration
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The network_data file provides a method to configure the default isolated networks. This procedure shows how to create a custom network_data file and configure it according to your network requirements.

Procedure

  1. Copy the default network_data file: 

    $ cp /usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/network_data.yaml /home/stack/.
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  2. Edit the local copy of the network_data.yaml file and modify the parameters to suit your networking requirements. For example, the Internal API network contains the following default network details: 

    - name: InternalApi
  name_lower: internal_api
  vip: true
  vlan: 201
  ip_subnet: '172.16.2.0/24'
  allocation_pools: [{'start': '172.16.2.4', 'end': '172.16.2.250'}]
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Edit the following for each network:

  • vlan defines the VLAN ID to use for this network.
  • ip_subnet and ip_allocation_pools set the default subnet and IP range for the network..
  • gateway sets the gateway for the network. Used mostly to define the default route for the External network, but can be used for other networks if necessary.

Include the custom network_data file with your deployment using the -n option. Without the -n option, the deployment command uses the default network details.

8.3. Network Interface Templates
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The overcloud network configuration requires a set of the network interface templates. These templates are standard Heat templates in YAML format. Each role requires a NIC template so the director can configure each node within that role correctly.

All NIC templates contain the same sections as standard Heat templates:

heat_template_version
The syntax version to use.
description
A string description of the template.
parameters
Network parameters to include in the template.
resources
Takes parameters defined in parameters and applies them to a network configuration script.
outputs
Renders the final script used for configuration.

The default NIC templates in /usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/network/config take advantage of Jinja2 syntax to help render the template. For example, the following snippet from the single-nic-vlans configuration renders a set of VLANs for each network: 

{%- for network in networks if network.enabled|default(true) and network.name in role.networks %}
- type: vlan
  vlan_id:
    get_param: {{network.name}}NetworkVlanID
  addresses:
  - ip_netmask:
      get_param: {{network.name}}IpSubnet
{%- if network.name in role.default_route_networks %}
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For default Compute nodes, this only renders network information for the Storage, Internal API, and Tenant networks: 

- type: vlan
  vlan_id:
    get_param: StorageNetworkVlanID
  device: bridge_name
  addresses:
  - ip_netmask:
      get_param: StorageIpSubnet
- type: vlan
  vlan_id:
    get_param: InternalApiNetworkVlanID
  device: bridge_name
  addresses:
  - ip_netmask:
      get_param: InternalApiIpSubnet
- type: vlan
  vlan_id:
    get_param: TenantNetworkVlanID
  device: bridge_name
  addresses:
  - ip_netmask:
      get_param: TenantIpSubnet
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Chapter 10, Custom network interface templates explores how to render the default Jinja2-based templates to standard YAML versions, which you can use as a basis for customization.

8.4. Default network interface templates
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The director contains templates in /usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/network/config/ to suit most common network scenarios. The following table outlines each NIC template set and the respective environment file to use to enable the templates.

Note

Each environment file for enabling NIC templates uses the suffix .j2.yaml. This is the unrendered Jinja2 version. Ensure that you include the rendered file name, which only uses the .yaml suffix, in your deployment.

Expand
NIC directoryDescriptionEnvironment file

single-nic-vlans

Single NIC (nic1) with control plane and VLANs attached to default Open vSwitch bridge.

environments/net-single-nic-with-vlans.j2.yaml

single-nic-linux-bridge-vlans

Single NIC (nic1) with control plane and VLANs attached to default Linux bridge.

environments/net-single-nic-linux-bridge-with-vlans

bond-with-vlans

Control plane attached to nic1. Default Open vSwitch bridge with bonded NIC configuration (nic2 and nic3) and VLANs attached.

environments/net-bond-with-vlans.yaml

multiple-nics

Control plane attached to nic1. Assigns each sequential NIC to each network defined in the network_data file. By default, this is Storage to nic2, Storage Management to nic3, Internal API to nic4, Tenant to nic5 on the br-tenant bridge, and External to nic6 on the default Open vSwitch bridge.

environments/net-multiple-nics.yaml

Note

Environment files exist for using no external network, for example, net-bond-with-vlans-no-external.yaml, and using IPv6, for example, net-bond-with-vlans-v6.yaml. These are provided for backwards compatibility and do not function with composable networks.

Each default NIC template set contains a role.role.j2.yaml template. This file uses Jinja2 to render additional files for each composable role. For example, if your overcloud uses Compute, Controller, and Ceph Storage roles, the deployment renders new templates based on role.role.j2.yaml, such as the following templates:

  • compute.yaml
  • controller.yaml
  • ceph-storage.yaml.

8.5. Enabling basic network isolation
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This procedure shows you how to enable basic network isolation using one of the default NIC templates. In this case, it is the single NIC with VLANs template (single-nic-vlans).

Procedure

  1. When running the openstack overcloud deploy command, ensure that you include the rendered environment file names for the following files:

    • The custom network_data file.
    • The rendered file name of the default network isolation.
    • The rendered file name of the default network environment file.
    • The rendered file name of the default network interface configuration
    • Any additional environment files relevant to your configuration.

For example: 

$ openstack overcloud deploy --templates \
    ...
    -n /home/stack/network_data.yaml \
    -e /usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/environments/network-isolation.yaml \
    -e /usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/environments/network-environment.yaml \
    -e /usr/share/openstack-tripleo-heat-templates/environments/net-single-nic-with-vlans.yaml \
    ...
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