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Chapter 1. Introducing RHEL on public cloud platforms


Public cloud platforms offer computing resources as a service. Instead of using on-premise hardware, you can run your IT workloads, including Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) systems, as public cloud instances.

1.1. Benefits of using RHEL in a public cloud

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) cloud instances on public cloud platforms have these benefits over on-premise RHEL systems or virtual machines (VMs):

Flexible and fine-grained allocation of resources

A RHEL cloud instance runs as a VM on a cloud platform. The platform is a cluster of remote servers that the cloud service provider maintains. You can select hardware resources at the software level. For example, you can select a CPU type or storage setup.

Unlike a local RHEL system, you are not limited by what your physical host can do. Instead, you can select from many features that the cloud provider offers.

Space and cost efficiency

You do not need to own on-premise servers to host cloud workloads. This removes the space, power, and maintenance needs for physical hardware.

On public cloud platforms, you pay the cloud provider for cloud instance usage. Costs depend on the hardware you use and how long you use it. You can control costs to meet your needs.

Software-controlled configurations

You can save a cloud instance configuration as data on the cloud platform and control it with software. With this configuration, you can create, remove, clone, or migrate instances easily. You can also manage a cloud instance remotely through a cloud provider console. The instance connects to remote storage by default.

You can back up a cloud instance as a snapshot at any time. You can then load the snapshot to restore the instance to the saved state.

Separation from the host and software compatibility

Unlike a local VM, a RHEL cloud instance uses Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) virtualization. The guest kernel is separate from the host operating system. It is also separate from the client system you use to connect to the instance.

You can install any operating system on the cloud instance. On a RHEL public cloud instance, you can run RHEL apps you cannot use on your local operating system.

If the instance operating system becomes unstable or compromised, it does not affect your client system.

1.2. Public cloud use cases for RHEL

Deploying applications on a public cloud offers many benefits, but might not be the most efficient solution for every scenario. If you are evaluating the migration of your Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) deployments to the public cloud, consider whether your use case will benefit from the advantages of the public cloud.

Beneficial use cases

  • Deploying public cloud instances is effective for increasing and decreasing the active computing power of your deployments, also known as scaling up and scaling down. Therefore, consider using RHEL on public cloud for the following scenarios:

    • Clusters with high peak workloads and low general performance requirements. Scaling up and down based on your demands can be efficient in terms of resource costs.
    • Setting up or expanding your clusters to a public cloud to avoid high upfront costs of setting up local servers.
  • Cloud instances are agnostic of the local environment. Therefore, you can use them for backup and disaster recovery.

Potentially problematic use cases

  • You are running an existing environment that is not flexible to migrate to a public cloud. Therefore, customizing a cloud instance to fit the specific needs of an existing deployment might not be suitable for your use case and compared to your current host platform.
  • You are operating on a tight resource budget. Maintaining your deployment in a local data center typically provides less flexibility but more control over the maximum resource costs than the public cloud.

Next steps

1.3. Frequent concerns when migrating to a public cloud

Moving your RHEL workloads from a local environment to a public cloud platform might raise concerns about the changes involved. The following are the most commonly asked questions.

Will my RHEL work differently as a cloud instance than as a local virtual machine?

In most respects, RHEL instances on a public cloud platform work the same as RHEL virtual machines on a local host, such as an on-premises server. Notable exceptions include:

  • Instead of private orchestration interfaces, public cloud instances use provider-specific console interfaces for managing your cloud resources.
  • Certain features, such as nested virtualization, may not work correctly. If a specific feature is critical for your deployment, check the feature’s compatibility in advance with your chosen public cloud provider.

Will my data stay safe in a public cloud as opposed to a local server?

The data in your RHEL cloud instances is in your ownership, and your public cloud provider does not have any access to it. In addition, major cloud providers support data encryption in transit, which improves the security of data when migrating your virtual machines to the public cloud.

The general security of your RHEL public cloud instances is managed as follows:

  • Your public cloud provider is responsible for the security of the cloud hypervisor
  • Red Hat provides the security features of the RHEL guest operating systems in your instances
  • You manage the specific security settings and practices in your cloud infrastructure

What effect does my geographic region have on the functionality of RHEL public cloud instances?

You can use RHEL instances on a public cloud platform regardless of your geographical location. Therefore, you can run your instances in the same region as your on-premises server.

However, hosting your instances in a physically distant region might cause high latency when operating them. In addition, depending on the public cloud provider, certain regions may provide additional features or be more cost-efficient. Before creating your RHEL instances, review the properties of the hosting regions available for your chosen cloud provider.

1.4. Obtaining RHEL for public cloud deployments

To deploy a Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) system in a public cloud environment, you need to:

  1. Select the optimal cloud provider for your use case, based on your requirements and the current offer on the market. The cloud providers currently certified for running RHEL instances are:

  2. Create a RHEL cloud instance on your chosen cloud platform. For more information, see Methods for creating RHEL cloud instances.
  3. To keep your RHEL deployment up-to-date, use Red Hat Update Infrastructure (RHUI).

1.5. Methods for creating RHEL cloud instances

To deploy a RHEL instance on a public cloud platform, you can use one of the following methods:

Expand

Create a system image of RHEL and import it to the cloud platform.

  • To create the system image, you can use the: RHEL image builder or you can build the image manually.
  • This method uses your existing RHEL subscription, and is also referred to as bring your own subscription (BYOS).
  • You pre-pay a yearly subscription, and you can use your Red Hat customer discount.
  • Your customer service is provided by Red Hat.
  • For creating multiple images effectively, you can use the cloud-init tool.

Purchase a RHEL instance directly from the cloud provider marketplace.

  • You post-pay an hourly rate for using the service. Therefore, this method is also referred to as pay as you go (PAYG).
  • Your customer service is provided by the cloud platform provider.
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