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Chapter 2. The Clang compiler

Clang is an LLVM compiler front end for the C-based languages C, C++, Objective C/C++, OpenCL, and Cuda. LLVM Toolset is distributed with Clang 19.1.7.

Note

To compile a C++ program, use clang++ instead of clang.

2.1. Prerequisites
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2.2. Compiling a source file
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Use the Clang compiler to compile source files and assembly language source files. Clang creates an executable binary file as a result of compiling; add the -g flag to enable debug information. To be able to debug your code, enable debug information by adding the -g flag to your Clang commands.

Note

To compile a C++ program, use clang++ instead of clang.

Procedure

  • Compile your program: 

    $ clang -g -o <binary_file> <source_file>

    Replace <binary_file> with the name of your output file and <source_file> with the name of your source file.

2.3. Running a program
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The Clang compiler creates an executable binary file as a result of compiling. Run your program by executing the binary from the directory that contains it.

Prerequisites

Procedure

  • To run your program, enter in the directory containing the executable file: 

    $ ./<binary_file>

    Replace <binary_file> with the name of your executable file.

2.4. Linking object files together
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By linking object files together, you can compile only source files that contain changes instead of your entire project. This approach can reduce build time when you update a subset of sources.

When you are working on a project that consists of several source files, use the Clang compiler to compile an object file for each of the source files. As a next step, link those object files together. Clang automatically generates an executable file containing your linked object files. After compilation, link your object files together again.

Note

To compile a C++ program, use clang++ instead of clang.

Procedure

  1. Compile a source file to an object file: 

    $ clang -o <object_file> -c <source_file>

    Replace <object_file> with the name of your object file and <source_file> with the name of your source file.

  2. Link object files together: 

    $ clang -o <output_file> <object_file_0> <object_file_n>

    Replace <output_file> with the name of your output file and <object_file> with the names of the object files you want to link.

    Important

    At the moment, certain library features are statically linked into applications built with LLVM Toolset to support their execution on multiple versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. This creates a small security risk. Red Hat will issue a security erratum in case you need to rebuild your applications due to this risk.

    Do not statically link your entire application.

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