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Chapter 31. Configuring Native Container Routing

31.1. Network Overview
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The following describes a general network setup:

  • 11.11.0.0/16 is the container network.
  • The 11.11.x.0/24 subnet is reserved for each node and assigned to the Docker Linux bridge.
  • Each node has a route to the router for reaching anything in the 11.11.0.0/16 range, except the local subnet.
  • The router has routes for each node, so it can be directed to the right node.
  • Existing nodes do not need any changes when new nodes are added, unless the network topology is modified.
  • IP forwarding is enabled on each node.

The following diagram shows the container networking setup described in this topic. It uses one Linux node with two network interface cards serving as a router, two switches, and three nodes connected to these switches.

Network Diagram
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Network Diagram

31.2. Configure Native Container Routing
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You can set up container networking using existing switches and routers, and the kernel networking stack in Linux.

As a network administrator, you must modify, or create a script to modify, the router or routers when new nodes are added to the cluster.

You can adapt this process to use with any type of router.

31.3. Setting up a Node for Container Networking
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  1. Assign an unused 11.11.x.0/24 subnet IP address to the Linux bridge on the node: 

    # brctl addbr lbr0
# ip addr add 11.11.1.1/24 dev lbr0
# ip link set dev lbr0 up
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  2. Modify the Docker startup script to use the new bridge. By default, the startup script is the /etc/sysconfig/docker file: 

    # docker -d -b lbr0 --other-options
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  3. Add a route to the router for the 11.11.0.0/16 network: 

    # ip route add 11.11.0.0/16 via 192.168.2.2 dev p3p1
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  4. Enable IP forwarding on the node: 

    # sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
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31.4. Setting up a Router for Container Networking
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The following procedure assumes a Linux box with multiple NICs is used as a router. Modify the steps as required to use the syntax for a particular router:

  1. Enable IP forwarding on the router: 

    # sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
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  2. Add a route for each node added to the cluster: 

    # ip route add <node_subnet> via <node_ip_address> dev <interface through which node is L2 accessible>
# ip route add 11.11.1.0/24 via 192.168.2.1 dev p3p1
# ip route add 11.11.2.0/24 via 192.168.3.3 dev p3p2
# ip route add 11.11.3.0/24 via 192.168.3.4 dev p3p2
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