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Chapter 4. Using the PHP scripting language

Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) is a general-purpose scripting language mainly used for server-side scripting. You can use PHP to run the PHP code by using a web server.

4.1. Installing the PHP scripting language
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In RHEL 10, PHP is available in PHP 8.3 as the php RPM package.

Procedure

  • To install PHP 8.3, enter: 

    # dnf install php
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Additional resources

4.2. Using the PHP scripting language with a web server
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4.2.1. Using PHP with the Apache HTTP Server
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In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, the Apache HTTP Server allows you to run PHP as a FastCGI process server. FastCGI Process Manager (FPM) is an alternative PHP FastCGI daemon that allows a website to manage high loads. PHP uses FastCGI Process Manager by default in RHEL 10.

Prerequisites

  • The PHP scripting language is installed on your system.

Procedure

  • Configure the Apache HTTP Server and php-fpm to run PHP scripts.

    1. Install the httpd package: 

      # dnf install httpd
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    2. Start the Apache HTTP Server: 

      # systemctl start httpd
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      Or, if the Apache HTTP Server is already running on your system, restart the httpd service after installing PHP: 

      # systemctl restart httpd
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    3. Start the php-fpm service: 

      # systemctl start php-fpm
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    4. Optional: Enable both services to start at boot time: 

      # systemctl enable php-fpm httpd
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    5. To obtain information about your PHP settings, create the index.php file with the following content in the /var/www/html/ directory: 

      # echo '<?php phpinfo(); ?>' > /var/www/html/index.php
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    6. To run the index.php file, point the browser to: 

      http://<hostname>/
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    7. Optional: Adjust configuration if you have specific requirements:

      • /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf - generic httpd configuration
      • /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf - PHP-specific configuration for httpd
      • /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.d/php-fpm.conf - by default, the php-fpm service is started with httpd
      • /etc/php-fpm.conf - FPM main configuration
      • /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf - default www pool configuration

  • Run the "Hello, World!" PHP script using the Apache HTTP Server.

    1. Create a hello directory for your project in the /var/www/html/ directory: 

      # mkdir hello
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    2. Create a hello.php file in the /var/www/html/hello/ directory with the following content: 

      # <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello, World! Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
    echo 'Hello, World!';
?>
</body>
</html>
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    3. Start the Apache HTTP Server: 

      # systemctl start httpd
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    4. To run the hello.php file, point the browser to: 

      http://<hostname>/hello/hello.php
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      As a result, a web page with the "Hello, World!" text is displayed.

      See httpd(8), httpd.conf(5), and php-fpm(8) man pages for more information.

4.2.2. Using PHP with the nginx web server
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You can run PHP code through the nginx web server.

Prerequisites

  • The PHP scripting language is installed on your system.

Procedure

  • Configure the nginx web server and php-fpm to run PHP scripts.

    1. Install the nginx package: 

      # dnf install nginx
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    2. Start the nginx server: 

      # systemctl start nginx
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      Or, if the nginx server is already running on your system, restart the nginx service after installing PHP: 

      # systemctl restart nginx
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    3. Start the php-fpm service: 

      # systemctl start php-fpm
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    4. Optional: Enable both services to start at boot time: 

      # systemctl enable php-fpm nginx
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    5. To obtain information about your PHP settings, create the index.php file with the following content in the /usr/share/nginx/html/ directory: 

      # echo '<?php phpinfo(); ?>' > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    6. To run the index.php file, point the browser to: 

      http://<hostname>/
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    7. Optional: Adjust configuration if you have specific requirements:

      • /etc/nginx/nginx.conf - nginx main configuration
      • /etc/nginx/conf.d/php-fpm.conf - FPM configuration for nginx
      • /etc/php-fpm.conf - FPM main configuration
      • /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf - default www pool configuration

  • Run the "Hello, World!" PHP script using the nginx server.

    1. Create a hello directory for your project in the /usr/share/nginx/html/ directory: 

      # mkdir hello
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    2. Create a hello.php file in the /usr/share/nginx/html/hello/ directory with the following content: 

      # <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello, World! Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
    echo 'Hello, World!';
?>
</body>
</html>
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    3. Start the nginx server: 

      # systemctl start nginx
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    4. To run the hello.php file, point the browser to: 

      http://<hostname>/hello/hello.php
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      As a result, a web page with the "Hello, World!" text is displayed.

      See nginx(8) and php-fpm(8) man pages for more information.

4.3. Running a PHP script using the command line
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A PHP script is usually run using a web server, but also can be run using the command line.

Prerequisites

  • The PHP scripting language is installed on your system.

Procedure

  1. Open a text editor and create a PHP file named hello.php with the following content: 

    <?php
    echo 'Hello, World!';
?>
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  2. Open a terminal and navigate to the directory containing hello.php.

  3. Run the PHP script from the command line: 

    $ php hello.php
Hello, World!
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    See php(1) man pages for more information.

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