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Chapter 7. Using SOAP 1.2 Messages

Abstract

Apache CXF provides tools to generate a SOAP 1.2 binding which does not use any SOAP headers. You can add SOAP headers to your binding using any text or XML editor.

7.1. Adding a SOAP 1.2 Binding to a WSDL Document
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Using wsdl2soap
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Note

To use wsdl2soap you will need to download the Apache CXF distribution.

To generate a SOAP 1.2 binding using wsdl2soap use the following command: wsdl2soap-iport-type-name-bbinding-name-soap12-doutput-directory-ooutput-file-nsoap-body-namespace-style (document/rpc)-use (literal/encoded)-v-verbose-quietwsdlurl The tool has the following required arguments:

Expand
OptionInterpretation

-i port-type-name

Specifies the portType element for which a binding is generated.

-soap12

Specifies that the generated binding uses SOAP 1.2.

wsdlurl

The path and name of the WSDL file containing the portType element definition.

The tool has the following optional arguments:

Expand
OptionInterpretation

-b binding-name

Specifies the name of the generated SOAP binding.

-soap12

Specifies that the generated binding will use SOAP 1.2.

-d output-directory

Specifies the directory to place the generated WSDL file.

-o output-file

Specifies the name of the generated WSDL file.

-n soap-body-namespace

Specifies the SOAP body namespace when the style is RPC.

-style (document/rpc)

Specifies the encoding style (document or RPC) to use in the SOAP binding. The default is document.

-use (literal/encoded)

Specifies the binding use (encoded or literal) to use in the SOAP binding. The default is literal.

-v

Displays the version number for the tool.

-verbose

Displays comments during the code generation process.

-quiet

Suppresses comments during the code generation process.

The -i port-type-name and wsdlurl arguments are required. If the -style rpc argument is specified, the -n soap-body-namspace argument is also required. All other arguments are optional and can be listed in any order.

Important

wsdl2soap does not support the generation of document/encoded SOAP 1.2 bindings.

Example
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If your system has an interface that takes orders and offers a single operation to process the orders it is defined in a WSDL fragment similar to the one shown in Example 7.1, “Ordering System Interface”.

Example 7.1. Ordering System Interface

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<definitions name="widgetOrderForm.wsdl"
    targetNamespace="http://widgetVendor.com/widgetOrderForm"
    xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
    xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/"
    xmlns:tns="http://widgetVendor.com/widgetOrderForm"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:xsd1="http://widgetVendor.com/types/widgetTypes"
    xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">

<message name="widgetOrder">
  <part name="numOrdered" type="xsd:int"/>
</message>
<message name="widgetOrderBill">
  <part name="price" type="xsd:float"/>
</message>
<message name="badSize">
  <part name="numInventory" type="xsd:int"/>
</message>

<portType name="orderWidgets">
  <operation name="placeWidgetOrder">
    <input message="tns:widgetOrder" name="order"/>
    <output message="tns:widgetOrderBill" name="bill"/>
    <fault message="tns:badSize" name="sizeFault"/>
  </operation>
</portType>
...
</definitions>
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The SOAP binding generated for orderWidgets is shown in Example 7.2, “SOAP 1.2 Binding for orderWidgets”.

Example 7.2. SOAP 1.2 Binding for orderWidgets

<binding name="orderWidgetsBinding" type="tns:orderWidgets">
  <soap12:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <operation name="placeWidgetOrder">
      <soap12:operation soapAction="" style="document"/>
      <input name="order">
        <soap12:body use="literal"/>
      </input>
      <output name="bill">
        <wsoap12:body use="literal"/>
      </output>
      <fault name="sizeFault">
        <soap12:body use="literal"/>
      </fault>
  </operation>
</binding>
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This binding specifies that messages are sent using the document/literal message style.

7.2. Adding Headers to a SOAP 1.2 Message
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Overview
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SOAP message headers are defined by adding soap12:header elements to your SOAP 1.2 message. The soap12:header element is an optional child of the input, output, and fault elements of the binding. The SOAP header becomes part of the parent message. A SOAP header is defined by specifying a message and a message part. Each SOAP header can only contain one message part, but you can insert as many headers as needed.

Syntax
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The syntax for defining a SOAP header is shown in Example 7.3, “SOAP Header Syntax”.

Example 7.3. SOAP Header Syntax

<binding name="headwig">
  <soap12:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <operation name="weave">
      <soap12:operation soapAction="" style="documment"/>
      <input name="grain">
        <soap12:body ... />
        <soap12:header message="QName" part="partName"
                       use="literal|encoded"
                        encodingStyle="encodingURI"
                        namespace="namespaceURI" />
      </input>
...
</binding>
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The soap12:header element’s attributes are described in Table 7.1, “soap12:header Attributes”.

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Table 7.1. soap12:header Attributes
AttributeDescription

message

A required attribute specifying the qualified name of the message from which the part being inserted into the header is taken.

part

A required attribute specifying the name of the message part inserted into the SOAP header.

use

Specifies if the message parts are to be encoded using encoding rules. If set to encoded the message parts are encoded using the encoding rules specified by the value of the encodingStyle attribute. If set to literal, the message parts are defined by the schema types referenced.

encodingStyle

Specifies the encoding rules used to construct the message.

namespace

Defines the namespace to be assigned to the header element serialized with use="encoded".

Splitting messages between body and header
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The message part inserted into the SOAP header can be any valid message part from the contract. It can even be a part from the parent message which is being used as the SOAP body. Because it is unlikely that you would send information twice in the same message, the SOAP 1.2 binding provides a means for specifying the message parts that are inserted into the SOAP body.

The soap12:body element has an optional attribute, parts, that takes a space delimited list of part names. When parts is defined, only the message parts listed are inserted into the body of the SOAP 1.2 message. You can then insert the remaining parts into the message’s header.

Note

When you define a SOAP header using parts of the parent message, Apache CXF automatically fills in the SOAP headers for you.

Example
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Example 7.4, “SOAP 1.2 Binding with a SOAP Header” shows a modified version of the orderWidgets service shown in Example 7.1, “Ordering System Interface”. This version is modified so that each order has an xsd:base64binary value placed in the header of the request and the response. The header is defined as being the keyVal part from the widgetKey message. In this case you are responsible for adding the application logic to create the header because it is not part of the input or output message.

Example 7.4. SOAP 1.2 Binding with a SOAP Header

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<definitions name="widgetOrderForm.wsdl"
    targetNamespace="http://widgetVendor.com/widgetOrderForm"
    xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
    xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/"
    xmlns:tns="http://widgetVendor.com/widgetOrderForm"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:xsd1="http://widgetVendor.com/types/widgetTypes"
    xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">

<types>
  <schema targetNamespace="http://widgetVendor.com/types/widgetTypes"
           xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">
    <element name="keyElem" type="xsd:base64Binary"/>
  </schema>
</types>

<message name="widgetOrder">
  <part name="numOrdered" type="xsd:int"/>
</message>
<message name="widgetOrderBill">
  <part name="price" type="xsd:float"/>
</message>
<message name="badSize">
  <part name="numInventory" type="xsd:int"/>
</message>
<message name="widgetKey">
  <part name="keyVal" element="xsd1:keyElem"/>
</message>

<portType name="orderWidgets">
  <operation name="placeWidgetOrder">
    <input message="tns:widgetOrder" name="order"/>
    <output message="tns:widgetOrderBill" name="bill"/>
    <fault message="tns:badSize" name="sizeFault"/>
  </operation>
</portType>

<binding name="orderWidgetsBinding" type="tns:orderWidgets">
  <soap12:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <operation name="placeWidgetOrder">
      <soap12:operation soapAction="" style="document"/>
      <input name="order">
        <soap12:body use="literal"/>
        <soap12:header message="tns:widgetKey" part="keyVal"/>
      </input>
      <output name="bill">
        <soap12:body use="literal"/>
        <soap12:header message="tns:widgetKey" part="keyVal"/>
      </output>
      <fault name="sizeFault">
        <soap12:body use="literal"/>
      </fault>
  </operation>
</binding>
...
</definitions>
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You can modify Example 7.4, “SOAP 1.2 Binding with a SOAP Header” so that the header value is a part of the input and output messages, as shown in Example 7.5, “SOAP 1.2 Binding for orderWidgets with a SOAP Header”. In this case keyVal is a part of the input and output messages. In the soap12:body elements the parts attribute specifies that keyVal should not be inserted into the body. However, it is inserted into the header.

Example 7.5. SOAP 1.2 Binding for orderWidgets with a SOAP Header

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<definitions name="widgetOrderForm.wsdl"
    targetNamespace="http://widgetVendor.com/widgetOrderForm"
    xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
    xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/"
    xmlns:tns="http://widgetVendor.com/widgetOrderForm"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:xsd1="http://widgetVendor.com/types/widgetTypes"
    xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">

<types>
  <schema targetNamespace="http://widgetVendor.com/types/widgetTypes"
           xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">
    <element name="keyElem" type="xsd:base64Binary"/>
  </schema>
</types>

<message name="widgetOrder">
  <part name="numOrdered" type="xsd:int"/>
  <part name="keyVal" element="xsd1:keyElem"/>
</message>
<message name="widgetOrderBill">
  <part name="price" type="xsd:float"/>
  <part name="keyVal" element="xsd1:keyElem"/>
</message>
<message name="badSize">
  <part name="numInventory" type="xsd:int"/>
</message>

<portType name="orderWidgets">
  <operation name="placeWidgetOrder">
    <input message="tns:widgetOrder" name="order"/>
    <output message="tns:widgetOrderBill" name="bill"/>
    <fault message="tns:badSize" name="sizeFault"/>
  </operation>
</portType>

<binding name="orderWidgetsBinding" type="tns:orderWidgets">
  <soap12:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <operation name="placeWidgetOrder">
      <soap12:operation soapAction="" style="document"/>
      <input name="order">
        <soap12:body use="literal" parts="numOrdered"/>
        <soap12:header message="tns:widgetOrder" part="keyVal"/>
      </input>
      <output name="bill">
        <soap12:body use="literal" parts="bill"/>
        <soap12:header message="tns:widgetOrderBill" part="keyVal"/>
      </output>
      <fault name="sizeFault">
        <soap12:body use="literal"/>
      </fault>
  </operation>
</binding>
...
</definitions>
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