9.9. NFS and rpcbind
注意
The following section only applies to NFSv2 or NFSv3 implementations that require the
rpcbind service for backward compatibility.
The
rpcbind[3] utility maps RPC services to the ports on which they listen. RPC processes notify rpcbind when they start, registering the ports they are listening on and the RPC program numbers they expect to serve. The client system then contacts rpcbind on the server with a particular RPC program number. The rpcbind service redirects the client to the proper port number so it can communicate with the requested service.
Because RPC-based services rely on
rpcbind to make all connections with incoming client requests, rpcbind must be available before any of these services start.
The
rpcbind service uses TCP wrappers for access control, and access control rules for rpcbind affect all RPC-based services. Alternatively, it is possible to specify access control rules for each of the NFS RPC daemons. The man pages for rpc.mountd and rpc.statd contain information regarding the precise syntax for these rules.
9.9.1. Troubleshooting NFS and rpcbind
Because
rpcbind[3] provides coordination between RPC services and the port numbers used to communicate with them, it is useful to view the status of current RPC services using rpcbind when troubleshooting. The rpcinfo command shows each RPC-based service with port numbers, an RPC program number, a version number, and an IP protocol type (TCP or UDP).
To make sure the proper NFS RPC-based services are enabled for
rpcbind, issue the following command:
# rpcinfo -p例 9.7. rpcinfo -p command output
The following is sample output from this command:
program vers proto port service
100021 1 udp 32774 nlockmgr
100021 3 udp 32774 nlockmgr
100021 4 udp 32774 nlockmgr
100021 1 tcp 34437 nlockmgr
100021 3 tcp 34437 nlockmgr
100021 4 tcp 34437 nlockmgr
100011 1 udp 819 rquotad
100011 2 udp 819 rquotad
100011 1 tcp 822 rquotad
100011 2 tcp 822 rquotad
100003 2 udp 2049 nfs
100003 3 udp 2049 nfs
100003 2 tcp 2049 nfs
100003 3 tcp 2049 nfs
100005 1 udp 836 mountd
100005 1 tcp 839 mountd
100005 2 udp 836 mountd
100005 2 tcp 839 mountd
100005 3 udp 836 mountd
100005 3 tcp 839 mountd
If one of the NFS services does not start up correctly,
rpcbind will be unable to map RPC requests from clients for that service to the correct port. In many cases, if NFS is not present in rpcinfo output, restarting NFS causes the service to correctly register with rpcbind and begin working.
For more information and a list of options on
rpcinfo, refer to its man page.
