11.11. 设置审计来监控软件更新

流程

1. 将预先配置的规则文件 44-installers.rules 从 /usr/share/audit/sample-rules/ 目录复制到 /etc/audit/rules.d/ 目录中：

   # cp /usr/share/audit/sample-rules/44-installers.rules /etc/audit/rules.d/

   Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

2. 加载审计规则：

   # augenrules --load

   Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

验证

1. 列出载入的规则：

   # auditctl -l
   -p x-w /usr/bin/dnf-3 -k software-installer
   -p x-w /usr/bin/yum -k software-installer
   -p x-w /usr/bin/pip -k software-installer
   -p x-w /usr/bin/npm -k software-installer
   -p x-w /usr/bin/cpan -k software-installer
   -p x-w /usr/bin/gem -k software-installer
   -p x-w /usr/bin/luarocks -k software-installer

   Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

2. 执行安装，例如：

   # dnf reinstall -y vim-enhanced

   Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

3. 在审计日志中搜索最近的安装事件，例如：

   # ausearch -ts recent -k software-installer
   ––––
   time->Thu Dec 16 10:33:46 2021
   type=PROCTITLE msg=audit(1639668826.074:298): proctitle=2F7573722F6C6962657865632F706C6174666F726D2D707974686F6E002F7573722F62696E2F646E66007265696E7374616C6C002D790076696D2D656E68616E636564
   type=PATH msg=audit(1639668826.074:298): item=2 name="/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2" inode=10092 dev=fd:01 mode=0100755 ouid=0 ogid=0 rdev=00:00 obj=system_u:object_r:ld_so_t:s0 nametype=NORMAL cap_fp=0 cap_fi=0 cap_fe=0 cap_fver=0 cap_frootid=0
   type=PATH msg=audit(1639668826.074:298): item=1 name="/usr/libexec/platform-python" inode=4618433 dev=fd:01 mode=0100755 ouid=0 ogid=0 rdev=00:00 obj=system_u:object_r:bin_t:s0 nametype=NORMAL cap_fp=0 cap_fi=0 cap_fe=0 cap_fver=0 cap_frootid=0
   type=PATH msg=audit(1639668826.074:298): item=0 name="/usr/bin/dnf" inode=6886099 dev=fd:01 mode=0100755 ouid=0 ogid=0 rdev=00:00 obj=system_u:object_r:rpm_exec_t:s0 nametype=NORMAL cap_fp=0 cap_fi=0 cap_fe=0 cap_fver=0 cap_frootid=0
   type=CWD msg=audit(1639668826.074:298): cwd="/root"
   type=EXECVE msg=audit(1639668826.074:298): argc=5 a0="/usr/libexec/platform-python" a1="/usr/bin/dnf" a2="reinstall" a3="-y" a4="vim-enhanced"
   type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1639668826.074:298): arch=c000003e syscall=59 success=yes exit=0 a0=55c437f22b20 a1=55c437f2c9d0 a2=55c437f2aeb0 a3=8 items=3 ppid=5256 pid=5375 auid=0 uid=0 gid=0 euid=0 suid=0 fsuid=0 egid=0 sgid=0 fsgid=0 tty=pts0 ses=3 comm="dnf" exe="/usr/libexec/platform-python3.6" subj=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 key="software-installer"

   Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap