4.9. 配置共享块存储

流程

1. 创建 共享块卷 ：

   $ az disk create -g <resource_group> \ -n <shared_block_volume_name> \ --size-gb <disk_size> \ --max-shares <number_vms> \ -l <location>

   例如，以下命令在 Azure Availability Zone westcentralus 的资源组 sharedblock 中创建名为 shared-block-volume.vhd 的共享块卷。

   $ az disk create -g sharedblock-rg \ -n shared-block-volume.vhd \ --size-gb 1024 \ --max-shares 3 \ -l westcentralus

   {
     "creationData": {
       "createOption": "Empty",
       "galleryImageReference": null,
       "imageReference": null,
       "sourceResourceId": null,
       "sourceUniqueId": null,
       "sourceUri": null,
       "storageAccountId": null,
       "uploadSizeBytes": null
     },
     "diskAccessId": null,
     "diskIopsReadOnly": null,
     "diskIopsReadWrite": 5000,
     "diskMbpsReadOnly": null,
     "diskMbpsReadWrite": 200,
     "diskSizeBytes": 1099511627776,
     "diskSizeGb": 1024,
     "diskState": "Unattached",
     "encryption": {
       "diskEncryptionSetId": null,
       "type": "EncryptionAtRestWithPlatformKey"
     },
     "encryptionSettingsCollection": null,
     "hyperVgeneration": "V1",
     "id": "/subscriptions/12345678910-12345678910/resourceGroups/sharedblock-rg/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/shared-block-volume.vhd",
     "location": "westcentralus",
     "managedBy": null,
     "managedByExtended": null,
     "maxShares": 3,
     "name": "shared-block-volume.vhd",
     "networkAccessPolicy": "AllowAll",
     "osType": null,
     "provisioningState": "Succeeded",
     "resourceGroup": "sharedblock-rg",
     "shareInfo": null,
     "sku": {
       "name": "Premium_LRS",
       "tier": "Premium"
     },
     "tags": {},
     "timeCreated": "2020-08-27T15:36:56.263382+00:00",
     "type": "Microsoft.Compute/disks",
     "uniqueId": "cd8b0a25-6fbe-4779-9312-8d9cbb89b6f2",
     "zones": null
   }

2. 验证 共享块卷 ：

   $ az disk show -g <resource_group> -n <shared_block_volume_name>

   例如，以下命令显示资源组 sharedblock-rg 中共享块卷 shared-block-volume.vhd 的详细信息。

   $ az disk show -g sharedblock-rg -n shared-block-volume.vhd

   {
     "creationData": {
       "createOption": "Empty",
       "galleryImageReference": null,
       "imageReference": null,
       "sourceResourceId": null,
       "sourceUniqueId": null,
       "sourceUri": null,
       "storageAccountId": null,
       "uploadSizeBytes": null
     },
     "diskAccessId": null,
     "diskIopsReadOnly": null,
     "diskIopsReadWrite": 5000,
     "diskMbpsReadOnly": null,
     "diskMbpsReadWrite": 200,
     "diskSizeBytes": 1099511627776,
     "diskSizeGb": 1024,
     "diskState": "Unattached",
     "encryption": {
       "diskEncryptionSetId": null,
       "type": "EncryptionAtRestWithPlatformKey"
     },
     "encryptionSettingsCollection": null,
     "hyperVgeneration": "V1",
     "id": "/subscriptions/12345678910-12345678910/resourceGroups/sharedblock-rg/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/shared-block-volume.vhd",
     "location": "westcentralus",
     "managedBy": null,
     "managedByExtended": null,
     "maxShares": 3,
     "name": "shared-block-volume.vhd",
     "networkAccessPolicy": "AllowAll",
     "osType": null,
     "provisioningState": "Succeeded",
     "resourceGroup": "sharedblock-rg",
     "shareInfo": null,
     "sku": {
       "name": "Premium_LRS",
       "tier": "Premium"
     },
     "tags": {},
     "timeCreated": "2020-08-27T15:36:56.263382+00:00",
     "type": "Microsoft.Compute/disks",
     "uniqueId": "cd8b0a25-6fbe-4779-9312-8d9cbb89b6f2",
     "zones": null
   }

3. 创建 三个网络接口。对每个节点使用不同的 <nic_name> 运行以下命令三次：

   $ az network nic create \ -g <resource_group> \ -n <nic_name> \ --subnet <subnet_name> \ --vnet-name <virtual_network> \ --location <location> \ --network-security-group <network_security_group> \ --private-ip-address-version IPv4

   例如，以下命令创建一个名为 shareblock-nodea-vm-nic-protected 的网络接口：

   $ az network nic create \ -g sharedblock-rg \ -n sharedblock-nodea-vm-nic-protected \ --subnet sharedblock-subnet-protected \ --vnet-name sharedblock-vn \ --location westcentralus \ --network-security-group sharedblock-nsg \ --private-ip-address-version IPv4

4. 创建三个虚拟机，并附加共享块卷。每个虚拟机的选项值都一样，除了每个虚拟机都有自己的 <vm_name>, <new_vm_disk_name> 和 <nic_name> :

   $ az vm create \ -n <vm_name> \ -g <resource_group> \ --attach-data-disks <shared_block_volume_name> \ --data-disk-caching None \ --os-disk-caching ReadWrite \ --os-disk-name <new_vm_disk_name> \ --os-disk-size-gb <disk_size> \ --location <location> \ --size <virtual_machine_size> \ --image <image_name> \ --admin-username <vm_username> \ --authentication-type ssh \ --ssh-key-values <ssh_key> \ --nics <nic_name> \ --availability-set <availability_set> \ --ppg <proximity_placement_group>

   例如，以下命令创建一个名为 sharedblock-nodea-vm 的虚拟机：

   $ az vm create \ -n sharedblock-nodea-vm \ -g sharedblock-rg \ --attach-data-disks shared-block-volume.vhd \ --data-disk-caching None \ --os-disk-caching ReadWrite \ --os-disk-name sharedblock-nodea-vm.vhd \ --os-disk-size-gb 64 \ --location westcentralus \ --size Standard_D2s_v3 \ --image /subscriptions/12345678910-12345678910/resourceGroups/sample-azureimagesgroupwestcentralus/providers/Microsoft.Compute/images/sample-azure-rhel-10.3.0-20200713.n.0.x86_64 \ --admin-username sharedblock-user \ --authentication-type ssh \ --ssh-key-values @sharedblock-key.pub \ --nics sharedblock-nodea-vm-nic-protected \ --availability-set sharedblock-as \ --ppg sharedblock-ppg

   {
     "fqdns": "",
     "id": "/subscriptions/12345678910-12345678910/resourceGroups/sharedblock-rg/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/sharedblock-nodea-vm",
     "location": "westcentralus",
     "macAddress": "00-22-48-5D-EE-FB",
     "powerState": "VM running",
     "privateIpAddress": "198.51.100.3",
     "publicIpAddress": "",
     "resourceGroup": "sharedblock-rg",
     "zones": ""
   }

验证

1. 对于集群中的每个虚拟机，验证块设备是否可用。为此，使用 ssh 命令和虚拟机的 IP 地址连接到 vm：

   # ssh <ip_address> "hostname ; lsblk -d | grep ' 1T '"

   例如，以下命令列出了包括虚拟机 IP 198.51.100.3 的主机名和块设备的详细信息：

   # ssh 198.51.100.3 "hostname ; lsblk -d | grep ' 1T '"

   nodea
   sdb    8:16   0    1T  0 disk

2. 使用 ssh 工具验证集群中的每个虚拟机是否都使用同一个共享磁盘：

   # ssh <ip_address> "hostname ; lsblk -d | grep ' 1T ' | awk '{print \$1}' | xargs -i udevadm info --query=all --name=/dev/{} | grep '^E: ID_SERIAL='"

   例如，以下命令列出了包括实例 IP 地址 198.51.100.3 的主机名和共享磁盘卷 ID 的详细信息：

   # ssh 198.51.100.3 "hostname ; lsblk -d | grep ' 1T ' | awk '{print \$1}' | xargs -i udevadm info --query=all --name=/dev/{} | grep '^E: ID_SERIAL='"

   nodea
   E: ID_SERIAL=3600224808dd8eb102f6ffc5822c41d89

   验证每个虚拟机是否连接到共享磁盘后，您可以为集群配置弹性存储。