4.16. 配置共享块存储

流程

1. 使用 Azure 命令 az disk create 创建共享块卷。

   $ az disk create -g <resource_group> -n <shared_block_volume_name> --size-gb <disk_size> --max-shares <number_vms> -l <location>

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   例如，以下命令在 Azure Availability Zone westcentralus 的资源组 sharedblock 中创建名为 shared-block-volume.vhd 的共享块卷。

   $ az disk create -g sharedblock-rg -n shared-block-volume.vhd --size-gb 1024 --max-shares 3 -l westcentralus
   
   {
     "creationData": {
       "createOption": "Empty",
       "galleryImageReference": null,
       "imageReference": null,
       "sourceResourceId": null,
       "sourceUniqueId": null,
       "sourceUri": null,
       "storageAccountId": null,
       "uploadSizeBytes": null
     },
     "diskAccessId": null,
     "diskIopsReadOnly": null,
     "diskIopsReadWrite": 5000,
     "diskMbpsReadOnly": null,
     "diskMbpsReadWrite": 200,
     "diskSizeBytes": 1099511627776,
     "diskSizeGb": 1024,
     "diskState": "Unattached",
     "encryption": {
       "diskEncryptionSetId": null,
       "type": "EncryptionAtRestWithPlatformKey"
     },
     "encryptionSettingsCollection": null,
     "hyperVgeneration": "V1",
     "id": "/subscriptions/12345678910-12345678910/resourceGroups/sharedblock-rg/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/shared-block-volume.vhd",
     "location": "westcentralus",
     "managedBy": null,
     "managedByExtended": null,
     "maxShares": 3,
     "name": "shared-block-volume.vhd",
     "networkAccessPolicy": "AllowAll",
     "osType": null,
     "provisioningState": "Succeeded",
     "resourceGroup": "sharedblock-rg",
     "shareInfo": null,
     "sku": {
       "name": "Premium_LRS",
       "tier": "Premium"
     },
     "tags": {},
     "timeCreated": "2020-08-27T15:36:56.263382+00:00",
     "type": "Microsoft.Compute/disks",
     "uniqueId": "cd8b0a25-6fbe-4779-9312-8d9cbb89b6f2",
     "zones": null
   }

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2. 使用 Azure 命令 az disk show 验证您是否已创建了共享块卷。

   $ az disk show -g <resource_group> -n <shared_block_volume_name>

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   例如，以下命令显示资源组 sharedblock-rg 中共享块卷 shared-block-volume.vhd 的详细信息。

   $ az disk show -g sharedblock-rg -n shared-block-volume.vhd
   
   {
     "creationData": {
       "createOption": "Empty",
       "galleryImageReference": null,
       "imageReference": null,
       "sourceResourceId": null,
       "sourceUniqueId": null,
       "sourceUri": null,
       "storageAccountId": null,
       "uploadSizeBytes": null
     },
     "diskAccessId": null,
     "diskIopsReadOnly": null,
     "diskIopsReadWrite": 5000,
     "diskMbpsReadOnly": null,
     "diskMbpsReadWrite": 200,
     "diskSizeBytes": 1099511627776,
     "diskSizeGb": 1024,
     "diskState": "Unattached",
     "encryption": {
       "diskEncryptionSetId": null,
       "type": "EncryptionAtRestWithPlatformKey"
     },
     "encryptionSettingsCollection": null,
     "hyperVgeneration": "V1",
     "id": "/subscriptions/12345678910-12345678910/resourceGroups/sharedblock-rg/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/shared-block-volume.vhd",
     "location": "westcentralus",
     "managedBy": null,
     "managedByExtended": null,
     "maxShares": 3,
     "name": "shared-block-volume.vhd",
     "networkAccessPolicy": "AllowAll",
     "osType": null,
     "provisioningState": "Succeeded",
     "resourceGroup": "sharedblock-rg",
     "shareInfo": null,
     "sku": {
       "name": "Premium_LRS",
       "tier": "Premium"
     },
     "tags": {},
     "timeCreated": "2020-08-27T15:36:56.263382+00:00",
     "type": "Microsoft.Compute/disks",
     "uniqueId": "cd8b0a25-6fbe-4779-9312-8d9cbb89b6f2",
     "zones": null
   }

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3. 使用 Azure 命令 az network nic create 创建三个网络接口。对每个使用不同的 <nic_name> 来运行以下命令三次。

   $ az network nic create \
       -g <resource_group> -n <nic_name> --subnet <subnet_name> \
       --vnet-name <virtual_network> --location <location> \
       --network-security-group <network_security_group> --private-ip-address-version IPv4

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   例如，以下命令创建一个名为 shareblock-nodea-vm-nic-protected 的网络接口：

   $ az network nic create \
       -g sharedblock-rg -n sharedblock-nodea-vm-nic-protected --subnet sharedblock-subnet-protected \
       --vnet-name sharedblock-vn --location westcentralus \
       --network-security-group sharedblock-nsg --private-ip-address-version IPv4

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4. 使用 Azure 命令 az vm create 创建三个虚拟机，并附加共享块卷。每个虚拟机的选项值都相同，但每个虚拟机都有自己的 <vm_name>、<new_vm_disk_name> 和 <nic_name>。

   $ az vm create \
       -n <vm_name> -g <resource_group> --attach-data-disks <shared_block_volume_name> \
       --data-disk-caching None --os-disk-caching ReadWrite --os-disk-name <new-vm-disk-name> \
       --os-disk-size-gb <disk_size> --location <location> --size <virtual_machine_size> \
       --image <image_name> --admin-username <vm_username> --authentication-type ssh \
       --ssh-key-values <ssh_key> --nics <nic_name> --availability-set <availability_set> --ppg <proximity_placement_group>

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   例如，以下命令创建名为 sharedblock-nodea-vm 的虚拟机：

   $ az vm create \
   -n sharedblock-nodea-vm -g sharedblock-rg --attach-data-disks shared-block-volume.vhd \
   --data-disk-caching None --os-disk-caching ReadWrite --os-disk-name sharedblock-nodea-vm.vhd \
   --os-disk-size-gb 64 --location westcentralus --size Standard_D2s_v3 \
   --image /subscriptions/12345678910-12345678910/resourceGroups/sample-azureimagesgroupwestcentralus/providers/Microsoft.Compute/images/sample-azure-rhel-8.3.0-20200713.n.0.x86_64 --admin-username sharedblock-user --authentication-type ssh \
   --ssh-key-values @sharedblock-key.pub --nics sharedblock-nodea-vm-nic-protected --availability-set sharedblock-as --ppg sharedblock-ppg
   
   {
     "fqdns": "",
     "id": "/subscriptions/12345678910-12345678910/resourceGroups/sharedblock-rg/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/sharedblock-nodea-vm",
     "location": "westcentralus",
     "macAddress": "00-22-48-5D-EE-FB",
     "powerState": "VM running",
     "privateIpAddress": "198.51.100.3",
     "publicIpAddress": "",
     "resourceGroup": "sharedblock-rg",
     "zones": ""
   }

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验证

1. 对于集群中的每个虚拟机，使用的 ssh 命令及虚拟机的 IP 地址验证块设备是否可用。

   # ssh <ip_address> "hostname ; lsblk -d | grep ' 1T '"

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   例如，以下命令列出了虚拟机 IP 198.51.100.3 的详细信息，其中包括主机名和块设备。

   # ssh 198.51.100.3 "hostname ; lsblk -d | grep ' 1T '"
   
   nodea
   sdb    8:16   0    1T  0 disk

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2. 使用 ssh 命令来验证集群中的每个虚拟机是否使用相同的共享磁盘。

   # ssh <ip_address> "hostname ; lsblk -d | grep ' 1T ' | awk '{print \$1}' | xargs -i udevadm info --query=all --name=/dev/{} | grep '^E: ID_SERIAL='"

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   例如，以下命令列出了 IP 地址为 198.51.100.3 的实例的详细信息，其中包括主机名和共享磁盘卷 ID 。

   # ssh 198.51.100.3 "hostname ; lsblk -d | grep ' 1T ' | awk '{print \$1}' | xargs -i udevadm info --query=all --name=/dev/{} | grep '^E: ID_SERIAL='"
   
   nodea
   E: ID_SERIAL=3600224808dd8eb102f6ffc5822c41d89

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