第 6 章 有用的命令

第三个站点的安装与第二个站点的安装类似。安装可以使用 hdblcm 作为用户 root 来完成。为确保之前未安装任何内容，请运行 hdbuninst 以检查 SAP HANA 是否尚未安装在此节点上。

HANA 卸载的输出示例：

[root@remotehost3]# cd /software/DATA_UNITS/HDB_SERVER_LINUX_X86_64
root@DC3/software/DATA_UNITS/HDB_SERVER_LINUX_X86_64# ./hdbuninst
Option 0 will remove an already existing HANA Installation
No SAP HANA Installation found is the expected answer

DC3 上 HANA 安装的输出示例：

----[root@remotehost3]# cd /software/DATA_UNITS/HDB_SERVER_LINUX_X86_64
# ./hdbuninst
Option 0 will remove an already existing HANA Installation
No SAP HANA Installation found is the expected answer
----
Example output of HANA installation:
[source,text]
----
[root@remotehost3]# ./hdblcm
1 install
2 server
/hana/shared is default directory
Enter Local Hostname [remotehost3]: use the default name
additional hosts only during Scale-Out Installation y default is n
ENTER SAP HANA System ID: RH2
Enter Instance Number [02]:
Enter Local Host Worker Group [default]:
Select System Usage / Enter Index [4]:
Choose encryption
Enter Location of Data Volumes [/hana/data/RH2]:
Enter Location of Log Volumes [/hana/log/RH2]:
Restrict maximum memory allocation? [n]:
Enter Certificate Host Name
Enter System Administrator (rh2adm) Password: <Y0urPasswd>
Confirm System Administrator (rh2adm) Password: <Y0urPasswd>
Enter System Administrator Home Directory [/usr/sap/RH2/home]:
Enter System Administrator Login Shell [/bin/sh]:
Enter System Administrator User ID [1000]:
Enter System Database User (SYSTEM) Password: <Y0urPasswd>
Confirm System Database User (SYSTEM) Password: <Y0urPasswd>
Restart system after machine reboot? [n]:
----

在安装开始前，会列出概述：

SAP HANA Database System Installation
   Installation Parameters
      Remote Execution: ssh
      Database Isolation: low
      Install Execution Mode: standard
      Installation Path: /hana/shared
      Local Host Name: dc3host
      SAP HANA System ID: RH2
      Instance Number: 02
      Local Host Worker Group: default
      System Usage: custom
      Location of Data Volumes: /hana/data/RH2
      Location of Log Volumes: /hana/log/RH2
      SAP HANA Database secure store: ssfs
      Certificate Host Names: remotehost3 -> remotehost3      System Administrator Home Directory: /usr/sap/RH2/home
      System Administrator Login Shell: /bin/sh
      System Administrator User ID: 1000
      ID of User Group (sapsys): 1010
   Software Components
      SAP HANA Database
         Install version 2.00.052.00.1599235305
         Location: /software/DATA_UNITS/HDB_SERVER_LINUX_X86_64/server
      SAP HANA Local Secure Store
         Do not install
      SAP HANA AFL (incl.PAL,BFL,OFL)
         Do not install
      SAP HANA EML AFL
         Do not install
      SAP HANA EPM-MDS
         Do not install
      SAP HANA Database Client
         Do not install
      SAP HANA Studio
         Do not install
      SAP HANA Smart Data Access
         Do not install
      SAP HANA XS Advanced Runtime
         Do not install
   Log File Locations
      Log directory: /var/tmp/hdb_RH2_hdblcm_install_2021-06-09_18.48.13
      Trace location: /var/tmp/hdblcm_2021-06-09_18.48.13_31307.trc

Do you want to continue? (y/n):

输入 y 开始安装。

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbsql -i ${TINSTANCE} -u system -p Y0urP8ssw0rd

Welcome to the SAP HANA Database interactive terminal.

Type:  \h for help with commands
       \q to quit

hdbsql RH2=> select * from M_INIFILE_CONTENTS where section='system_replication'
FILE_NAME,LAYER_NAME,TENANT_NAME,HOST,SECTION,KEY,VALUE
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","actual_mode","primary"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","mode","primary"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","operation_mode","logreplay"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","register_secondaries_on_takeover
","true"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","site_id","1"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","site_name","DC2"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","timetravel_logreplay_mode","auto
"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","alternative_sources",""
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","datashipping_logsize_threshold",
"5368709120"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","datashipping_min_time_interval",
"600"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","datashipping_parallel_channels",
"4"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","datashipping_parallel_processing
","true"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","datashipping_snapshot_max_retent
ion_time","300"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","enable_data_compression","false"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","enable_full_sync","false"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","enable_log_compression","false"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","enable_log_retention","auto"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","full_replica_on_failed_delta_syn
c_check","false"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","hint_based_routing_site_name",""
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","keep_old_style_alert","false"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_async_buffer_size","
67108864"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_async_wait_on_buffer
_full","true"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_max_retention_size",
"1048576"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_replay_logbuffer_cac
he_size","1073741824"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_replay_push_persiste
nt_segment_count","5"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_snapshot_logsize_thr
eshold","3221225472"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_snapshot_min_time_in
terval","900"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_timeout","30"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","preload_column_tables","true"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","propagate_log_retention","off"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","reconnect_time_interval","30"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","retries_before_register_to_alter
native_source","20"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","takeover_esserver_without_log_ba
ckup","false"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","takeover_wait_until_esserver_res
tart","true"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","timetravel_call_takeover_hooks",
"off"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","timetravel_log_retention_policy"
,"none"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","timetravel_max_retention_time","
0"
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","timetravel_snapshot_creation_int
erval","1440"
"indexserver.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_async_buffer_si
ze","268435456"
"indexserver.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_replay_logbuffe
r_cache_size","4294967296"
"indexserver.ini","DEFAULT","","","system_replication","logshipping_replay_push_per
sistent_segment_count","20"
41 rows selected (overall time 1971.958 msec; server time 31.359 msec)

检查数据库是否正在运行，并发现当前的主节点。

列出数据库实例

clusternode1:rh2adm> sapcontrol -nr ${TINSTANCE} -function
GetSystemInstanceList

23.06.2023 12:08:17
GetSystemInstanceList
OK
hostname, instanceNr, httpPort, httpsPort, startPriority, features, dispstatus
node1, 2, 50213, 50214, 0.3, HDB|HDB_WORKER, GREEN

如果输出为绿色，则实例正在运行。

列出数据库进程

clusternode1:rh2adm> sapcontrol -nr ${TINSTANCE} -function GetProcessList
GetProcessList
OK
name, description, dispstatus, textstatus, starttime, elapsedtime, pid
hdbdaemon, HDB Daemon, GREEN, Running, 2023 09 04 14:34:01, 18:41:33, 3788067
hdbcompileserver, HDB Compileserver, GREEN, Running, 2023 09 04 22:35:40, 10:39:54, 445299
hdbindexserver, HDB Indexserver-RH2, GREEN, Running, 2023 09 04 22:35:40, 10:39:54, 445391
hdbnameserver, HDB Nameserver, GREEN, Running, 2023 09 04 22:35:34, 10:40:00, 445178
hdbpreprocessor, HDB Preprocessor, GREEN, Running, 2023 09 04 22:35:40, 10:39:54, 445306
hdbwebdispatcher, HDB Web Dispatcher, GREEN, Running, 2023 09 04 22:35:53, 10:39:41, 445955
hdbxsengine, HDB XSEngine-RH2, GREEN, Running, 2023 09 04 22:35:40, 10:39:54, 445394

通常，所有数据库进程都处于 GREEN 状态。

列出 SAP HANA 进程

clusternode1:rh2adm> HDB info
USER          PID     PPID  %CPU        VSZ        RSS COMMAND
rh2adm       1560     1559   0.0       6420       3136 watch -n 5 sapcontrol -nr 02 -functi
rh2adm       1316     1315   0.0       8884       5676 -sh
rh2adm       2549     1316   0.0       7516       4072  \_ /bin/sh /usr/sap/RH2/HDB02/HDB i
rh2adm       2579     2549   0.0      10144       3576      \_ ps fx -U rh2adm -o user:8,pi
rh2adm       2388        1   0.0     679536      55520 hdbrsutil  --start --port 30203 --vo
rh2adm       1921        1   0.0     679196      55312 hdbrsutil  --start --port 30201 --vo
rh2adm       1469        1   0.0       8852       3260 sapstart pf=/usr/sap/RH2/SYS/profile
rh2adm       1476     1469   0.7     438316      86288  \_ /usr/sap/RH2/HDB02/remotehost3/trace/
rh2adm       1501     1476  11.7    9690172    1574796      \_ hdbnameserver
rh2adm       1845     1476   0.8     410696     122988      \_ hdbcompileserver
rh2adm       1848     1476   1.0     659464     154072      \_ hdbpreprocessor
rh2adm       1899     1476  14.7    9848276    1765208      \_ hdbindexserver -port 30203
rh2adm       1902     1476   8.4    5023288    1052768      \_ hdbxsengine -port 30207
rh2adm       2265     1476   5.2    2340284     405016      \_ hdbwebdispatcher
rh2adm       1117        1   1.1     543532      30676 /usr/sap/RH2/HDB02/exe/sapstartsrv p
rh2adm       1029        1   0.0      20324      11572 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user
rh2adm       1030     1029   0.0      23256       3536  \_ (sd-pam)

显示 SAP HANA landscape 配置

clusternode1:rh2adm>
/usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/HDB${TINSTANCE}/exe/Python/bin/python
/usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/HDB${TINSTANCE}/exe/python_support/landscapeHostConfiguration.py;echo $?
| Host   | Host   | Host   | Failover | Remove | Storage   | Storage   | Failover | Failover | NameServer | NameServer | IndexServer | IndexServer | Host   | Host   | Worker  | Worker  |
|        | Active | Status | Status   | Status | Config    | Actual    | Config   | Actual   | Config     | Actual     | Config      | Actual      | Config | Actual | Config  | Actual  |
|        |        |        |          |        | Partition | Partition | Group    | Group    | Role       | Role       | Role        | Role        | Roles  | Roles  | Groups  | Groups  |
| ------ | ------ | ------ | -------- | ------ | --------- | --------- | -------- | -------- | ---------- | ---------- | ----------- | ----------- | ------ | ------ | ------- | ------- |
| clusternode1 | yes    | ok     |          |        |         1 |         1 | default  | default  | master 1   | master     | worker      | master      | worker | worker | default | default |

overall host status: ok
4

返回码：

发现主数据库

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_state | egrep -e "primary masters|^mode"

辅助检查示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_state | egrep -e "primary masters|^mode"
mode: syncmem
primary masters: clusternode1

在当前主上检查示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_state | egrep -e "primary masters|^mode"
mode: primary

clusternode1:rh2adm>hdbnsutil -sr_state --sapcontrol=1 |grep  site.*Mode
siteReplicationMode/DC1=primary
siteReplicationMode/DC3=async
siteReplicationMode/DC2=syncmem
siteOperationMode/DC1=primary
siteOperationMode/DC3=logreplay
siteOperationMode/DC2=logreplay

显示数据库版本

使用 SQL 查询的示例：

hdbsql RH2=> select * from m_database
SYSTEM_ID,DATABASE_NAME,HOST,START_TIME,VERSION,USAGE
"RH2","RH2","node1","2023-06-22 15:33:05.235000000","2.00.059.02.1647435895","CUSTOM"
1 row selected (overall time 29.107 msec; server time 927 usec)

使用 systemOverview.py 的示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> python ./systemOverview.py
| Section    | Name            | Status  | Value                                               |
| ---------- | --------------- | ------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| System     | Instance ID     |         | RH2                                                 |
| System     | Instance Number |         | 02                                                  |
| System     | Distributed     |         | No                                                  |
| System     | Version         |         | 2.00.059.02.1647435895 (fa/hana2sp05)               |
| System     | Platform        |         | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Beta (Plow) 9.2 (Plow) |
| Services   | All Started     | OK      | Yes                                                 |
| Services   | Min Start Time  |         | 2023-07-14 16:31:19.000                             |
| Services   | Max Start Time  |         | 2023-07-26 11:23:17.324                             |
| Memory     | Memory          | OK      | Physical 31.09 GB, Swap 10.00 GB, Used 26.38        |
| CPU        | CPU             | OK      | Available 4, Used 1.04                              |
| Disk       | Data            | OK      | Size 89.0 GB, Used 59.3 GB, Free 33 %               |
| Disk       | Log             | OK      | Size 89.0 GB, Used 59.3 GB, Free 33 %               |
| Disk       | Trace           | OK      | Size 89.0 GB, Used 59.3 GB, Free 33 %               |
| Statistics | Alerts          | WARNING | cannot check statistics w/o SQL connection          |

选项 1：HDB 命令

clusternode1:rh2adm> HDB help
Usage: /usr/sap/RH2/HDB02/HDB { start|stop|reconf|restart|version|info|proc|admin|kill|kill-<sig>|term }
  kill or kill-9 should never be used in a productive environment!

选项 2 （推荐）：使用 sapcontrol

clusternode1:rh2adm> sapcontrol -nr ${TINSTANCE} -function StartSystem HDB

03.07.2023 14:08:30
StartSystem
OK

clusternode1:rh2adm> sapcontrol -nr ${TINSTANCE} -function StopSystem HDB

03.07.2023 14:09:33
StopSystem
OK

使用 GetProcessList 来监控 HANA 服务的启动和停止：

clusternode1:rh2adm> sapcontrol -nr ${TINSTANCE} -function GetProcessList

有多种方法可以检查 SAP HANA 系统复制状态：

作为监控器运行的 systemReplicationStatus.py 输出示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> watch -n 5 "python
/usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/HDB{TINSTACE}/exe/python_support/systemReplicationStatus.py;echo \$?"
 concurrent-fencing: true
Every 5.0s: python systemReplicationStatus.py;echo $?                                                                                                                              hana08: Fri Jul 28 17:01:05 2023

|Database |Host   |Port  |Service Name |Volume ID |Site ID |Site Name |Secondary |Secondary |Secondary |Secondary |Secondary     |Replication |Replication |Replication    |
|         |	  |	 |             |          |        |          |Host	 |Port      |Site ID   |Site Name |Active Status |Mode        |Status	   |Status Details |
|-------- |------ |----- |------------ |--------- |------- |--------- |--------- |--------- |--------- |--------- |------------- |----------- |----------- |-------------- |
|SYSTEMDB |hana08 |30201 |nameserver   |        1 |	 1 |DC2       |hana09    |    30201 |        3 |DC3	  |YES           |SYNCMEM     |ACTIVE	   |               |
|RH2	  |hana08 |30207 |xsengine     |        2 |	 1 |DC2       |hana09    |    30207 |        3 |DC3	  |YES           |SYNCMEM     |ACTIVE	   |               |
|RH2	  |hana08 |30203 |indexserver  |        3 |	 1 |DC2       |hana09    |    30203 |        3 |DC3	  |YES           |SYNCMEM     |ACTIVE	   |               |
|SYSTEMDB |hana08 |30201 |nameserver   |        1 |	 1 |DC2       |remotehost3    |    30201 |        2 |DC1	  |YES           |SYNCMEM     |ACTIVE	   |               |
|RH2	  |hana08 |30207 |xsengine     |        2 |	 1 |DC2       |remotehost3    |    30207 |        2 |DC1	  |YES           |SYNCMEM     |ACTIVE	   |               |
|RH2	  |hana08 |30203 |indexserver  |        3 |	 1 |DC2       |remotehost3    |    30203 |        2 |DC1	  |YES           |SYNCMEM     |ACTIVE	   |               |

status system replication site "3": ACTIVE
status system replication site "2": ACTIVE
overall system replication status: ACTIVE

Local System Replication State
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

mode: PRIMARY
site id: 1
site name: DC2
15

返回代码的预期结果为：

在大多数情况下，系统复制检查将返回返回码 15。另一个显示选项是使用 -t (printLandscapeTree)。

当前主机上的输出示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> python systemReplicationStatus.py -t
HANA System Replication landscape:
  DC1  ( primary )
     | --- DC3  ( syncmem )
     | --- DC2  ( syncmem )

hdbnsutil -sr_state 示例：

[root@clusternode1]# su - rh2adm
clusternode1:rh2adm> watch -n 10 hdbnsutil -sr_state
Every 10.0s: hdbnsutil -sr_state                                                                           clusternode1: Thu Jun 22 08:42:00 2023


System Replication State
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

online: true

mode: syncmem
operation mode: logreplay
site id: 2
site name: DC1

is source system: false
is secondary/consumer system: true
has secondaries/consumers attached: false
is a takeover active: false
is primary suspended: false
is timetravel enabled: false
replay mode: auto
active primary site: 1

primary masters: clusternode2

Host Mappings:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

clusternode1 -> [DC3] remotehost3
clusternode1 -> [DC1] clusternode1
clusternode1 -> [DC2] clusternode2


Site Mappings:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
DC2 (primary/primary)
    |---DC3 (syncmem/logreplay)
    |---DC1 (syncmem/logreplay)

Tier of DC2: 1
Tier of DC3: 2
Tier of DC1: 2

Replication mode of DC2: primary
[2] 0:ssh*

主上的 sr_stateConfiguation 示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_stateConfiguration

System Replication State
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

mode: primary
site id: 2
site name: DC1
done.

二级上的 sr_stateConfiguration 示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_stateConfiguration

System Replication State
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

mode: syncmem
site id: 1
site name: DC2
active primary site: 2

primary masters: clusternode1
done.

您还可以在节点是当前主的辅助数据库中检查。在故障转移过程中，会出现两个主数据库，并且需要这些信息来确定潜在的主数据库错误，需要重新注册为次要数据库。

如需更多信息，请参阅示例 ：检查 Primary 和 Secondary Systems 上的状态。

为 SAP HANA 系统复制环境注册辅助数据库的先决条件：

注册示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_register --remoteHost=clusternode2 --remoteInstance=${TINSTANCE} --replicationMode=syncmem --name=DC1 --online
--operationMode not set; using default from global.ini/[system_replication]/operation_mode: logreplay
adding site ...
collecting information ...
updating local ini files ...
done.

在注册了 global.ini 文件后，将自动更新

…来自：

# global.ini last modified 2023-06-15 09:55:05.665341 by /usr/sap/RH2/HDB02/exe/hdbnsutil -initTopology --workergroup=default --set_user_system_pw
[multidb]
mode = multidb
database_isolation = low
singletenant = yes

[persistence]
basepath_datavolumes = /hana/data/RH2
basepath_logvolumes = /hana/log/RH2

…至：

# global.ini last modified 2023-06-15 11:25:44.516946 by hdbnsutil -sr_register --remoteHost=node2 --remoteInstance=02 --replicationMode=syncmem --name=DC1 --online
[multidb]
mode = multidb
database_isolation = low
singletenant = yes

[persistence]
basepath_datavolumes = /hana/data/RH2
basepath_logvolumes = /hana/log/RH2

[system_replication]
timetravel_logreplay_mode = auto
site_id = 3
mode = syncmem
actual_mode = syncmem
site_name = DC1
operation_mode = logreplay

[system_replication_site_masters]
1 = clusternode2:30201

检查活跃的 SAP HANA 数据库的进程

clusternode1:rh2adm> sapcontrol -nr ${TINSTANCE} -function GetProcessList                                          clusternode1: Wed Jun  7 08:23:03 2023

07.06.2023 08:23:03
GetProcessList
OK
name, description, dispstatus, textstatus, starttime, elapsedtime, pid
hdbdaemon, HDB Daemon, GREEN, Running, 2023 06 02 16:59:42, 111:23:21, 4245
hdbcompileserver, HDB Compileserver, GREEN, Running, 2023 06 02 17:01:35, 111:21:28, 7888
hdbindexserver, HDB Indexserver-RH2, GREEN, Running, 2023 06 02 17:01:36, 111:21:27, 7941
hdbnameserver, HDB Nameserver, GREEN, Running, 2023 06 02 17:01:29, 111:21:34, 7594
hdbpreprocessor, HDB Preprocessor, GREEN, Running, 2023 06 02 17:01:35, 111:21:28, 7891
hdbwebdispatcher, HDB Web Dispatcher, GREEN, Running, 2023 06 02 17:01:42, 111:21:21, 8339
hdbxsengine, HDB XSEngine-RH2, GREEN, Running, 2023 06 02 17:01:36, 111:21:27, 7944

这将列出 SAP HANA 数据库的实例状态。它还将显示端口。有三个不同的状态名称：

活跃实例示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> sapcontrol -nr ${TINSTANCE} -function GetSystemInstanceList                                   clusternode1: Wed Jun  7 08:24:13 2023


07.06.2023 08:24:13
GetSystemInstanceList
OK
hostname, instanceNr, httpPort, httpsPort, startPriority, features, dispstatus
remotehost3, 2, 50213, 50214, 0.3, HDB|HDB_WORKER, GREEN

停止的实例示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> sapcontrol -nr ${TINSTANCE} -function GetSystemInstanceList

22.06.2023 09:14:55
GetSystemInstanceList
OK
hostname, instanceNr, httpPort, httpsPort, startPriority, features, dispstatus
remotehost3, 2, 50213, 50214, 0.3, HDB|HDB_WORKER, GRAY

您还可以使用 HDB 控制台显示数据库的信息：

'replication info' 示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbcons -e hdbindexserver 'replication info'
hdbcons -p `pgrep hdbindex` 'replication info'
SAP HANA DB Management Client Console (type '\?' to get help for client commands)
Try to open connection to server process with PID 451925
SAP HANA DB Management Server Console (type 'help' to get help for server commands)
Executable: hdbindexserver (PID: 451925)
[OK]
--
## Start command at: 2023-06-22 09:05:25.211
listing default statistics for volume 3
System Replication Primary Information
======================================
System Replication Primary Configuration
 [system_replication] logshipping_timeout                         = 30
 [system_replication] enable_full_sync                            = false
 [system_replication] preload_column_tables                       = true
 [system_replication] ensure_backup_history                       = true
 [system_replication_communication] enable_ssl                    = off
 [system_replication] keep_old_style_alert                        = false
 [system_replication] enable_log_retention                        = auto
 [system_replication] logshipping_max_retention_size              = 1048576
 [system_replication] logshipping_async_buffer_size               = 268435456
 - lastLogPos                  : 0x4ab2700
 - lastLogPosTimestamp         : 22.06.2023-07.05.25 (1687417525193952)
 - lastConfirmedLogPos         : 0x4ab2700
 - lastConfirmedLogPosTimestamp: 22.06.2023-07.05.25 (1687417525193952)
 - lastSavepointVersion        : 1286
 - lastSavepointLogPos         : 0x4ab0602
 - lastSavepointTimestamp      : 22.06.2023-07.02.42 (1687417362853007)
 2 session registered.
Session index 0
 - SiteID              : 3
 - RemoteHost          : 192.168.5.137
Log Connection
 - ptr               : 0x00007ff04c0a1000
 - channel           : {<NetworkChannelSSLFilter>={<NetworkChannelBase>={this=140671686293528, fd=70, refCnt=2, idx=5, local=192.168.5.134/40203_tcp, remote=192.168.5.137/40406_tcp, state=Connected, pending=[r---]}}}
 - SSLActive           : false
 - mode              : syncmem
Data Connection
 - ptr               : 0x00007ff08b730000
 - channel           : {<NetworkChannelSSLFilter>={<NetworkChannelBase>={this=140671436247064, fd=68, refCnt=2, idx=6, local=192.168.5.134/40203_tcp, remote=192.168.5.137/40408_tcp, state=Connected, pending=[r---]}}}
 - SSLActive           : false
Primary Statistics
 - Creation Timestamp              : 20.06.2023-13.55.07 (1687269307772532)
 - Last Reset Timestamp            : 20.06.2023-13.55.07 (1687269307772532)
 - Statistic Reset Count           : 0
 - ReplicationMode                 : syncmem
 - OperationMode                   : logreplay
 - ReplicationStatus               : ReplicationStatus_Active
 - ReplicationStatusDetails        :
 - ReplicationFullSync             : DISABLED
 - shippedLogPos                   : 0x4ab2700
 - shippedLogPosTimestamp          : 22.06.2023-07.05.25 (1687417525193952)
 - sentLogPos                      : 0x4ab2700
 - sentLogPosTimestamp             : 22.06.2023-07.05.25 (1687417525193952)
 - sentMaxLogWriteEndPosition      : 0x4ab2700
 - sentMaxLogWriteEndPositionReqCnt: 0x1f6b8
 - shippedLogBuffersCount          : 142439
 - shippedLogBuffersSize           : 805855232 bytes
 - shippedLogBuffersSizeUsed       : 449305792 bytes (55.76clusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedLogBuffersSizeNet        : 449013696 bytes (55.72clusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedLogBufferDuration        : 83898615 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferDurationMin     : 152 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferDurationMax     : 18879 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferDurationSend    : 7301067 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferDurationComp    : 0 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferThroughput      : 9709099.18 bytes/s
 - shippedLogBufferPendingDuration : 80583785 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferRealThrougput   : 10073190.40 bytes/s
 - replayLogPos                    : 0x4ab2700
 - replayLogPosTimestamp           : 22.06.2023-07.05.25 (1687417525193952)
 - replayBacklog                   : 0 microseconds
 - replayBacklogSize               : 0 bytes
 - replayBacklogMax                : 822130896 microseconds
 - replayBacklogSizeMax            : 49455104 bytes
 - shippedSavepointVersion         : 0
 - shippedSavepointLogPos          : 0x0
 - shippedSavepointTimestamp       : not set
 - shippedFullBackupCount          : 0
 - shippedFullBackupSize           : 0 bytes
 - shippedFullBackupSizeNet        : 0 bytes (-nanclusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedFullBackupDuration       : 0 microseconds
 - shippedFullBackupDurationComp   : 0 microseconds
 - shippedFullBackupThroughput     : 0.00 bytes/s
 - shippedFullBackupStreamCount     : 0
 - shippedFullBackupResumeCount     : 0
 - shippedLastFullBackupSize       : 0 bytes
 - shippedLastFullBackupSizeNet    : 0 bytes (-nanclusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedLastFullBackupStart      : not set
 - shippedLastFullBackupEnd        : not set
 - shippedLastFullBackupDuration   : 0 microseconds
 - shippedLastFullBackupStreamCount : 0
 - shippedLastFullBackupResumeCount : 0
 - shippedDeltaBackupCount         : 0
 - shippedDeltaBackupSize          : 0 bytes
 - shippedDeltaBackupSizeNet       : 0 bytes (-nanclusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedDeltaBackupDuration      : 0 microseconds
 - shippedDeltaBackupDurationComp  : 0 microseconds
 - shippedDeltaBackupThroughput    : 0.00 bytes/s
 - shippedDeltaBackupStreamCount   : 0
 - shippedDeltaBackupResumeCount   : 0
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupSize      : 0 bytes
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupSizeNet   : 0 bytes (-nanclusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupStart     : not set
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupEnd       : not set
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupDuration  : 0 microseconds
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupStreamCount : 0
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupResumeCount : 0
 - currentTransferType             : None
 - currentTransferSize             : 0 bytes
 - currentTransferPosition         : 0 bytes (0clusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - currentTransferStartTime        : not set
 - currentTransferThroughput       : 0.00 MB/s
 - currentTransferStreamCount      : 0
 - currentTransferResumeCount      : 0
 - currentTransferResumeStartTime  : not set
 - Secondary sync'ed via Log Count : 1
 - syncLogCount                    : 3
 - syncLogSize                     : 62840832 bytes
 - backupHistoryComplete           : 1
 - backupLogPosition               : 0x4a99980
 - backupLogPositionUpdTimestamp   : 22.06.2023-06.56.27 (0x5feb26227e7af)
 - shippedMissingLogCount          : 0
 - shippedMissingLogSize           : 0 bytes
 - backlogSize                     : 0 bytes
 - backlogTime                     : 0 microseconds
 - backlogSizeMax                  : 0 bytes
 - backlogTimeMax                  : 0 microseconds
 - Secondary Log Connect time      : 20.06.2023-13.55.31 (1687269331361049)
 - Secondary Data Connect time     : 20.06.2023-13.55.33 (1687269333768341)
 - Secondary Log Close time        : not set
 - Secondary Data Close time       : 20.06.2023-13.55.31 (1687269331290050)
 - Secondary Log Reconnect Count   : 0
 - Secondary Log Failover Count    : 0
 - Secondary Data Reconnect Count  : 1
 - Secondary Data Failover Count   : 0
----------------------------------------------------------------
Session index 1
 - SiteID              : 2
 - RemoteHost          : 192.168.5.133
Log Connection
 - ptr               : 0x00007ff0963e4000
 - channel           : {<NetworkChannelSSLFilter>={<NetworkChannelBase>={this=140671506282520, fd=74, refCnt=2, idx=0, local=192.168.5.134/40203_tcp, remote=192.168.5.133/40404_tcp, state=Connected, pending=[r---]}}}
 - SSLActive           : false
 - mode              : syncmem
Data Connection
 - ptr               : 0x00007ff072c04000
 - channel           : {<NetworkChannelSSLFilter>={<NetworkChannelBase>={this=140671463146520, fd=75, refCnt=2, idx=1, local=192.168.5.134/40203_tcp, remote=192.168.5.133/40406_tcp, state=Connected, pending=[r---]}}}
 - SSLActive           : false
Primary Statistics
 - Creation Timestamp              : 20.06.2023-13.55.49 (1687269349892111)
 - Last Reset Timestamp            : 20.06.2023-13.55.49 (1687269349892111)
 - Statistic Reset Count           : 0
 - ReplicationMode                 : syncmem
 - OperationMode                   : logreplay
 - ReplicationStatus               : ReplicationStatus_Active
 - ReplicationStatusDetails        :
 - ReplicationFullSync             : DISABLED
 - shippedLogPos                   : 0x4ab2700
 - shippedLogPosTimestamp          : 22.06.2023-07.05.25 (1687417525193952)
 - sentLogPos                      : 0x4ab2700
 - sentLogPosTimestamp             : 22.06.2023-07.05.25 (1687417525193952)
 - sentMaxLogWriteEndPosition      : 0x4ab2700
 - sentMaxLogWriteEndPositionReqCnt: 0x1f377
 - shippedLogBuffersCount          : 142326
 - shippedLogBuffersSize           : 793939968 bytes
 - shippedLogBuffersSizeUsed       : 437675200 bytes (55.13clusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedLogBuffersSizeNet        : 437565760 bytes (55.11clusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedLogBufferDuration        : 76954026 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferDurationMin     : 115 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferDurationMax     : 19285 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferDurationSend    : 2951495 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferDurationComp    : 0 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferThroughput      : 10446578.53 bytes/s
 - shippedLogBufferPendingDuration : 73848247 microseconds
 - shippedLogBufferRealThrougput   : 10875889.97 bytes/s
 - replayLogPos                    : 0x4ab2700
 - replayLogPosTimestamp           : 22.06.2023-07.05.25 (1687417525193952)
 - replayBacklog                   : 0 microseconds
 - replayBacklogSize               : 0 bytes
 - replayBacklogMax                : 113119944 microseconds
 - replayBacklogSizeMax            : 30171136 bytes
 - shippedSavepointVersion         : 0
 - shippedSavepointLogPos          : 0x0
 - shippedSavepointTimestamp       : not set
 - shippedFullBackupCount          : 0
 - shippedFullBackupSize           : 0 bytes
 - shippedFullBackupSizeNet        : 0 bytes (-nanclusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedFullBackupDuration       : 0 microseconds
 - shippedFullBackupDurationComp   : 0 microseconds
 - shippedFullBackupThroughput     : 0.00 bytes/s
 - shippedFullBackupStreamCount     : 0
 - shippedFullBackupResumeCount     : 0
 - shippedLastFullBackupSize       : 0 bytes
 - shippedLastFullBackupSizeNet    : 0 bytes (-nanclusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedLastFullBackupStart      : not set
 - shippedLastFullBackupEnd        : not set
 - shippedLastFullBackupDuration   : 0 microseconds
 - shippedLastFullBackupStreamCount : 0
 - shippedLastFullBackupResumeCount : 0
 - shippedDeltaBackupCount         : 0
 - shippedDeltaBackupSize          : 0 bytes
 - shippedDeltaBackupSizeNet       : 0 bytes (-nanclusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedDeltaBackupDuration      : 0 microseconds
 - shippedDeltaBackupDurationComp  : 0 microseconds
 - shippedDeltaBackupThroughput    : 0.00 bytes/s
 - shippedDeltaBackupStreamCount   : 0
 - shippedDeltaBackupResumeCount   : 0
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupSize      : 0 bytes
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupSizeNet   : 0 bytes (-nanclusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupStart     : not set
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupEnd       : not set
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupDuration  : 0 microseconds
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupStreamCount : 0
 - shippedLastDeltaBackupResumeCount : 0
 - currentTransferType             : None
 - currentTransferSize             : 0 bytes
 - currentTransferPosition         : 0 bytes (0clusternode1:rh2adm>)
 - currentTransferStartTime        : not set
 - currentTransferThroughput       : 0.00 MB/s
 - currentTransferStreamCount      : 0
 - currentTransferResumeCount      : 0
 - currentTransferResumeStartTime  : not set
 - Secondary sync'ed via Log Count : 1
 - syncLogCount                    : 3
 - syncLogSize                     : 61341696 bytes
 - backupHistoryComplete           : 1
 - backupLogPosition               : 0x4a99980
 - backupLogPositionUpdTimestamp   : 22.06.2023-06.56.27 (0x5feb26227e670)
 - shippedMissingLogCount          : 0
 - shippedMissingLogSize           : 0 bytes
 - backlogSize                     : 0 bytes
 - backlogTime                     : 0 microseconds
 - backlogSizeMax                  : 0 bytes
 - backlogTimeMax                  : 0 microseconds
 - Secondary Log Connect time      : 20.06.2023-13.56.21 (1687269381053599)
 - Secondary Data Connect time     : 20.06.2023-13.56.27 (1687269387399610)
 - Secondary Log Close time        : not set
 - Secondary Data Close time       : 20.06.2023-13.56.21 (1687269381017244)
 - Secondary Log Reconnect Count   : 0
 - Secondary Log Failover Count    : 0
 - Secondary Data Reconnect Count  : 1
 - Secondary Data Failover Count   : 0
----------------------------------------------------------------
[OK]
## Finish command at: 2023-06-22 09:05:25.212 command took: 572.000 usec
--
[EXIT]
--
[BYE]

帮助示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbcons  -e hdbindexserver help
SAP HANA DB Management Client Console (type '\?' to get help for client commands)
Try to open connection to server process with PID 451925
SAP HANA DB Management Server Console (type 'help' to get help for server commands)
Executable: hdbindexserver (PID: 451925)
[OK]
--
## Start command at: 2023-06-22 09:07:16.784
Synopsis:
help [<command name>]: Print command help
   - <command name> - Command name for which to display help
Available commands:
ae_tableload - Handle loading of column store tables and columns
all - Print help and other info for all hdbcons commands
authentication - Authentication management.
binarysemaphore - BinarySemaphore management
bye - Exit console client
cd - ContainerDirectory management
cfgreg - Basis Configurator
checktopic - CheckTopic management
cnd - ContainerNameDirectory management
conditionalvariable - ConditionalVariable management
connection - Connection management
context - Execution context management (i.e., threads)
converter - Converter management
cpuresctrl - Manage cpu resources such as last-level cache allocation
crash - Crash management
crypto - Cryptography management (SSL/SAML/X509/Encryption).
csaccessor - Display diagnostics related to the CSAccessor library
ddlcontextstore - Get DdlContextStore information
deadlockdetector - Deadlock detector.
debug - Debug management
distribute - Handling distributed systems
dvol - DataVolume management
ELF - ELF symbol resolution management
encryption - Persistence encryption management
eslog - Manipulate logger on extended storage
event - Event management
exit - Exit console client
flightrecorder - Flight Recorder
hananet - HANA-Net command interface
help - Display help for a command or command list
hkt - HANA Kernal Tracer (HKT) management
indexmanager - Get IndexManager information, especially for IndexHandles
itab - Internaltable diagnostics
jexec - Information and actions for Job Executor/Scheduler
licensing - Licensing management.
log - Show information about logger and manipulate logger
machine - Information about the machine topology
mm - Memory management
monitor - Monitor view command
mproxy - Malloc proxy management
msl - Mid size LOB management
mutex - Mutex management
numa - Provides NUMA statistics for all columns of a given table, broken down by column constituents like dictionary, data vector and index.
nvmprovider - NVM Provider
output - Command for managing output from the hdbcons
page - Page management
pageaccess - PageAccess management
profiler - Profiler
quit - Exit console client
readwritelock - ReadWriteLock management
replication - Monitor data and log replication
resman - ResourceManager management
rowstore - Row Store
runtimedump - Generate a runtime dump.
savepoint - Savepoint management
semaphore - Semaphore management
servicethreads - Thread information M_SERVICE_THREADS
snapshot - Snapshot management
stat - Statistics management
statisticsservercontroller - StatisticsServer internals
statreg - Statistics registry command
syncprimi - Syncprimitive management (Mutex, CondVariable, Semaphore, BinarySemaphore,
ReadWriteLock)
table - Table Management
tablepreload - Manage and monitor table preload
trace - Trace management
tracetopic - TraceTopic management
transaction - Transaction management
ut - UnifiedTable Management
version - Version management
vf - VirtualFile management
x2 - get X2 info
[OK]
## Finish command at: 2023-06-22 09:07:16.785 command took: 209.000 usec
--
[EXIT]
--
[BYE]

如果要使用 SAP HANA 系统复制，必须首先在主系统上创建一个备份。

如何执行此操作的示例为用户 < sid>adm:

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbsql -i ${TINSTANCE} -u system -d SYSTEMDB "BACKUP DATA USING FILE ('/hana/backup/')"
clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbsql -i ${TINSTANCE} -u system -d ${SAPSYSTEMNAME} "BACKUP DATA USING FILE ('/hana/backup/')"

必须在主节点上启用 SAP HANA 系统复制。这要求首先进行备份。

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_enable --name=DC1
nameserver is active, proceeding ...
successfully enabled system as system replication source site
done.

数据库密钥需要从主数据库复制到次要数据库，然后才能将其注册为次要数据库。

例如：

clusternode1:rh2adm> scp -rp /usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/SYS/global/security/rsecssfs/data/SSFS_${SAPSYSTEMNAME}.DAT  remotehost3:/usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/SYS/global/security/rsecssfs/data/SSFS_${SAPSYSTEMNAME}.DAT
clusternode1:rh2adm> scp -rp /usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/SYS/global/security/rsecssfs/key/SSFS_${SAPSYSTEMNAME}.KEY remotehost3:/usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/SYS/global/security/rsecssfs/key/SSFS_${SAPSYSTEMNAME}.KEY

请确定数据库密钥已首先复制到次要节点。然后运行注册命令：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_register --remoteHost=remotehost3 --remoteInstance=${TINSTANCE} --replicationMode=syncmem --name=DC1 --remoteName=DC3 --operationMode=logreplay --online

参数描述：

设置 log_mode 有两个选项：

包括错误的 覆盖 条目示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbsql -i ${TINSTANCE} -d ${SAPSYSTEMNAME} -u system
Password:

Welcome to the SAP HANA Database interactive terminal.

Type:  \h for help with commands
       \q to quit

hdbsql RH2=> select * from m_inifile_contents where key='log_mode'
FILE_NAME,LAYER_NAME,TENANT_NAME,HOST,SECTION,KEY,VALUE
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","persistence","log_mode","normal"
"global.ini","HOST","","node2","persistence","log_mode","overwrite"
2 rows selected (overall time 46.931 msec; server time 30.845 msec)

hdbsql RH2=>exit

在这种情况下，我们有两个 global.ini 文件：

Example:

clusternode1:rh2adm> vim /hana/shared/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/HDB${TINSTANCE}/${HOSTNAME}/global.ini
# global.ini last modified 2023-04-06 16:15:03.521715 by hdbnameserver
[persistence]
log_mode = overwrite

# global.ini last modified 2023-04-06 16:15:03.521715 by hdbnameserver
[persistence]
log_mode = normal

检查或更新 global.ini 文件后，验证 log_mode 值：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbsql -d ${SAPSYSTEMNAME} -i ${TINSTANCE} -u SYSTEM;
hdbsql RH2=> select * from m_inifile_contents where section='persistence' and key='log_mode'
FILE_NAME,LAYER_NAME,TENANT_NAME,HOST,SECTION,KEY,VALUE
"global.ini","DEFAULT","","","persistence","log_mode","normal"
"global.ini","HOST","","node2","persistence","log_mode","normal"
2 rows selected (overall time 60.982 msec; server time 20.420 msec)

部分还显示在 [persistence] 部分中需要设置此参数。当您将日志模式从 覆盖 改为 normal 时，建议您创建一个完整的数据备份，以确保数据库可以被恢复。

例如，有几种方法可以识别主节点：

选项 1 - 以下 systemReplicationStatus.py 脚本示例，过滤器将返回所有节点上的主数据库位置：

clusternode1:rh2adm>
/usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/HDB${TINSTANCE}/exe/Python/bin/python
/usr/sap/${SAPSYSTEMNAME}/HDB${TINSTANCE}/exe/python_support/systemReplicationStatus.py --sapcontrol=1 | egrep -e
"3${TINSTANCE}01/HOST|PRIMARY_MASTERS"| head -1 | awk -F"=" '{ print $2 }'

输出：

clusternode2

选项 2 - 以下示例以类似方法为所有节点显示 systemReplicationStatus ：

rh2adm>hdbnsutil -sr_state --sapcontrol=1 | grep site.*Mode

输出：

siteReplicationMode/DC1=primary
siteReplicationMode/DC3=async
siteReplicationMode/DC2=syncmem
siteOperationMode/DC1=primary
siteOperationMode/DC3=logreplay
siteOperationMode/DC2=logreplay

请参阅 检查复制状态 部分，以检查主节点和次要节点。另外：

为集群启用 maintenance-mode 的示例：

[root@clusternode1]# pcs property set maintenance-mode=true

在成为新主的二级中，以 < sidadm> 用户身份运行：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_takeover

这个二级成为主要的，其他活跃二级数据库会重新注册到新主，需要手动重新注册为次要主。

请确定集群停止或置于 maintenance-mode 中。Example:

clusternode2:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_register --remoteHost=remotehost3 --remoteInstance=${TINSTANCE} --replicationMode=syncmem --name=DC2 --online --remoteName=DC3 --operationMode=logreplay --force_full_replica --online

在我们的示例中，我们使用完整复制。需要完整复制时，您的 SAP HANA 系统管理员应知道。

请参阅 检查 SAP HANA 系统复制状态 并发现 主要节点。信息一致非常重要。如果节点不是 systemReplicationStatus.py 输出的一部分，且具有不同的系统复制状态，如果需要重新注册此节点，请检查您的数据库管理员。

解决这种情况的一种方法是 重新注册 此站点作为新次要站点。

有时，辅助实例仍会没有启动。然后，在重新注册前取消注册此站点。取消注册二级 DC1 的示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_unregister --name=DC1

重新注册 DC1 的示例：

clusternode1:rh2adm> hdbnsutil -sr_register --name=DC1 --remoteHost=node2 --remoteInstance=02 --replicationMode=sync --operationMode=logreplay --online

需要启动数据库 并检查 它 是否在运行。最后 ，检查复制状态。