1.5. Automatically subscribing users to IMAP mailboxes


Typically, IMAP server administrators want Dovecot to automatically create certain mailboxes, such as Sent and Trash, and subscribe the users to them. You can set this in the configuration files.

Additionally, you can define special-use mailboxes. IMAP clients often support defining mailboxes for special purposes, such as for sent emails. To avoid that the user has to manually select and set the correct mailboxes, IMAP servers can send a special-use attribute in the IMAP LIST command. Clients can then use this attribute to identify and set, for example, the mailbox for sent emails.

Prerequisites

  • Dovecot is configured.

Procedure

  1. Update the inbox namespace section in the /etc/dovecot/conf.d/15-mailboxes.conf file:

    1. Add the auto = subscribe setting to each special-use mailbox that should be available to users, for example:

      namespace inbox {
        ...
        mailbox Drafts {
          special_use = \Drafts
          auto = subscribe
        }
      
        mailbox Junk {
          special_use = \Junk
          auto = subscribe
        }
      
        mailbox Trash {
          special_use = \Trash
          auto = subscribe
        }
      
        mailbox Sent {
          special_use = \Sent
          auto = subscribe
        }
        ...
      }

      If your mail clients support more special-use mailboxes, you can add similar entries. The special_use parameter defines the value that Dovecot sends in the special-use attribute to the clients.

    2. Optional: If you want to define other mailboxes that have no special purpose, add mailbox sections for them in the user’s inbox, for example:

      namespace inbox {
        ...
        mailbox "Important Emails" {
          auto = <value>
        }
        ...
      }

      You can set the auto parameter to one of the following values:

      • subscribe: Automatically creates the mailbox and subscribes the user to it.
      • create: Automatically creates the mailbox without subscribing the user to it.
      • no (default): Dovecot neither creates the mailbox nor does it subscribe the user to it.
  2. Reload Dovecot:

    # systemctl reload dovecot

Verification

  • Use an IMAP client and access your mailbox.

    Mailboxes with the setting auto = subscribe are automatically visible. If the client supports special-use mailboxes and the defined purposes, the client automatically uses them.

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