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3.3. Configuring applications for authentication with certificates on smart cards

Authentication by using smart cards in applications may increase security and simplify automation. You can integrate the Public Key Cryptography Standard (PKCS) #11 URIs into your application by using the following methods:

  • The Firefox web browser automatically loads the p11-kit-proxy PKCS #11 module. This means that every supported smart card in the system is automatically detected. For using TLS client authentication, no additional setup is required and keys and certificates from a smart card are automatically used when a server requests them.
  • If your application uses the GnuTLS or NSS library, it already supports PKCS #11 URIs. Also, applications that rely on the OpenSSL library can access cryptographic hardware modules, including smart cards, through the PKCS #11 provider installed by the pkcs11-provider package.
  • Applications that require working with private keys on smart cards and that do not use NSS, GnuTLS, nor OpenSSL can use the p11-kit API directly to work with cryptographic hardware modules, including smart cards, rather than using the PKCS #11 API of specific PKCS #11 modules.

  • With the the wget network downloader, you can specify PKCS #11 URIs instead of paths to locally stored private keys and certificates. This might simplify creation of scripts for tasks that require safely stored private keys and certificates. For example: 

    $ wget --private-key 'pkcs11:token=softhsm;id=%01;type=private?pin-value=111111' --certificate 'pkcs11:token=softhsm;id=%01;type=cert' https://example.com/

  • You can also specify PKCS #11 URI when using the curl tool: 

    $ curl --key 'pkcs11:token=softhsm;id=%01;type=private?pin-value=111111' --cert 'pkcs11:token=softhsm;id=%01;type=cert' https://example.com/
    참고

    Because a PIN is a security measure that controls access to keys stored on a smart card and the configuration file contains the PIN in the plain-text form, consider additional protection to prevent an attacker from reading the PIN. For example, you can use the pin-source attribute and provide a file: URI for reading the PIN from a file. See RFC 7512: PKCS #11 URI Scheme Query Attribute Semantics for more information. Note that using a command path as a value of the pin-source attribute is not supported.

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