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5장. Scanning the system for configuration compliance

A compliance audit is a process of determining whether a given object follows all the rules specified in a compliance policy. The compliance policy is defined by security professionals who specify the required settings, often in the form of a checklist, that a computing environment should use.

Compliance policies can vary substantially across organizations and even across different systems within the same organization. Differences among these policies are based on the purpose of each system and its importance for the organization. Custom software settings and deployment characteristics also raise a need for custom policy checklists.

5.1. Configuration compliance tools in RHEL
링크 복사

You can perform a fully automated compliance audit in Red Hat Enterprise Linux by using the following set of configuration compliance tools. These tools are based on the Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) standard and are designed for automated tailoring of compliance policies.

OpenSCAP

The OpenSCAP library, with the accompanying oscap command-line utility, is designed to perform configuration scans on a local system, to validate configuration compliance content, and to generate reports and guides based on these scans and evaluations. With oscap, you can scan systems to assess their alignment with security policies contained in scap-security-guide. You can also perform an automated remediation that configures the system into a state that is aligned with a selected policy.

중요

You can experience memory-consumption problems while using OpenSCAP, which can cause stopping the program prematurely and prevent generating any result files. See the OpenSCAP memory-consumption problems Knowledgebase article for details.

SCAP Security Guide (SSG)
The scap-security-guide package provides collections of security policies for Linux systems. The guidance consists of a catalog of practical hardening advice, linked to government requirements where applicable. The project bridges the gap between generalized policy requirements and specific implementation guidelines.
Script Check Engine (SCE)
With SCE, which is an extension to the SCAP protocol, administrators can write their security content by using a scripting language, such as Bash, Python, and Ruby. The SCE extension is provided in the openscap-engine-sce package. The SCE itself is not part of the SCAP standard.

Alternatively, you can perform automated compliance audits on multiple systems remotely by using the OpenSCAP solution for Red Hat Satellite.

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