13.7. 使应用程序可执行


完成红帽构建的 OptaPlanner Spring Boot timetable 项目后,将所有内容打包成一个可执行的 JAR 文件,由标准 Java main () 方法驱动。

先决条件

  • 您有一个已完成的 OptaPlanner Spring Boot timetable 项目。

流程

  1. 使用以下内容创建 TimeTableSpringBootApp.java 类:

    package com.example;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class TimeTableSpringBootApp {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(TimeTableSpringBootApp.class, args);
        }
    
    }
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap
  2. 将由 Spring Initializr 创建的 src/main/java/com/example/DemoApplication.java 类替换为 TimeTableSpringBootApp.java 类。
  3. 运行 TimeTableSpringBootApp.java 类作为常规 Java 应用程序的主类。

13.7.1. 尝试 timetable 应用程序

启动 Red Hat Build of OptaPlanner Spring Boot timetable 应用程序后,您可以使用您想要的任何 REST 客户端测试 REST 服务。这个示例使用 Linux curl 命令来发送 POST 请求。

先决条件

  • OptaPlanner Spring Boot timetable 应用程序正在运行。

流程

使用以下命令:

$ curl -i -X POST http://localhost:8080/timeTable/solve -H "Content-Type:application/json" -d '{"timeslotList":[{"dayOfWeek":"MONDAY","startTime":"08:30:00","endTime":"09:30:00"},{"dayOfWeek":"MONDAY","startTime":"09:30:00","endTime":"10:30:00"}],"roomList":[{"name":"Room A"},{"name":"Room B"}],"lessonList":[{"id":1,"subject":"Math","teacher":"A. Turing","studentGroup":"9th grade"},{"id":2,"subject":"Chemistry","teacher":"M. Curie","studentGroup":"9th grade"},{"id":3,"subject":"French","teacher":"M. Curie","studentGroup":"10th grade"},{"id":4,"subject":"History","teacher":"I. Jones","studentGroup":"10th grade"}]}'
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

大约 5 秒后,终止花费 application.properties 中定义的时间,服务会返回类似以下示例的输出:

HTTP/1.1 200
Content-Type: application/json
...

{"timeslotList":...,"roomList":...,"lessonList":[{"id":1,"subject":"Math","teacher":"A. Turing","studentGroup":"9th grade","timeslot":{"dayOfWeek":"MONDAY","startTime":"08:30:00","endTime":"09:30:00"},"room":{"name":"Room A"}},{"id":2,"subject":"Chemistry","teacher":"M. Curie","studentGroup":"9th grade","timeslot":{"dayOfWeek":"MONDAY","startTime":"09:30:00","endTime":"10:30:00"},"room":{"name":"Room A"}},{"id":3,"subject":"French","teacher":"M. Curie","studentGroup":"10th grade","timeslot":{"dayOfWeek":"MONDAY","startTime":"08:30:00","endTime":"09:30:00"},"room":{"name":"Room B"}},{"id":4,"subject":"History","teacher":"I. Jones","studentGroup":"10th grade","timeslot":{"dayOfWeek":"MONDAY","startTime":"09:30:00","endTime":"10:30:00"},"room":{"name":"Room B"}}],"score":"0hard/0soft"}
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

请注意,应用程序将所有四个小项分配给两个时间插槽之一,以及两个空间之一。另请注意,它符合所有硬限制。例如,M. Curie 的两个定义位于不同的时间段内。

在服务器端,info 日志显示 OptaPlanner 在 5 秒内执行的操作:

... Solving started: time spent (33), best score (-8init/0hard/0soft), environment mode (REPRODUCIBLE), random (JDK with seed 0).
... Construction Heuristic phase (0) ended: time spent (73), best score (0hard/0soft), score calculation speed (459/sec), step total (4).
... Local Search phase (1) ended: time spent (5000), best score (0hard/0soft), score calculation speed (28949/sec), step total (28398).
... Solving ended: time spent (5000), best score (0hard/0soft), score calculation speed (28524/sec), phase total (2), environment mode (REPRODUCIBLE).
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

13.7.2. 构建应用程序

良好的应用程序包括测试覆盖。这个示例测试 OptaPlanner Spring Boot 应用程序的 Timetable Red Hat Build。它使用 JUnit 测试来生成测试数据集,并将其发送到 TimeTableController 来解决。

流程

使用以下内容创建 src/test/java/com/example/solver/TimeTableControllerTest.java 类:

package com.example.solver;

import java.time.DayOfWeek;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.example.domain.Lesson;
import com.example.domain.Room;
import com.example.domain.TimeTable;
import com.example.domain.Timeslot;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Timeout;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;

@SpringBootTest(properties = {
        "optaplanner.solver.termination.spent-limit=1h", // Effectively disable this termination in favor of the best-score-limit
        "optaplanner.solver.termination.best-score-limit=0hard/*soft"})
public class TimeTableControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private TimeTableController timeTableController;

    @Test
    @Timeout(600_000)
    public void solve() {
        TimeTable problem = generateProblem();
        TimeTable solution = timeTableController.solve(problem);
        assertFalse(solution.getLessonList().isEmpty());
        for (Lesson lesson : solution.getLessonList()) {
            assertNotNull(lesson.getTimeslot());
            assertNotNull(lesson.getRoom());
        }
        assertTrue(solution.getScore().isFeasible());
    }

    private TimeTable generateProblem() {
        List<Timeslot> timeslotList = new ArrayList<>();
        timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(8, 30), LocalTime.of(9, 30)));
        timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(9, 30), LocalTime.of(10, 30)));
        timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(10, 30), LocalTime.of(11, 30)));
        timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(13, 30), LocalTime.of(14, 30)));
        timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(14, 30), LocalTime.of(15, 30)));

        List<Room> roomList = new ArrayList<>();
        roomList.add(new Room("Room A"));
        roomList.add(new Room("Room B"));
        roomList.add(new Room("Room C"));

        List<Lesson> lessonList = new ArrayList<>();
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(101L, "Math", "B. May", "9th grade"));
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(102L, "Physics", "M. Curie", "9th grade"));
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(103L, "Geography", "M. Polo", "9th grade"));
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(104L, "English", "I. Jones", "9th grade"));
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(105L, "Spanish", "P. Cruz", "9th grade"));

        lessonList.add(new Lesson(201L, "Math", "B. May", "10th grade"));
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(202L, "Chemistry", "M. Curie", "10th grade"));
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(203L, "History", "I. Jones", "10th grade"));
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(204L, "English", "P. Cruz", "10th grade"));
        lessonList.add(new Lesson(205L, "French", "M. Curie", "10th grade"));
        return new TimeTable(timeslotList, roomList, lessonList);
    }

}
Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

此测试会验证之后,所有较少记录都会被分配给一个时间插槽和房间。它还会验证它发现了一个可行的解决方案(没有硬约束中断)。

通常,解析器会在 200 毫秒内找到可行的解决方案。请注意,@SpringBootTest 注释 的属性 如何覆盖 solver 终止,以便在找到可行的解决方案(0hard soft)时立即终止。这可避免硬编码一个固定时间,因为单元测试可能会在任意硬件上运行。这种方法可确保测试运行足够长,以找到可行的解决方案,即使在较慢的系统上也是如此。但是,即使在快速的系统上,它不会运行毫秒的时间超过它。

13.7.3. 日志记录

完成 Red Hat Build of OptaPlanner Spring Boot timetable 应用程序后,您可以使用日志信息来帮助微调 ConstraintProvider 中的限制。查看 info 日志文件中的分数计算速度,以评估对您的限制的影响。以调试模式运行应用程序,以显示应用程序采取的每个步骤,或使用 trace 日志记录来记录每个步骤和每次移动。

流程

  1. 在固定时间内运行 timetable 应用程序,例如五分钟。
  2. 查看日志文件中的分数计算速度,如下例所示:

    ... Solving ended: ..., score calculation speed (29455/sec), ...
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap
  3. 更改约束,在相同时间内再次运行 planning 应用程序,并查看日志文件中记录的分数计算速度。
  4. 以 debug 模式运行应用程序以记录每个步骤:

    • 要从命令行运行调试模式,请使用 -D 系统属性。
    • 要更改 application.properties 文件中的日志记录,请在该文件中添加以下行:

      logging.level.org.optaplanner=debug
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

      以下示例以 debug 模式显示 日志文件中 的输出:

      ... Solving started: time spent (67), best score (-20init/0hard/0soft), environment mode (REPRODUCIBLE), random (JDK with seed 0).
      ...     CH step (0), time spent (128), score (-18init/0hard/0soft), selected move count (15), picked move ([Math(101) {null -> Room A}, Math(101) {null -> MONDAY 08:30}]).
      ...     CH step (1), time spent (145), score (-16init/0hard/0soft), selected move count (15), picked move ([Physics(102) {null -> Room A}, Physics(102) {null -> MONDAY 09:30}]).
      ...
      Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap
  5. 使用 trace 日志记录来显示每个步骤,以及每个步骤的每次移动。
返回顶部
Red Hat logoGithubredditYoutubeTwitter

学习

尝试、购买和销售

社区

关于红帽文档

通过我们的产品和服务,以及可以信赖的内容,帮助红帽用户创新并实现他们的目标。 了解我们当前的更新.

让开源更具包容性

红帽致力于替换我们的代码、文档和 Web 属性中存在问题的语言。欲了解更多详情,请参阅红帽博客.

關於紅帽

我们提供强化的解决方案,使企业能够更轻松地跨平台和环境(从核心数据中心到网络边缘)工作。

Theme

© 2025 Red Hat