红帽全球峰会10.7. 测试应用程序
良好的应用程序包括测试覆盖。测试限制以及您的时间表项目中的 solver。
10.7.1. 测试 prompt 时间可写入限制
要在隔离中测试 timetable 项目的约束，请在单元测试中使用 ConstraintVerifier。这会测试每个约束的发生与其他测试隔离的情况，这可在添加正确测试覆盖的新约束时降低维护。
当给定同一空间的三个较少时，此测试会验证约束 TimeTableConstraintProvider:: roomConflict，其中两个较少项具有相同的 timeslot，以匹配权重为 1。因此，如果约束权重为 10hard，它会按 -10hard 减少分数。
流程
创建 src/test/java/org/acme/optaplanner/solver/TimeTableConstraintProviderTest.java 类：
package org.acme.optaplanner.solver;
import java.time.DayOfWeek;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
import org.acme.optaplanner.domain.Lesson;
import org.acme.optaplanner.domain.Room;
import org.acme.optaplanner.domain.TimeTable;
import org.acme.optaplanner.domain.Timeslot;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.optaplanner.test.api.score.stream.ConstraintVerifier;
@QuarkusTest
class TimeTableConstraintProviderTest {
private static final Room ROOM = new Room("Room1");
private static final Timeslot TIMESLOT1 = new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(9,0), LocalTime.NOON);
private static final Timeslot TIMESLOT2 = new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.TUESDAY, LocalTime.of(9,0), LocalTime.NOON);
@Inject
ConstraintVerifier<TimeTableConstraintProvider, TimeTable> constraintVerifier;
@Test
void roomConflict() {
Lesson firstLesson = new Lesson(1, "Subject1", "Teacher1", "Group1");
Lesson conflictingLesson = new Lesson(2, "Subject2", "Teacher2", "Group2");
Lesson nonConflictingLesson = new Lesson(3, "Subject3", "Teacher3", "Group3");
firstLesson.setRoom(ROOM);
firstLesson.setTimeslot(TIMESLOT1);
conflictingLesson.setRoom(ROOM);
conflictingLesson.setTimeslot(TIMESLOT1);
nonConflictingLesson.setRoom(ROOM);
nonConflictingLesson.setTimeslot(TIMESLOT2);
constraintVerifier.verifyThat(TimeTableConstraintProvider::roomConflict)
.given(firstLesson, conflictingLesson, nonConflictingLesson)
.penalizesBy(1);
}
}
请注意，ConstraintVerifier 在测试过程中如何忽略约束权重，即使这些约束权重在 ConstraintProvider 中硬编码。这是因为在进入生产环境前定期更改约束权重。这样，约束权重调整不会影响单元测试。
10.7.2. 测试 7000 timetable resolver
这个示例在 Red Hat build of Quarkus 平台上测试 Red Hat Build of OptaPlanner eXecut timetable 项目。它使用 JUnit 测试来生成测试数据集，并将其发送到 TimeTableController 来解决这个问题。
流程
使用以下内容创建
src/test/java/com/example/rest/TimeTableResourceTest.java类：package com.exmaple.optaplanner.rest; import java.time.DayOfWeek; import java.time.LocalTime; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.inject.Inject; import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest; import com.exmaple.optaplanner.domain.Room; import com.exmaple.optaplanner.domain.Timeslot; import com.exmaple.optaplanner.domain.Lesson; import com.exmaple.optaplanner.domain.TimeTable; import com.exmaple.optaplanner.rest.TimeTableResource; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Timeout; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue; @QuarkusTest public class TimeTableResourceTest { @Inject TimeTableResource timeTableResource; @Test @Timeout(600_000) public void solve() { TimeTable problem = generateProblem(); TimeTable solution = timeTableResource.solve(problem); assertFalse(solution.getLessonList().isEmpty()); for (Lesson lesson : solution.getLessonList()) { assertNotNull(lesson.getTimeslot()); assertNotNull(lesson.getRoom()); } assertTrue(solution.getScore().isFeasible()); } private TimeTable generateProblem() { List<Timeslot> timeslotList = new ArrayList<>(); timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(8, 30), LocalTime.of(9, 30))); timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(9, 30), LocalTime.of(10, 30))); timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(10, 30), LocalTime.of(11, 30))); timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(13, 30), LocalTime.of(14, 30))); timeslotList.add(new Timeslot(DayOfWeek.MONDAY, LocalTime.of(14, 30), LocalTime.of(15, 30))); List<Room> roomList = new ArrayList<>(); roomList.add(new Room("Room A")); roomList.add(new Room("Room B")); roomList.add(new Room("Room C")); List<Lesson> lessonList = new ArrayList<>(); lessonList.add(new Lesson(101L, "Math", "B. May", "9th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(102L, "Physics", "M. Curie", "9th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(103L, "Geography", "M. Polo", "9th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(104L, "English", "I. Jones", "9th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(105L, "Spanish", "P. Cruz", "9th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(201L, "Math", "B. May", "10th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(202L, "Chemistry", "M. Curie", "10th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(203L, "History", "I. Jones", "10th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(204L, "English", "P. Cruz", "10th grade")); lessonList.add(new Lesson(205L, "French", "M. Curie", "10th grade")); return new TimeTable(timeslotList, roomList, lessonList); } }此测试会验证之后，所有较少记录都会被分配给一个时间插槽和房间。它还会验证它发现了一个可行的解决方案（没有硬约束中断）。
在
src/main/resources/application.properties文件中添加 test 属性：# The solver runs only for 5 seconds to avoid a HTTP timeout in this simple implementation. # It's recommended to run for at least 5 minutes ("5m") otherwise. quarkus.optaplanner.solver.termination.spent-limit=5s # Effectively disable this termination in favor of the best-score-limit %test.quarkus.optaplanner.solver.termination.spent-limit=1h %test.quarkus.optaplanner.solver.termination.best-score-limit=0hard/*soft
通常，解析器会在 200 毫秒内找到可行的解决方案。请注意，application.properties 文件在测试期间如何覆盖 solver 终止，以便在找到可行的解决方案 (0hard thesoft) 时立即终止。这可避免硬编码一个固定时间，因为单元测试可能会在任意硬件上运行。这种方法可确保测试运行足够长，以找到可行的解决方案，即使在较慢的系统上也是如此。但是，即使在快速的系统上，它不会运行毫秒的时间超过其严格要求。
