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Chapter 2. Configuring Storage Strategies

Configuring storage strategies is about assigning Ceph OSDs to a CRUSH hierarchy, defining the number of placement groups for a pool, and creating a pool. The general steps are:

  1. Define a Storage Strategy: Storage strategies require you to analyze your use case, cost/benefit performance tradeoffs and data durability. Then, you create OSDs suitable for that use case. For example, you can create SSD-backed OSDs for a high performance pool or cache tier; SAS drive/SSD journal-backed OSDs for high-performance block device volumes and images; or, SATA-backed OSDs for low cost storage. Ideally, each OSD for a use case should have the same hardware configuration so that you have a consistent performance profile.
  2. Define a CRUSH Hierarchy: Ceph rules select a node (usually the root) in a CRUSH hierarchy, and identify the appropriate OSDs for storing placement groups and the objects they contain. You must create a CRUSH hierarchy and a CRUSH rule for your storage strategy (cache tiers require one for the hot tier and one for the cold or backing tier). CRUSH hierarchies get assigned directly to a pool by the CRUSH ruleset setting; however, cache tiers are assigned to the backing tier, and the backing tier ruleset gets assigned to the pool.
  3. Calculate Placement Groups: Ceph shards a pool into placement groups. You need to set an appropriate number of placement groups for your pool, and remain within a healthy maximum number of placement groups in the event that you assign multiple pools to the same CRUSH ruleset.
  4. Create a Pool: Finally, you must create a pool and determine whether it uses replicated or erasure-coded storage and whether it supports a cache tier. You must set the number of placement groups for the pool, the ruleset for the pool and the durability (size or K+M coding chunks).

Remember, the pool is the Ceph client’s interface to the storage cluster, but the storage strategy is completely invisible to the Ceph client (except for capacity and performance).

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