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Chapter 3. Using the Cluster Samples Operator with an alternate registry
You can use the Cluster Samples Operator with an alternate registry by first creating a mirror registry.
You must have access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images. In this procedure, you place the mirror registry on a mirror host that has access to both your network and the internet.
3.1. About the mirror registry
You can mirror the images that are required for OpenShift Container Platform installation and subsequent product updates to a container mirror registry such as Red Hat Quay, JFrog Artifactory, Sonatype Nexus Repository, or Harbor. If you do not have access to a large-scale container registry, you can use the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, a small-scale container registry included with OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions.
You can use any container registry that supports Docker v2-2, such as Red Hat Quay, the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, Artifactory, Sonatype Nexus Repository, or Harbor. Regardless of your chosen registry, the procedure to mirror content from Red Hat hosted sites on the internet to an isolated image registry is the same. After you mirror the content, you configure each cluster to retrieve this content from your mirror registry.
The OpenShift image registry cannot be used as the target registry because it does not support pushing without a tag, which is required during the mirroring process.
If choosing a container registry that is not the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, it must be reachable by every machine in the clusters that you provision. If the registry is unreachable, installation, updating, or normal operations such as workload relocation might fail. For that reason, you must run mirror registries in a highly available way, and the mirror registries must at least match the production availability of your OpenShift Container Platform clusters.
When you populate your mirror registry with OpenShift Container Platform images, you can follow two scenarios. If you have a host that can access both the internet and your mirror registry, but not your cluster nodes, you can directly mirror the content from that machine. This process is referred to as connected mirroring. If you have no such host, you must mirror the images to a file system and then bring that host or removable media into your restricted environment. This process is referred to as disconnected mirroring.
For mirrored registries, to view the source of pulled images, you must review the Trying to access
log entry in the CRI-O logs. Other methods to view the image pull source, such as using the crictl images
command on a node, show the non-mirrored image name, even though the image is pulled from the mirrored location.
Red Hat does not test third party registries with OpenShift Container Platform.
Additional information
For information on viewing the CRI-O logs to view the image source, see Viewing the image pull source.
3.1.1. Preparing the mirror host
Before you create the mirror registry, you must prepare the mirror host.
3.1.2. Installing the OpenShift CLI
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc
on Linux, Windows, or macOS.
If you installed an earlier version of oc
, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.17. Download and install the new version of oc
.
Installing the OpenShift CLI on Linux
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the architecture from the Product Variant drop-down list.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
- Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 Linux Clients entry and save the file.
Unpack the archive:
$ tar xvf <file>
Place the
oc
binary in a directory that is on yourPATH
.To check your
PATH
, execute the following command:$ echo $PATH
Verification
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the
oc
command:$ oc <command>
Installing the OpenShift CLI on Windows
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
- Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 Windows Client entry and save the file.
- Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
Move the
oc
binary to a directory that is on yourPATH
.To check your
PATH
, open the command prompt and execute the following command:C:\> path
Verification
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the
oc
command:C:\> oc <command>
Installing the OpenShift CLI on macOS
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 macOS Clients entry and save the file.
NoteFor macOS arm64, choose the OpenShift v4.17 macOS arm64 Client entry.
- Unpack and unzip the archive.
Move the
oc
binary to a directory on your PATH.To check your
PATH
, open a terminal and execute the following command:$ echo $PATH
Verification
Verify your installation by using an
oc
command:$ oc <command>
3.2. Configuring credentials that allow images to be mirrored
Create a container image registry credentials file that enables you to mirror images from Red Hat to your mirror.
Prerequisites
- You configured a mirror registry to use in your disconnected environment.
Procedure
Complete the following steps on the installation host:
-
Download your
registry.redhat.io
pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. Make a copy of your pull secret in JSON format:
$ cat ./pull-secret | jq . > <path>/<pull_secret_file_in_json> 1
- 1
- Specify the path to the folder to store the pull secret in and a name for the JSON file that you create.
The contents of the file resemble the following example:
{ "auths": { "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
Generate the base64-encoded user name and password or token for your mirror registry:
$ echo -n '<user_name>:<password>' | base64 -w0 1 BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=
- 1
- For
<user_name>
and<password>
, specify the user name and password that you configured for your registry.
Edit the JSON file and add a section that describes your registry to it:
"auths": { "<mirror_registry>": { 1 "auth": "<credentials>", 2 "email": "you@example.com" } },
The file resembles the following example:
{ "auths": { "registry.example.com": { "auth": "BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=", "email": "you@example.com" }, "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
3.3. Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository
Mirror the OpenShift Container Platform image repository to your registry to use during cluster installation or upgrade.
Prerequisites
- Your mirror host has access to the internet.
- You configured a mirror registry to use in your restricted network and can access the certificate and credentials that you configured.
- You downloaded the pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager and modified it to include authentication to your mirror repository.
- If you use self-signed certificates, you have specified a Subject Alternative Name in the certificates.
Procedure
Complete the following steps on the mirror host:
- Review the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page to determine the version of OpenShift Container Platform that you want to install and determine the corresponding tag on the Repository Tags page.
Set the required environment variables:
Export the release version:
$ OCP_RELEASE=<release_version>
For
<release_version>
, specify the tag that corresponds to the version of OpenShift Container Platform to install, such as4.5.4
.Export the local registry name and host port:
$ LOCAL_REGISTRY='<local_registry_host_name>:<local_registry_host_port>'
For
<local_registry_host_name>
, specify the registry domain name for your mirror repository, and for<local_registry_host_port>
, specify the port that it serves content on.Export the local repository name:
$ LOCAL_REPOSITORY='<local_repository_name>'
For
<local_repository_name>
, specify the name of the repository to create in your registry, such asocp4/openshift4
.Export the name of the repository to mirror:
$ PRODUCT_REPO='openshift-release-dev'
For a production release, you must specify
openshift-release-dev
.Export the path to your registry pull secret:
$ LOCAL_SECRET_JSON='<path_to_pull_secret>'
For
<path_to_pull_secret>
, specify the absolute path to and file name of the pull secret for your mirror registry that you created.Export the release mirror:
$ RELEASE_NAME="ocp-release"
For a production release, you must specify
ocp-release
.Export the type of architecture for your cluster:
$ ARCHITECTURE=<cluster_architecture> 1
- 1
- Specify the architecture of the cluster, such as
x86_64
,aarch64
,s390x
, orppc64le
.
Export the path to the directory to host the mirrored images:
$ REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH=<path> 1
- 1
- Specify the full path, including the initial forward slash (/) character.
Mirror the version images to the mirror registry:
If your mirror host does not have internet access, take the following actions:
- Connect the removable media to a system that is connected to the internet.
Review the images and configuration manifests to mirror:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} \ --from=quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} \ --to=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} \ --to-release-image=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} --dry-run
-
Record the entire
imageContentSources
section from the output of the previous command. The information about your mirrors is unique to your mirrored repository, and you must add theimageContentSources
section to theinstall-config.yaml
file during installation. Mirror the images to a directory on the removable media:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --to-dir=${REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}
Take the media to the restricted network environment and upload the images to the local container registry.
$ oc image mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --from-dir=${REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror "file://openshift/release:${OCP_RELEASE}*" ${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} 1
- 1
- For
REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH
, you must use the same path that you specified when you mirrored the images.
ImportantRunning
oc image mirror
might result in the following error:error: unable to retrieve source image
. This error occurs when image indexes include references to images that no longer exist on the image registry. Image indexes might retain older references to allow users running those images an upgrade path to newer points on the upgrade graph. As a temporary workaround, you can use the--skip-missing
option to bypass the error and continue downloading the image index. For more information, see Service Mesh Operator mirroring failed.
If the local container registry is connected to the mirror host, take the following actions:
Directly push the release images to the local registry by using following command:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} \ --from=quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} \ --to=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} \ --to-release-image=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}
This command pulls the release information as a digest, and its output includes the
imageContentSources
data that you require when you install your cluster.Record the entire
imageContentSources
section from the output of the previous command. The information about your mirrors is unique to your mirrored repository, and you must add theimageContentSources
section to theinstall-config.yaml
file during installation.NoteThe image name gets patched to Quay.io during the mirroring process, and the podman images will show Quay.io in the registry on the bootstrap virtual machine.
To create the installation program that is based on the content that you mirrored, extract it and pin it to the release:
If your mirror host does not have internet access, run the following command:
$ oc adm release extract -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --icsp-file=<file> --command=openshift-install "${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}" \ --insecure=true 1
- 1
- Optional: If you do not want to configure trust for the target registry, add the
--insecure=true
flag.
If the local container registry is connected to the mirror host, run the following command:
$ oc adm release extract -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --command=openshift-install "${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}"
ImportantTo ensure that you use the correct images for the version of OpenShift Container Platform that you selected, you must extract the installation program from the mirrored content.
You must perform this step on a machine with an active internet connection.
For clusters using installer-provisioned infrastructure, run the following command:
$ openshift-install
3.4. Using Cluster Samples Operator image streams with alternate or mirrored registries
Most image streams in the openshift
namespace managed by the Cluster Samples Operator point to images located in the Red Hat registry at registry.redhat.io.
The cli
, installer
, must-gather
, and tests
image streams, while part of the install payload, are not managed by the Cluster Samples Operator. These are not addressed in this procedure.
The Cluster Samples Operator must be set to Managed
in a disconnected environment. To install the image streams, you have a mirrored registry.
Prerequisites
-
Access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. - Create a pull secret for your mirror registry.
Procedure
Access the images of a specific image stream to mirror, for example:
$ oc get is <imagestream> -n openshift -o json | jq .spec.tags[].from.name | grep registry.redhat.io
Mirror images from registry.redhat.io associated with any image streams you need
$ oc image mirror registry.redhat.io/rhscl/ruby-25-rhel7:latest ${MIRROR_ADDR}/rhscl/ruby-25-rhel7:latest
Create the cluster’s image configuration object:
$ oc create configmap registry-config --from-file=${MIRROR_ADDR_HOSTNAME}..5000=$path/ca.crt -n openshift-config
Add the required trusted CAs for the mirror in the cluster’s image configuration object:
$ oc patch image.config.openshift.io/cluster --patch '{"spec":{"additionalTrustedCA":{"name":"registry-config"}}}' --type=merge
Update the
samplesRegistry
field in the Cluster Samples Operator configuration object to contain thehostname
portion of the mirror location defined in the mirror configuration:$ oc edit configs.samples.operator.openshift.io -n openshift-cluster-samples-operator
NoteThis is required because the image stream import process does not use the mirror or search mechanism at this time.
Add any image streams that are not mirrored into the
skippedImagestreams
field of the Cluster Samples Operator configuration object. Or if you do not want to support any of the sample image streams, set the Cluster Samples Operator toRemoved
in the Cluster Samples Operator configuration object.NoteThe Cluster Samples Operator issues alerts if image stream imports are failing but the Cluster Samples Operator is either periodically retrying or does not appear to be retrying them.
Many of the templates in the
openshift
namespace reference the image streams. So usingRemoved
to purge both the image streams and templates will eliminate the possibility of attempts to use them if they are not functional because of any missing image streams.
3.4.1. Cluster Samples Operator assistance for mirroring
During installation, OpenShift Container Platform creates a config map named imagestreamtag-to-image
in the openshift-cluster-samples-operator
namespace. The imagestreamtag-to-image
config map contains an entry, the populating image, for each image stream tag.
The format of the key for each entry in the data field in the config map is <image_stream_name>_<image_stream_tag_name>
.
During a disconnected installation of OpenShift Container Platform, the status of the Cluster Samples Operator is set to Removed
. If you choose to change it to Managed
, it installs samples.
The use of samples in a network-restricted or discontinued environment may require access to services external to your network. Some example services include: Github, Maven Central, npm, RubyGems, PyPi and others. There might be additional steps to take that allow the cluster samples operators’s objects to reach the services they require.
You can use this config map as a reference for which images need to be mirrored for your image streams to import.
-
While the Cluster Samples Operator is set to
Removed
, you can create your mirrored registry, or determine which existing mirrored registry you want to use. - Mirror the samples you want to the mirrored registry using the new config map as your guide.
-
Add any of the image streams you did not mirror to the
skippedImagestreams
list of the Cluster Samples Operator configuration object. -
Set
samplesRegistry
of the Cluster Samples Operator configuration object to the mirrored registry. -
Then set the Cluster Samples Operator to
Managed
to install the image streams you have mirrored.
See Using Cluster Samples Operator image streams with alternate or mirrored registries for a detailed procedure.