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Chapter 27. Application Health
27.1. Overview
In software systems, components can become unhealthy due to transient issues (such as temporary connectivity loss), configuration errors, or problems with external dependencies. OpenShift Container Platform applications have a number of options to detect and handle unhealthy containers.
27.2. Container Health Checks Using Probes
A probe is a Kubernetes action that periodically performs diagnostics on a running container. Currently, two types of probes exist, each serving a different purpose:
| Liveness Probe |
A liveness probe checks if the container in which it is configured is still running. If the liveness probe fails, the kubelet kills the container, which will be subjected to its restart policy. Set a liveness check by configuring the |
| Readiness Probe |
A readiness probe determines if a container is ready to service requests. If the readiness probe fails a container, the endpoints controller ensures the container has its IP address removed from the endpoints of all services. A readiness probe can be used to signal to the endpoints controller that even though a container is running, it should not receive any traffic from a proxy. Set a readiness check by configuring the |
The exact timing of a probe is controlled by two fields, both expressed in units of seconds:
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
|
| How long to wait after the container starts to begin the probe. |
|
|
How long to wait for the probe to finish (default: |
Both probes can be configured in three ways:
HTTP Checks
The kubelet uses a web hook to determine the healthiness of the container. The check is deemed successful if the HTTP response code is between 200 and 399. The following is an example of a readiness check using the HTTP checks method:
Example 27.1. Readiness HTTP check
...
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 8080
initialDelaySeconds: 15
timeoutSeconds: 1
...A HTTP check is ideal for applications that return HTTP status codes when completely initialized.
Container Execution Checks
The kubelet executes a command inside the container. Exiting the check with status 0 is considered a success. The following is an example of a liveness check using the container execution method:
Example 27.2. Liveness Container Execution Check
...
livenessProbe:
exec:
command:
- cat
- /tmp/health
initialDelaySeconds: 15
timeoutSeconds: 1
...TCP Socket Checks
The kubelet attempts to open a socket to the container. The container is only considered healthy if the check can establish a connection. The following is an example of a liveness check using the TCP socket check method:
Example 27.3. Liveness TCP Socket Check
...
livenessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 8080
initialDelaySeconds: 15
timeoutSeconds: 1
...A TCP socket check is ideal for applications that do not start listening until initialization is complete.
For more information on health checks, see the Kubernetes documentation.
